Hazard Communication Standard

Global Harmonization

Presented by: Mark Regan, NAHMS, CGPM, CMM

Assistant Director of Facilities Peabody Properties, Inc.

What is GHS?

• Global Harmonization System (GHS): GHS stands for the classification and labeling of Chemicals. GHS is a system that defines and classifies the hazards of chemical products, and communicates health and safety information on labels and SDS sheets. The goal is to have the same set of rules for classifying hazards as well as the same format’s, content for labels and Safety Data Sheets, where by it will be and universally accepted and implemented worldwide. An international team of hazard communication experts developed the GHS system through the United Nations.

History of GHS • United Nations • Developed at the 1992 at

the Rio Conference • International Labor

Organization (ILO) • Organization for Economic

Co-operation and Development (OECD)

• Developed system of Global Harmonization by year 2000 (GHS)

• Include New SDS Sheets, Pictograms, Hazard Classification and Labeling

• Facts: • Estimated 945,000 products

in the United States • Over 7 million workplaces in

the United States

History of GHS (continued)

• In 1992 the UN Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) established the following 6 program areas to strengthen national and international efforts related to the environmentally sound management of chemicals:

1. Expanding and accelerating international assessment of chemical risks

2. Harmonization of classification and labeling of chemicals

3. Information on toxic chemicals and chemical risks

History of GHS (continued)

1. Establishment of risk reduction programs 2. Strengthening of national capabilities and capacities

for management of chemicals 3. Prevention of illegal international traffic in toxic and

dangerous products

GHS Timeline

• December 1, 2013: • Employers must train employees how to read GHS

Labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDS). • June 1, 2015: • Chemical Manufacturers and Distributors must

complete hazard re-classification and produce GHS-style Labels and Safety Data Sheets. They get Six months to ship older stock.

GHS Timeline (continued)

• December 1, 2015: • Distributers must comply fully with HCS (Hazard

Communications Standard) requirements.

• June 1, 2016: • Employers must be fully compliant with required HCS

including the training of employees, the use of new labeled materials and the use of SDS sheets, and to have a Hazcom plan in place.

Effective Training

• OSHA requires employers to present information in a manner and language that their employees can understand.

• If employees customarily need to communicate work instructions or other workplace information to other employees in a language other than English, they will also need to provide safety and health training to employees in the same manner.

Effective Training (continued)

• Similarly, if the employee’s vocabulary is limited, the training must account for that limitation.

• By the same token, if the employee has a

literacy issue, telling them to read training materials will not satisfy the employer’s training obligation.

Hazard Communication Standard

1. Chemical Hazard (chemicals and items used in day-to-day work)

2. Employee Training (yearly, mandatory) 3. Provide SDS Sheets (formerly known as MSDS

Sheets) 4. Provide proper labels on materials used in

daily operations.

Employee Information and Training

• Requirements of 1910.1200 (OSHA Industry Standard).

• Any operations in your work area where hazardous chemicals are present.

• The location and availability of the written hazard communication program, including the required list(s) of hazardous chemicals and sheets.

Employee Information and Training (continued)

• Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area;

• At the time of their initial assignment, and; • Whenever a new chemical hazard the

employees have not previously been trained on is then introduced into their work area.

Employee Information and Training (continued)

Information and training may be designed to cover:

– Categories of Hazards and specific Chemicals

– Chemical/Specific information must always be available through Labels and Safety Data Sheets

Globally Harmonized System

• There are 3 major changes that will be made during the implementation of GHS: 1. Classification of Chemicals 2. Standard Label Format 3. Standardized Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

Hazardous Chemicals

Hazardous Chemicals

What is a Hazardous Chemical?

• A Hazardous Chemical is classified as a: 1. Physical or Health Hazard 2. Pyrophoric gas 3. Simple Asphyxiate 4. Combustible Dust 5. Hazard Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC)

Physical Hazards 16

• Explosives • Flammable gases • Flammable aerosols • Oxidizing gases • Gases under pressure • Flammable liquids • Flammable solids • Self-reacting chemicals • Pyrophoric liquids • Pyrophoric solids • Self-heating chemicals • Chemicals contact with water which emit flammable gases

Physical Hazards 16 (continued)

• Oxidizing Liquids • Oxidizing Solids • Organic Peroxides • Corrosives to Metals

Physical Hazards What is common to us?

