Henning Sten Hansen, Line Hvingel & Lise Schrøder (AAU) … · (World Economic Forum, 2014) The Networked Readiness Index (NRI), part of the 2014 Global Information Technology Report:

LISE SCHRØDER│ AALBORG UNIVERSITY

Henning Sten Hansen, Line Hvingel & Lise Schrøder (AAU)

Jesper Høi Skovdal (Geoforum Denmark)

LISE SCHRØDER AALBORG UNIVERSITY

Presentation overview

• Background

• Nordic surveys

• The way forward

• Concluding remarks


Transforming government –and society

Benefits/Costs

Time/Complexity/Integration

Web presence

Interaction

Transaction

Transformation

E-Democracy

Five-stage model of e-government

(Siau & Long, 2005)

Political

Leap

Culture Leap

Technology jump

Technology jump

Transformin

g

government

service

Automating

existing

process


E-readiness is a measure of the quality of a country’s ICT infrastructure

and the ability of its consumers, businesses and governments to use ICT

to their benefit

E-readiness / digital economy


ICT to boost competitivenessand wellbeing

The Global InformationTechnology Report 2014

(World Economic Forum, 2014)

The Networked Readiness Index (NRI), part of the 2014 Global Information

Technology Report: The Risks and Rewards of Big Data, published today,

ranks 148 countries for the quality of their digital infrastructure and ability to

use ICTs to generate economic growth, foster innovation and improve the

well-being of their citizens.


ICT to boost competitivenessand wellbeing

(World Economic Forum, 2014)

Finland (1) – ‘Technology savvy society’:

- outstanding digital infrastructure – perhaps the best in the world (referring to GITR)

- 90% of its population using the internet, high levels of innovation,

- reaping the rewards of investing heavily in ICT after a crisis in the mid-1990s

Sweden (3) – ‘Innovation eco-system’:

- world-class yet affordable digital infrastructure and stable pro-business

environment, despite high tax rates.

- outstanding use of ICTs by individuals, businesses and government

- one of the highest innovation performances in the world

- a truly knowledge-based society

Norway (5) – ‘highly networked’:

- well-developed and affordable ICT infrastructure

- Digital uptake is almost universal among Norway’s population: 95% are internet

users and more than 90% have home access to a personal computer and internet

- a stable pro-business and pro-innovation environment

- a government aware of the importance of connectivity for the economic and social

development of a geographically vast nation with a widely dispersed population.


Dynamics

People Data

Access

Network

Policies

Standards

Spatial Data Infrastructure

(Rajabifard et al, 2002)

SDI and the digital society


‘The term 'spatially enabled society' attempts to describe an emerging cultural and governancerevolution: pervasive spatial information technologies and spatially equipped citizens are changing the way economies, people, and environments are managed and organized. Economic wealth, social stability and environmental protection can be facilitated through the development of spatial information products and services created by all levels of society including governments, the business sector, and citizens’

Spatially Enabled Society by Enemark and Rajabifard (2011)

Spatial enablement


ULI has made surveys n Sweden for more than 10 years – the latest in 2013

GI Norden wanted to have similar surveyes in all Nordic countries

• Denmark 2009 and 2014

• Finland 2010 and one forthcoming

• Norge and Iceland are still missing

Nordic GIS-readiness surveys


Increasing use of GIS

43 % of the organisations are usign mobile GIS

Swedish surveys 2003, 2007 and 2013

(ULI, 2013)


Public organisations using GIS

According to the 2013 swedish survey it is almost 90 %

- and in the Danish 93 %

(ULI, 2013)


New ways of working with GIS

43 % of the organisations in Sweden are using mobile GIS

In Denmark the number is 68 % of the organisations in Sweden are using mobile GIS

(ULI, 2013)


Hansen et al (2010)

Denmark Sweden Finland

http://icaci.org/files/documents/IC

C_proceedings/ICC2009/html/no

nref/3_25.pdf

http://www.gsdidocs.org/gsdiconf/

GSDI-9/slides/TS61.5.pdf

SDI Strategies


Mostly geografisk information retrieval and simple standard analysis (2008-2010 surveys)

In Denmark the 2014 picture is almost similar

Use of geographical information

Danmark Sverige Finland

Production, mapping 10 % 15 % 19 %

Development, research, teaching 9 % 2 % 7 %

Simple use 58 % 58 % 26 %

Advanced use 12 % 11 % 12 %

Support, management 6 % 7 % 14 %

Other 4 % 7 % 22 %


Dynamics

People Data

Access

Network

Policies

Standards

From Data to People

2014

2002


From PSI and INSPIRE directives to smart government

• The PSI Directive was implemented in July 2005 aiming at regulating and stimulating PSI

• Originally the idea was to make all PSI available for re-use

• Pressures from some member states lowered the ambitions to just encouraging freeing public sector information

• A key objective of the INSPIRE Directive is to make more and better spatial information available for Community policy-making

• A fundamental principle is that ‘spatial data needed for good governance should be available on conditions that are not restricting its extensive use’


Open Government data

Data must be accessible

Data must be machine

processable

Access must be

non-discriminatory

Data must be complete

Data must be primary

Data must be timely

Data formats must be

non-proprietary

Data must be license free

DKOGD principles FIN

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✓ ✔✔

✗ ✗

IS

✔✓

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✗

✗

NL

✔✓

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✔✓

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UK

✔

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ES

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On going

research


To be continued …

The present survey provides an updated image of status and

challenges in relation to the use of spatial information, the

construction of the common infrastructure for spatial

information, and the work related to the further development

of the foundation for the digital administration.

One of the thought-provoking trends is that INSPIRE seems

to be discussed less in the organisations.

On the other hand, there is no doubt that standards continue

to be considered of great significance, not at least in relation

to metadata, data quality and data specifications, just as

spatial data are clearly being communicated more and more.


Thank you for your attention

SDI Research Group – Aalborg University

Henning Sten Hansen, Bent Hulegaard Jensen

Line Hvingel & Lise Schrøder

Geoforum Denmark

Jesper Høi Skovdal

Mail: [email protected]

Documents

Henning Sten Hansen, Line Hvingel & Lise Schrøder (AAU) … · (World Economic Forum, 2014) The Networked Readiness Index (NRI), part of the 2014 Global Information Technology Report: