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Policy Guidance
Health & Safety Policy
The Manor Academy
2016/17 Academic Year
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Name of Publication Health & Safety Policy
Date of Issue 20th May 2009
Author Director of Business
Responsibility for Reviewing Plan Business Committee
Date Reviewed 11th October 2010
Date Reviewed 25th May 2011
Date Reviewed 3rd June 2012
Date Reviewed 23rd February 2015
Date Reviewed 25th February 2016
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Contents Page
1. Our Commitment to Health & Safety 4
2. Health & Safety Roles & Responsibilities 5
3. Arrangements & Procedures 12
4. Sources of Health & Safety Information 14
5. Reporting Health & Safety Concerns 16
6. Monitoring & Review 16
Appendix 1 - Local Health & Safety Standards 17 Appendix 2 - Health & Safety Legislation 24 Appendix 3 – Trade Union Representatives 25
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1. Our Commitment to Health and Safety
The Governing Body of the Manor Academy is committed to providing and maintaining a healthy and safe working environment for all its employees and other persons using its buildings and facilities or affected by its activities.
The Governing Body will take all responsible steps to ensure that the Academy complies with the law on health, safety and welfare and any other relevant regulations, approved codes of practice and guidance and ensure that:
this policy is brought to the attention of all employees
training, information and instruction is provided to enable all staff and students to perform their work safely
employees are consulted on matters relating to their health and safety at work
sufficient resources are provided to meet the commitments in this policy
where necessary the Academy will seek specialist advice to determine the risks to health and safety in the workplace and the measures required to deal with them
plant and machinery are safe and that safe systems of work are set and followed
articles and substances which may damage health are moved, stored and used safely
the workplace satisfies health, safety and welfare requirements for ventilation, temperature, lighting, first aid, sanitary, washing and rest facilities
work equipment is suitable for its intended use and that it is properly maintained and used
satisfactory precautions are taken against danger from flammable or explosive hazards, electrical equipment, noise and radiation
hazardous manual handling operations are avoided, and where they cannot be avoided, the risk of injury is minimised
protective clothing or equipment is provided, where risks are not adequately controlled by other means
appropriate safety signs are provided and maintained
certain injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences are reported to the appropriate health and safety enforcing authorities
Details of how the Academy will manage its health & safety obligations are given in this policy. The Governing Body requires the support of all employees to enable the maintenance of high standards of health and safety in all the Academy’s activities.
The effectiveness of this policy will be reviewed at regular intervals.
Signed Signed Neil Melton Donna Trusler Chair of the Board of Directors Principal
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2. Health & Safety Roles & Responsibilities
Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
The Governing Body
To oversee, monitor and review the effectiveness of the Academy’s health and safety arrangements
Ensuring that there is an effective and enforceable policy for the provision of health and safety throughout the Academy which is reviewed periodically to reflect changes in organisation, arrangements and legislation;
Ensuring that sufficient funding is allocated in the Academy budget to enable the Academy to meet its health and safety commitments;
Scrutinising and regularly reviewing health and safety arrangements and implement new arrangements where necessary;
Principal Overall and final responsibility for health and safety
Ensuring the requirements of the Occupier’s Liability Act 1957/1984 is complied with;
Ensuring that responsibilities for health, safety and welfare are properly assigned and accepted at all levels;
Appointing an appropriate competent member of staff to promote, support & lead health and safety in the Academy, and ensure that appropriate specialist advice and backup is available to the Academy to enable it to meet all legal requirements;
Prioritising action on health and safety matters where resources are required from the Academy budget, seeking further advice where necessary and ensuring that action is taken;
Reporting to the Department for Education any hazards which the Academy is unable to rectify from its own budget;
Cooperating with and providing necessary facilities for trade union safety representatives;
Participating in regular health and safety auditing arrangements and ensuring audit
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Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
action plans are implemented;
Taking into account any recommendations made by the Health and Safety Executive with regard to health and safety issues at the Academy;
Note: in the absence of the Principal these responsibilities fall to the Director of Business
Leadership Team To act as health and safety champions
Promoting high standards of health and safety within those areas for which they have leadership responsibility;
Agreeing any inputs and resources required to support the work corporately;
Director of Business
To promote, support and lead on the management of health and safety
Promoting best practice in relation to health and safety;
Seeking specialist advice on health and safety which the Academy may not feel competent to deal with;
Ensuring that termly health, Safety and Standards Inspections (HSSI) are carried out;
Ensuring that remedial action is taken following health and safety inspections;
Ensuring that information received on health and safety matters is passed to the appropriate people;
To advise Governors, Leadership Team and Strand Leaders on the financial, legal, human resource and corporate policy implications of any health and safety matters affecting the Academy;
Assessing the insurance requirements for the Academy;
Advising Leadership Team and Business Committee on health and safety matters;
Attend Health and Safety Training Courses as appropriate
Promoting health and safety matters throughout the Academy and assisting the Principal in the implementation of the Academy’s Health and Safety Procedures;
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Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
Ensuring that correct accident reporting procedures are followed and that where appropriate accidents are investigated;
Participating in any Health and Safety Audits;
Providing health and safety induction training for staff as required;
Keeping staff health and safety training records up to date;
Ensuring that all statutory inspections are completed and records kept;
Ensuring that the health and safety policy and other relevant health and safety documentation is brought to the attention of all employees;
Ensuring that emergency drills and procedures are carried out regularly and monitored for effectiveness;
Having responsibility for the oversight and management of site security;
Leading on the development and implementation of emergency planning and business continuity procedures for the Academy;
Environment Manager
Ensuring the campus, its associated environs, its buildings and contents are safe and effectively secured
Monitoring contractors and ensuring that only competent, approved contractors are engaged to work at the Academy;
Ensuring contractors engaged to work on site consult the Asbestos Register
Ensuring that fire detection, intruder, emergency lighting and other premises related safety systems are routinely tested, serviced and adequately maintained;
Coordinating front line premises support in response to the activation of the Academy Emergency Plan and liaise closely with the Director of Business and
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Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
Principal;
Coordinating out of hours standby and call out arrangements for the academy (including the MSRC) in response to intruder and fire alarms activation/ other emergencies as required to ensure the safety, security and operational integrity of the Academy premises;
Maintaining a safe and comfortable working environment for all site users;
Identifying hazards, defects and dangerous occurrences that may affect the safety of site users and/or the efficient operation of the Academy and implementing make safe procedures as appropriate;
Ensuring that buildings, grounds and equipment are clean, inspected and well maintained;
Ensuring follow up and remedial action is taken following health and safety inspections
Ensuring that plant & other environmental control systems (especially relating to heating, lighting and ventilation) are effectively operated and maintained.
