HeidenhainTNC426 Mill en D 01

8/9/2019 HeidenhainTNC426 Mill en D 01

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WinnC HeidenHainTnC 426 ConversaTional

All rights reserved. Reproduction only upon authorization by Messrs. EMCO MAIER EMCO MAIER Gesellschaft m.b.H., Hallein

Notice

This software description contains all functions that may be carried out withWinNC. However, the availability of functions is dependent on the machineyou operate with WinNC.


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Preface

The EMCO WinNC Heidenhain TNC 426 Milling Software is part of the EMCOtraining concept on PC-basis.

This concept aims at learning the operation and programming of a certainmachine control on the PC.

The milling machines of the EMCO PC MILL und CONCEPT MILL series can bedirectly controlled via PC by means of the EMCO WinNC for the EMCO MILL.

The operation is rendered very easy by the use of a digitizer or the controlkeyboard with TFT at panel display (optional accessory), and it is didacticallyespecially valuable since it remains very close to the original control.

Apart of this software description and the machine description a teachingsoftware CD-ROM "WinTutorial" (CNC examples, operation, description ofinstructions and cycles) is in preparation.

This manual does not include the whole functionality of the control softwareHeidenhain TNC 426 Milling, however emphasis was laid on the simple andclear illustration of the most important functions so as to achieve a most com-prehensive learning success.

In case any questions or proposals for improving this manual should arise,please contact us directly:

prefaCe

EMCO MAIER Gesellschaft m. b. H.Department for technical documentationA-5400 Hallein, Austria


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ConTenTs

Contents

A: FundamentalsReference points of EMCO milling machines ......................... A 1Datum shift .............................................................................A 2Reference system for milling .................................................. A 3machines ................................................................................ A 3Polar coordinates....................................................................A 4Absolute and incremental workpiece positions....................... A 5

Absolute workpiece positions ........................................... A 5Incremental workpiece positions ...................................... A 5Absolute and incremental polar coordinates .................... A 5

Tool data ................................................................................. A 6

B: Key DescriptionControl keyboard, Digitizer overlay..........................................B1Address keyboard and ............................................................B2numerical keyboard .................................................................B2Key functions ...........................................................................B3

Screen layout...........................................................................B5Machine control keys ...............................................................B6German PC keyboard ..............................................................B8English PC keyboard .............................................................B10

C: OperationSwitch-off ................................................................................C 1Modes of operation .................................................................C 1

Calling operating modes ..................................................C 1Navigation in the menu window .......................................C 1

Machine operation ..................................................................C 3Traversing the reference point .........................................C 4Traversing the slide manually...........................................C 4Traversing the slide incrementally ....................................C 5

Positioning with manual data input...................................C 6Program run, single block / full sequence ........................C 6

Fundamentals of le management .........................................C 7File names........................................................................C 7

Standard le management .....................................................C 8Advanced le management ..................................................C 12

Directory names .............................................................C 12Creating and writing programs .............................................C 19Programming tool movements in conversational format ......C 21MOD-functions......................................................................C 23

D: ProgrammingOverview M- commands .........................................................D 2Overview Cycles .....................................................................D 3Calculating operators..............................................................D 4Pocket Calculator ...................................................................D 4Programming graphics ........................................................D 5Tool movements ...................................................................D 7

Fundamentals of path functions .............................................D 8Contour approach and departure .........................................D 11Important positions for approach and departure...................D 12Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPRLT ..........................................................................................D 13Approaching on a straight line perpen-dicular to the rst contourpoint: APPR LN.....................................................................D 13Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection:APPR CT ..............................................................................D 14Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection

from a straight line to the contour: APPR LCT......................D 14Departing on a straight line with tangential connection:DEP LT .................................................................................D 15Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contourpoint: DEP LN .......................................................................D 15Departure on a circular arc with tangential connection:DEP CT ................................................................................D 16Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting thecontour and a straight line: DEP LCT ...................................D 16

Path contours - Cartesian coordinates .................................D 17

Straight line L ...........................................................D 18Actual position capture ...................................................D 18

Inserting a chamfer CHF between two straight lines .D 19

Corner Rounding RND ..............................................D 20

Circle center CC ........................................................D 21

Circular path C around circle center CC .....D 22

Circular path CR with dened radius .........................D 23

Circular path CT with tangential connection ..............D 24

example: square ...................................................................D 25example: nooks round / chamfer 1 .......................................D 26example: nooks round / chamfer 2 .......................................D 27example: circular motions .....................................................D 28example: circular arc with CC, C ..........................................D 29example: milling with multi-infeed .........................................D 30


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Path contours - Polar coordinates ........................................D 31

Polar coordinate origin: Pole CC ...............................D 31

Straight line LP ...................................D 32

Circular path CP around pole CC

......D 32Circular path CTP with tangential connection

............................................................D 33

Helix ...................................................D 33

Path contours FK Free contour programming ...................D 35Graphics during FK programming ........................................D 36Initiating the FK dialogue ......................................................D 37Free programming of straight lines .......................................D 37

Straight line without tangential connection .....................D 37Straight line with tangential connection ..........................D 37

Free programming of circular arcs........................................D 38Circular arc without tangential connection .....................D 38Circular arc with tangential connection ..........................D 38

Input possibilites ...................................................................D 39End point coordinates ....................................................D 39Direction and length of contour elements.......................D 39

Converting FK programs ......................................................D 40example: FK telephone.........................................................D 41

Cycles ...................................................................................D 43Working with cycles ..............................................................D 43Dening a cycle using soft keys ...........................................D 43Dening a cycle using the GOTO function ...........................D 43Calling a cycle ......................................................................D 44Working with the secondary axes U/V/W .............................D 45

Point Tables ..........................................................................D 46

Cycles for Drilling, Tapping and Thread Milling ....................D 49PECKING (Cycle 1) ..............................................................D 50DRILLING (Cycle 200)..........................................................D 51REAMING (Cycle 201) .........................................................D 53BORING (Cycle 202) ............................................................D 54UNIVERSAL DRILLING (Cycle 203) ....................................D 56BACK BORING (CYCLE 204) ..............................................D 58UNIVERSAL PECKING (Cycle 205) .....................................D 60BORE MILLING (Cycle 208).................................................D 62TAPPING with a oating tap holder (Cycle 2) .......................D 64TAPPING NEW with oating tap holder (Cycle 206) ............D 65RIGID TAPPING (Cycle 17) ..................................................D 66RIGID TAPPING without a oating tap holder TAPPING(Cycle 207) ...........................................................................D 67THREAD CUTTING (CYCLE 18) .........................................D 68TAPPING WITH CHIP BREAKING (Cycle 209) ...................D 69THREAD MILLING (Cycle 262) ............................................D 72THREAD MILLING/COUNTERSINKING (Cycle 263) ..........D 74THREAD DRILLING/MILLING ......................................................(Cycle 264) ...........................................................................D 76HELICAL THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 265)...........D 78OUTSIDE THREAD MILLING (Cycle 267) ...........................D 80

Cycles for milling pockets, studs and slots ...........................D 83POCKET MILLING (Cycle 4) ................................................D 84POCKET FINISHING (Cycle212) .........................................D 85STUD FINISHING (Cycle 213) .............................................D 87CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING (Cycle 5) .............................D 89CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 214) .....................D 90

CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING (Cycle 215) ..........................D 92SLOT MILLING (Cycle 3) .....................................................D 94SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plungecut(Cycle 210) ...........................................................................D 96CIRCULAR SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocatingplunge-cut (Cycle 211) ..........................................................D 98

Cycles for Machining Hole Patterns ...................................D 101CIRCULAR PATTERN (Cycle 220) ....................................D 102LINEAR PATTERN (Cycle 221) ..........................................D 104

