Henri de La Rochejaquelein - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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Henri de la Rochejaquelein

Henri de la Roch ejaquelein, by Pierre-Narcisse Gurin

Born 30 August 1772

Maulon, Kingdom of FranceDied 28 January1794 (aged 21)

Nuaill, French First Republic

Allegiance Kingdom of France

Royalist rebels

Service/branch French Royal Army

Years of

service

17901794

Rank GeneralissimoCommands

held

Catholic and Royal Army

Battles/warsInsurrection of 10 August 1792War in the Vende

Battle of Thouars

First Battle of Fontenay-le-

Comte

Second Battle of Fontenay-

le-Comte

Battle of Saumur

First Battle of Chtillon

Henri de la RochejaqueleinFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Henri du Vergier, comte de la Rochejaquelein(30

August 1772 28 January 1794[1]), was the youngestgeneral of the Royalist Vendan insurrection during

the FrenchRevolution.

Contents

1 Life1.1 Earlyactivities1.2 Rebellion1.3 Final months

2 Notes3 References4 External links

Life

Early activities

Born in the Chteau de la Durbellire, Saint-Aubin-de-Baubign, near Chtillon, La Rochejaqueleinoined the Royal Polish Regiment, of which his

father as colonel, in 1787.[2]In February 1789 hebecame a member of the Flanders regiment of

chasseurs.[3]In March 1792 he became a member ofthe Constitutional Guard, charged with protecting the

king.[4]He fought for the first time defending theTuileries Palace on the 10th of August attack of1792, as an officer of the Constitutional Guard ofKing Louis XVI.

Returning to his home province, he refused tocomply with the leve en massecalled by theoutbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars andoined his cousin Louis Marie de Lescure on the

latter's estates in Poitou.

Rebellion

Resistance to conscription soon escalated into a fullrebellion, known as the War in the Vendee. Soonafter, la Rochejaquelein and his compatriots startedfighting the troops of the French Republic with Louis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fontenay-le-Comtehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_d%27Elb%C3%A9ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_(land)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poitouhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuileries_Palacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_August_(French_Revolution)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Bourbonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_d%27Elb%C3%A9ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_First_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_the_Vendeehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poitouhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_(land)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Marie_de_Lescurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Warshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lev%C3%A9e_en_massehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XVI_of_Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_Guardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_August_(French_Revolution)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuileries_Palacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maul%C3%A9on,_Deux-S%C3%A8vreshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Aubin-de-Baubign%C3%A9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_the_Vend%C3%A9ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Bourbonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_la_Rochejacqueleinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_Ch%C3%A2tillonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Saumur_(1793)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Fontenay-le-Comtehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fontenay-le-Comtehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Thouarshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_the_Vend%C3%A9ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_August_(French_Revolution)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_and_Royal_Armyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalissimohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Royal_Army_(1652%E2%80%931830)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolt_in_the_Vend%C3%A9ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_First_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuaill%C3%A9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maul%C3%A9on,_Deux-S%C3%A8vreshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-Narcisse_Gu%C3%A9rinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri-de-la-rochejacquelein-1.jpg


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Battle of Luon

Second Battle of Chtillon

Battle of Cholet

Vire de Galerne

Battle of Laval

Battle of Entrames

Battle of Fougres

Battle of Granville

Battle of Dol

Siege of Angers

Battle of Le Mans

Henri de La Rochejacquelein at the Battleof Cholet in 1793, by Paul-mileBoutigny,

The Death of Henri de LaRochejaquelein, painting byAlexandre Bloch

d'Elbeand theMarquisde

Bonchamps from April 1793. There, he gave famous order"Mes amis, si j'avance, suivez-moi! Si je recule, tuez-moi! Si

je meurs, vengez-moi!" ("Friends, if I advance, follow me! IfI retreat, kill me! If I die, avenge me!").

