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Hello World on the Android Platform. Getting the Tools Setup. Need to Install… Eclipse (the IDE) Android SDK Java JDK (not just the JRE) Quick Start Guide is Here: http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html. Integration. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Hello World on the Android Platform
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Getting the Tools Setup
Need to Install… Eclipse (the IDE) Android SDK Java JDK (not just the JRE)
Quick Start Guide is Here:
http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
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Integration
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Then you need to integrate Eclipse and The Android Developer Toolkit
http://developer.android.com/sdk/eclipse-adt.html
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Android SDK Versions
You then need to download SDK versions of Android to run your program against
The Android SDK Manager in Eclipse will do this
You don’t need the latest version – it’s slow API 7 (Android 2.1) is good & compatible with
most devices
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The AVD
An Android Virtual Device (a simulator) needs to be created.
You will specify this in Eclipse Includes the features that this virtual phone will
have, such as touch screen, etc.
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The Tutorial
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http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html
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The Result
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Android Virtual Device can be a little quirky and take time to load
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Android Application Fundamentals
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Getting the Tools Setup
Assuming you have Eclipse And the SDK setup
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Android Online Tutorial
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals.html
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App Fundamentals Apps are stored in an .apk file
Components in a Program Activities – most important part Services Broadcast Receivers Content Providers Intents – a message that is sent Widgets Notifications
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Activities A GUI element An activity can contain views such as buttons
or check boxes
One Activity is designated (in the Manifest) as where to “start” the application
These are the “forms” of the application – the presentation layer
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Services
Not part of the GUI A background process
Playing audio Network communication Can be spawned in another thread
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Broadcast Receivers
A “listener” that receives announcements From the system – battery is low Broadcast Receivers could notify the user of
something, for example
A broadcast receiver receives an “Intent” – a message, and respond to create an event-driven application
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Content Providers
A method of interprocess communication to make data from your app available to other apps
Or, vice-versa Implemented through a ContentProvider and
a ContentResolver (to get the data). Example: The Contacts list in the phone –
your application could access this.
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Intents
The actual message that is sent
An Intent to a Broadcast Receiver might announce that a picture has been taken
You can send an Intent to another application as well.
Intents are commonly used to launch a second Activity (screen)
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Widgets
Visual components that can be added to the user’s home screen
Special broadcast receivers
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Notifications
Signal a user without interrupting the current activity.
Example – text message comes in.
We can trigger those notifications programmatically
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The Result
Think about apps as a collection of these independent pieces, passing messages to one another.
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Application and ActivityClasses
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The Application Class
Your app will extend the Application class
Your application object is a singleton (only one object may be instantiated)
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Application Classpublic class MyApplication extends Application{
private static MyApplication singleton;
@Override public final void onCreate() {
super.onCreate(); // call the parentsingleton = this;// any other of my code
} @Override public final void onTerminate() {
super.onTerminate(); // call the parent// now my code
}
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MyApplication class
I can override… onCreate( ) onTerminate( ) – no guarantee this gets called onLowMemory( ) onConfigurationChanged( )
Need to call the superclass methods in each of your overridden methods
Sometimes the system kills your app w/ no notice
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Android Activity
The basis for the application
The program will start running here, and we can add user interface elements (such as Views) to the Activity
This is done in xml files in the ‘res’ folder
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Android Activities
import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;
public class MyActivity extends Activity{ // override the base class onCreate() }
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Activities -> Views
We need to add a view to our activity to create a GUI
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Resources
The /res folder contains xml files We can specify in xml
GUI elements (using xml is preferred to using code)
String constants to be used in the program Other resources the program needs, such as
sounds or images
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DroidDraw
DroidDraw can help with the screen layouts
http://www.droiddraw.org/
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Styles and Themes
You can also create a style for all of the Activities in your app
Similar to css for web pages
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/themes.html