SL-Cycles ...........................................................................D 107Fundamentals .....................................................................D 107Overview of SL-Cycles .......................................................D 108SL-cycles, program owchart .............................................D 109CONTOUR GEOMETRY (Cycle 14)...................................D 110Overlapping contours ......................................................... D 111CONTOUR DATA (Cycle 20) .............................................. D 113REAMING (Cycle 21) ......................................................... D 114ROUGH-OUT (Cycle 22) ....................................................D 115FLOOR FINISHING (Cycle 23)........................................... D 116SIDE FINISHING (Cycle 24)............................................... D 117CONTOUR TRAIN (Cycle 25) ............................................ D 118CYLINDER SURFACE (Cycle 27) ...................................... D 119CYLINDER SURFACE slot milling (Cycle 28) ....................D 121

Cycles for multipass milling ................................................D 123MULTIPASS MILLING (Cycle 230) .....................................D 124RULED SURFACE (Cycle 231) .........................................D 126

Coordinate Transformation Cycles .....................................D 129

DATUM SHIFT (Cycle 7) ....................................................D 130DATUM SHIFT with datum tables (Cycle 7) .......................D 131DATUM SETTING (Cycle 247) ...........................................D 134MIRROR IMAGE (Cycle 8) .................................................D 135ROTATION (CYCLE 10) .....................................................D 136SCALING FACTOR (Cycle 11) ...........................................D 137

Special Cycles ....................................................................D 139DWELL TIME (Cycle 9) ......................................................D 139PROGRAM CALL (Cycle 12) ..............................................D 140ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP (Cycle 13) ............................D 141

Subprograms ......................................................................D 143Labels .................................................................................D 143Subprograms ......................................................................D 144Program section repeats ....................................................D 145Separate any program as subprogram ...............................D 146Nesting ...............................................................................D 147

Subprogram within a subprogram ................................D 147Repeating program section repeats .............................D 148Repeating a subprogram..............................................D 149

ConTenTs


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E: Tool programmingEntering tool-related data .......................................................E 1Feed rate F .............................................................................E 1Spindle speed S .....................................................................E 1Tool Data ................................................................................E 2Entering tool data in tables .....................................................E 4Load the tools into the magazine (random tool system)..........E 7

Decide tool and magazine place..............................................E 8Loading the tools in the magazine with a random toolsystem.....................................................................................E 9 Place the tool in the magazine..........................................E 10 Pre-positioning of the tool (only random tool system).....E 11Tool Compensation ...............................................................E 14Tool length compensation .....................................................E 14Tool radius compensation .....................................................E 15

F: Program runRequirements .........................................................................F 1Program start, Program stop .................................................. F 2

G: Flexible NC programmingQ parameters...........................................................................G1Calling Q parameter functions .................................................G1Calculating with Q parameters ................................................G2Trigonometric functions ...........................................................G3If-Then decisions with Q parameters .......................................G4

Unconditional jumps ..........................................................G4Programming If-Then decisions ........................................G4

Additional functions .................................................................G5FN19: PLC: Transferring values to the PLC ......................G6FN20: WAIT FOR: NC und PLC synchronization .............G6FN26: TABOPEN: Opening a freely denable table ..........G7FN27: TABWRITE: Writing to a freely denable table .......G7FN28: TABREAD: Reading a freely denable table ..........G7

Entering formulas directly ........................................................G8

H: Alarms and MessagesInput Device Alarms 3000 - 3999 ............................................H2Machine Alarms 6000 - 7999 ...................................................H3Axis Controller Alarms 8000 - 9999 ....................................... H11

Starting Informationsee attachment

ConTenTs


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fundamenTalsWinnC HeidenHainTnC 426 ConversaTional

A: Fundamentals

Reference points of EMCO millingmachines

M = Machine datum

"M" is an unchangeable reference point, xed by themanufacturer.From this point the whole maschine will be measured.At the same time "M" is the basis of the coordinatesystem.

R = Reference point

"R" is an exactly dened position in the workingspace of the machine.When the slides move to "R", the control is informedof the slide positions. This is necessary after everyinterruption of circuit.

N = Tool-holding-xture reference point

"N" is the starting point for measuring the machinetools. "N" is positioned at a suitable place of thetool holding system and is set by the machine toolmanufacturer.

W = Workpiece datum

"W" is the starting point for the unit of measurementin the part program.It can be freely set by the programmer and may beshifted as often as desired within the part program.

Reference points in the working space


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Datum shift

EMCO milling machines have their machine datum "M"located on the left front edge of the machine table.This location is not suited as starting point for pro-

gramming.

Heidenhain TNC 426 knows 2 methods, which canbe combined, in order to set a datum shift:1.) reference point setting (see below)2.) Cycle 7- Datum shift. Absolute or incremental co-

ordinates are usable. (see chapter D, CoordinateTransformation Cycles)

Datum shift from machine datum M to

workpiece datum W

Datum/ reference point setting

Select Manual operation mode .

Move the tool slowly until it touches the workpiece

surface , , , , , ,

, .

Select an axis (all axes can also be selected viathe ASCII-keyboard).

zero tool, spindle axis: set the displayto a known position on the workpiece (e.g. 0). Inthe tool axis: offset the tool radius.

Repeat the process for the remaining axes.

If you use a preset tool, set the display of the toolaxis to the length L of the tool.


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Reference system for millingmachines

A reference system is required to dene positionsin a plane or in space. The position data are always

referenced to a predetermined point and are describedthrough coordinates.The Cartesian coordinate system (a rectangular co-ordinate system) is based on three coordinate axesX, Y and Z. The axes are mutually perpendicular andintersect at one point called the datum. A coordinateindicates the distance from the datum in one of thesedirections. A position in a plane is thus describedthrough two coordinates, and a position in spacethrough three coordinates.

Coordinates that are referenced to the datum are

called absolute coordinates. Relative coordinatesare referenced to any other known position (referencepoint) within the coordinate system. Relative coor-dinate values are also referred to as incrementalcoordinate values.

When working a workpiece on a milling machineyou generally orient tool movement to the Cartesiancoordinate system. The illustration on the left showshow the Cartesian coordinate system describes themachine axes. The "right-hand-rule" helps to re-member the three axes directions: the middle ngeris pointing in the positive direction of the tool axis

from the workpiece towards the tool (the Z axis), thethumb is pointing in the positive X direction, and theindex nger in the positive Y direction.

The TNC 426 is able to control up to 5 axes. The axesU, V and W are secondary linear axes parallel to themain axes X, Y and Z. Rotary axes are designated asA, B and C. The illustration on the lower left showsthe assignment of secondary axes, respectively rotaryaxes to the main axes.

Notice:EMCO PC-machines do not endue at secondaryaxes.


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Polar coordinates

If the production drawing is dimensioned in Cartesiancoordinates, you also write the part program usingrectangular coordinates. For parts with circular arcs

or angles it is often simpler to x the positions inpolar coordinates.

In contrast to the Cartesian coordinates X, Y and Z,which are three-dimensional and can describe pointsin space, polar coordinates are two-dimensional anddescribe points in a plane. Polar coordinates havetheir datum in the circle center (CC) or pole.

Therefore, a position in a plane is clearly dened by:

Polar radius: the distance from the circle centerCC to the position

Polar angle: the size of the angle between thereference axis and the line that connects the circlecenter CC with the position (see gure on upperleft).

Denition of pole and angle reference axisThe pole is set by entering two Cartesian coordinatesin one of the three planes. These coordinates alsoset the angle reference axis for the polar angle PA.

Coordinates of thepole (plane)

Reference axis ofthe angle

X/Y +X

Y/Z +Y

Z/X +Z


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Absolute and incremental workpi-ece positions

Absolute workpiece positionsAbsolute coordinates are position coordinates that

are referenced to the datum of the coordinate system(origin). Each position on the workpiece is clearlydened by its absolute coordinates.