Coordinating and monitoring all premises related maintenance/service contracts and licences that are required to comply with statutory regulations and the completion of official returns as required;
Ensuring that Health and Safety Manuals and associated Logs (fire, asbestos, legionella etc) are kept up to date;
First Aiders & Appointed Persons
To provide first aid to employees, students, visitors & contractors
Maintaining first aid rooms within your operational area if available;
Ensuring that sufficient first aid equipment and supplies are kept within your operational area;
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Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
To call & liaise with the emergency services where appropriate;
Same day recording of details of accidents and incidents dealt with on the ‘Well Worker’ Online Accident & Incident Reporting System;
Administering medicines where applicable in accordance with statutory guidelines
Off Site Education Visits Co-coordinator
To lead and manage the off-site educational visits system
Ensuring that off-site education visit procedures are followed and that these are made known to all staff;
Training and supporting trip leaders and assistants where appropriate;
Ensuring appropriate procedures for authorisation of Academy off site education visits is followed;
Advising staff on all health and safety issues regarding visits including licensing of vehicles and policy regulations;
Strand Leaders and Function Managers
To ensure that health & safety is managed effectively within their department
The day to day management of health and safety within their department in accordance with the health and safety policy;
Drawing up and regularly reviewing departmental policies, procedures and risk assessments;
Monitoring the purchase and maintenance of equipment and materials for your department to ensure that it complies with current health and safety standards;
Carrying out regular health and safety monitoring inspections of the department and making reports to the Principal and Director of Business where appropriate;
Ensuring follow up and remedial action is taken following health and safety inspections;
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Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
To pass on health and safety information received to the appropriate people;
To undertake investigations into incidents, near misses and accidents including management action to minimise the risk of future recurrence and to record details of such incidents, etc. on the ‘Well Worker’ Online Accident & Incident Reporting System;
To establish the health & safety training requirements of employees within their Department and arranging for appropriate training to be provided;
To work with the Director of Business in assessing the Academy’s insurance requirements
Note: in the absence of the Strand Leader/Function Manager these responsibilities fall to the Deputy Strand Leader/ Deputy Function Manager
Business Risk Group
To ensure that the strategic actions & processes identified within the Risk Management Strategy are fully implemented
To identify areas of overlapping risk;
Implement the ‘Strategy Implementation Plan’ and produce ‘Risk Reduction Action Plans’ as required to address those risks with a ‘Risk Rating’ of 10 or more;
To share good practice on all aspects of risk management;
To assist the Leadership Team in the preparation, ongoing development and review of the Academy’s Risk Management Strategy;
To encourage and promote the reduction of risks within the Academy’s services, activities and functions for the benefit of all Academy stakeholders;
To identify any dedicated inputs and resources required to support the integration of risk management into the work of the Academy;
To prepare, monitor and review the Academy’s Strategic Risk Register;
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Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
To identify and communicate risk management issues to Strands including the development of internal standards and procedures, documentation and reporting arrangements for the management of risk;
To assist Strands in undertaking risk management activity through training and/or direct support;
To liaise as appropriate with external agencies in identifying and managing risk;
To review the findings of any investigations into incidents, near misses and accidents including management action to minimise the risk of future recurrence;
To report on risk management issues and prepare ‘Risk Management Monitoring Reports’ to the Leadership Team and Business Committee as appropriate;
To review claims history so as to provide information to assist in negotiating Academy insurance cover in liaison with the Director of Business;
Active and reactive monitoring of health and safety matters within the Academy including health and safety inspection reports and accident reports;
Nottinghamshire County Council
To support the Academy and its activities, services and functions in the effective development, implementation and review of Health & Safety
Providing quality assurance on the management of health & safety across the Academy;
Proving information, advice & guidance on health & safety;
Act as competent person;
Employees Taking reasonable care for their own personal health and safety and that of other employees, students contractors, customers and visitors
Liaising with their line manager/supervisor to asses’ areas of risk in their job and identify new or changing risks;
To ensure that the skills and knowledge passed to them are used effectively;
To attend any health & safety relating training as required;
To liaise as appropriate with external agencies in identifying and managing health &safety;
Checking classrooms/work areas are safe;
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Group / Individual Role Responsibilities
Checking equipment is safe before use;
Ensuring safe working procedures are followed;
Cooperating with the Governors, Principal and Director of Business on all matters relating to health and safety;
Not intentionally or recklessly interfering with or misusing any equipment or fittings provided in the interests of health safety and welfare;
Reporting immediately to the Principal, Director of Business, Strand Leader or Function Manager any serious or immediate danger;
Reporting to the Principal, Director of Business, Strand Leader or Function Manager any shortcomings in the arrangements for health and safety;
Ensuring that they only use equipment or machinery which they are competent to use or have been trained to use;
Participating in health and safety inspections and health and safety related meetings where appropriate;
Be aware of their responsibilities in respect of the Academy’s Risk Management Strategy, Emergency Plan, Buildings Emergency Evacuation Procedure, Security Plan & any other health & safety instructions, guidance, procedures or arrangements that may be introduced by the Academy.
3. Arrangements & Procedures 3.1 Risk Management Strategy
The Academy has developed a Risk Management Strategy which takes a more systematic approach to the identification, evaluation and control of all those risks that the Academy faces.
A Business Risk Group (BRG) has been established to ensure that the strategic actions & processes identified within the risk management strategy are fully implemented operationally. The group will meet at least once a term and comprise of the following core people:
Principal Chair of Governors Chair and Vice Chair of the Business Committee
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Director of Business (Chair) e Business Systems Manager Environment Manager Student Wellbeing Manager
Others are invited as and when required.
The Strategy also proposes that a ‘Strategic Risk Register’ (SRR) be developed and maintained by the BRG that identifies all those key risks faced by the Academy. Each strategic risk will be risk assessed using the methodology prescribed within the strategy.
The BGR will oversee production of ‘Risk Reduction Action Plans’ (RAP) for each risk with an initial risk score of 10 or more. The RAP identifies additional control measures designed to eliminate the risk or reduce it to an acceptable level together with timescales and the people responsible for implementing the agreed actions on the ground.
All employees should be aware of the requirements of the Risk Management Strategy which sets out individual responsibilities for the control and management of risks at work. 3.2 Emergency Incident Management Plan Parents trust schools to keep their children safe during the day. Thanks to the efforts of school staff and governors, schools normally remain a safe haven for children. However, schools can become involved in an emergency at any time. Thankfully, serious incidents such as these are rare and will probably never happen in most schools, but it is vital to prepare for all eventualities. Good emergency management can save lives. It can also prevent escalation, protect against litigation and enhance the school’s standing as a reliable and effective institution, giving confidence to staff, parents and pupils. The Emergency Incident Management Plan will usually be activated when: a) an event or incident threatens the safety of children and/or staff, the campus, or a crisis which might affect the public reputation of the Academy, b) the Principal considers that the Academy will benefit from receiving additional (external) support c) where the local community is affected by an emergency. Emergencies are likely to fall within one of the following categories:
Fire Bomb Alert Serious Gas or Water Leak Major Electrical Fault Serious Chemical Spillage Major Storm or Flood Damage Persons Threatening Violence on Site Dangerous Animal(s) on Site
The plan provides generic guides to actions that should be considered by the Principal or their nominated deputy, and the School Emergency Incident Management Team (SEIMT) in case of an emergency at the Academy or the local community, or on an educational visit. It also provides supporting information.
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The plan covers procedures for an incident occurring in school time and out of school hours, weekends and during school holidays. 3.3 Buildings Emergency Evacuation Plan The Academy has developed and regularly tests its procedure for the emergency evacuation of its buildings. The aim of the plan is to ensure that all site users are clear about what to do in the event of an emergency evacuation as a result of fire or some other significant hazard (e.g. bomb threat, major building defect). 3.4 Security Plan The Security Plan sets out the measures by which the Academy intends to secure and protect its assets and keep site users safe. Money that is spent on repairing or replacing buildings, fixtures and fittings as a result of vandalism and criminal damage and on replacing items of equipment due to theft means that less resources will be available to provide learning materials and other essential items of expenditure. The most common crimes on school sites are vandalism/malicious damage, theft, and arson. Good security generally involves a combination of physical, electronic and procedural measures. However, no amount of physical or electronic security will totally eliminate the risk of criminal attack, but security improvements greatly decrease the risk of criminal damage by increasing the degree of difficulty for, and the risk of detection of, the criminals. 3.5 Travel Plan The Academy’s travel plan puts forward a package of measures to improve safety and reduce car use on the journey to and from school. It is based on consultation with teachers, parents, pupils and governors and other local people and is backed by a partnership involving the Academy, education and transport officers from the local authority, the police and the health authority. 3.6 New Starter Induction Programme The Academy is committed to ensuring that all new starters, whatever the job role they perform within Academy, undertakes a structured and comprehensive induction and orientation programme that is appropriate to their specific duties & responsibilities to ensure that they are able to provide a safe and efficient service. 3.7 Reporting Defects, Breakdowns, Failures, Faults and Damage Any defects, breakdowns, failures, faults or damage which is likely to create a health & safety risk are to be reported to the Environment Team via email [email protected] . In the event of an emergency situation requiring immediate assistance by the Environment Team (e.g. burst pipe, hazard or other dangerous occurrence) then you may call the school reception (using the emergency number which is extension 256) who will contact the team via the two way radio system.
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4. Sources of Health & Safety Information Health & Safety Executive (HSE) The HSE’s job is to protect people against risks to health or safety arising out of work activities.
For further information go to the Health and Safety Executive website: www.hse.gov.uk
There are a range of tool box http://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/index.htm Employment Medical Advisory Service (EMAS) EMAS is an integral part of HSE and is staffed by specialist occupational health professionals, both doctors and nurses. They are available to give expert advice on medical matters relating to work to a wide range of organisations and individuals. This includes employers, employees, trade unions, all Directorates in HSE, Local Authority environmental health officers and also other health care professionals. The contact details for the HSE’s local area office covering Nottinghamshire are:
City Gate West, Level 6 (First Floor), Toll House Hill, NOTTINGHAM NG1 5AT
Telephone: 0115 971 2800 Fax: 0115 971 2802
Institute of Occupational Safety & Health (IOSH) IOSH is Europe's leading body for health and safety professionals. As an independent and not-for-profit organisation, we aim to regulate and steer the profession, maintaining standards and providing impartial, authoritative guidance on health and safety issues.
For further information go to the IOSH website: http://www.iosh.co.uk/
CLEAPPS CLEAPSS is an advisory service providing support in science and technology for a consortium of local authorities and their schools including establishments for pupils with special needs. CLEAPPS services cover health & safety, risk assessment, sources and use of chemicals, living organisms and equipment. CLEAPSS also provides advice on technicians & their jobs, as well as the design of laboratories and facilities & fittings for D&T and science rooms.
For further information go to the CLEAPPS website: http://www.cleapss.org.uk/
Nottinghamshire County Council The County Council’s health & safety team provides training, information, advice & guidance on all health & safety matters affecting schools. The contact details for Health & Safety team are:
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The Health & Safety Team Lawn View House, 40 Station Road, Sutton-in-Ashfield NG1 7 5GA
Telephone: 01623 434032 or 434033 Fax: 01623 434100
Email: [email protected]
The Manor Academy The Academy has a Health & Safety folder located on its network which contains a library of information, guidance and procedure documents that all employees can access. In addition the Director of Business has a number of Health & Safety reference documents which can be loaned on request. 5. Reporting Health & Safety Concerns Employees are expected to give all possible assistance in maintaining a healthy and safe working environment, and particularly to take reasonable care for their own and others' safety. Stage 1 - If you think there is a health and safety problem in your workplace you should first discuss it with your Line Manager Stage 2 - If you are dissatisfied with the outcome of the discussion with your line manager, you should report the matter to the appropriate Safety Representative or Trade Union Representative, who will advise and assist you as required (For details of Trade Union representatives see appendix 3). Stage 3 - If the matter is urgent and remains unresolved then you should report and explain the matter to the Director of Business who will investigate and communicate appropriately with you. Stage 4 - If the matter remains unresolved and/or you continue to be aggrieved, the matter will be referred to the Principal by the Director of Business. Stage 5 - If local resolution of the matter proves impossible, the matter may be referred to the Health and Safety Inspector (HSE) by the Principal. You or your safety representative can get information on health and safety in confidence by calling the HSE. Remember, the HSE is not responsible for enforcing health and safety in all workplaces. If you do wish to report your concern to HSE please complete their online reporting form https://extranet.hse.gov.uk/lfserver/external/comp1
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If you are not able to use this online form then you can raise your concern by email: [email protected] or by phoning their Concerns Team on 0300 0031647 during office hours, 8.30am – 5.00pm, Monday - Friday. 6. Monitoring & Review
The Business Committee will oversee, monitor and review the effectiveness of the Academy’s health & safety policy on behalf of the Governing Body.
