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Dr. Konstantin Romanov

Head of Division

“Controls on anthropogenic emissions of methane to lower surface ozone have been identified

as ‘win–win’ situations, referring to both global cooling and warming”

COOLING EFFECT OF METHANE

Source: 5th Assesment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2013

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DIFFERENT EMISSIONS METRICS

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on the cumulative radiative forcing over a particular time horizon

the change in global mean surface temperature at a chosen point in time

Various metrics can be used to compare the contributions to climate change of emissions of different substances. No single metric can accurately compare all consequences of different emissions, and all have limitations and uncertainties

“There is now increasing focus on the Global Temperature change Potential” “The GTP metric is better suited to target-based policies”

Up to 4th IPCC report , the most common metric has been the Global Warming Potential (GWP)

Source: 5th Assesment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2013

“The uncertainty in the GWP increases with time horizon, and for the 100-year GWP of

well-mixed greenhouse gases the uncertainty can be as large as ±40%”

Global Warming Potential GWP

Global Temperature change Potential GTP

based on

IPCC‘s research on the global warming effect

“Several studies also point out that GWP is not well suited for policies with a

maximum temperature target” - like in Paris agreement

Sources: Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC (2013)

25*

(28** or 34 with ccf ***)

6 (13 with with ccf ***)

* 4 Assessment IPCC Report (value implemented in Inventories) ** 5 Assessment IPCC Report *** carbon-climate feedback

values for fossil methane for 100 years

GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL VS GLOBAL TEMPERATURE CHANGE POTENTIAL

Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

1990 1995 2001 2007 2013

500

100

6.5 7.0 7.6

21 23 28

20

56 62

72

86

1 2 3 4

84

67

GWP GTP

70

11 4*

Years

21 25

Implementation in National Inventories

* 6-13 for fossil methane

5

34

20

Years

100

GTP

GTP

GWP

GWP

GWP

4

Uncertainties in GTP arise from the same factors contributing to GWP uncertainties

GLOBAL ANNUAL NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC METHANE EMISSIONS, Mt (2000-2009)

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NATURAL METHANE EMISSIONS ANTHROPOGENIC METHANE EMISSIONS

Source: 4th and 5th Assesment Report s of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007, 2013

* Range of estimations

217 (177-284)*

Swamps

54 (33-75)

Ocean

40(8-73)

Lakes and rivers

15 Wild animals

11 (2-22)

Termites

6 (2-9) Hydrates

3 (1-5) Fires 1 (0-1)

Permafrost

89 (87-94)

Ruminants

75 (67-90) Wastes

36 (33-40) Rice 35 (32-39)

Biomass combustion

50 (36-64) (biofuel included)

Oil and gas industry

DYNAMICS OF METHANE CONCENTRATION INCREASE/DECREASE IN THE ATMOSPHERE

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Rates of methane

concentration changes in the

atmosphere

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 15

10

5

0

-5 pp

b/год

natural

~ 347 (238-484) Mt

~ 678 (542-852) Mt

total methane emissions into the atmosphere (average 2000-2009)

anthropogenic

~ 331 (304-368) Mt

Including:

~5,000 Mt

total methane in the Earth’s

atmosphere

~ 632 (592-785) Mt

methane removal from the atmosphere (average 2000-2009)

Removal mechanisms:

- ОН hydroxyl radical (tropospheric, stratospheric),

- tropospheric Cl,

- oxidation in soils.

Source: 5th Assesment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2013

METHANE EMISSIONS REGULATION IN RUSSIA

Greenhouse Gas

KPI ( ) Toxic Gas FEE Reduction in GHG Intensity

CO2-eq, %

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Methane emissions (thousand tonnes)

STATE SYSTEM

PERMITTING SUPERVISION FEE COLLECTION

LIMITATIONS OF EMISSIONS

FOR EVERY FACILITY

BY STATE BODIES

Official reporting

5 % FEDERAL BUDGET

40 % REGIONAL BUDGET

55 % MUNICIPAL BUDGET

ENVIRONMRNTAL AND TAX AUTHORITIES

(EMISSIONS MONITORING AND PAYMENT CONTROL)

2012 2013 2014 2015

3,241.3 3,382.3 3,221.8 3,302.0

All methane emissions in Russia, kt

Source: Rosstat, 2016

State Environmental bulletins http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/publications/catalog/5e901c0042cb5cc99b49bf307f2fa3f8