• Explosives (gasoline, propane, acetylene) • Flammable Gases (butane, propane,) • Flammable Aerosols (Pledge, WD-40) • Gases under pressure (any aerosol can) • Flammable Liquids (gasoline, turpentine) • Corrosives to Metal (acid, drain cleaner)

Health Hazards 10 • Acute toxicity • Skin corrosion/irritation • Serious eye damage/eye irritation • Respiratory or Skin sensitization • Germ cell mutation • Carcinogenicity • Reproductive toxicity • Specific target organ (single exposure) • Specific target organ (repeated/prolonged exposure) • Aspiration hazard

Environmental Hazards 2

• Acute Aquatic Toxicity • Chronic Aquatic Toxicity

Hazardous Chemicals

• DANGER – 1994 definition retained (Pyrophoric Gases) – Signal word: “DANGER” – Hazard Statement: “catches fire spontaneously if exposed to

air”.

• WARNING – Revised definition of – Signal word: “WARNING” – Hazard Statement: “may displace oxygen and cause rapid

suffocation”.

Hazard Communication Elements

1. Hazard Communication Program 2. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) 3. Labels 4. Training

Safety Data Sheets

Formerly known as MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) Now termed as SDS (Safety Data Sheets) Inventory maintained Every Hazardous Chemical – SDS on file Location:

• Storage room for chemicals • Maintenance shop • Cleaning room

Labeling

Popular Hazcom Labels (Pre-GHS) NFPA Label

Popular Hazcom Labels (Pre-GHS) HMIS III Label

Current Labels Colors NFPA/HMIS

• HEALTH BLUE • FIRE RED • REACTIVITY YELLOW • SPECIAL WHITE

Hazard Ratings – Current Labels NFPA/HMIS

– HMIS NFPA – Severe 4 Extreme – Serious 3 High – Moderate 2 Moderate – Slight 1 Slight – Minimal 0 insignificant

Hazard Rating GHS

• GHS numbers are opposite to the NFPA and HMIS in regards to severity of the Hazard:

• GHS 1 = Most Severe • GHS 4 = Least Severe

GHS Labels

As of June 1, 2015, all Labels will be required to have the following:

1. Product Identifier 2. Supplier Identification 3. Precautionary Statement 4. Pictograms 5. Signal Words 6. Hazard Statements

Product Identifier

• Names or Numbers used on a hazardous product label or in a SDS Sheet.

• Provides a unique means by which the product user can identify the chemical substance or mixture.

• Under the GHS labels, substances should include the chemical identity of the substance.

• Labels for mixtures should include ALL identities of ingredients.

Labels and Other Forms of Warnings

Product identifier: • Common Name • Chemical Name or Both

New GHS Label

Supplier Identification

• Under GHS supplier identification would include the name, address and telephone number of the manufacturer or supplier of the substance.

• Current EPA requirements for product identifiers are generally consistent with GHS.

Labels and Other Forms of Warnings (continued)

Manufacturer, Importer, or Other Responsible Party: *Name: WD-40 Company *Address: 1032 Cuddy Highway San Diego, CA 92110 *Phone: 555-555-5555 *Emergency Phone Number 24-hour: Chemtrec (800)424-9300 Designed for use only in the event of chemical emergencies involving a spill, leak, fire exposure or accident involving chemicals.

Precautionary Statement

• Phrases that describe recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product, or the improper storage or handling of a hazardous product.

• These phrases cover prevention, response, storage, and disposal of products.

• GHS provides guidance on precautionary statements and includes a list of statements that may be used.

Labels and Other Forms of Warnings (continued)

• Precautionary Statements: 5 Types 1. General-Consumer Products 2. Prevention-Keep Away From Heat 3. Response-Spills, Exposure, Emergency

Response 4. Storage-Protect from Sunlight 5. Disposal-Dispose of Contents Properly

Hazard Statement

• Phrases assigned to each hazard category that describes the nature of the hazard

• Examples of Hazard Statements are: – Harmful if Swallowed – Highly Flammable Liquid or Vapor – Harmful to Aquatic Life

Pictogram

Pictogram

• A symbol in a diamond with a Red border denoting a particular hazard.

• The effectiveness of Hazard Communication is enhanced when important information is conveyed in more than one way, such as combining eye-catching symbols with clear label text.