Example 1: Holes dimensioned in absolute coordi-nates

Hole 1 Hole 2 Hole 3X = 10 mm X = 30 mm X = 50 mmY = 10 mm Y = 20 mm Y = 30 mm

Incremental workpiece positionsIncremental coordinates are referenced to the lastprogrammed nominal position of the tool, which ser-ves as the relative (imaginary) datum. When a partprogram is written in incremental coordinates , thetool is programmed to move by the distance betweenthe previous and the subsequent nominal positions.That is why incremental coordinates are also referredto as chain dimensions.

To program a position in incremental coordinates,enter the prex "I" before the axis.

Example 2: Holes dimensioned in incremental co-ordinates

Absolute coordinates of hole 4IX = 10 mmIY = 10 mm

Hole 5, referenced to 4IX = 20 mmIY = 10 mm

Hole6, referenced to 5IX = 20 mmIY = 10 mm

Absolute and incremental polar coordi-natesAbsolute coordinates always refer to the pole and theangle reference axis. Incremental coordinates alwaysrefer to the last programmed position of the tool.


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Tool data

The aim of the tool data recording is that the soft-ware uses the tool tip, respectively the tool centerfor positioning and not the reference point for the

toolholding xture.Every tool that is used in the working process mustbe measured. Therefore, it is necessary to calculatethe distance between the tool tip and the toolholding-xture reference point "N".

In the so-called tool data store the measured lengthcompensation values and the mill radius can be stored.

The specication of the mill radius is only necessaryif a mill radius compensationor a milling cycle isselected for the corresponding tool!(see chapter E tool programming)

Correction of length


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KeydesCripTionWinnC HeidenHainTnC 426 ConversaTional

Address keyboard andnumerical keyboard


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Manual operation

Electronic handwheel

Positioning with manual data input

Program run, single block

Program run, full sequence

Selecting machine operating modes

Selecting programming operation modes

Programming and editing

Test run

Moving the highlight, going directly to blocks, cyclesand parameter functions

Move highlight

Go directly to blocks, cycles and parameter functions

Entering and editing coordinate axes and numbers

Select coordinate axes or enter them into the programn

Numbers

Decimal point

Change arithmetic sign

Enter polar coordinates

Incremental dimensions

Q parameters

Actual position capture

Skip dialgue questions and delete words

Conrm entry and resume dialogue

End block

Clear numerical entry or TNC error message

Abort dialogue, delete program section


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Screen layout

1 Display of machine`s operating mode, dialogueline

2 Alarm and message line

3 Display of the programming operation mode

4 Working window, NC display

5 Additional status displays contain detailed infor-mation on the program run. They can be called inall operating modes except for the programming

and editing mode of operation.6 Power display

7 The general status display informs on the actual

condition of the machine. It appears automatically.

SPWR...... Power of main spindle SOVR......Correction of spindle FOVR......Correction of feed rate

8 The menu row shows the number of soft-key rows

that can be chosen by using the or

or keys.

9 Softkey row

You can choose the screen layout in the correspon-

ding menus by means of the or keys.

1

2 3

4

5

67

8

9


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Machine control keys

The machine keys are in the lower part of the controlkeyboard or the digitizer overlay. It depends on themachine and the accessories in use, which functionsare active.

Machine keyboard of the EMCO control keyboard

Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Mill series

Description of keys

SKIP (skip blocks are not executed)

DRY RUN (trial run of programms)

OPT STOP (program stop at M01)

RESET

Program run, Single block

Program stop/ program start

Manual axis movements

Traverse reference point in all axes

Feed rate stop / Feed rate start

Spindle compensation less than/100%/greater than


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Spindle Stop / Spindle Start; Spindle Start in the operating modes Manual operation andElectronic Handweel

Clockwise: Press key shortly, counterclockwise: Press key and hold it for 1 min.

Permissive button for door opening/closing

Door open / close

Swivel dividing head

Clamping device open / close

Swivel workpiece holder

Coolant switch (Coolant off / on)

AUX OFF / AUX ON (auxiliary drives off / on)

Switch for feed rate / rapid traverse

Operating mode selection key(for detailed description please refer to machine description)

EMERGENCY STOP (unlocked by turning knob)

Key switch for special operation (see machine description)

Additional NC start key

Without function


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German

PCkeyboard

The

machinefunctionsin

the

numericalblocko

fthekeyboard

are

only

active,

when

NUM-

Lockisnotactive.

Keysw

ithboldframesrepresentspecial

functionsforthemachineandthe

control;

Presst

heSTRGa

ndALTkeyssimultane

ouslyinordertoactivatethepatte

rnedkeyfunctions.

Severa

lalarmsareconrmedwiththeESC

key.

ThemeaningofthekeycombinationSTR

G2

dependsonthemachine:

MILL5

5:

PuffblowingdeviceON/OFF

MILL1

05:

CoolantON/OFF

MILL1

25:

CoolantON/OFF

Theas

signmentoftheaccessories`func

tionsisdescribedinthechapter"functionsofaccessories".


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Description of keys for German PC keyboard

CE

APPR/DEP


TOOL DEF

LBL

FK

LBL CALL

CHF

C (circle)

I (incrementall)

L (line)

RND

TOOL CALL

P (polar)

PROG CALL

CR (circle with radius)

STOP

CT (circle tangential)

Q parameter

CYCLE DEF

CYCLE CALL

Soft keys

Shift softkey rows (forward)

Select screen display

MOD

Manual operation





Programming/ Editing

Test run

Shift soft-key rows (back)

Shift machining/ programmingoperating mode

PGM MGT

Notice:Selecting machine keys via the PC keyboard:

1.) Press and hold key.2.) Press machine key and then release it.

3.) Release key.

CALC

CC (Circle Center)

NO ENT

+/- key

HELP

GO to


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EnglishPCkeyboard

The

machinefunctionsin

the

numericalblocko

fthekeyboard

are

only

active,

when

NUM-

Lockisnotactive.

Keysw

ithboldframesrepresentspecial

functionsforthemachineandthe

control;

Presst

heSTRGa

ndALTkeysimultaneo

uslyinordertoactivatepatterned

keyfunctions.

Severa

lalarmsareconrmedwiththeESC

key.

ThemeaningofthekeycombinationSTR

G2

dependsonthemachine:

MILL5

5:

PuffblowingdeviceON/OFF

MILL1

05:

CoolantON/OFF

MILL1

25:

CoolantON/OFF.

Theas

signmentoftheaccessories`func

tionsisdescribedinthechapter"functionsofaccessories".


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APPR/DEP


TOOL DEF

LBL

FK

LBL CALL

CHF

C (circle)

I (incremental)

Soft keys

Shift softkey rows (forward)

Select screen display

CC (circle center)

Manual operation





Programming/ Editing

Test run

Sht soft-key rows (back)

Shift machining/ programmingoperating mode

PGM MGT

Notice:Selecting machine keys via PC keyboard:

1.) Press and hold key.2.) Press machine key and then release it.

3.) Release key.

Descripton of keys for English PC keyboard

L (line)

RND

TOOL CALL

P (polar)

PROG CALL

CR (circle with radius)

STOP

CT (circle tangential)

Q parameter

+/- key

CE

CYCLE DEF

CYCLE CALL

MOD

CALC

NO ENT

HELP

GO TO


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operaTionWinnC HeidenHainTnC 426 ConversaTional

C: Operation

Modes of operation

The modes of operation of the WinNC HeidenhainTNC 426 are divided into ve machining modes andtwo programming modes:

Machining modes: Manual operation Electronic handwheel Positioning with manual data input Program run, single block Program run, full sequence

Programming modes:

Programming and editing Test run

The header shows the machining modes on the leftand the programming modes on the right side. Thecurrent operating mode is displayed in the larger boxof the header, where dialogue prompts and messagesalso appear.

Calling operating modes

Operating modes are called either via the correspon-

ding keys on the keyboard

or via the PC keyboard using the following

combination of keys: or via themode select switch.

Navigation in the menu window

In the footer the WinNC indicates additional functionsin a soft-key row. The lines directly above the soft-keyrow indicate the number of soft-key rows that can be

selected with the black arrow keys or with

the key. The active soft-key row is highlighted.

Switch-off

To prevent data from being lost at switch-off, youneed to run down the operating system of the WinNCas follows:

Select the manual operation mode .

Press button AUX OFF.

Select the funktion for run-down, conrm againwith the YES soft key.

Now you may cut off the power supply to the WinNC.

Inappropriately switching the WinNC off can lead todata loss.

YESF1


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Manual operation and electronic hand-wheel

The manual operation mode is required for settingup the machine tool. In this operating mode you can

position the machine axes manually or by incrementsand set the reference points.The operation mode electronic handwheel is currentlynot available.


This mode of operation enables the programmingof simple traversing movements, e.g. face milling orpre-positioning.

Program run, full sequence and pro-

gram run, single blockIn the program run, full sequence, the WinNC executesa program to its end or to a manual or programmedstop. You can resume the program run after an in-terruption.In the program run, single block, you start each blockseparately by pressing the external START button.

Programming and Editing

In this operating mode you can write your part pro-grams. The Free-Contour- Programming feature ,the various cycles and the Q parameter functionssupport you in the programming process and provideadditional information. If desired, the programminggraphics show the individual steps, or you can useanother screen window to draw up your program

structure.

Test run

In the Test run operating mode the WinNC simulates

programs and program sections, so as to check themfor geometrical incompatibilities, missing or incorrectdata within the program or violations of the workingspace. This simulation is supported graphically bydifferent display modes.


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Machine operation

The machine operation includes all functions andinuencing variables that lead to machine actions orthat control the condition of the machine.

Four operating modes are distinguished:

Manual operationRapid traverse is used for manual operation andfor adjusting the machine.The following functions are available for adjustingthe machine:

Traverse the reference point (Ref)

Move in incremental steps

Positioning with manual data input (MDI)Semi-automatic operation, positioning with manualdata inputHere part programs can be created and workedoff blockwise.

Program run, single blockHere part programs are selected, star-ted, corrected, directly influcenced and

worked off.

Program run, full sequencePart programs are worked off in a fully automaticway.

You select the modes of operation via the softkeys(PC keyboard or Heidenhain TNC426-keyboard) orby using the operating mode selection key.


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Traversing the slide manually

You can traverse the machine axes manually by usingthe direction keys.

Change to the manual operation mode .

By using the , , , , , , ,

....keys the axes are moved in the chosendirection as long as the key is pressed and held.

By using the , , , , , , ,

... keys and simultaneously pressing the

key the axes are traversed continuously untilkey is pressed (not available for PC MILL 300).

The feed rate is set with the override switch.

If the the key is pressed simultaneously, theslides traverse in rapid traverse (only for PC MILL300 available).

Traversing the reference point

By traversing the reference point the control is syn-chronized with the machine.

The operation mode is selected automatically.

Use the directions keys or in order totraverse the reference point in the correspondingaxis, analogue for all other axes.

By using the or key the reference pointis automatically traversed rst in the Z- and thenin the X- and Y-axis.

When the reference point is reached, its position is

shown as actual position on the screen. Now thecontrol is synchronized with the machine.

Danger:

Danger of collision

Look out for obstacles in the working area(clamps, clamped workpieces, etc.)The PC MILL 300 references the Z-axe rst. Thereis no danger of collision.


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Traversing the slide incrementally

With incremental jog positioning the WinNC traversesthe machine axis by a distance you preset.You can move the machine axes incrementally byusing the axis direction buttons.

INC 1 1/1000 mm per depression of keyINC 10 1/100 mm per depression of keyINC 100 1/10 mm per depression of keyINC 1000 1 mm per depression of keyINC VAR variable distance

Set the switch for the selection of the operating

mode to INC ( or Alt+0 ... Alt+4 on PC

or with the softkey

INCRE-MENT

OFF/ONF6 for individually

incremental traversing ).

With every depression of the keys , ,

, , , , , , and so on, the axesare moved in the corresponding direction by thepreset distance.

The feed rate is set by the override switch.

If the the key is pressed simultaneously, theslides traverse in rapid traverse (only for PC MILL300 available).


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C6


Positioning with Manual Data Input(MDI)

Programming and Executing Simple MachiningOperations

The operating mode Positioning with Manual DataInput is particularly convenient for simple machiningoperations or pre-positioning of the tool. It enablesyou to write a short program in conversational pro-gramming and execute it immediately. You can alsocall WinNC cycles. The programm is stored in the le$MDI. In the operating mode Positioning with MDI,the additional status displays can also be activated.see chapter B - screen layout

Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI)Select the Positioning with MDI mode of operation.Program the le $MDI as you wish.

To start program run, press the machine STARTbutton.

Notice:Positioning with Manual Data Input is only inthe Conversational programming available. Po-sitionieren mit Handeingabe ist nur im Klartext-Dialog mglich. FK free contour programming,programming graphics and program run graphics

cannot be used. The $MDI le must not containa program call (PGM CALL).


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C7


Protecting programs in $MDIThe $MDI le is generally intended for short programsthat are only needed temporarily. Nevertheless, youcan store a program, if necessary, by proceeding asdescribed below:Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation

To call the le manager, press the PGM MGT key(programm-management).

Move the highlight to the $MDI le.

To select the le copying function, press the COPYsoftkey.

Enter the name under which you want to save the

current contents of the $MDI le.

Copy the le.

To close the le manager, press the END softkey.

Target le = BOREHOLE

further informations: see "Copying a single le" chapterC - "Advanced le management".

EXECUTEF1

ENDF8

COPY

F5


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C8


Program run, single block / full sequence

In the operating mode Program run, single block/ full sequence part programs can be run in a fullyautomatic way.

Preconditions for working off part programs:

The reference point was traversed. The part program was called into the control. The necessary correction values were checked,

respectively entered (e.g datum shift, tool correc-tions).

The safety lockings are activated (e.g. chip pro-tection door closed).

Possibilities in the program run, single block / full

sequence operation mode:

Block search run Inuencing the program

(see chapter F - program run)


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C9


Fundamentals of le management

Notice:You may select between the standard and

advanced le management by using the MODfunction PGM MGT. If the WinNC is connectedto a network you use the le management withadditional functions (= advanced) - (see Selectionof MOD functions).

The WinNC has a special le management window

so that you can easiliy nd and manage your les.Here you can call, copy, rename and delete les.

You can manage any number of les with the WinNC,however their total size must not exceed your harddisk capacity.

File namesWhen you store programs, tables and texts as lesyou have to add an extension to the le name, sepa-rated by a point. This extension indicates the le type.

Files

PROG20 .H

File name File type

Files in the TNC Type

Programs

in HEIDENHAIN format .H

in DIN/ISO-format .I

Tables for

Tools .T

Tool changers .TCH

Pallets .P

Datums .D

Points (digitizing range ofmeasuring touch probe)

.PNT

Cutting data .CDT

Cutting materials, workpiecematerials

.TAB

Texts as

ASCII-les .A


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C10


FILE

TAGF3

ALLFILES

TAG

UNTAG

FILEF5

ALL.UNTAG

FILEF6

PASTE

F7

Standard le management

Notice:The standard le management is perfectly suited

when you wish to save all les in one directory, orif you are acquainted with the le management ofold TNC controls. To use it please set the MODfunction PGM MGTto Standard(seeSelectionof MOD functions).

Calling the le manager

Press the PGM MGT : The WinNC displays thele management window.

