Stress ManagementChapter 7Organizational Behavior: ManagingPeople and Organizations,Ninth EditionGregory Moorhead, Ricky W. GriffinThe Nature of StressStress DefinedA persons adapti!e response to a stimu"us that p"aces e#cessi!e psycho"ogica" or physica" demands on that personThe Stress $rocess %&ans Se"ye'Genera" Adaptation Syndrome %GAS'(dentifies three stages of response to a stressor) a"arm, resistance, e#haustionSources of stress Eustress: pleasurable stress accompanying positive events Distress: unpleasant stress accompanying negative eventsFigure 7.1 The Genera" Adaptation Syndrome(ndi!idua" Differences and StressType A $ersona"ity $rofi"e*#treme"y competiti!e, high"y committed to +ork, ha!e a strong sense of time urgencyType , $ersona"ity $rofi"e-ess competiti!e, "ess committed to +ork, ha!e a +eaker sense of time urgency&ardinessA persons a.i"ity to cope +ith stress/ptimismThe e#tent to +hich a person sees "ife in re"ati!e"y positi!e or negati!e terms0auses and 0onse1uences of StressMost 0ommon 0auses of Stress/rgani2ationa" stressors-ife stressorsMost 0ommon 0onse1uences of Stress(ndi!idua" conse1uences/rgani2ationa" conse1uences,urnout/rgani2ationa" StressorsWorkp"ace Stress 3actorsTask DemandsAssociated +ith the specific 4o. a person performs$hysica" DemandsAssociated +ith the 4o.s physica" setting and re1uirementsRo"e DemandsAssociated +ith the e#pected .eha!iors of a particu"ar position in a group or organi2ation(nterpersona" DemandsGroup pressures, "eadership, persona"ity conf"icts/rgani2ationa" Stressors) Ro"e DemandsRo"eA set of e#pected .eha!iors associated +ith a particu"ar position in a group or organi2ation.Ro"e StressRo"e am.iguity due to unc"ear ro"esRo"e conf"ict due to)(nterro"e conf"ict(ntraro"e conf"ict(ntersender conf"ictRo"e o!er"oad due to ro"e e#pectations e#ceeding an indi!idua"s capa.i"ities*#terna" 0auses of Stress-ife Stressors*!ents that take p"ace outside the organi2ation-ife change Any meaningful change in a persons personal or work situation-ife trauma Any upheaval in an individuals life that alters his or her attitudes, emotions or behaviors0onse1uences of Stress(ndi!idua" 0onse1uences,eha!iora"$sycho"ogica"Medica"/rgani2ationa" 0onse1uences$erformanceWithdra+a"Attitudes,urnoutManaging Stress in the Workp"ace %contd'/rgani2ationa" 0oping Strategies(nstitutiona" $rogramsDesign of 4o.s and +ork schedu"es3ostering a hea"thy +ork cu"tureSuper!ision0o""atera" $rograms/rgani2ationa" programs specifica""y created to he"p emp"oyees dea" +ith stress Stress management, health promotion, employee tness programs, career development Work5-ife -inkages3undamenta" Work5-ife Re"ationships(nterre"ationships .et+een a persons +ork "ife and persona" "ife,a"ancing Work5-ife -inkages(mportance of "ong5term !ersus short5term perspecti!esSignificance of e!a"uating tradeoffs .et+een !a"ues