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Himawari8: Experiences and Lessons Learned Daisaku Uesawa Meteorological Satellite Center (MSC) Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) 1 IPETSUP2, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND, 2326 FEBRUARY 2016 

Himawari 8: Lessons Learned - World Meteorological ... Learned Daisaku Uesawa Meteorological Satellite Center (MSC) Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) IPET‐SUP‐2, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND,

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Page 1: Himawari 8: Lessons Learned - World Meteorological ... Learned Daisaku Uesawa Meteorological Satellite Center (MSC) Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) IPET‐SUP‐2, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND,

Himawari‐8: Experiences and Lessons Learned

Daisaku UesawaMeteorological Satellite Center (MSC)Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

1IPET‐SUP‐2, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND, 23‐26 FEBRUARY 2016 

Page 2: Himawari 8: Lessons Learned - World Meteorological ... Learned Daisaku Uesawa Meteorological Satellite Center (MSC) Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) IPET‐SUP‐2, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND,

Himawari-8 operation initiated at 02:00 UTC on 7th July 2015.

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Geostationaryposition Around 140.7°E

Attitude control 3‐axis attitude‐controlled geostationary satellite

Communication

1) Raw observation data transmissionKa‐band, 18.1 ‐ 18.4 GHz (downlink)

2) DCSInternational channel402.0 ‐ 402.1 MHz (uplink)Domestic channel402.1 ‐ 402.4 MHz (uplink)Transmission to ground segmentsKa‐band, 18.1 ‐ 18.4 GHz (downlink)

3) Telemetry and commandKu‐band, 12.2 ‐ 12.75 GHz (downlink)13.75 ‐ 14.5 GHz (uplink)

solar panel

communication antennas

Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029

MTSAT‐1RMTSAT‐2

Himawari‐8Himawari‐9

standby

manufacturemanufacture

a package purchase

launchstandbylaunch

operationoperation

operation standbyoperation standby

standbystandby

Himawari‐8 began operation on 7 July 2015, replacing the previous MTSAT‐2 operational satellite.

MTSAT‐2 observation parallel to Himawari‐8 will terminate on 24 March 2016 at 00 UTC.

Himawari‐9  is planning to be launched in 2016 to be backup.

Himawari‐8/9

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Himawari‐8/9

raw data

JMA

Communication Satellite (CS)

HRIT files,SATAID files

All imagery(full data)

HimawariCloud service

HimawariCastservice

Users

CS Operator

C‐band antenna

LNB

DVB‐S2 receiver

PC & software

NMHSs4

HimawariCast users will need to prepare for the transition from JCSAT‐2A to JCSAT‐2B during a dual operation period (approximately one week) of JCSAT‐2A and JCSAT‐2B.For up‐to‐date information, see http://www.data.jma.go.jp/mscweb/en/himawari89/himawari_cast/himawari_cast.html

Himawari‐8/9Data Dissemination/Distribution

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Time (min)

Himawari-8 Observation/Raw Image Processing at Ground Station

Level1 Image Processingat JMA/MSC

HSF Imagery Transfer from JMA/MSC to HimawariCloud Vendor

HSF Imagery ready to pullfrom HimawariCloud

50 0 10

time is rounded in minutes based on the past record at "peak time" (local noon after spring equinox)

10

The first Segment Imagery Data will be ready to be pulled within 7 min. after observation start time (the last Segment within 4‐5 min. after observation end time)

‐ Distribution of the HSF Imagery into 10 Segments‐ 16 band data files are included in each segment

Timeline of HimawariCloud HSF Imagery data Distribution

level 02 min.

4 min.

7 min.

4‐5 min.

