Hi Friends!

• HL Students: Please turn your FOA reflections in to the basket in the front of the room.

• SL Students: Please open your packets to page 25 in your packet…

Language and the State: Propaganda

Just say no! p. 25 in packet

Guiding Questions

• How is language used in various media to inform and persuade the public?• What kinds of stylistic devices do we often see in

public service announcements?• What is the difference between indoctrination and

public information?• How might propaganda be good for the general

public?

Towards Assessment…The End Goal• Further Oral Activity: Have a discussion with a classmate about the

effectiveness of these ads. Do we still see ads like these from the 1980s today? If not, why? Which ad did you find the most convincing or educational? Give reasons for your answers. Cite examples of the propaganda techniques and argumentation fallacies from the ads in your further oral activity.

OR

• Written Task #1: You could write a letter to The Partnership for Drug-Free America with criticism of their advertising techniques. Point out how their ads use a lot of argumentation fallacies, which make the ads ineffective. Explain how the youth might even make fun of such ads.

Propaganda Techniques• Carefully uses words and pictures in a certain

way to influence:• Opinions• Emotions• Attitudes• Behavior

Famous Person

• An important person or famous figure endorses a product or an idea.• “It must be a good idea if _____ thinks it is.”

Like Sprite? Drake does.

Women and Obama

Bandwagon Effect• “Everyone is doing it, so you should too.”• A lot like peer pressure

Appeal to fear

• Negative words or images such as fear or shame that will happen to you if you use a product/or don’t use a product.

Slogans

• A slogan is a phrase used in a political or commercial campaign repeatedly. Slogans are meant to be simple, as they express a shared purpose or idea.

Analogytarget is unjustly compared to another source

GeneralizationsGeneralization occurs when large conclusions are drawn from a few instances.

Premise 1 - Girl 1, 2, 3 and 4 do not like pigs. (specific)Premise 2 - Girl 5 likes a man. (specific)Conclusion - Women like men over pigs. (general)weakness of inductive reasoning.

Generalizations

OR…

Premise 1 - Women do not like pigs. (general)Premise 2 - Pigs do not wear condoms. (general)Conclusion - If I want to be liked by women, then I must wear a condom (specific)

Equivocation

Equivocation is when a word is used in two different senses in an argument. Take for example the following syllogism:

A hamburger is better than nothingNothing is better than good healthTherefore, a hamburger is better than good health

The word 'nothing' has two meaningsCan be used to manipulate people, by making false arguments sound convincing.

Equivocation

Appeal to Authority

Appeal to authority is an argumentation technique, in which one refers to a source that claims to have authority. It is an argumentation fallacy because it assumes that authorities or institutions are right. This, however, does not have to be true by definition.

Source A says that premise 1 is correct

Source A is an authority

Therefore, A must be correct

Repetition

• If you repeat something over and over again, people will believe it

• Free Credit Report.com

P. 25 in packet…

• Public Service Announcements for Just Say No! campaign• Found on ThinkIB

This is a screen shot of the videos

Towards Assessment…The End Goal• Further Oral Activity: Have a discussion with a classmate about the

effectiveness of these ads. Do we still see ads like these from the 1980s today? If not, why? Which ad did you find the most convincing or educational? Give reasons for your answers. Cite examples of the propaganda techniques and argumentation fallacies from the ads in your further oral activity.

OR

• Written Task #1: You could write a letter to The Partnership for Drug-Free America with criticism of their advertising techniques. Point out how their ads use a lot of argumentation fallacies, which make the ads ineffective. Explain how the youth might even make fun of such ads.