In recognition of the dynamic nature of health & safety, this policy will also be reviewed every 18 months to ensure its continuing relevance to prevailing Academy structures and activities or earlier if there is a relevant change in health and safety legislation.
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Appendix 1 - Local Health & Safety Standards
Accident Reporting
All accidents, injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences must be reported to your Strand Leader/ Function Manager at the earliest opportunity, and a report made on the online Accident & Incident Reporting System called ‘Wellworker’. In cases of very serious injury, accidents and dangerous occurrences, the appropriate line manager or supervisor must inform the Principal or Director of Business immediately by telephone.
Administering Medicines
There is no legal duty, which requires Academy staff to administer medication; this is a voluntary role. Wherever possible, parents/carers should try to have their child’s medication prescribed in dose frequencies which enable it to be taken outside school hours or were students can sel administer. When this is not possible and students require their medication to be administered in school by staff then the following guidelines should be followed:
Academy staff will only give prescribed medication to students and only after prior written agreement with parents/carers has been obtained.
This written agreement should include from the parents/carers full information of their child’s medical needs.
Once the Academy has the information about the child’s medical needs it will then decide whether it has a volunteer member of staff who will administer the necessary medication. Before administering any medication parents/carers need to be aware of exactly what support the Academy can provide for their child.
Parents/carers are responsible for ensuring the medication is in school. The prescribed medication to be administered will be kept in a secure location. Detailed records will be kept about which students are to be given medication, the
dose, the location and the time the medication is to be given. Records will also be kept of medication administered. Each medication will be clearly labeled with the student’s name, the name and dose of
the medication and frequency of administration. It is the responsibility of the student to arrive at the correct place at the correct time
for the medication to be administered. Staff will not be expected to chase students who do not turn up for their medication.
If a student refuses their medication, staff will not force them to take it but will inform parents/carers of what has happened.
The school will inform parents/carers if the student does not turn up to take their medication.
Academy staff should not dispose of medicines. Parents/carers should collect medicines held at school.
The Academy will allow students to manage their own medication providing they have been informed by the parents/carers that this is happening and that a parental/carers consent form has been signed highlighting what medication it is and for how long it is to be managed by their child.
The Academy will make available to staff any necessary training required to administer the agreed medication.
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Asbestos
As long as asbestos is in good condition and is not disturbed or damaged there is negligible risk. However, if it is disturbed or damaged, it can become a danger to health, because asbestos fibres are released into the air and people may breathe them in. Although it is now illegal to use asbestos in the construction or refurbishment of any premises, at lot of it was used in the past in such things as:
lagging on plant and pipework insulation products such as fireproof panels asbestos cement roofing material sprayed coatings on structural steel work to insulate against fire and noise
Some of the Academy’s older buildings have Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) still in place, all of the high risk ACM has been removed. However, buildings constructed after 2000 are unlikely to contain asbestos materials. Do not disturb the asbestos. It is only dangerous when disturbed. If it is safely managed and contained, it doesn’t present a health hazard. The Academy will not remove asbestos unnecessarily as this can be more dangerous than leaving it in place and managing it. The Academy will make use of information gathered from its asbestos site survey that identifies the location, type and condition of ACM. Such information has been recorded on a risk register and will be relayed to staff, contractors and occupiers as necessary to ensure the Health, Safety and Welfare of all persons. Only persons who have received adequate information, instruction and training will be authorised to carry out sampling, encapsulation and removal work involving ACM. Where the presence of ACM is found or strongly suspected, a hierarchy of control measures will be followed;
Any asbestos products that are undamaged (as determined by a suitably qualified person on an individual basis) which do not constitute a hazard, may remain in place but their condition must be monitored on a regular basis by the Environment Manager.
If the material is slightly damaged, but otherwise in a sound condition (as determined by a suitably qualified person on an individual basis) or located in such a position that it may present a future risk to health if it is left untreated, it may be repaired and/or sealed by an approved method and periodically re-inspected by the Environment Manager to ensure its condition has not deteriorated. All work carried out must be recorded in the register/survey.
If the material is in such a condition that it presents a risk to health (as determined by a suitably qualified person on an individual basis), or may be disturbed by maintenance work, it should be removed by an approved method.
Boiler/ Plant Rooms
Boiler/ Plant rooms should be maintained to a good standard of housekeeping; the storage of materials and equipment (particularly hazardous and flammable substances) not associated with the
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working of the boilers/plant is not permitted. Unrestricted access should be maintained around the boiler/plant rooms at all times. Doors to such rooms should always be kept locked when not in use.
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH)
Many materials or substances used or created at work could harm your health. These substances could be dusts, gases or fumes that you breathe in, or liquids, gels or powders that come into contact with your eyes or skin. There could also be harmful micro-organisms present that can cause infection, an allergic reaction or are toxic. Harmful substances can be present in anything from paints and cleaners to flour dust, solder fume, blood or waste. Ill health caused by these substances used at work is preventable. Many substances can harm health but, used properly, they almost never do. The law requires the Academy to adequately control exposure to materials in the workplace that cause ill health. This is the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) and means:
identifying which harmful substances may be present in the workplace deciding how staff might be exposed to them and be harmed looking at what measures you have in place to prevent this harm and deciding whether you
are doing enough providing information, instruction and training in appropriate cases, providing health surveillance
A register and associated risk assessments of all chemicals & other substances considered hazardous to health must be undertaken by the Strand Leader/ Function Manager or their nominated deputy and adequate control measures put in place including safe storage, use & disposal.
