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Principles of Kyusho Jitsu
The meridians and vesselsYin and Yang polarities
Cycle of destruction
Diurnal cycle
Stances and methods of attack
Arm points
Leg points
Body points
Head points
Pinan SandanBunkai
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Kyusho is the study of the human body and its nervous system from an easternmedicine perspective. Kyusho Jitsu is the study and application of Kyusho forfighting.
The aim of Kuysho Jitsu (pressure point theory) is to attack the opponents nervousand energy system to create pain, impede motor nerve function and tooverstimulate the brain.
Kyusho Jitsu should always be practised in the presence of an instructor. KyushoJitsu is dangerous and can lead to permanent injuries. DO NOT apply Kyusho Jitsu toanyone over the age of fifty or anyone with heart conditions.
Principles of Kyusho Jitsu:
Attack along the meridian
Attack Yin and Yang
Attack in accordance with the Diurnal Cycle
Attack in the Cycle of Destruction
Use of Alarm Points
What is a pressure point?
A pressure point is a place on the body where either nerves overlap or where a
nerve branches off or where a nerve ends. Pressure points are about the size of a
pin head, but can be activated if you are within half an inch from it. Pressure pointsare used in conjunction with other techniques as a means to make them more
effective, they are not intended to be stand alone fighting systems.
Depending on the anatomy of the pressure point, it can be activated by one or more
methods:
Hit
Rub
Press
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The cycle of destruction and the cycle of creation
The two cycles represent the way the meridians interact with
each other. When we combine two different frequencies they
either amplify (creation), or become distorted (destruction).
When attacking meridians it is important to follow the cycle of
destruction; Fire melts Metal, Metal cuts Wood, Wood
penetrates Earth, Earth dams Water and Water quenches Fire.
This can be used by either attacking a meridian with another
in the cycle (striking metal with fire) or attacking meridianswithin the cycle (attacking metal then wood).
Yin and Yang polarity
Each meridian has a polarity, it is either Yin (negative) or Yang(positive). Disrupting a meridian is more effective when attacking
meridians with alternating polarity. This is done by attacking a
positive meridian with a negative or alternating the meridians
attacked (attacking the lung meridian followed by attacking the
small intestine meridian).
The meridians and vessels
According to Eastern medicine our body has an electromagnetic field that corresponds to our
nervous system. This field or energy is called Chi and it travels in pathways called meridians. Every
pressure point lies on one of these meridians and shares its attributes. The meridians are named
after the corresponding organ they are linked to. There are also vessels, which are pathways of
energy that act as a main supply line and interact with the 12 meridians. When the meridians are
attacked it also has an affect on the bodys nervous system, resulting in overstimulation of the brain
and pressure points having a more pronounced effect when simply manipulated.
The meridians are grouped into polarities and elements, so that we can systematically attack them
and predict the effect.
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The diurnal cycle is the direction of flow of our chi. Once the energy has flowed through a meridian itcontinues on to the start of another. Meridians that flow away from the body are called centrifugaland energy that flows towards the body are called centripetal. It is also good to note that there ismore energy in one meridian than all the others at any specific time.
The time period of heavier energy flow and the order in which the energy cycles through the
meridians is as follows:
Lung meridian 03:00 05:00
Large intestine meridian 05:00 07:00
Stomach meridian 07:00 09:00
Spleen meridian 09:00 11:00
Heart meridian 11:00 13:00
Small intestine meridian 13:00 15:00
Bladder meridian 15:00 17:00Kidney meridian 17:00 19:00
Pericardium meridian 19:00 21:00
Triple Warmer meridian 21:00 23:00
(relates to the endocrine system)
Gall bladder meridian 23:00 01:00
Liver meridian 01:00 03:00
The diurnal cycle is used to maximize the disruption along a meridian. It can be applied by attacking a
meridian such as the lung meridian and following up by attacking the next meridian in the order offlow, in this case the large intestine meridian. The attack to lung disrupts the large intestine meridian
making it more vulnerable to attack, giving us a greater affect from the pressure point. It can also be
used to create a stagnation of energy in one particular meridian to make it more vulnerable. Ie:
attacking the stomach meridian then the lung meridian crates a blockage which pools energy in the
large intestine meridian, making it sensitive to attack.