The window shows all les that are stored in theWinNC. Various information is provided for every le.

Tag a single le

Tag all les

Untag a single le

Untag all les

Copy all tagged les

Display Meaning

File nameName with up to 16 charactersand le type

Byte File size in bytes

Status Properties of the le:

EProgram is selected in theProgramming and Editing modeof operation

SProgram is selected in the TestRun mode of operation

MProgram is selected in theProgram Run operating mode

PFile is protected against editingand deletion

Date Date the le was last changed

Time Time the le was last changed


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C11


Selecting a le

Call the le manager.

Use the arrow keys or the arrow soft keys to move

the highlight to the le you wish to select:

Moves the highlight up and down in the window leby le.

Moves the highlight up and down in the window pageby page.

Selecting a le: Press the SELECT softkey or the

key.

Deleting a le


Use the arrow keys or the arrow soft keys to movethe highlight to the le you wish to delete:



Deleting a le: Press the DELETE soft key andconrm with the YES soft keyor

abort with the NO soft key.

PAGE

F1

PAGE

F2

PAGE

F1

PAGE

F2

YESF1

NOF2

F4

SELECT

F1

DELETE

F3


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C12


Copying a le



the highlight to the le you wish to copy:



Copying a le: Press the COPY soft keyEnter the new le name and conrm by pressing

the EXECUTION soft key or the key.

The WinNC displays a status window that keeps youinformed about the copying progress. As long as theWinNC is copying you cannot work. If you wish tocopy very long programs, enter a new le name andconrm with the PARALLEL EXECUTE soft key. TheWinNC will then copy the le in the background, soyou can continue to work after the copying processhas started.

Selecting one of the last 10 les selec-

ted


Selecting the last 10 les selected: Press the LASTFILES soft key.

Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the leyou wish to select:Moves the highlight up and down in the window.

Selecting a le: Press the SELECT soft key or the

key.

EXECUTEF1

PARALLELEXECUTE

F2

SELECT

F3

F7

LASTFILES

F7

COPY

F5

PAGE

F1

PAGE

F2


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C13


Renaming a le



the highlight to the le you wish to rename:



Renaming a le: Press the RENAME soft key, enterthe name of the new le and conrm with theEXECUTE or ENT key.

Converting an FK program into conver-sational format


Use the arrow keys or the arrow soft keys to movethe highlight to the le you wish to convert:



Converting the le: Press the CONVERT FK-> H.Enter the name of the new le and conrm with theEXECUTE soft key or the ENT key.

Protecing a le / Cancelling a le pro-tection


Use the arrow keys or the arrow soft keys to movethe highlight to the le you wish to protect or whoseprotection you wish to cancel:Moves the highlight up and down in the window leby le.


Protecting a le: Press the PROTECT soft key.The le now has the status P, or

Cancelling a le protection: Press the UNPROTECTsoft key. The P status is canceled.

RENAME

F3

CONVERT

FK->HF4

PROTECT

F6

UNPROTECT

F7

PAGE

F1

PAGE

F2

PAGE

F1

PAGE

F2

PAGE

F1

PAGE

F2


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C14


Advanced le management

Notice:Use the advanced le manager if you wish to

save your les in different directories.To use it, set the MOD function PGM MGT toEnhanced(see selection of MOD functions).

Directories

To ensure that you can easily nd your les, werecommend that you organize your hard disk intodirectories (les). You can divide these directoriesup into further directories, so-called subdirectories.

Notice:The WinNC can manage up to 6 directory levels!If you save more than 512 les in one directorythe WinNC no longer sorts them alphabetically!

Directory namesThe name of a directory can contain up to 8 characters

and does not have an extension. If you enter morethan 8 characters for the directory name the WinNCwill display an error message.

Paths

A path indicates the drive and all directories, resp.subdirectories, under which a le is saved. Theindividual details are separated by the symbol \.

Example:On drive TNC:\ the directory AUFTR1 was created.Then, in the directory AUFTR1 the subdirecto-

ry NCPROG was created and the part programPROG1.H was copied into it. The part program nowhas the following path:TNC:\AUFTR1\NCPROG\PROG1.H

The graphic chart on the left shows an example of adirectory display with different paths.


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C15


Function Soft key

Copy (and convert) individualles

Display a specic le type

Display the last 10 lesselected

Delete a le or directory

Tag a le

Rename a le

Convert an FK program intoconversational format

Protect a le against editingand deletion

Cancel le protection

Network drive management

Overview: Functions of the expanded le management

F4

TYP

SELECTF5

LASTFILES

F7

TAGF4

RENAME

F3

CONVERT

FK->HF4

NETF6

COPY

F5

DELETE

F3

PROTECT

F6

UNPROTECT

F7


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C16


Calling the le manager

Press the PGM MGT key: the WinNC displays the lemanagement window (The picture on the left showsthe fundamental setting. If the WinNC displays adifferent screen layout, press the WINDOW soft key).

The narrow window on the left shows here sevendrives 1. Drives are devices by means of which dataare stored or transferred. One drive is here the harddisk of the WinNC, other drives are the CD-Romdrive (CDR:\), the oppy drive (FLP:\), one local drive(LOC:\), two network drives (NET00:\ and NET01:\)and a printer (LPT:\). The selected (active) drive isshown in a different colour.Shown drives can be select in WinCong (seeStarting-Information capture X "Change Ini Data ofWinNC"). You can activate the required drives in the

menu item for activating drives of the HeidenhainTNC426 le manager.You can choose:

oppy disk drive (FLP:\)

CD-Rom drive (CDR:\)

local drives (LOC:\)

network drives (NET:\)

printer (LPT:\) (see "printing a le")

Display Meaning

File nameName with up to 16 charactersand le type

Byte File size in bytes

Status Properties of the le:

EProgram is selected in theProgramming and Editing mode

of operation

SProgram is selected in the TestRun mode of operation

MProgram is selected in theProgram Run operating mode

PFile is protected against editingand deletion

Date Date the le was last changed

Time Time the le was last changed

WINDOW

F6


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C17


Selecting drives, directories and les


Use the arrow keys or the soft keys to move thehighlight to the desired position on the screen:

Moves the highlight from the right to the left windowand vice versa.

Moves the highlight up and down within a window.

Moves the highlight one page up and down withina window.

1. Step: Select a driveMark the drive in the left window:To select a drive, press the SELECT soft key or the

key.

2. Step: Select a directoryMark the directory in the left window: The rightwindow automatically shows all files stored inthe marked (highlighted) directory.

3.Step : Select a le

Press the SELECT TYPE soft key.

Press the soft key for the desired le type, or

Press the SHOW ALL soft key to display all les.

Mark the le in the right window:The selected le is activated in the operating mode

from which you have called the le manager:

Press the SELECT soft key or the key.

Creating a new directory (only possibleon TNC:\ drive)

Mark the directory, in which you want to create asubdirectory, in the left window.

Enter the new directory name and conrm with

.

DEMO

In the lower part of the narrow window the WinNCshows all directories 2of the selected drive. A direc-tory is always identied by a le symbol (left) and thedirectory name (right). Subdirectories are indentedto the right.The selected (active) directory is shown in a different

colour.

The wide window on the right shows all les 3 thatare stored in the selected directory. Each le is shownwith additional information which is illustrated in detailby the table on the left.

PAGE

F1

PAGE

F2

SELECT

F3

TYP

SELECTF5

SHOW ALL

F1

SHOW

F2


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C18


Copying a single le

Move the highlight to the le you wish to copy.

Press the COPY soft key to select the copyingfunction.

Enter the name of the target le and conrm your

entry with the key or the EXECUTEsoft key: The WinNC copies the le into the activedirectory. The original le is retained, or

Press the PARALLEL EXECUTE soft key tocopy the le in the background. You should usethis function when you copy large les, since itenables you to continue working after the copyingprocess has been started.

Choosing one of the last 10 les selec-ted


Display the last 10 les selected: Press the LASTFILES soft key.

Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to

the le you wish to select:Moves the highlight up and down within the window.

Select a le: Press the SELECT soft key or the

key.

Choosing one of the last 10 les selected

COPY

F4

EXECUTEF1

PARALLEL

EXECUTEF2

LASTFILES

F7

SELECT

F3


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C19


Deleting a le

Move the highlight to the le you want to delete.

Press the DELETE soft key to select the erasingfunction. The WinNC inquires whether the le

should really be deleted. To conrm the deletion, press the YES soft key

or

To abort the deletion, press the NO soft key.

Deleting a directory

Delete all les and subdirectories from the directoryyou wish to erase.

Move the highlight to the directory you want todelete.

Press the DELET soft key to select the erasingfunction. The WinNC inquires whether the directoryshould really be deleted.

To conrm the deletion, press the YES soft keyor

To abort the deletion, press the NO soft key.

Renaming a le

Move the highlight to the le you wish to rename.

Press the RENAME soft key to select the renamingfunction.

Enter the new le name: the le type cannot bechanged.

To exectue the renaming process, press the

key.

Printing les

Move the highlight to the le you wish to print.

copy the le to the printer. target-le: LPT:\

press Soft key Execute

Notice:Printing is only in the operation mode Program-ming and Editing available.

DELETE

F3

DELETE

F3


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C20


ALLFILES

TAG

FILE

TAGF3

UNTAG

FILEF5

ALL.UNTAG

FILEF6 F4

PASTE

F7

Tagging les

Tag a single le

Tag all les

Untag a single le

Untag all les

Copy all tagged les

You can use functions like copying or deleting ofles not only for single les but also for severalles simultaneously. To tag several les, proceed asfollows:

Move the highlight to the rst le.

To show the tagging functions, press the TAG soft key.

Tag a le by pressing the TAG FILE soft key.

Move the highlight to the next le you wish to tag:You can tag further les, if you wish to: Press TAGFILE soft key, and so on.To copy the tagged les, press the COPY TAG softkey, or

Delete the tagged les by pressing the END soft keyin order to leave the marking function and

then press the DELETE soft key to delete the taggedles.

FILE

TAGF3

TAG

F4

FILE

TAGF3

F4

COPY

F7

ENDF8

DELETE

F3


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C21


Creating and writing programs

Organization of an NC program in HEI-DENHEIN conversational format

A part program consists of a series of program blocks.The left illustration shows the elements of a block.The WinNC numbers the blocks of a part program inascending sequence.

The rst block of a program is identied by BEGINPGM, the program name and the active unit ofdimension.

The subsequent blocks contain information on:

the blank workpiece

tool denitions and tool calls

feed rates and spindle speeds

path contours, cyles and other functions

The last block of a program is identified byEND PGM, the program name and the active unitof dimension.

Dening the blank workpiece: BLKFORM

Immediately after initiating a new program you de-ne a cuboid, blank workpiece. If you wish to dene

the blank workpiece at a later stage, press theBLK FORM soft key. The WinNC needs this denitionfor the graphic simulations. The sides of the blankworkpiece are parallel to the X, Y and Z axes andmust not exceed a length of 100 000 mm.The blank form is dened by two of its corner points:

MIN-point: smallest X, Y and Z coordinate of theblank form, entered as absolute values.

MAX-point: largest X, Y and Z coordinate of theblank form, entered as absolute or incrementalvalues.

Notice:The denition of the blank form is necessary ifyou want to run a graphic test for the program!

Block

10 L X+10 Y+5 R0 F100 M3

Block number

Path function Words


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C22


Creating a new part program

You always enter a part program in the Programmingand Editingmode of operation.

Example for a program creation:Select the Programming and Editing mode ofoperation.To call the le manager, press the PGM MGT key.Select the directory in which you want to store thenew program:Enter the new program name and conrm your entry

with the key.

To select the unit of dimension, press the MM orINCH soft key. The WinNC switches to the programwindow and opens the dialogue for the denition of

the BLK-FORM (blank workpiece).

Spindle axis parallel to X/Y/Z?Enter the spindle axis.

Def BLK-FORM: Min-point?Enter the X, Y and Z coordinates of the MIN pointin sequence.

Def BLK-FORM: Max-point?Enter the X, Y and Z coordinates of the MAX pointin sequence.

0

-40

0

100

0

100

Display of the BLK Form in the NC program0 BEGIN PGM NEU MM Program begin, name, unit of dimension1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40 Spindle axis, MIN point coordinates2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 MAX point coordinates

3 END PGM NEU MM Program end, name, unit of dimension

The WinNC automatically generates the block num-bers as well as the BEGIN and END blocks.

MM INCH


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C23


F MAX

Programming tool movements in con-versational format

To program a block, start by pressing the dialoguekey. In the screen headline, the WinNC then asks youfor all the information necessary to program.

Example of a dialogue:Initiate the dialogue.

CoordinatesEnter the target coordinate for the X axis.Enter the target coordinate for the Y axis and go to

the next question by pressing .

Radius compensation: RL/ RR/ no compensation?Enter "No radius compensation" and got to the next

question by pressing .

Feed rate F=? / F MAX = ENTEnter a feed rate of 100 mm/min for this path contour;

go to the next question by pressing .

Miscellaneous function M?Enter the miscellaneous function M3 "spindle

ON clockwise"; pressing the key willterminate this dialogue.

The program window displays the following line:3 L X+10 Y+5 R0 F100 M3

Functions for setting the feed rate

10

20

100

3

Rapid traverse

Function Key

Ignore the dialogue question

End the dialogue immediately

Abort the dialogue and delete


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C24


Editing a program

While you are creating or editing a part program,you can select any desired line in the program orindividual words in a block with the arrow keys orthe soft keys:

Function Soft keys/ keys

Go to previous page

Go to next page

Go to beginning of program

Go to end of program

Move from one block to thenext

Select individual words in ablock

Set the selected word to zero

Delete an incorrect number

Clear a (non-blinking) errormessage

Delete the selected word

Delete the selected block

Erase cycles and programsections: Select the last blockof the cylcle or program sectionto be deleted, then erase withthe DEL key

PAGE

F3

PAGE

F4

BEGIN

F1

END

F2


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C25


MOD-functions

The MOD functions provide additional displays andinput possibilities. The available MOD functions de-pend on the selected operating mode.

Selecting MOD functions

Select the operating mode in which you wish to changethe MOD function.

Press the MOD key. The illustrations on the leftshow the typical screen menus in test run (see pictureon the upper left) and in a machine operating mode(see picture on the lower left).

Changing the settings

There are three possibilites to change a setting,depending on the function selected:

Enter a numerical value directly, e.g. when deter-mining the traverse range limit.

Change a setting by pressing the ENT key, e.g.when setting the program input.

Change a setting via a selection window. If thereare more setting possibilities available, you cansuperimpose a window, that lists all given possi-bilities, by pressing the GOTO key. Directly selectthe desired setting by pressing the arrow key and

then conrming with the key. If you don`twant to change the setting, close the window with

the key.

Exiting the MOD-Funktionen

Press the

ENDF8 soft key or the key.


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D1

programmingWinnC HeidenHainTnC 426 ConversaTional

D: Programming

Notice:

This programming manual describes all functions that can be carried throughby means of the Heidenhain TNC 426.However, it depends on the machine, which you use the WinNC for, whichfunctions are available.Example:The milling machine Concept Mill 55 does not have a position-controlled mainspindle, which means that no spindle positions can be programmed.


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D2


Overview M- commands

COMMAND EFFECT

M0 Programmed stop

M1 Optional stop (program stop only with opt. stop)

M2 Program end

M3 Spindle ON clockwise

M4 Spindle ON counterclockwise

M5 Spindle OFF

M6 Tool changeM8 Coolant ON

M9 Coolant OFF

M10 Dividing head, clamping ON

M11 Dividing head, clamping OFF

M17 End of subprogram

M25 OPEN clamp/ machine vice

M26 CLOSE clamp/ machine vice

M27 Swivel dividing head

M30 Main program end

M71 Puff blowing device ON

M72 Puff blowing device OFF

M99 Cycle call


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D3


Cycle Softkey

DRILLING/THREADCycles for Drilling, Tapping and Thread Milling

POCKETS/STUDS/SLOTSCycles for milling pockets, studs and slots

PATTERNCycles for Machining Hole Patterns

SL-CYCLESCycles for complex contours

MULTIPAGESCycles for multipass milling

COORDINATE TRANSFORMATIONCycles for Coordinate Transformation

SPECIAL CYCLESDwell Time, Program Call, Oriented Spindle Stop

Overview Cycles

DRILLING/

THREADF1

POCKETS/STUDS/SLOTS

F2

COORD.

TRANSF.F3

SL-CYCLES

F4

PATTERN

F5

MULTIPAGES

F6

SPECIAL-

CYCLESF7


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D4


Calculating operators

Pocket Calculator

Operation

The WinNC features an integrated pocket calculator

with the most important mathematical functions.You can open and close the window for the pocketcalculator with the CALC key.You can move the window to any desired location onthe screen by using the arrow keys. You select thecalculating function via short commands on the key-board. The short commands are shown in a specialcolour in the calculator window.When you are writing a program and the programmingdialogue is active, you can use the actual-position-capture key to copy the result of the calculator windowdirectly into the highlighted position in the currentblock.

COMMAND DESIGNATION MEANING

+, -, *, : Fundamental operations

S SIN Sine function

C COS Cosine function

T TAN Tangent function

AS ARCSIN Arc sine function

AC ARCCOS Arc cosine function

AT ARCTAN Arc tangent function

^ Powers

Q SQR Square root

/ 1/x Inversion

( ) Parenthetic calculations

P PI Circular graduation number pi (3.14159265359)

= Display result

ENTER Display result


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D5


Programming graphics

Generating/ not generating program-ming graphics during programming

While you are creating a program, the WinNC cangenerate a 2-D pencil-trace graphic of the program-med contour.

Press the SPLIT SCREEN key and thePGM+GRAPHICS soft key to switch the screenlayout to show the program on the left and thegraphics on the right.

Set the AUTO DRAW soft key to ON. Whileyou are entering the program lines, the WinNCshows every programmed path contour in thegraphics window on the right screen half.

If you do not wish to have graphics generated during

programming, set the AUTO DRAW to OFF.

Generating a graphic for an existingprogram

To generate graphics, press the RESET + STARTsoft key.

Additional functions:

Notice:If AUTO DRAW is ON, graphics are notgenerated for program section repeats or sub-programs.

AUTO

DRAWOFF/ONF8

RESET+

STARTF8


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D6


F2 F3 F4 F5 F6

WINDOWAS

BLK FORMF7

WINDOWDETAIL

F8F1

Block number display ON/ OFF

Magnifying or reducing a detail

You can determine the display for a graphic byyourself. You select a detail for mangication orreduction by using a frame.

Select the soft-key-row for detail magnication/reduction (second row, see illustration at the leftcenter).

The following functions are available:

Reduce the frame - press and hold the soft key toreduce the detail

Conrm the selected areawith the WINDOW DETAILsoft key.

With the WINDOW BLK FORM soft key you canrestore the original section.

Show and move the frame. Press and holdthe desired soft key to move the frame.

Enlarge the frame - press and hold the softkey to magnify the detail

Shift the soft-key row: see illustrationon upper left

To show block numbers: Set theSHOW OMIT BLOCK NR. soft key

to SHOW.

To omit block numbers: Set theSHOW OMIT BLOCK NR. soft keyto OMIT.

Deleting the graphic

Shift the soft-key row: see illustrationon upper left.

To delete the graphic, press the

CLEAR GRAPHIC soft key

SHOWOMIT

BLOCK NR.F5

GRAFICS

DELETEF7


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D7


Tool movements

Path functions

A workpiece contour is composed of several contourelements such as straight lines and circular arcs.

With the path functions you can program the toolmovements for straight lines and circular arcs.

FK Free Contour programming

If a production drawing is not dimensioned for NCand the dimensions given are not sufcient for theNC program, you can program the workpiece contourwith the FK free contour programming. The WinNCwill calculate the missing data.

Miscellaneous functions M

With the miscellaneous functions of the WinNC youcan control

the program run, e.g. a program interruption

the machine functions such as switching thespindle rotation and coolant supply on and off

the contouring behaviour of the tool

Subprograms and Program sectionrepeats

If a machine sequence occurs several times in a

program, you enter the sequence once and dene itas subprogram or program section repetition. If youwish to execute a specic program section only undercertain conditions, you also dene this machining se-quence as a subprogram. In addition, you can have apart program call a further part program for execution.

Programming with Q parameters

In a part program Q parameters stand for numericalvalues. You assign the values to the Q parametersseparately with the Q parameter functions. You can

use Q parameters for programming mathematicalfunctions that control program execution or describea contour.


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D8


Fundamentals of path functions

Programming tool movements forworkpiece machining

You create a part program by programming the pathfunctions for the single elements of the workpiececontour in sequence. You do this by entering thecoordinates of the end points of the contourelements, given in the production drawing. TheWinNC calculates the actual path of the tool fromthese coordinates and from the tool data and radiuscompensation.

The WinNC simultaneously moves all machine axesthat you have programmed in the program block of

a path function.

Movements parallel to the machine axes

The program block contains one coordinate: TheWinNC moves the tool parallely to the programmedmachine axis.

The part program is executed by movement of themachine table on which the workpiece is clamped. Youalways program path contours as if the tool moves.

Examplel:L X+100 L ...........Path function for Straight line X+100 ...Coordinate of the end pointThe tool retains the Y and Z coordinates and movesto the position X=100 (see illustration on upper left).

Movements in the main planesThe program block contains two coordinates: TheWinNC moves the tool in the programmed plane.

Example:L X+70 Y+50The tool retains the Z coordinate and moves in the

XY plane to the position X=70, Y=50 (see illustrationat the left center).

Three-dimensional movementThe program block cotnains three coordinates. TheWinNC moves the tool in space to the programmedposition.

Examplel:L X+80 Y+0 Z-10


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D9


Circles and circular arcs

The WinNC traverses two machine axes simulta-neously in circular movements: The tool moves ina circular path relative to the workpiece. For circularmovements you can enter a circle center CC.

You program circles in the main planes by means ofthe path functions for circular arcs: the main planeis dened when you set the spindle axis during aTOOL CALL.

Direction of rotation DR for circular movements

The direction of rotation DR has to be dened forcircular movements.

clockwise direction of rotation: DR

counterclockwise direction of rotation: DR+

Notice:Circles that do not lie in the main plane are alsoprogrammed by using the Q parameters.(see chapter G)

Spindle axis Main plane

Z XY, also UV, XV, UY


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D10


Radius compensation

The radius compensation must be in the block inwhich you move to the rst contour element. Youmust not begin radius compensation in a circle block.It must be programmed beforehand as a straight-line

block (see "Path contours" - Cartesian coordinates)or as an approach block (APPR- block, see "Contourapproach and departure").

Pre-positioningBefore running a part program, always pre-positionthe tool to prevent the tool and the workpiece frombeing damaged.

Creating program blocks with path functionkeysThe gray path function keys initiate the conversatio-

nal format.The WinNC asks you successively for all the neces-sary information and inserts the program block intothe part program.

Example: Programming a straight line:Initiate the programming dialogue, e.g. for a straightline

Enter the coordinates of the straight-line end point.

Select the radius compensation:e.g press the RLsoft key and the tool moves to the left of the contour

Enter the feed rate and conrm with the ENT key:e.g. 100 mm/min. For programming in inches, enter100 for a feed rate of 10 ipm.

Move at rapid traverse: Press the F MAX soft key.

Enter a miscellaneous function, e.g. M3, and

terminate the dialogue with the key.

The part program now contains the following line:L X+10 Y+5 RL F100 M3

100

3

RL RRR0

F MAX

10

5


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APPR CLT

F4

APPR LT

F1

APPR LN

F2

APPR CT

F3

DEP LT

F5

DEP LN

F6

DEP CT

F7 F7

DEP LCT

F8

Contour approach and departure

Overview: Types of paths for contourapproach and departure

The functions APPR (approach) and DEP (departure)

are activated with the key. You can then selectthe following path functions with the correspondingsoft keys:

Approaching a straight line withtangential connection

Approaching a straight lineperpendicular to a contour point

Approaching a circular arcwith tangential connection

Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from astraight line to the contour.

Departing a straight linewith tangential connection.

Departinga straight line perpendi-cular to a contour point

Departing a circular arc with

tangential connection

Approaching and departing a helixThe tool approaches and departs a helix on itsextension and connects to the contour on a tangentialcircular arc.You program helix approach and departure

with the APPR CT and DEP CT functions.

Departing on a circular arc tangentiallyconnecting the contour and a straight line.


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Important positions for approach anddeparture

Starting point PS

You program this position directly before the APPRblock.

Ps lies outside the contour and is approached

without radius compensation (R0).

Auxiliary point PH

Some of the paths for approach and departurego through an auxiliary point P

Hthat the WinNC

calculates from your input in the APPR or DEPblock.

First contour point PA

and last contour point PE

You program the rst contour point PA in the

APPR block. The last contour point PE can be

programmed with any path function. If the APPR block also

contains a Z axis coordinate, the WinNC will rstmove the tool to P

H1in the working plane and then

move it to the entered depth in the tool axis.

Endpoint PN

The position PN lies outside of the contour and

results from your input in the DEP block. If theDEP block also contains a Z axis coordinate, theWinNC will rst move the tool to P

H2in the working

plane and then move it to the entered height inthe tool axis.

The WinNC does not check whether the programmed

contour will be damaged when moving from the actualposition to the auxiliary point PH. Check before by

using the graphics !

When using the functions APPR LT, APPR LN andAPPR CT the WinNC moves the tool from the actualposition to the auxiliary point P

Hat the feed rate/ rapid

traverse that was programmed last.

When using the APPR LCT function the WinNC movesthe tool to the auxiliary point P

Hat the feed rate that

was programmed in the APPR block.

The coordinates can be entered in an absolute or

incremental way in Cartesian coordinates or polarcoordinates.

Radius compensationThe radius compensation is programmed togetherwith the rst contour point P

Ain the APPR block.

The DEP blocks automatically remove the radiuscompensation!Approach without radius compensation: If you pro-gram the APPR block with R0, the WinNC will cal-culate the tool path for a tool radius of 0 mm and aradius compensation RR! The radius compensationis necessary to set the direction of contour approach

and departure in the APPR/DEP LN and APPR/DEPCT functions.

Used abbreviations and their meaning:

APPR ApproachDEP DepartureL LineC CircleT Tangential (continuous, smooth connection)N Normal (perpendicular)


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Approaching on a straight line withtangential connection: APPR LT

The WinNC moves the tool on a straight line from thestarting point P

Sto an auxiliary point P

H. From there

it moves to the rst contour point PAon a straight line

that connects tangentially to the contour. The auxiliarypoint P

Hhas the distance LEN to the rst contour

point PA.

Use any path function to approach the starting point P

S

Initiate the dialogue with the APPR/DEP key andthe APPR LT soft key:

Coordinates of the rst contour point PA

LEN: Distance from the auxiliary point PHto the

rst contour point PA

Radius compensation RR/RL for machining

Example NC blocks7 L X+40 Y+10 RO FMAX M3 Approach P

Swithout radius compensation

8 APPR LT X+20 Y+20 Z-10 LEN15 RR F100 PA

with radius comp. RR, distance PHto P

A: LEN=15

9 L Y+35 Y+35 End point of the rst contour element10 L ... Next contour element.

Approaching on a straight line perpen-dicular to the rst contour point: APPRLN



8 APPR LT X+20 Y+20 Z-10 LEN15 RR F100 PA

with radius comp. RR, distance PHto P

A: LEN=15

9 L Y+35 Y+35 End point of the rst contour element10 L ... Next contour element



H. From there

it moves to the rst contour point PAon a straight line

perpendicular to the contour. The auxiliary point PH

has the distance LEN plus the tool radius to the rstcontour point P

A.

Use any path function to approach the starting point PS

Initiate the dialogue with the APPR/DEP key andthe APPR LT soft key:


Length: Distance to the auxiliary point PH. Always

enter LEN as a positive value.



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Approaching on a circular path withtangential connection: APPR CT



H. From there it

moves to the rst contour point PAfollowing a circular

arc that is tangential to the rst contour element. Thearc from P

Hnach P

Ais determined through the radius

R and the center angle CCA. The direction of rotationof the circular arc is automatically derived from thetool path for the rst contour element. Use any path function to approach the starting

point PS.

Initiate the dialogue with the APPR/DEP key andthe APPR CT softkey:


Radius R of the circular arc Approaching the workpiece in the direction

dened by the radius compensation: Enter R

as a positive value. Approaching the workpiece opposite to the radius compensation: Enter R as a negative value Center angle CCA of the circular arc Enter CCA only as a positive value Maximum input value 360 Radius compensation RR/RL for machining



8 APPR CT X+10 Y+20 Z-10 CCA180 R+10 RR F100 PA

with radius compensation RR, radius R=109 L X+20 Y+35 End point of the rst contour element10 L ... Next contour element

Approaching on a circular arc with tan-gential connection from a straight lineto the contour: APPR LCT



H. From there

it moves to the rst contour point PAon a circular arc.

The feed rate programmed in the APPR block is active.The circular arc is tangentially connected both to thestraight line P

S-P

Hand to the rst contour element.

Herewith it is completely dened by the radius R. Usa any path function to approach the

starting point PS.

Intitiate the dialogue with the APPR/DEP key andthe APPR LCT soft key:


Radius R of the circular arc: Enter R as a positivevalue.




8 APPR LCT X+10 Y+20 Z-10 R10 RR F100 PA

with radius compensation RR, radius R=109 L X+20 Y+35 End point of the rst contour element10 L ... Next contour element


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Departing on a straight line with tan-gential connection: DEP LT

The WinNC moves the tool on a straight line from thelast contour point P

Eto the end point P

N. The straight

line lies in the extension of the last contour element.

PNhas the distance LEN from PE. Program the last contour element with the end

point PE and radius compensation

Initiate the dialogue with the APPR/DEP key andthe DEP LT soft key

LEN: Enter the distance from the end point PNto

the last contour element PE.

Departing on a straight line perpendi-cular to the last contour point: DEP LN

The WinNC moves the tool on a straight line fromthe last contour point P

E to the end point P

N. The

straight line departs on a perpendicular path fromthe last contour point P

E. P

Nhas a distance LEN plus

the tool radiusfrom P

E.

Program the last contour element with the end

point PE and radius compensation. Initiate the dialogue with the APPR/DEP key and

the DEP LT soft key

LEN: Enter the distance from the end point PN.

Important: Always enter LEN as a positive value!

Example NC blocks23 L Y+20 RR F100 Last contour element: P

Ewith radius compensation

24 DEP LT LEN12,5 F100

Documents

HeidenhainTNC426 Mill en D 01