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METHANE EMISSIONS DETECTION, MEASUREMENT AND ELIMINATION

CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF NATURAL GAS CONСENTRATION ON COMPRESSOR STATIONS BY LASER TECHNOLOGIES

CH4

DISTANT PERIODIC MONITORING OF METHANE EMISSIONS WITH TOTAL

QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT

LOCALIZATION OF LEAKAGES BY

PORTABLE INSTRUMENTS

PERIODIC MONITORING OF

NATURAL GAS EMISSIONS

ON COMPRESSOR

STATIONS BY

HAND-HELD

CONTROL DEVICES

INSPECTION

Replacement of leaky facilities

Bandaging

Sealing of shut-off valves

DISCOVERED LEAKAGE ELIMINATION

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EVALUATING METHANE EMISSIONS AT GAZPROM FACILITIES WITH FOREIGN PARTNERS

YEAR PARTNERS SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATIONS

1995 US EPA 1 compressor station; 1 compressor shop

1996-1997 Ruhrgas (Open Grid Europe) 3 complex gas treatment plants; 2 well clusters; 3 compressor stations; 6 compressor shops; 5,000 km of linear routes of mains

2002-2003 Ruhrgas (Open Grid Europe), Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry

5 compressor stations; 10 compressor shops; 4,000 km of linear routes of mains

2004-2005 Sumitomo Corporation, Agra 1 compressor station; 3 compressor shops; 750 km of linear routes of mains; 5 pipeline branches; 5 gas distribution stations

2006, 2008 Sojitz Corporation 2 compressor stations; 4 compressor shops; 600 km of linear routes of mains; 100 valve nodes; 80 valve nodes of pipeline branches; 32 gas distribution stations, 4 gas measuring stations

2010 Global methane initiative, US EPA 162 km of gas main pipeline; 2 compressor shops; 41 valve nodes

2011 GDF-SUEZ (ENGIE) 1 compressor shop; 2 junction points

2013 Gasunie 1 shop; 10 valve nodes

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2 STATE INVENTORY SYSTEMS

activity type * IPCC coefficients

National Inventory Report (Federal Service for Hydrometeorology

and Environmental Monitoring)

Basis for accusing Russian gas industry of major leaks

Corporate Report

emission fees, CDP, scientific papers

3.4 Mt

Stationary sources of all industries (Federal State Statistic

Service, 2013)

measurements + fuel and energy balance

ACTUAL VALUES CALCULATED VALUES

12.7 Mt

Energy industry of Russia: gas sector (2013) Gazprom (2013)

1.5 Mt

41.8 Mt

All national emissions (National Inventory Report, 2013)

(for developing countries and countries in transition)

State Report

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METHANE EMISSIONS E

mis

sio

ns,

Mt

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0

199

0

199

1 19

92

199

3 19

94

19

95

199

6

199

7 19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

200

2 20

03

200

4

200

5 20

06

20

07

200

8

200

9

2010

20

11

2012

20

13

Russian GHG Inventory Submissions 2015 2016

199

0

199

1 19

92

199

3 19

94

19

95

199

6

199

7 19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

200

2 20

03

200

4

200

5 20

06

20

07

200

8

200

9

2010

20

11

2012

20

13

2014

12.6

5.8

- 53.7 % Production

Transportation, storage

Distribution

Processing Mt

Mt

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0

Em

issi

on

s, M

t

12

13

CARBON FOOTPRINT OF NATURAL GAS

CONSUMED IN CENTRAL EU GHG INTENSITY STUDY ON NATURAL GAS

DATA COLLECTION – OCTOBER 2016 REPORT – OCTOBER 2016

REPORT – NOVEMBER 2016

DELIVERY UPDATED BEST DATA TO PUBLIC

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

GAZPROM KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

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133.4 123.8 122.2 110.7 102.6

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Greenhouse gas emissions CO2-eq., mln ton

REDUCTION OF SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION FOR TECHNOLOGICAL NEEDS (RELATIVE TO 2010), %

%

8.3 12.0

15.8 17.8

ACTUAL

REDUCTION OF SPECIFIC EMISSIONS OF GREENHOUSE GASES (CO2-EQ.) (RELATIVE TO 2010), %

2011 2012 2013 2014

%

2.0 6.7

9.1

19.7

ACTUAL

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2015

31.4

25.6

0

10

20

30

0

10

20

30

KPI 3 KPI 4

2.8

5.0 7.3

9.8

12.6

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Energy-saving (cumulative), mln tce