Greater Lawrence Technical SchoolJunior Electronics Class

Mr. BittarelliMarch - April 2005

IrvinDanaYancarlosEstephanyLandryAneudy

OrnelaZulyStaciRichardZailyEddieJohathanAriel

Note to teachers:This Lab Book is a composite of lesson plan pages that challenge students as well as student solutions to the challenges.

Students Participating

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

Car Aids Cancer Heart

Deaths per year in the USA

Zaily, Ariel, Eddie

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Heart Cancer Aids

Billi

ons

of $

Cost of Treatment and Research per Year

Major Causes of Heart Disease • Stress

• Bad food

• Poor education.

• Smoking

• Diabetes

• Obesity

Discovery

1. Educate patients on how the heart works 2. Develop a portfolio that helps us get a job3. Exercise team work 4. Practice problem solving skills5. Apply academics to real world problems

Staci and Richard

Job PerformanceZail y Edwar d Ar iel

Attendance 0 0 0Professionalism 0 0 0Knowledge 0 0 0Initiative 0 0 0Results 0 0 0Score 0 0 0

Zaily, Ariel, Eddie

Ugly Average Best

Project Planning

1. Discovery• Define the problem• State the goals• Research

2. Design• Write functional specification• Draw schematics

3. Development• Build a working model

4. Deployment• Test• Train• Present

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Discovery

The problem ...1. How many people die of heart failure per year?2. How many people have irregular heart beats? (Arrhythmia)3. What are the consequences of this disease?

- Lost productivity- Cost of medicine- Cost of hospital care

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Discovery

What tools, books, models and web sites can you find that explain how the heart works.? Look for clear, concise, memorable examples.

We want to develop a model that is different than heart education materials developed by others.

Reference Websites:http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/heart/http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/circulation.htmlhttp://www.heartcenteronline.com

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Discovery

How does the heart work?

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Discovery

How does the heart work?

• The heart has two pumps.

• The right blue pump takes tired blood from the body and sends it to the lungs.

• The left red pump takes fresh blood from the lungs and sends it back to the body.

• When the heart is working normally, it beats between 60 – 80 times per minute. In our model, select, ‘Healthy Heart’ and the microprocessor controls the pumps to simulate a normal heart rhythm.

• When the heart has a common problem, arrhythmia, it beats irregularly making it harder to get fresh, oxygenated blood to the body. In our model, select, ‘Irregular Heart Beat.’ Now the microprocessor controls the pumps to pump irregularly.

• One way of treating arrhythmia is to insert a pacemaker which tells the heart when to pump. In our model, select ‘Pacemaker’ and the heart stops until the pacemaker microprocessor is turned on. The 2nd pacemaker microprocessor tells the 1st microprocessor to pump one cycle only when it gets an infrared signal. The 2nd pacemaker microprocessor lights up and beeps each time it sends a signal. You can see the pumps beat one cycle each time the pacemaker beeps.

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Discovery

What is the history of heart research and medicines?

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Discovery

What is arrhythmia and how is it treated?

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Design

How does a simple mechanical pump work?

Design

LEGO pump mechanism

Discovery

How reliable is the heart?How many cycles does a heart pump in an average human life time?How many revolutions does a car motor do in an average car life time?Heart vs. Car Motor Reliability

Heart Assumptions100 Heart Beats / min60 minutes / hour24 hours / day

365 Days / year Conclusion70 Years / lifetime 3,679,200,000 Heart Beats / life time

Car Motor Assumptions3000 Motor revolutions / min

60 Min / hour40 Avg miles / hour

0.025 hours / mile Conclusion100000 miles / lifetime 450,000,000 Car Motor Revolutions / life time

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Discovery

How reliable is the heart?How many cycles does a heart pump in an average human life time?How many revolutions does a car motor do in an average car life time?

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

-

500,000,000

1,000,000,000

1,500,000,000

2,000,000,000

2,500,000,000

3,000,000,000

3,500,000,000

4,000,000,000

1 2

Cyc

les

Heart Car

Cycles in a lifetime

1. Simulation how tired blood is rejuvenated 2. Simulate how is fresh blood is distributed3. Present a power point show explaining the project4. Build a website that documents the project5. Audience involvement

1. Questions about the Heart 2. Games

Deliverables:1. Working heart simulation model2. Lab book3. Web site

Staci and Richard

DesignComponents Required:Body reservoir from which liquid can be taken by the left pump.Lung reservoir to which liquid can be sent by the left pump.Lung reservoir from which liquid can be taken by the right pump.Body reservoir to which liquid can be sent by the right pump.

Lung Reservoir

Body Reservoir

HeartLeftPump

RightPump

TiredBlood

TiredBlood

FreshBlood

FreshBlood

Arteries Veins

VeinsArteries

MicroControllerControls

PumpRhythm

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

MicroControllerControls

PumpRhythm

Design

How can we control the cycles or speed of the pump?

Start

NormalHeart rhythm

?

Arrhythmia?

2 normalbeats

2 irregularbeats

Beat onsignal

Yes

Yes

No

No

Pacemaker?

YesNo

Mr. Bittarelli and Mr. GalinatoMarch 2005

Design

How can we control the cycles or speed of the pump?

Ariel

GLTS Artificial Heart

Pump 2

Reservoir

Pump 1

Reservoir

Computer

Staci and Richard