Leading a few thousand Vendan peasants, LaRochejaquelein gained his first victory over the FrenchRevolutionary Army on 13 April, took part to the taking of

Bressuire on 3 May,[5]in the Battle of Fontenay-le-Comte on 25 May and in the Battle of Saumur on 9June. At Fontenay he was famous for his contempt for danger, wearing three red handkerchiefs - on his

head, around his neck and at his waist to defy the Republican gunners.[6]After Fontenay his companionsdecided that they would also wear three red handkerchiefs so that La Rochejacquelin could not be

singled out.[7]

In August, after the Battle of Luon, he regrouped the Vendan army, which was on the verge of beingdisbanded, and won the Battle of Chantonnay on 5 September. On 13 September the thumb of his righthand was shattered by a bullet during an engagement with Republicans at Martign-Briand but hecontinued to fire at his opponents. His famous portrait by Pierre Narcisse Gurin shows him with his

right arm in a sling, shooting with his left hand.[8]He had to retreat across the Loire after being beaten inthe Battle of Cholet, on 17 October.

Final months

On October 20, La Rochejaquelein was unanimously elected ascommander-in-chief of the Catholic and Royal Army at the age of21, replacing d'Elbe - who had been severely wounded in Cholet.However, his bravery did not compensate for his lack of experienceand strategic skills. He marched onto Granville, took Avranches on

November 12, but failed to seize Granville and retreated to Angersin order to cross the Loire.

Larger forces under Franois Sverin Marceau, Jean Baptiste

Klber, and Franois Joseph Westermann gave chase, defeating himonce in Le Mans on December 12, and again, more severely, on 23December in Savenay. After this decisive rout, the Catholic andRoyal Army was no longer a fighting force, and La Rochejacquelein
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savenayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Manshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Joseph_Westermannhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Kl%C3%A9berhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_S%C3%A9verin_Marceau-Desgraviershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avrancheshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granville,_Manchehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_and_Royal_Armyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commander-in-chiefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cholethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Narcisse_Gu%C3%A9rinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martign%C3%A9-Briandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chantonnayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lu%C3%A7onhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Saumur_(1793)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fontenay-le-Comtehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bressuirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Armyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Bonchampshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_d%27Elb%C3%A9ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mort_de_La_Rochejaquelein.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GuerreVend%C3%A9e_1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Le_Mans_(1793)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Angershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Dolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Granvillehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Foug%C3%A8reshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Entrameshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lavalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%A9e_de_Galernehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cholethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Ch%C3%A2tillonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lu%C3%A7on


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had to take to the woods disguised as a peasant.[9]He managed to save the remains of his army bycrossing the Loire, and left under the criticism of his fellow companions.

While trying to pursue a guerrilla war against the Republicans, he was killed by a Republican soldiernear Nuaill on 28 January 1794. On a reconnaissance mission he had spotted two Republican soldiers

who pretended to surrender to him, but then shot him in the forehead.[10]He was twenty-two years old.His brother Louis became the head of the royalists in Vende in 1813 and furthered the royalist cause

there during the Hundred Days period. He fell in battle at Pont-de-Mathis on 4 June 1815.[11]

Notes

1. George J. Hill, The Story of the War in La Vende and the Little Chouannerie (New York: D. & J. Sadlier &Co. n.d.), pp. 154-155. [1] (http://nobility.org/2011/02/03/larochejacquelein-is-killed-by-the-men-whose-life-he-spared/)

2. Chronicle of the French Revolution p.43 Longman Group 19893. Chronicle of the French Revolution p.83 Longman Group 19894. Chronicle of the French Revolution p.256 Longman Group 1989

5. Chronicle of the French Revolution p.336 Longman Group 19896. Pernoud, G. & Flaissier, S. The French Revolution, p.300 Secker & Warburg 19607. Chronicle of the French Revolution p.338 Longman Group 19898. Chronicle of the French Revolution p.367 Longman Group 19899. Schama, S. Citizens p.788 Penguin 1989

10. Chronicle of the French Revolution p.367 Longman Group 198911. Chambers's encyclopaedia (http://books.google.com/books?id=A2UMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA43&dq=vend%C

3%A9e+1813&lr=)

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed.(1911). "article name needed".Encyclopdia Britannica(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

External links

http://nobility.org/2011/02/03/larochejacquelein-is-killed-by-the-men-whose-life-he-spared/

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henri_de_la_Rochejaquelein&oldid=720451549"

Categories: 1772 births 1794 deaths People from Deux-Svres Marquesses de la RochejacqueleinFrench counter-revolutionaries Royalist military leaders of the War in the VendeFrench Royalist military leaders killed in the French Revolutionary Wars

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Henri de La Rochejaquelein - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia