Health Organisation

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INTRODUCTION

Health service organization, on every level,attempts to control disease and to find anderadicate those factors, which favor theprevalence of disease in the community.

India is a Union of 29 States and 6 Unionterritories. Under the Constitution of India, theStates are largely independent in matters relatingto the delivery of health care to the people. Each

State, therefore, has developed its own system ofhealth care delivery, independent of the CentralGovernment.


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DEFINITION

Health service organizations aregovernmental agencies whose purpose isto improve the physical, mental and social

well being of people. It aims at preventionof disease, preservation and promotion ofhealth through organized communityefforts.


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CLASSIFICATION OF HEALTH

ORGANIZATION OF NATION

Health organisations at centre level

Health organization at state level

Health organization at local level


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1 AT THE CENTRE

The Central responsibility consists mainly of

policy making, planning, guiding, assisting,evaluating, and coordinating the work of theState Health Ministries, so that health servicescover every part of the country, and no Statelags behind for want of these services. The health

system in India has 3 main links, i.e., Central,State and Local or peripheral.The official "organs" of the health system at the

national level consist of: Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare;

The Directorate General of Health Services; and The Central! Council of Health and Family

Welfare.


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Union Cabinet Ministry of Health & Family Welfare

Minister of State

Deputy Health Minister

Department of health Department of Family Welfare

Secretary of Health (Head) Secretary of Family Welfare (Head)

Joint Secretary of Health (Assistant) Joint Secretary of Family Welfare (Assistant)

Deputy Secretary of Health

Administrative Staff

Deputy Secretary of Family Welfare


1.UNION MINISTRY OF HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE


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2. Directorate General of Health

Services

Directorate General of

Health Services(DGHS)

Medical care &

Hospital Public Health GeneralAdministrationAdditional Directorate

G.H.S.

Deputy DirectorateG.H.S.


Additional Directorate

G.H.S.



Additional Directorate

G.H.S.




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3. CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HEALTH

CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HEALTHPolicy Making, Legislation,

Department of Family welfareCommissioner Regional Directors

Joint SecretaryDeputy Secretary

Administrative


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I. Union Ministry of Health and Family

Welfare

FUNCTIONSThe functions of the Union Health Ministry are set out in

the seventh schedule of Article 246 of the Constitutionof India under

a) The Union list and

b) The Concurrent list.Union list: The functions given in the Union list are:1. International health relations and administration of port

quarantine2. Administration of central institutes such as the All India

Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata,National Institute for the Control of CommunicableDiseases, Delhi, etc.

3. Promotion of research through research centers andother bodies


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4. Regulation and development of medical,pharmaceutical, dental and

nursing professions5. Establishment and maintenance of

drug standards

6. Census, and collection and publication ofother statistical data

7. Immigration and emigration

8. Regulation of labour in the working of

mines and oil fields and9. Coordination with States and with other

ministries for promotion of health.


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b. Concurrent list

The functions listed under the concurrent list arethe responsibility of both the Union and Stategovernments. Prevention of extension ofcommunicable diseases from one unit to

another1. Prevention of adulteration of foodstuffs

2. Control of drugs and poisons

3. Vital Statistics

4. Labour welfare5. Economic and social planning, and

6. Population control and Family Planning.


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II. Directorate General of Health

Services

FUNCTIONS:

The GENERAL functions are surveys, planning,coordination, programming and appraisal of all healthmatters in the country. The SPECIFIC functions are:

(1) International health relations and quarantine:

All the major ports in the country(Kolkata, Visakhapatnam, Chennai. Cochin, Mumbai,Kandla) and international air ports (Mumbai-SantaCruz, Kolkata-Dum Dum, Chennai - Meenambakkam,Tiruchirapaili, Delhi-Palam) are directly controlled by the

Directorate General of Health Services. The DirectorateGeneral of Health Services undertakes all matters relatingto the obtaining of assistance from International agenciesand the coordination of their activities in the country.