Contractors
The Academy has a responsibility to ensure that contractors are competent, adequately insured, and are able to carry out their work in a way that poses no risk of injury to anyone in the vicinity including pupils, staff and visitors. The responsibility for engaging and supervising contractors lies with the Environment Manager under the guidance of the Director of Business to ensure the following:
That the contractors Public Liability insurance is in place and current. That constant checks are made to ensure that risk control measures such as fencing
off areas of work or working at height procedures are in place. That all contractors sign in and out from site That the supervision of the contractor’s work is undertaken regularly. That the contractor is made aware of the presence of asbestos
Control of Legionella in Hot & Cold Water Systems
Legionnaires’ disease is a potentially fatal form of pneumonia and everyone is susceptible to infection. The risk increases with age but some people are at higher risk including:
people over 45 years of age smokers and heavy drinkers people suffering from chronic respiratory or kidney disease diabetes, lung and heart disease anyone with an impaired immune system
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Legionella bacteria are widespread in natural water systems, e.g. rivers and ponds. However, the conditions are rarely right for people to catch the disease from these sources. Outbreaks of the illness occur from exposure to legionella growing in purpose-built systems where water is maintained at a temperature high enough to encourage growth, e.g. cooling towers, evaporative condensers, hot and cold water systems and spa pools used in all sorts of premises (work and domestic). People contract Legionnaires’ disease by inhaling small droplets of water (aerosols), suspended in the air, containing the bacteria. Certain conditions increase the risk from legionella if:
the water temperature in all or some parts of the system may be between 20-45 °C, which is suitable for growth
it is possible for breathable water droplets to be created and dispersed e.g. aerosol created by a cooling tower, or water outlets
water is stored and/or re-circulated there are deposits that can support bacterial growth providing a source of nutrients for the
organism e.g. rust, sludge, scale, organic matter and biofilms The Environment Manager will ensure that an up to date risk assessment and management plan is in place that:
ensures that the release of water spray is properly controlled avoids water temperatures and conditions that favour the growth of legionella and other
micro-organisms ensures water cannot stagnate anywhere in the system by keeping pipe lengths as short as
possible or removing redundant pipework avoid materials that encourage the growth of legionella keep the system and the water in it clean treat water to either control the growth of legionella (and other microorganisms) or limit their
ability to grow monitor any control measures applied keep records of these and other actions taken, such as maintenance or repair work
Display Screen Equipment
The regulations apply to all staff that use display screen equipment for a significant proportion of their work, typically for two of more hours per day. Strand Leaders/ Function Managers are responsible for their respective areas, under the guidance of the e Business Systems Manager, for the following:
assessing the risks arising from workstations reviewing the assessment periodically reducing risks as far as is reasonably practicable
Electrical Safety
The main hazards of working with electricity are: electric shock and burns from contact with live parts injury from exposure to arcing, fire from faulty electrical equipment or installations explosion caused by unsuitable electrical apparatus or static electricity igniting flammable
vapours or dusts, for example in a spray paint booth Electric shocks can also lead to other types of injury, for example by causing a fall from
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ladders or scaffolds etc.
The Academy’s fixed electrical installations are independently checked & tested every 5 years and portable electrical appliances are independently tested every 12 months. Any portable electrical equipment brought in by any person for use in the Academy must have evidence of current PAT pass test. It is the responsibility of all staff to report immediately any faulty mains electrical supply, outlet or fixed electrical equipment to the Environment Manager and to withdraw from use any faulty portable electrical equipment and report this condition to the relevant Strand Leader/ Function Manager. Unless a constant electrical supply is a necessity, all electrical appliances should be switched off at the mains (not kept on standby) when not in use. The use of multi-outlet extensions should be kept to a minimum. When portable electrical equipment is used in hazardous locations a Residual Current Device (RCD) is required. Strand Leaders/ Functional Managers are to ensure that staff know how to use the electrical equipment safely. Make sure enough sockets are available and that socket outlets are not overloaded by using unfused adaptors as this can cause fires. Ensure there are no trailing cables that can cause people to trip or fall. Switch off and unplug appliances before cleaning or adjusting them. Ensure you look for electrical wires, cables or equipment near where they are going to work and check for signs warning of dangers from electricity, or any other hazard. Checks should be made around the job, and remember that electrical cables may be within walls, floors and ceilings (especially when drilling into these locations) etc. Stop using equipment immediately if it appears to be faulty; have it checked by a competent person. Ensure any electrical equipment brought to work by staff or students, or any hired or borrowed, is suitable for use before using it and remains suitable by being maintained as necessary. Consider using a residual current device (RCD) between the electrical supply and the equipment, especially when working outdoors, or within a wet or confined place.
Equipment
All equipment used in the Academy is to be suitably maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Instruction manuals should be kept by the relevant Strand Leader/ Function Manager and referred to as required. Strand Leaders/ Functional Managers need to ensure that staff are suitably trained in the use of the equipment they are using or instructing on. Specialist Design & technology, PE, Expressive Arts and Science equipment should be inspected annually by a competent person, accessible records kept and any remedial actions identified dealt with as a matter of urgency.
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Fire Safety
All staff and pupils should be aware of the dangers of fire. Fire doors must be checked regularly for satisfactory operation. Corridors, fire doors and other escape routes should always be left clear of obstruction. Weekly function tests of the Academy’s fire detection & warning system (FDWS) including emergency ‘break glass’ alarm call points will be carried out by the Environment Manager. A full system inspection should be undertaken every 3 months by an independent competent person and recorded in the Academy Fire Log. Firefighting equipment should also be independently checked every 12 months by an independent competent person and recorded in the Fire Log. Monthly function tests of the school’s emergency lighting system will be carried out by the Premises Supervisor in respect of the Manor & Forest FDWS operating areas and the MSRC Duty Manager with premises responsibility for the MSRC FDWS operating area. A full system inspection should be undertaken every 12 months by an independent competent person and recorded in the appropriate Fire Log. Evacuation drills will be held once a term and recorded in the Fire Log.
First Aid
Gas Safety
If gas appliances, such as ovens, cookers and boilers, are not properly installed and maintained, there is a danger of fire, explosion, gas leaks and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Work on any gas fittings must be carried out by someone on the Gas Safe Register who is qualified to work on gas appliances. The Environment Manager will always use a competent engineer to install, maintain or repair gas appliances and ensure that gas pipework, appliances and flues are regularly maintained Staff should check that all rooms with gas appliances have adequate ventilation – don’t block air inlets to prevent draughts, and don’t obstruct flues and chimneys. If you suspect a leak, turn off the supply and immediately call the National Gas Emergency Service on 0800 111 999 for natural gas. If in doubt, evacuate the building. Do not turn a gas supply back on until a leak has been dealt with by a competent person
Glass
All replacement glass must comply with the current regulations (as a guide low level glass and glass adjacent to doors must be of laminated safety quality).
Hand Arm Vibration
Hand-arm vibration (HAV) can be caused by operating hand-held power tools, such as road breakers,
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and hand-guided equipment, such as powered lawnmowers, or by holding materials being processed by hand-fed machines, such as pedestal grinders. Occasional exposure is unlikely to cause ill health. Hand-arm vibration syndrome is a painful and disabling condition that affects the nerves, blood vessels, muscles and joints of the hands and arms. It causes tingling and numbness in the fingers, reduces grip strength and the sense of touch, and affects the blood circulation (vibration white finger, also known as VWF). Strand Leaders/ Functional Managers must assess the vibration risk to their staff to identify if there is a problem and put in place appropriate control measures to counter the risks by:
Identify hazardous machines, tools and processes, especially those which cause tingling or numbness in the hands after a few minutes’ use
If possible, doing the job another way without using high-vibration equipment, e.g. rotary hammers, powered pedestrian-controlled mowers, hand-fed forging hammers etc.
Asking about likely vibration levels for the way you use equipment before deciding on which new tool or machine to buy or hire
Providing suitable tools designed to cut down vibration
Making sure staff use the right tool for the job and are trained to use it correctly
Making sure machines (including tools) are maintained as recommended by the manufacturer to prevent vibration increasing – check their sharpness, the condition of abrasive wheels, and anti-vibration mounts etc. where fitted
Checking whether the job can be altered to reduce the grip or pressure needed
Hot Weather Working
Staff exposed to sun/high temperatures for long periods may be at risk from heatstroke, sunburn, heat exhaustion and ultimately skin cancers. Heatstroke and heat exhaustion is more likely to occur when heavy physical work is being undertaken. It can be an extremely serious condition and staff should be encouraged to seek medical assistance should they be affected. To help avoid these affects, the following aspects should be considered for all outdoor workers: • Outdoor working hours should be kept as short as is reasonably practicable in extreme heat or
when UV exposure is highest in the middle of the day. • Rest periods should be taken in a cool place. • Clothing should be loose enough to allow body heat to escape, and be made of natural fibres
where possible Plenty of cool, clean water should be made available to replace water lost through sweating. Bare skin should be covered with lightweight but tight weave clothing. Sunhats should be worn wherever possible during outside activities. (Hard hats worn for
safety would take preference). Consideration should be given to the need for sunscreens, of at least 25SPF (Sun Protection
Factor), on any part of the body that cannot be covered up. Consideration should be given to scheduling work to minimise exposure. Staff should check their skin regularly for any unusual moles or spots. See a doctor promptly if
you find anything that is changing in shape, size or colour, itching or bleeding.
Ionising Radiations
Radiation is generally classed as either ‘ionising’ or ‘non-ionising’, with the former generally having more energy than the latter.
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These include X-rays, gamma rays and particulate radiation (alpha, beta and neutron radiation) produced from X-ray sets or radioactive substances. Exposure to ionising and UV radiation can damage DNA and can cause health effects, such as cancer, later in life. The risks are small for low levels of exposure but exposure to high levels of ionising and non-ionising radiations can cause acute effects such as burns, tissue and organ damage. They are typically used in medical exposures, industrial radiography equipment and gauges used in industry for process control, but may also be produced from naturally occurring radioactive substances, including radon gas. Low level radioactive emitting sources are used in Science lessons. The Strand Leader responsible for this aspect of the curriculum (or their nominated person) must ensure that such substances are correctly stored, logged and used. The Environment manager will ensure that the campus is checked for Radon emissions and take remedial action as required.
Lettings and Bookings by the Community
For all lettings held in the buildings and grounds the Manor Sports and Recreation Centre Manager is responsible for the following and should:
liaise with the Environment Manager regarding organisation and requirements ensure Health and Safety, and Emergency Evacuation details are issued with all
booking confirmations abide by the predetermined restrictions on numbers for any given location apply the Academy no smoking policy as appropriate
Lifting Operations & Lifting Equipment
Lifting equipment used for either lifting people or goods should be tested at set intervals, the intervals are:
12 months for equipment used to lift goods 6 months for equipment used to lift people
Local Extract Ventilation Systems
Local extract ventilation such as the fume cupboards in Science and dust extraction in Design & Technology should be tested at intervals of 14 months.
Lone Working
Working alone is not in itself against the law and it will often be safe to do so.
Minibus Safety & Welfare
Only drivers with the appropriate "permit to drive" are allowed to drive and long journeys must be planned to include rest breaks for the driver. Currently, the Academy does not own a minibus.
Manual Handling
Manual handling causes over a third of all workplace injuries. These include work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as pain and injuries to arms, legs and joints, and repetitive
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strain injuries of various sorts. The term manual handling covers a wide variety of activities including lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling and carrying. If any of these tasks are not carried out appropriately there is a risk of injury. To help prevent manual handling injuries in the workplace, you should avoid such tasks as far as possible. However, where it is not possible to avoid handling a load, employers must look at the risks of that task and put sensible health and safety measures in place to prevent and avoid injury. For any lifting activity always take into account:
Individual capability
The nature of the load
Environmental conditions
Training
Work organisation
Do you have the appropriate footwear and work wear for the task in hand
Consider whether you can use a lifting aid, such as a forklift truck, electric or hand-powered hoist, or a conveyor
Think about storage as part of the delivery process – maybe heavy items could be delivered directly, or closer, to the storage area
Reduce carrying distances where possible If you need to lift something manually
Reduce the amount of twisting, stooping and reaching
Avoid lifting from floor level or above shoulder height, especially heavy loads
Adjust storage areas to minimise the need to carry out such movements
Consider how you can minimise carrying distances
Assess the weight to be carried and whether the worker can move the load safely or needs any help – maybe the load can be broken down to smaller, lighter components
Mobile Phones
The law makes it an offence for an employer to cause or permit someone to use a handheld mobile phone whilst using a vehicle. Accordingly, staff cannot be expected to use a handheld phone whilst driving. According to the Medical Devices Agency, mobile phones can have an adverse effect on implanted pacemakers (not temporary pacemakers). On individual patients, a mobile phone should remain at least six inches away from an implanted pacemaker, and should not be carried in a pocket over the area.
New or Expectant Mothers at Work
Many women work while they are pregnant and may return to work while they are still breastfeeding. Some hazards in the workplace may affect the health and safety of the new and expectant mothers and their child(ren). Therefore, working conditions normally considered acceptable may no longer be so during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. Hazards to Look for When Undertaking Risk Assessments for New and Expectant Mothers
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Biological - Those designated by the Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens to be in Hazard Groups 2, 3 and 4 (affecting the foetus or causing abortion). Chemical - 200 or so substances such as mercury an derivatives, cytotoxic drugs (affecting genetic information), some pesticides carbon monoxide, lead and derivatives covered by the risk phrases; “possible risk of irreversible effect” “may cause cancer” “may cause hereditable genetic damage” “possible risk of harm to the unborn child” “may cause harm to breastfed babies” Physical- shocks, vibration, movements, manual handling, noise, ionising radiation temperature extremes, posture/fatigue, work in pressurised atmosphere Mental - Violence to staff, excessive stress Other - Display screen work
Noise & the Protection of Hearing
Loud noise at work can damage your hearing. This usually happens gradually and it may only be when the damage caused by noise combines with hearing loss due to ageing that people realise how impaired their hearing has become. Strand Leaders/ Functional Managers are to assess the risk of hearing impairment from noise generating activities and think about how to remove the source of noise altogether, for example housing a noisy machine where it cannot be heard by staff. If that is not possible, investigate:
using quieter equipment or a different, quieter process engineering/technical controls to reduce at source the noise produced by a machine or
process using screens, barriers, enclosures and absorbent materials to reduce the noise on its path to
the people exposed designing and laying out of the workplace to create quiet workstations limiting the time people spend in noisy areas ensure that all staff working have hearing protection
Personal Protective Equipment
PPE is equipment that will protect the user against health or safety risks at work. It can include items such as safety helmets, gloves, eye protection, high-visibility clothing, safety footwear and safety harnesses. It also includes respiratory protective equipment (RPE). Even where engineering controls and safe systems of work have been applied, some hazards might remain. These include injuries to:
the lungs, e.g. from breathing in contaminated air
the head and feet, e.g. from falling materials
the eyes, e.g. from flying particles or splashes of corrosive liquids
the skin, e.g. from contact with corrosive materials
the body, e.g. from extremes of heat or cold
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PPE is needed in these cases to reduce the risk. PPE must be properly looked after and stored when not in use, e.g. in a dry, clean cupboard. If it is reusable it must be cleaned and kept in good condition. Strand Leaders/ Function Managers must ensure that staff are trained to use it properly, and know how to detect and report any faults.
Pressure Systems
Many types of pressure equipment can be hazardous. These include steam boilers and associated pipework, pressurised hot-water boilers, air compressors, air receivers and associated pipework, autoclaves, gas (eg LPG) storage tanks and chemical reaction vessels. Any pressure system such as boilers, autoclaves, kitchen equipment etc. operating at greater than 0.5 bar above atmospheric pressure (1.0 bar) will be inspected and maintained every 12 months by an independent competent person and appropriate records kept. The level of risk from the failure of pressure systems and equipment depends on a number of factors including:
the pressure in the system the type of liquid or gas and its properties the suitability of the equipment and pipework that contains it the age and condition of the equipment the complexity and control of its operation the prevailing conditions (e.g. a process carried out at high temperature) the skills, knowledge and experience of the people who maintain, test and operate the
pressure equipment and systems
Preventing Slips Trips & Falls
The more common risks are wet floors, trailing cables or falling over open drawers etc. Consequently, good housekeeping is essential to effective office/classroom health and safety management. Strand Leaders/ Functional Managers should;
Prevent floors from getting wet or contaminated in the first place Have procedures in place for both routine and responsive cleaning If a spillage does happen, clean it up quickly If floors are left wet after cleaning, stop anyone walking on them until they are dry and use
the right cleaning methods and products Look out for trip hazards, such as uneven floors or trailing cables, and encourage good
housekeeping by your workers Staff are to wear footwear that is suitable for the environment they are working Make sure the flooring is suitable, or floors likely to get wet are of a type that does not
become unduly slippery
Public Performances & Events
In all events organised by the school and held in the buildings the organiser must appoint a House Manager to be responsible who will:
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liaise with the Environment Manager regarding organisation and requirements check and comply with the requirements of the Public Entertainment Licence check that emergency exit doors are in working order and escape routes are not
blocked or access restricted in any way check the emergency lighting is in working order inform the audience/participants of the emergency exits and routes to the designated
assembly area (forest car park) have access to an emergency telephone telephone for the emergency services as appropriate supervise any emergency evacuation ensure audience seating has been checked ensure that a sufficient number of toilets are available abide by the predetermined restrictions on licensed numbers for any given location
and liaise with the organiser regarding ticket sales & crowd management apply the fundamental rules of the Academy’s Health and Safety policy as appropriate ensure that a nominated first aider is on duty and that they have access to a fully
stocked first aid kit ensure that any equipment, props or effects used have been properly risk assessed ensure the Academy no smoking policy is enforced appoint a Deputy House Manager in the event of the House Manager being unable to
attend the event at any time The House Manager and Organiser should ensure that all the above have been fulfilled in advance of the start of the event.
Off Site Educational Visits/ Residentials
All off site visits & residentials are managed by the Education Visits Coordinator. Most visits have to have prior approved by the Academy’s Visits Advisor (Nottinghamshire County Council) so a long lead in time is required.
Risk of Infection
Micro-organisms are bacteria and viruses (more commonly known as germs), fungi or parasites. In most workplaces, the risk of catching an infection, such as a cold or flu, is no higher than in any other public place and you do not have to take any action. However, some people who work with animals, or provide care for people, or who clean up or handle waste materials, can be exposed to harmful micro-organisms. These can cause an infection if they are breathed in, swallowed, or if they penetrate the skin, and can include some very serious illnesses. Some may in turn cause an allergic reaction or are toxic (they produce a poison). Strand Leaders/ Function Managers should find out about the common types of infection that are a risk for your relevant work activity (and how staff or others might be exposed), and decide whether you are doing enough to prevent this from happening. Controlling the risk of infection is relatively straightforward – usually simple, good personal hygiene measures are sufficient. All staff must have access to clean, adequate washing facilities.
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Important control measures include: appropriate washable/disposable clothing personal protective equipment (e.g. impervious gloves) and/or waterproof covering for cuts
and abrasions the right containers and safe systems of work for handling waste, including disposal of
contaminated sharps (such as needles) effective immunisations may be available
Strand Leaders/ Function Managers also need to provide information and training for staff and check safe systems of work are being followed, as above.
Smoking at Work
The Academy is a non-smoking site; this restriction also applies to e cigarettes.
Storage Areas
Store rooms should be kept in a safe and tidy condition with attention paid to good housekeeping. Ideally materials and equipment should be kept on shelves and in cupboards and not left on the floor thereby causing an obstruction. Particular attention should be made to fire safety in these areas as follows:
flammable substances must be stored in a secure metal container smoke/heat sensors should remain clear & unobstructed (minimum of 500mm) combustible materials should not be stored within 1 metre of electrical distribution
boards Kick stools or stepladders for access to shelving should be provided by your Strand Leader/ Function Manager.
Stress
The Governing Body are aware of the effects that Stress can have upon staff. It leads to impaired performance of individuals, increases sick absence, early retirement and staff turnover. Stress related problems should be, in the first instance, discussed with the Strand Leader/ Function Manager and then referred to the HR Manager who can offer targeted support and guidance.
Violence to Staff
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) define work related violence as: ‘Any incident in which a person is abused, threatened or assaulted in the circumstances relating to their work’ This definition is taken to include verbal abuse or threat, threatening behaviour, any assault (and any apprehension of unlawful violence), and serious or persistent harassment, including racial or sexual harassment, and extends from what may seem to be minor incidents to serious assault and murder, and threats against the worker’s family’ The Academy also include in both the above definitions: ‘Rude gestures, innuendos, sexual or physical attacks (whether or not it results in injury), harassment
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about disability or sexuality, being shoved, punched, kicked, hit, swearing, name calling, insults, shouting, deliberate silence, use of weapons, biting, scratching, spitting and property or vehicle damage.’ All acts of violence as outlined in the above definitions are unacceptable. Strand Leaders/ Function Managers should first identify the types and areas of work where employees are likely to be exposed to violence. Examples include; • Handling of goods, cash and valuables or client’s finances • Challenging members of the public or people being provided with a local authority service • Lone workers and/or home visits • Contact with some clients – from people who are in pain or injured, people who may be
experiencing stress, mental ill health or emotional trauma to people affected by alcohol, drugs, medication or substance abuse
• Employees perceived to be interfering with people’s lives • People frustrated at having to wait • Uncomfortable or poor conditions and environments • Poor or inappropriate communication (verbal and non-verbal) • Physical intervention • Working and travelling in dark/night hours • Giving unwelcome information in person or over telephone • Misunderstanding
Working at Height
Where ladders, large stepladders and tower scaffolding are used in the Academy the people using them must have received proper instruction. This equipment should be checked regularly for defects. Working on roofs will require a safe scheme of works.
Work Experience
All work experience placements undertaken by our students will be risk assessed and inspected to ensure suitability.
Waste Disposal
Areas around trade waste compounds/bins should be kept clean and free from accumulations of rubbish. Trade waste is collected weekly by Mansfield District Council. Medical/Sanitary Waste is contracted to PHS Group Ltd. There is certain waste that cannot enter the general waste stream and special disposal arrangements have to be made e.g. chemicals used in Science. If unsure about how to dispose of a certain type of waste then contact the Director of Business.
Appendix 2 - Health & Safety Legislation
The general duties imposed on the Academy are defined in various legal requirements. These include, but are not limited to:
Health & Safety at Work Act 1974
The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, applies to all work activities and requires employers to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of:
their employees
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other people at work on their site, including contractors
others who come into contact with work activities, including service users, pupils, visitors and members of the public.
Contractors may also have to comply with the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 and other health and safety legislation. Clearly when contractors are appointed, the activities of different employers do interact, so cooperation and communication is needed to make sure all parties can meet their obligations.
Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, require all employees to carry our risk assessments in order to identify and evaluate hazards, and devise and implement control measures. These Regulations specifically state that where two or more employees share a workplace, whether on a temporary basis or a permanent basis, each employer shall:
co-operate with other employers
take reasonable steps to coordinate between other employers to comply with legal requirements
take reasonable steps to inform other employers where there are risk to health and safety.
Construction (Design & Management Regulations)2007
The Construction (Design and Management Regulations) 2007, apply to:
new-build construction
alteration, maintenance and renovation or a structure
site clearance
demolition and dismantling of a structure
temporary works
where the work lasts more than 30 days or involves more than 500 person days of work design work regardless of the duration or number of people involved.
Health and Safety (Offences) Act 2008
The new legislation introduces a power of imprisonment in both the lower and upper courts, together with greater financial penalties in the magistrate’s court for a wider range of health and safety offences. In some cases, offences that would previously have brought fines up to £5000 will now carry a maximum penalty of £20,000. One of the most important impacts of the legislation is that a power of imprisonment will now be available in respect of the key offences targeted at individuals under section 7 and section 37 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. Section 7 requires all employees to take reasonable care for themselves and other in the way they conduct their work. Section 37 addresses the actions of directors, managers, head teachers, secretaries and other similar officers of corporate bodies.
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH)
Using chemicals or other hazardous substances at work can put people’s health at risk, so the law requires employers to control exposure to hazardous substances to prevent ill health. They have to protect both employees and others who may be exposed by complying with the Control of
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Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) (as amended). Hazardous substances include: ■ substances used directly in work activities (e.g. adhesives, paints, cleaning agents); ■ substances generated during work activities (e.g. fumes from soldering and welding); ■ naturally occurring substances (e.g. grain dust); ■ biological agents such as bacteria and other micro-organisms.
Appendix 3 Trade Union Representatives The Trade Union Representatives within school are: Unison – National Union of Teachers- National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers- Association of Teachers & Lecturers –
