Upload
armand
View
110
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Hazard Identification and Control. Trainer note: You have permission to make changes to this workbook file for your own personal use. You may make copies for personal use. You may not use this file for resale or other commercial purposes. (Remove this notice before you use the file ;-) . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
1 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Hazard Identification and Control
Welcome!
Trainer note: You have permission to make changes to this workbook file for your own personal use. You may make copies for personal use. You may not use this file for resale or other commercial purposes. (Remove this notice before you use the file ;-)
2 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Your Intro Page Here(Please change this image at
the...it's me! ;-)
3 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Workshop goals
• Explore the elements of an effective hazard identification and control program.
• Discuss the steps in the hazard identification and control process.
• Complete the hazard identification and control worksheet.
4 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Form Teams
5 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
IDENTIFYING HAZARDS
It takes a hazard and someone exposed to the hazard to produce an accident.
Hazard + Exposure Accident
6 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
An U
C
and it’s P !
that could cause an I
to an E .
P
I
(Extra Credit)
or
or
What is a "hazard?" Complete the sentence below.
nsafe
ondition
ractice
njury
llness
mployee
reventable
7 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
What is “Exposure?”
• How close are you to the "danger zone"?
• Physical exposure - generally arm’s length
• Environmental exposure - could be everyone in facility.
8 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
• They are specific: if you can point to a person or a thing, it's a surface symptom
• They may exist or be performed by anyone, anytime, anywhere
• They may directly cause or contribute to an incident or accident
• They likely represent the outputs of a flawed safety management system
• They are important clues revealing root causes
Conditions and behaviors are just the symptoms
9 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
• Conditions account for _____ % of all workplace accidents.
• Behaviors account for _____ % of all workplace accidents.
• Uncontrollable acts account for ____ % of all workplace accidents.
3
95
2
Conclusion: Management has some degree of control over 98% of the causes for all accidents in the workplace!
10 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
The underlying root causes must be diagnosed and treated!
System Design Defects - Missing or inadequate program development
• One or more inadequate policies, plans, programs, processes, procedures, practices
• Inadequate resources - money, time, people, materials, etc.
• Assures inadequate implementation of the safety management system
• Have the greatest positive or negative impact on the safety management system
11 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
System Performance Defects - Failure to accomplish action plans
• Managers, supervisors, or employees fail to effectively carry out safety policies, plans, processes, procedures or management practices
• They produce common hazardous conditions and/or unsafe behaviors, or
• They produce repeated unique hazardous conditions and/or unsafe behaviors
12 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
How to develop an effective safety and health checklist.
• Determine applicable state safety & health rules for the workplace.
• Review rules and use those you feel apply to your workplace.
• Develop applicable checklist questions that are not addressed in the rules.
Inspections1
Four Important Processes to Identify and Analyze Hazards
13 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Who's involved in the inspection process?
What is a major weakness inherent in the inspection process?
What process(es) can we use to overcome this weakness?
14 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Observations, informal and formal, are quite important in daily workplace safety.
• Employees and managers can spot hazardous conditions and unsafe or inappropriate behaviors while they conduct their other tasks.
Observation2
15 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
1. The Background/Introduction
2. The Findings
3. The Recommendations
4. The Conclusion/Summary
Writing Effective Inspection Reports
16 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
• Watch your language. Examples?• Keep it simple. How?• Reward appropriate performance.
Which?
How can we most effectively recognize employees for reporting hazards?
Report Identified Hazards
17 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
The Job Hazard Analysis
The process...
• Break a job or task into specific steps.
• Analyze each step for specific hazardous conditions and unsafe practices.
• Develop preventive measures in each step to eliminate or reduce the hazards.
• Integrate preventive measures into training and standard operating procedures (SOP’s).
3SAMPLE JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS WORKSHEET
Job Description: ____________________________________________________________
Step 1 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
Step 2 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
Step 3 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
Safe Job Procedure
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
SAMPLE JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS WORKSHEET
Job Description: ____________________________________________________________
Step 1 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
Step 2 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
Step 3 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
Safe Job Procedure
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
18 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Why is it important to involve the employee in the JHA process?
19 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Incident/Accident Analysis4
What are the basic steps for conducting an accident investigation?
The six-step process
Gather InformationSecure the scene
Collect facts
20 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
What are the basic steps for conducting an accident investigation?
The six-step process
Gather Information
Analyze The Facts
Secure the scene
Collect facts
Develop sequence
Determine causes
21 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
What are the basic steps for conducting an accident investigation?
The six-step process
Gather Information
Analyze The Facts
Implement Solutions
Secure the scene
Collect facts
Develop sequence
Determine causes
Recommendations
Write the report
22 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
What is the purpose of the incident/accident analysis?