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(2) Control of drug standards:

The Drugs Control Organization is part of the DirectorateGeneral of Health Services, and is headed by the Drugs

Controller. Its primary function is to lay down and enforcestandards and control the manufacture and distribution ofdrugs through both Central and State GovernmentOfficers. The Drugs Act (1940) vests the CentralGovernment with the powers to test the quality ofimported drugs.

(3) Medical store depots:The Union Government runs medical store depots atMumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Karnal, Gauhati andHyderabed. These depots supply the civil medicalrequirements of the Central Government and of the

various State Governments. These depots also handlesupplies from foreign agencies. The Medical StoresOrganization endeavors to ensure the highest quality,cheaper bargain and prompt supplies.


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(4) Post graduate training:

The Directorate General of Health Services is responsiblefor the administration of national institutes, which also

provide postgraduate training to different categories ofhealth personnel. Some of these institutes are : - the AllIndia Institute of Hygiene and Public Health at Kolkata,All India Institute of Mental Health at Bangalore, Collegeof Nursing at Delhi, National Tuberculosis Institute atBangalore, National Institute of Communicable Diseasesat Delhi, Central Research Institute at Kasauli, NationalInstitute of Health and Family Welfare at Delhi, etc.

(5) Medical education:

The Central Directorate is directly in charge of thefollowing medical colleges in India: the Lady Harding, the

Maulana Azad and the medical colleges at Pond cherry,and Goa. Besides these, there are many medical collegesin the country, which are guided and supported by theCentre.


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(6) Medical Research:Medical Research in the country is organized largely through the Indian

Council of Medical Research, founded in 1911 in New Delhi. The Councilplays a significant role in aiding, promoting and coordinating scientific

research on human diseases, their causation, prevention and cure. Theresearch work is done through the Council's several permanentresearch institutes, research units, field surveys and a large number ofad-hoc research enquiries financed by the Council. It maintains CancerResearch Centre. Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Centre at Chennai, VirusResearch Centre at Poona, National Institute of Nutrition at Hyderabedand Blood Group Reference Centre at Mumbai. The funds of the Councilare wholly derived from the budget of the Union Ministry of Health.

(7) National Health Programmes:The various national health programmes for the eradication of

malaria and for the control of tuberculosis, filarial, leprosy, AIDS andother communicable diseases involve expenditure of crores of rupees.Health programmes of this kind can hardly succeed without the help ofthe Central Government. The Central Directorate plays a very importantpart in planning, guiding and coordinating all the national healthprogrammes in the country.


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(8) Central Health Education Bureau:An outstanding activity of this Bureau is the preparation of education

material for creating health awareness among the people. TheBureau offers training courses in health education to differentcategories of health workers.

(9) Health Intelligence:The Central Bureau of Health Intelligence was established in

1961 to centralize collection, compilation, analysis, evaluationand dissemination of all information on health statistics for the

nation as a whole. It disseminates epidemic intelligence toStates and international bodies. The Bureau has anEpidemiological Unit, a Health Economics Unit, a NationalMorbidity Survey Unit and a Manpower Cell.

(10) National Medical Library:The Central Medical Library of the Directorate General Health

Services was declared the National Medical Library in 1966. Theaim is to help in the advancement of medical, health andrelated sciences by collection, dissemination and exchange ofinformation.


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III. CENTRAL COUNCIL OF

HEALTH

FUNCTIONS:

The functions of the Central Council of Health are:

1. To consider and recommend broad outlines of policy inregard to matters concerning health in all its aspects suchas the provision of remedial and preventive care,environmental hygiene, nutrition, health education andthe promotion of facilities for training and research.

2. To make proposals for legislation in fields of activityrelating to medical and public health matters and to lay

down the pattern of development for the country as awhole.

3. To establish any organization or organizations invested withappropriate functions for promoting and maintainingcooperation between the Central and State Health

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Health Organisation