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Methods of attack
Pressure points are more susceptible to specific types of striking. The angle of direction is paramount,
if you do not overstimulate by pressing the nerve ending or pushing two nerves into each other, you
will not get the effect. The way meridians should be attacked is grouped by the elements.
Fire Slap Slap the pressure point
Metal Vibrate Rub along the meridian
Wood Chop Strike the surface of the pressure point
Earth Penetrate Strike through the pressure point
Water Grasp Press the pressure point
Stances
Our energy is affected by the way we are grounded to the earth. It changes with the way we stand, sit
or lay on the ground. Here are the stances that are most effective against specific meridians:
Cat stance Metal
Sitting stance (toes out) Earth
Neutral stance Heart and small intestine meridians
X stance Water
Walking Stance Pericardium and triple warmer meridians
Sitting stance (toes in) Wood
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METAL, YIN, 11 POINTS
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METAL, YANG, 20 POINTS
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EARTH, YANG, 45 POINTS
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EARTH, YIN, 21 POINTS
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FIRE, YIN, 9 POINTS
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FIRE, YANG, 19 POINTS
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WATER, YANG, 67 POINTS
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WATER, YIN, 27 POINTS
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FIRE, YIN, 9 POINTS
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FIRE, YANG, 23 POINTS
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WOOD, YANG, 44 POINTS
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WOOD, YIN, 14 POINTS
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YIN, 24 POINTS
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YANG, 28 POINTS
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Blue belts are required to memorize the following 31 pressure points along with their angle of attack,
their element and polarity.
Each point is named after the meridian it falls on and counted from the start of the meridian, ie. L-1 isthe first point on the lung meridian.
Extraordinary points are pressure points that have been found with new technologies. They have a
completely different naming convention. It is important to remember that they do fall on a meridian
and share the meridiansattributes.
Naming convention for points on the 12 meridians and two vessels:
Lung meridian L
Large intestine meridian LI
Stomach meridian ST
Spleen meridian SP
Heart meridian H
Small intestine meridian SI
Bladder meridian B
Kidney meridian K
Pericardium meridian P
Triple Warmer meridian TW
Gall bladder meridian GB
Liver meridian LV
Conception vessel CV
Governing vessel GV
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Location:
Radial on the anterior of the forearm, just below the crease of the elbow
Method of Attack:Strike scooping towards the hand
Effect:
Head comes forwards and knees buckle
Element/Polarity:
Metal/Yin
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Location:
Radial on the anterior of the forearm, halfway between the elbow and the wrist
Method of Attack:Strike towards the hand
Effect:
Releases the grip of all fingers less the index finger, which tightens
Element/Polarity
Metal/Yin
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Location:
Radial on the anterior of the forearm, just before the end of the radius bone
Method of Attack:Press, rub or strike in towards the radial bone and hand
Effect:
Weakens the hand
Element/Polarity:
Metal/Yin
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Location:
Ulnar on the anterior of the forearm, just below the crease of the wrist
Method of Attack:Press in towards the posterior of the radius on a 45 degree angle
Effect:
Releases the wrist
Element/Polarity:
Fire/Yin
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Location:
This extra ordinary point lies on the heart meridian, it is found ulnar on the anterior ofthe forearm, halfway between the wrist and the elbow
Method of Attack:
Strike this point up and in against the ulna bone on a 45 degree angle
Effect:
Release the wrist
Element/Polarity:
Fire/Yin
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Location:
Radial of the posterior of the forearm, before the bend in the elbow
Method of Attack:Strike or press in and towards the hand
Effect:
Causes the head to come forward and the arm to go numb, motor nerve point
Element/Polarity:
Metal/Yang
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Location:
About an inch above the elbow on the back of the arm
Method of Attack:Rub this point up and down along the arm
Effect:
Causes pain and the immediate relaxation of the shoulder and elbow
Element/Polarity:
Fire/Yang
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Location:
Found on the middle of the triceps
Method of Attack:Strike against the bone
Effect:
Releases the shoulder
Element/Polarity:
Fire/Yang
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Location:
On the inside of the thigh in the inguinal crease
Method of Attack:Strike in and downwards on a 45 degree angle
Effect:
Causes the body to bend forward
Element/Polarity:
Wood/Yin, Earth/Yin
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Location:
Where the middle finger reaches on the outside of the thigh with relaxed shoulders
Method of Attack:Strike straight through to the inside of the thigh
Effect:
Causes the leg to cramp and the body to drop
Element/Polarity:
Wood/Yang
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Location:
Found on the middle of the inner thigh, halfway between the knee and the groin
Method of Attack:Strike in a line that would penetrate through the outside of the thigh
Effect:
Causes the leg to buckle
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yin
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Location:
About 2 inches above the top inside corner of the kneecap
Method of Attack:This point is struck diagonally to the bottom outside corner of the knee
Effect:
Knocks the opponent down, a hard enough strike will dislocate the knee
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yin
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Location:
Two inches below the kneecap on the inner aspect of the knee
Method of Attack:Strike diagonally upward through to the opposite corner of the kneecap
Effect:
Will knock the opponent to the ground, or dislocate the knee with enough force
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yin
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Location:
Three inches above the kneecap on the outside of the thigh
Method of Attack:Strike downward to the opposite corner of the kneecap
Effect:
Will knock the opponent to the ground, or dislocate the knee with enough force
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yang
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Location:
This extraordinary point lies on the stomach meridian, three inches below the knee onthe outside of the shin
Method of Attack:
Strike diagonally upwards to the opposite corner of the kneecap
Effect:
Will knock the opponent to the ground, or dislocate the knee with enough force
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yang
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Location:
Three inches above the prominent bone on the inside of the ankle
Method of Attack:Press or strike through and upwards
Effect:
Collapses the ankle
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yin
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Location:
Located in the depression where the fourth and fifth metatarsal meet the ankle
Method of Attack:Press or strike down and twisting to the outside of the foot
Effect:
Causes pain
Element/Polarity:
Wood/Yang
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Location:
Behind the collar-bone directly above the nipple
Method of Attack:Press downwards behind the collar-bone
Effect:
Causes pain and collapses the legs
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yang
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Location:
Where the chest and shoulder meet, halfway between the armpit and the top of theshoulder
Method of Attack:
Strike down and inwards
Effect:
Disrupts the respiratory system
Element/Polarity:
Metal/Yin
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Location:
Directly on the opponents side, found in the seventh intercostal space
Method of Attack:Strike through to the opposite side of the body
Effect:
Causes the body to bend sideways and intense pain
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yin
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Location:
Found on the costal cartilage between the sixth and eighth rib
Method of Attack:Strike diagonally upwards into the ribs
Effect:
Causes the body to bend forward
Element/Polarity:
Wood/Yin, Wood/Yang
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Location:
At the end of the eleventh rib
Method of Attack:Strike diagonally upwards to the opposite shoulder
Effect:
Causes the knees to bend and the body to bend forwards
Element/Polarity:
Wood/Yin
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Location:
Found one to four inches below the belly button
Method of Attack:Strike either diagonally upwards or downwards
Effect:
Folds and incapacitates the opponent
Element/Polarity:
Yin
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Location:
Found on the depression between the end of the nose and the upper lip
Method of Attack:Rub laterally
Effect:
Causes intense pain
Element/Polarity:
Yang
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Location:
This point is found on the outside edge of the eyebrow in the depression of the temple
Method of Attack:Strike this point from the side to the opponents front
Effect:
Causes dizziness and will break the orbital bone
Element/Polarity:
Fire/Yang
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Location:
An area from one inch above the centreline of the eyebrow, to the hairline to one inchtowards the opponents side
Method of Attack:
Strike with a palm twisting to the outside
Effect:
Causes motor impairment, disorientation or unconsciousness.