• Pictograms are a simple method of conveying information and drawing attention to other label information.

• GHS uses pictograms in combination with two distinct signal words to quickly and simply relay important hazard information to chemical users and handlers.

HCS Pictograms and Hazards

• Where a chemical has multiple hazards, different pictograms are used to identify the various hazards.

• Employees should expect to see the

appropriate pictogram for the corresponding hazard class.

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• As of June 1, 2015, the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) will require Pictograms on all labels to alert users of the chemical hazards to which they may be exposed.

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Each Pictogram consists of a symbol on a white background framed within a red border representing a distinct Hazard(s). The label is determined by the chemical hazard classification.

OSHA Quick Card (English)

OSHA Quick Card (Spanish)

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Exploding Bomb: – Explosives – Self-Reactives – Organic Peroxides

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Flame: – Flammables – Pyrophorics – Self-Heating – Emits Flammable Gas – Self-Reacts – Organic Peroxides

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Health Hazards: – Carcinogen – Mutagenicity – Reproductive Toxicity – Target Organ Toxicity – Aspiration Toxicity

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Skull and Crossbones: – Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Corrosives: – Skin corrosion/burns – Eye damage – Corrosive to metals

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Pressurized Tank: – Gases under pressure

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Flaming O: – Oxidizers

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Exclamation Mark: – Irritant (skin and eyes) – Skin Sensitizer – Acute Toxicity – Narcotic Effects – Respiratory Tract Irritant

HCS Pictograms and Hazards (continued)

• Environmental Hazard: – Optional

Signal Words “Warning Danger”

Signal Words

• One word used to indicate the relative severity of Hazard and Alert the reader to a potential hazard on the label and Safety Data Sheets. The GHS includes two signal words:

– Warning for less severe hazard categories – Danger for more severe hazard categories

Signal Words/Pictograms

Safety Data Sheets (SDS) Who creates the SDS?

• Chemical manufacturers and importers shall obtain or develop a safety data sheet (SDS) for each hazardous chemical they produce or import. Employers shall have a safety data sheet (SDS) in the workplace for each hazardous chemical used.

• Must be in English. Other languages, if possible. • “NEW” Standard format • 16 parts with required information

SDS SHEETS (Monitored by OSHA) Sections 1 thru 11

Section 1: Identification Section 2: Hazard(s) Identification Section 3: Composition/Information Section 4: First Aide Measures Section 5: Fire Fighting Measures Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Section 7: Handling and Storage Section 8: Exposure Control/PPE Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Section 11: Toxicological Information

SDS Sheets

• With the new format, Section 8 (Exposure Control/PPE) will always contain information about: – Exposure Limits – Engineering Controls – Ways to protect yourself, including PPE

SDS Sheets (not monitored by OSHA)

Section 12: Ecological Information Section 13: Disposal Considerations Section 14: Transportation Information Section 15: Regulatory Information NOTE: OSHA doesn’t monitor 12 thru 15, as these areas are not

under their jurisdiction.

Section 16: Other Information - Date of Preparation or Last Revision

Hazard Communication Program

• Who creates the Haz Com program? • Employer • Employers develop, implement and maintain

at each workplace a written hazard communication program.

Hazard Communication Program (Continued)

• Multi-employer workplaces and contractors • Employers who produce, store or use

hazardous chemicals at a workplace, in such a way that the employees of other employer(s) may be exposed, must inform the employer of such hazards.

• Contractors/Vendors who use or store hazardous chemicals must provide the site with copies of SDS sheets for those chemicals.

Hazard Communication Program (continued)

• SDS Sheets must be kept in an accessible area for ALL employees, contractors or vendors that are using, or have access to, hazardous chemicals used at the site.

• SDS Sheets should be kept in the same areas that chemicals are stored, such as in the maintenance shop, cleaning closets or areas accessible to all site staff.

• ALL employees are responsible to know where all SDS Sheets are kept and are responsible for reading said SDS sheets prior to using a hazardous chemical.

Self-Check

• Do you understand the dangers of chemicals that you work with?

• Are you familiar with the Hazard Communication Program?

• Are you able to read and understand chemical labels and SDS sheets?

• Do you know what to do in an emergency?

QUESTIONS???

Thank You!

To download a copy of this handout as a PDF for your reference, go to the NEAHMA website at:

www.neahma.org