Music Industry

Quiz Show

Multiple Questions

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Helps with major business decisions, assists with the creative process, promotes an artist's career, assembles & heads the artist's professional team, etc.

Union Representative

Promoter

Agent

Manager

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

The person involved almost exclusively in booking live personal appearances

A&R

Producer

Promoter

Agent

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

A&R, Sales, Marketing, Promotion, Product Management, New Media, Finance, Business Affairs/Legal

Venue

Record Studio

Union

Record Company

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Networks that move records from manufacturing plants into the stores

Record Company

Retail

Manufacturing

Distribution

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Record companies and recording artists, as well as the writers and publishers, all make money based on the sale of recordings, as well as through later playing and reuse of their work.

Earnings

Salary

Fees

Royalties

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Bringing the creative product into a tangible form (i.e. CD) by maximizing the creative process and taking care of all necessary administration (booking studio time, staying on budget, etc.).

Manager

Agent

Promoter

Producer

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

A form of property ownership for certain types of artistic & creative works.

Publishing

Fees

Royalties

Copyright

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Encourage new material, produce demo recordings and printed music (scores), manage all associated copyright and royalty licensing/PRS requirements.

Union Representative

Agent

Promoter

Publisher

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Grants permissions to work with, study, improve upon, reinterpret, re-record copyright material (e.g. recording someone else’s song). Example: NOW! CD

PPL

PRS

MCPS

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

A musician who contributes to a recording or a live performance but is not actually a full time member of the band.

Band Musician

Full-time Musician

Orchestra Musician

Session Musician

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Agencies that collect royalties on behalf of songwriters when a song they have written is performed

PPL

MCPS

PRS

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Who prepares & transfers audio from one raw format to a desired mater format and refines the sound quality

Producer

Sound Engineer

Recording Engineer

Mastering Engineer

Connect

Organisation founded & funded by organisations

that serves as their ‘voice’

Organised group of workers to pursue policies that are

favourable for the workers

MU

Equity

BECTU

(Union) Broadcasting & film

Musicians’ Union

Trade Body (Association)

Union

(Union) Actors, dancers, backstage,

choreographers, directors

Link the definition to the correct answer

Trade body for those involved in the PRODUCTION of recorded music (producers, engineers)

Trade body for those involved in the AUDIO industry (audio engineer, recording studio)

Trade body for those who supply LIGHTING and SOUND

technologies

They lobby (put pressure) the government for policies that

will protect their industry

Will represent a performer in case of a dispute over a

contract or unfair dismissal

Union

PLASA

MPG

APRS

Trade Body

Continued…

Question & Answer

What are the two major sources of income for a music publisher?

MCPS & PRS

Which department of the record label works to get an artist's song played on radio?

Promotion

A company with major networks that move physical records from manufacturing plants into the store

Distributor

Who collects royalties for the writer/composer?

PRS

What is the main advantage to signing a record deal with a major label?

Effective promotion and distribution

Which department of the record label handles advertising, publicity, and album-cover artwork?

Marketing

Who collects royalties for the recording artist?

PPL

Longer Answers

What is the benefit of self-producing?The artist doesn't need to give a percentage of

their royalties to a record label. They also have more creative freedom.

How do music artists make money?

Through royalties collected from any play of their song or a cut from the sales of their

music.

Who pays for the PPL and PRS for Music?

They take a cut from the royalties collected. They are non-profit organisations paid for by

the music industry.

List 3 things Marketing do…

• Advertising and Image• Branding• Figure out how to sell product

List 3 things Production do…

• Assemble what is needed for a recording

• Quality control - makes things sound right

• Producers of the physical CDs

List 1 thing Distribution does…

• Getting products into the market place (stores)

List examples of New Media…

• Digital distribution (i.e. Spotify, iTunes)

• Social media • Internet branding (i.e.band

websites)

Sales are in the area of…

Retail (shops)

Describe Major Recording Companies

• Owned by corporations• Various departments (A&R), big staff

• Developing artist commercially

• Own the means of distribution Universal, Sony, Warner

Describe Independent Recording Companies

• Stand alone (independent)

• Small, minimal staff• Musical niche (specific type of music)

• Develop artist more individually

More Connect

Oversee the recording of an artist

Choose the music & organise rehearsals

Choose suitable microphones

Carry/ transport equipment to event

Fix broken string

Instrumental support

Sound Engineer

Producer

Musical Director

Roadie

Link Description to Person

Organise tour dates & shows

Check Health & Safety

Schedule times in studio

Publicise a concert

Gather prices for advertisements

Marketing

Studio Management

Artistic Management

Venue Management

Promoter

More…

Scouting for new talent

Complete the audio mastering

Create sequencer & apps

Sells CDs

Self-employed musician

Freelance

Software Engineer

A&R

Mastering Engineer

Retail

And more…

The EXPLAIN Question: More detailed answer

- Be specific - Explain WHY (‘because…’) - Give examples HOW (‘by…’)

This will give you more marks

BAD EXAMPLE: Explain why it is important that Health & Safety check a venue

To make sure that everything is okay

Don’t use words such as ‘everything’ or ‘things’ and explain what you mean (‘because’…) by giving examples (‘by’…)

GOOD EXAMPLE: Explain why it is important that Health & Safety check a venue

H&S need to check that the venue is safe for performers and the audience

BY (how) ensuring that electrical equipment is safe; that there is clean water available and toilets are hygienic; that obstacles are will let and taped; there is crowd control; security at gates.

This is BECAUSE (why) H&S protects the health, safety and welfare of the general public, the employees of the venue and the performers. They operate alongside civil law, which means that if not done properly the venue management could be sued.

• IMPLICATION: ‘The conclusion that can be drawn from something’

• You must DRAW CONCLUSIONS from the statement/question that is given.

• = What would happen if? : ‘Discuss the implications of Vocalise buying into a tour.’ = ‘What would happen if Vocalise bought into a tour.’

IMPLICATIONS Framework - Define: important words briefly - Pros: beneficial (good) conclusions - Cons: disadvantageous (bad) conclusions - Your Conclusion: ‘Therefore’ = your balanced opinion

• DEFINE: Vocalise is a local choir. Buying into a tour is when a musician or band pays a fee in exchange for being the opening act on a tour

• PROS: - buying an audience & greater exposure for Vocalise - the tour is organised already: no need to contact venues managers or promoters. - quicker way to access larger venues for Vocalise• CONS: - will be very expensive and Vocalise could make a loss - the audience is not targeted specifically for Vocalise, and therefore the tour may not be successful - without prior experience the singers may not be ready for such a large venue.• CONCLUSION:Whilst buying into a tour seems like an easy option for Vocalise to gain exposure, the cost could be prohibitive and it may not benefit the choir as the tour will not be catered to their music. Therefore, it would be better for Vocalise not to buy into a tour, and instead gain experience by performing in local venues, gradually working their way up the music industry.

Example: Discuss the implications of Vocalise buying into a tour. (‘what if’…)

Do the same as implications:• DEFINE TERMS (very

briefly)• PROS (good)• CONS (bad)• YOUR CONCLUSION

(therefore)

Links in the Music Industry

• Keep an eye on the time• Answer the question: Make sure you read and re-read

the question thoroughly and keep to the question• You could do the easiest questions first and don’t get

stuck: move on and come back later• Look at the marking scheme: if there are 4 marks,

then there are probably 4 key points• Take a bottle of water: it helps refresh the brain &

settle nerves• Use common sense: imagine you are in the scenario –

what would you do?• BE SPECIFIC & DETAILED: HOW (‘by’…) & WHY

(‘because’…)

…Good Luck

And finally during the exam…