Element/Polarity:
Wood/Yang
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Location:
Found by tracing a line from the outside edge of the eye down to the bottom of the jaw
Method of Attack:Strike towards the opposite corner at the back of the head, spinning through to theoutside
Effect:
Causing disorientation, loss of motor control or loss of consciousness
Element/Polarity:
Earth/Yang
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Location:
Behind the jaw in the depression below the ear
Method of Attack:Strike or press towards the opposite corner towards the face
Effect:
Causes pain and releases the neck
Element/Polarity:
Fire/Yang
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Location:
Found centred of the side of the neck
Method of Attack:Strike through and towards the front of the body
Effect:
Causes intense pain
Element/Polarity:
Fire/Yang
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Location:
Where the neck rises from the body, in the hollow where the two muscles meet
Method of Attack:Strike diagonally downwards
Effect:
Weakens the legs and causes uncontrollable coughing
Element/Polarity:
Metal/Yang
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Location:
Found directly below the ear on the side of the neck
Method of Attack:Strike or press to the opposite bilateral pair
Effect:
Causes pain and releases the neck
Element/Polarity:
Metal/Yang
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Pinan Kata
The Pinan katas are a series of five empty hand forms taught in many martial art styles as a foundation to
more advanced forms. The Pinan katas originated in Okinawa and were developed by Anko Itosu, who
introduced Karate into the Okinawan education system in 1901. Pinan means peaceful mind. When
Gichin Funakoshi brought karate to Japan, he renamed the kata to Heian, which is the Japanese
pronunciation.
In certain styles Pinan Shodan and Pinan Nidan are inverted believing Pinan Nidan to be the easier, more
beginner-friendly kata.
The five Pinan kata are:
Pinan Shodan
Pinan Nidan
Pinan Sandan
Pinan Yondan
Pinan Godan
*Shodan means first level, Nidan means second level and so on.
AnkoItosu
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Hands slide down, toes slideoutwards
Opening:
Feet together, big toestouching
Left hand over right, lining upTW-4 with H-8
Fingertips lined up, thumbstucked into side of hands
Hands retract
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1:
Turn left 90, Cat StanceReverse Middle Block
Press fists to waist level withdynamic tension
2a:Step forwards, feet together
Right hand Middle Block, lefthand Low Block
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3:
Turn right 180, Cat StanceReverse Middle Block
2b:
Left hand Middle Block, righthand Low Block
4a:Left hand Middle Block, righthand Low Block
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5:
Turn left 90, Cat StanceReverse Middle Block
4b:
Right hand Middle Block, lefthand Low Block
6:Step forward, WalkingStance
Fingertip Middle StraightThrust
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7b:
Turn left 180, Sitting StanceHammer-fist Side Strike
7a:
Shift into Rooted Stance
Right hand Parry
8:Step forward, WalkingStance
Middle Punch, Kiai
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10:
Right foot steps forward,Sitting Stance
Superman Block
9:
Turn left 180, left foot movesin, feet together
Superman Block
11:Hammer-fist Side Strike
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13:
Left foot steps forward,Sitting Stance
Superman Block
12:
Superman Block
14:Hammer-fist Side Strike
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16:
Right foot steps forward,Sitting Stance
Superman Block
15:
Superman Block
17:Hammer-fist Side Strike
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19:
Left leg step forwards,Walking Stance
Middle Punch, Kiai
18:
Superman Block
20a:Right leg steps forwards andacross
Hands retract
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22:
Left hand Hooking Punch
21b:
Turn left 180, feet shoulderwidth apart
Right hand Hooking Punch
Closing:Feet together, big toestouching
Left hand over right, lining upTW-4 with H-8
Fingertips lined up, thumbstucked into side of hands
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Hands slide down, toes slideoutwards
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From an across hand grab Middle block to release the grab
Bunkai, or pattern interpretation, is an essential part of traditional martial arts. It is the creation
of self-defence techniques and drills from the movements we practice. Some schools have rigid
explanations behind the techniques, others are flexible and promote the creation of new
techniques. The number of techniques that can be derived from a pattern are all but limitless.
Following the principles of Hapkido Students are encouraged to apply the mechanics they have
learned to develop their own interpretations. Interpretations are only limited by ones ability,
preferences and effectiveness. Blue belts are required to produce Bunkai from the first twoPinan Kata: Pinan Shodan and Pinan Nidan.
Below is an example of Bunkai from the first two movements of Pinan Sandan: