Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first

Highland Science Department

Ionic Nomenclature


Ionic Nomenclature

the more metallic element always comes first


Ionic Nomenclature

Multivalent Ions: metals with more than one common valence

-the possible valences are indicated on your periodic table


Ionic Nomenclature

Multivalent Ions: metals with more than one common valence

-the possible valences are indicated on your periodic table

Polyatomic Ions: groups of atoms that behave as a single ion


Ionic Nomenclature

Polyatomic Ions:acetate CH3COO1-

ammonium NH41+

hydroxide OH1-

cyanide CN1-

permanganate MnO41-

thiocyanate SCN1-

hydrogen carbonateHCO31- (bicarbonate)


Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

One extra oxygen(per-ate)

Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen(-ite)

Two fewer oxygen (hypo-ite)

ClO31-

chlorate

NO31-

nitrate

CO32-

carbonate

SO42-

sulfate

PO43-

phosphate




Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen(-ite)

Two fewer oxygen(hypo-ite)

ClO41-

perchlorateClO3

1-

chlorate

NO41-

pernitrateNO3

1-

nitrate

CO42-

percarbonateCO3

2-

carbonate

SO52-

persulfateSO4

2-

sulfate

PO53-

perphosphatePO4

3-

phosphate




Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen (ite)


ClO41-

perchlorateClO3

1-

chlorateClO2

1-

chlorite

NO41-

pernitrateNO3

1-

nitrateNO2

1-

nitrite

CO42-

percarbonateCO3

2-

carbonateCO2

2-

carbonite

SO52-

persulfateSO4

2-

sulfateSO3

2-

sulfite

PO53-

perphosphatePO4

3-

phosphatePO3

3-

phosphite




Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen (ite)


ClO41-

perchlorateClO3

1-

chlorateClO2

1-

chloriteClO1-

hypochlorite

NO41-

pernitrateNO3

1-

nitrateNO2

1-

nitriteNO1-

hyponitrite

CO42-

percarbonateCO3

2-

carbonateCO2

2-

carboniteCO2-

hypocarbonite

SO52-

persulfateSO4

2-

sulfateSO3

2-

sulfiteSO2

2-

hyposulfite

PO53-

perphosphatePO4

3-

phosphatePO3

3-

phosphitePO2

3-

hypophosphite



NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX

1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate





2. # of consonants indicates # of oxygene.g. NICK has 3 = NO3






3. # of vowels indicates valencee.g. NICK has 1 = NO3

1-






3. # of vowels indicates valencee.g. NICK has 1 = NO3

1-

-add an oxygen to any to get "per-ate"-subtract an oxygen to get "ite"-subtract two oxygens to get "hypo-ite"


Formula Writing: criss cross method kris kross

1. Write the valences (oxidation numbers) beside each ion as superscripts

e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lGPv2r_A1o


Formula Writing: criss cross method

1. Write the valences (oxidation numbers) beside each ion as superscripts


2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts

Mg2 O2



1. Write the valences beside each ion as subscripts



Mg2 O2

3. Reduce the subscripts to their lowest formsMg1 O1






Mg2 O2


4. Do not write ones; they are understoodMg O






Mg2 O2


4. Do not write ones; they are understoodMg O

* For polyatomic ions, place the ion in brackets before writing the subscript



Try these:

1. sodium fluoride2. lithium oxide3. beryllium sulfide4. calcium chloride5. ammonium iodide6. magnesium carbonate



Try these:

1. sodium fluoride NaF2. lithium oxide Li2O3. beryllium sulfide BeS4. calcium chloride CaCl25. ammonium iodide NH4I6. magnesium carbonate MgCO3


Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules


Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules-reverse criss cross sorts out the valence of a multi-valent ion

e.g. FeO vs. Fe2O3

Fe1+ O1- Fe3+ O2-

-oxygen can only be O2- so...Fe2+ O2- Fe3+ O2-

double them both


Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules-reverse criss cross sorts out the valence of a multi-valent ion

e.g. FeO vs. Fe2O3

Fe1+ O1- Fe3+ O2-

-oxygen can only be O2- so...Fe2+ O2- Fe3+ O2-

double them both-the multi-valent ion valence is written in Roman numerals in brackets after the name

iron (II) oxide iron (III) oxide


Naming: Roman numeral FYI

I = 1II = 2III = 3IV = 4V = 5VI = 6VII = 7VIII = 8

*the pattern: I's placed after add to the value, I's placed before subtract


Naming:

the same pattern holds true for bigger numbersX = 10L = 50C = 100M = 1000

2013 MMXIII

1997 MCMXCVII


Naming:

the same pattern holds true for bigger numbersX = 10L = 50C = 100M = 1000

2013 MMXIII

1997 MCMXCVII

Imagine doing scientific notation......or just thank the Middle East for Arabic

numerals

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Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first