23 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Be ready when accidents happen
1. Write a clear policy statement.
2. Identify those authorized to notify outside agencies
3. Designate those responsible to investigate.
4. Train all accident investigators.
5. Establish timetables for conducting the investigation and taking corrective action.
6. Identify those who will receive the report and take corrective action.
24 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Inspect to identify potential accidents
Struck-by
Struck-against
Contact-by
Contact-with
Caught-on
Caught-in
Caught-between
Fall-To-surface
Fall-To-below
Over-exertion
Bodily reaction
Over-exposure
25 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
No recognition planInadequate training plan
No accountability policy No inspection policy
No discipline procedures
No orientation process
Inadequate training
Fails to enforceLack of time
No recognition
CutsBurns
Lack
of v
isio
n
Strains
No
mis
sion
sta
tem
ent
Direct Cause of Injury
Surface Causes
RootCauses
Weed out the causes of injuries and accidents
26 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Direct Cause of injury- A harmful transfer of energy that produces injury or illness.
Surface Causes of accident - Specific hazardous conditions or unsafe behaviors that result in an accident.
Root Causes of the accident - Common behaviors and conditions that ultimately result in an accident.
27 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Probability
• Unlikely to Certain
Severity
• Other than serious -
• Serious physical harm -
• Death -
Analyze to Determine Risk
28 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Factors that increase risk• The number of employees exposed;
• The frequency and duration of exposure;
• The proximity of employees to the point of danger;
• Potential severity of the injury or illness
• Factors that require work under stress;
• Factors that increase severity;
• Lack of proper training and supervision or improper workplace design; or
• Other factors which may significantly affect the degree of probability of an accident occurring.
29 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
1. Engineering Controls - design tools, equipment, machinery, materials, facilities
Hazard + Exposure Accident
CONTROLLING HAZARDS
30 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
2. Management Controls - Attempt to limit exposure to hazards.
Hazard + Exposure Accident
31 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Why are engineering controls considered superior to management controls?
32 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Control hazards with effective education and training
When is it important to train employees?
How do we know safety education and training has been effective?
33 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
DOCUMENT SAFETY TRAINING!
Sample training certification for specific tasks
• Trainee certification
• Trainer certification
• Supervisor validation
If it isn’t in writing…it didn’t get done…
34 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Personal Protective Equipment
What might be some of the drawbacks of reliance solely on PPE to protect workers?
Interim measures
35 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Effective Maintenance Processes
Two equipment maintenance programs
1. Preventive Maintenance to make sure equipment and machinery runs safely and smoothly.
2. Corrective Maintenance to make sure equipment gets back into safe service quickly.
How can we make sure corrective maintenance is completed quickly?
36 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Hazard Tracking Procedures
Hazard Description Reported Date Correct Responsible DateNumber by Reported by Supervisor Corrected
XYZ Hazard Tracking Log
0301 Lathe #3, needs guard Smith 9/9/03 9/15/03 J ones 9/14/03
0302 Dock needs warning stripes Wilson 9/12/03 9/30/03 J ordan
37 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Plan evaluation
Team Exercise: Discuss the processes your organization uses to evaluate the safety management system.
38 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Continual improvement
Consider how the change you propose will impact elements of the safety management system.
39 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Safety management systems include critical elements:
1. Management Commitment2. Accountability3. Employee Involvement4. Hazard Identification and Control5. Incident/Accident Investigation6. Education and Training7. Plan Evaluation
40 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Successful change requires effective design and performance
Implement improvements
Monitorprocess
Adopt, abandon, or revise program
as needed
Continual feedback
Plan and develop
improvements
What will happen if a change is not carefully designed or carried out effectively?
Plan Do Study Act
41 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
THE ANALYSIS WORKSHEET Team Exercise: View photos and use the worksheet below to determine hazards, system weaknesses, accident types and costs, probability/severity, corrective actions and system improvement.
Hazard Analysis Worksheet
Describe the Hazard:
Possible Accident Type(s):
Accident Cost Estimates:
Risk:
Recommended Corrective Action(s):
Recommended System Improvement(s):
Benefits:
42 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
43 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
FINAL EXAM!
You must pass this test to receive credit for this class. Just follow these instructions, and answer the questions one at a time and as quickly as you can!
44 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Think of a number from 1 to 10
Multiply that number by 9
45 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
If the number is a 2-digit number.
Add the digits together.
Subtract 5 from that number.
46 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Determine which letter in the alphabet corresponds to the number you ended up with.
(example: 1=a, 2=b, 3=c, etc.)
47 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Think of a country that starts with that letter.
Remember the last letter of the name of that country.
48 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Think of the name of an animal that starts with that letter.
Remember the last letter in the name of that animal.
49 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Think of the name of a fruit that starts with that letter.
50 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Are you thinking of a Kangaroo in Denmark eating an Orange?
51 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
If not, you're among the 2% of the population whose minds are different enough to think of something else.
52 © Geigle Communications - Hazard Identification and Control
Let’s
Review!