5

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time is rounded in minutes based on the past record at "peak time" (local noon before spring equinox)

Time (min) 50 00 10

Himawari‐8 Observation

Raw Imagery: Transfer from Receiving Station to JMA/MSC

HRIT Imagery: Transfer from JMA/MSC to HimawariCast Vendor

HRIT Imagery: Uplink from HimawariCast Vendor to Telecommunication Satellite

The first segment data is to be disseminated within 8 min. after observation start time (the last segment data within 7 min. after observation end time) 

‐ Dissemination of the HRIT Imagery into 10 Segments‐ 14 band data files are included in each segment

HRIT Imagery: Downlink from Telecommunication Satellite to HimawariCast Receiving System after decoded

Timeline of HimawariCast HRIT Imagery data Dissemination

level 0

8 min.

7 min.

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Image Navigationfor band 13 (10.4µm)

Image navigation accuracy is mostly less than 0.3 pixel 

Scale: one pixel

Himawari‐8 Image Navigation accuracy estimated from coast line analysis

See Okuyama et al. (2015)  for details.

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* Standard Radiance was calculated under clear sky condition over the ocean in nighttime by RTTOV 11.2 with US standard atmosphere (1976)

Radiance

Brightness Temp. (Tb)

Tb Bias

Tb Bias

Validation of IR Bands Calibration based on GSICS inter‐calibration

See Okuyama et al. (2015)  for details. 8

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http://www.jma‐net.go.jp/msc/en/index.html

Imagery Calibration

Imagery Navigation

Himawari‐8 Operation Status

Himawari Operation Status and Imagery Calibration/Navigation Monitoring

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Natural Color Day Microphysics

Dust Airmass

Night Microphysics

Day Snow‐Fog Day Convective Storm

True Color

http://www.data.jma.go.jp/mscweb/data/himawari/sat_img.php?area=fd_

RGBs from Himawari‐8 AHI

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High‐resolution Cloud Analysis Information (HCAI) Latitude-Longitude grid in 0.02 degree; nearly equal to full resolution of IR bands Provides cloud mask, type and top height Produced hourly Provided to NMHSs: Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar and Vietnam (in progress) ATBD to be published in March 2016

Cloud Top Height

Clear CloudMixed

Cloud Mask

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Assimilated into NWP Produced hourly Provided to NWP centers via GTS since 3 July 2015 MTSAT-2 AMV will terminate on 24 March 2016 at 00 UTC

Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)

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Clear Sky Radiance (CSR) Assimilated into NWP Produced hourly Provided to NWP centers via GTS since 3 July 2015 MTSAT-2 CSR will terminate on 24 March 2016 at 00 UTC. ATBD to be published in March 2016

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Introducing VOLCAT into JMA/MSCCase: Kuchinoerabujima, Japan, 29 May 2015

Ash Top Height AOD

Eruption  Columnover 31400FT (9600 m a.s.l.)

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AOMSUC‐6Tokyo, Japan, 9‐13 November 2015

Over 170 attendees from 37 countries, incl. scientists, satellite users and operators. Three days of plenary sessions and two days of training. The plenary sessions featured 26 country reports from NMHSs. The meeting summary and all presentation materials are provided athttp://www.jma‐net.go.jp/msc/en/aomsuc6/index.html

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Training course for NMHSs with HimawariCast receiving system

• JMA is offering a technical training course for Himawari‐8 data utilization to NMHSs with HimawariCast receiving system.

• The NHMSs include nine countries in RA II and RA V (Bangladesh, Cambodia, Micronesia, Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, Tuvalu and Viet Nam), which have installed their receiving systems through a WMO‐managed project with the help of JMA.

(a)

(b) (c)

(a) and (b) at Bangladesh. (c) at Malaysia.16

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Lessons Learned 1/3High data volume

• The multi‐band, high‐frequency and high‐resolution observations of Himawari‐8 results a dramatic increase in data volume compared to previous meteorological satellites. Some NMHSs have difficulties to obtain Himawari‐8 full‐spec data in real time with satisfactory speed through HimawariCloud, which requires high speed Internet. Therefore, JMA is providing alternative data distribution/dissemination services such as HimawariCast via a communication satellite.

• This implies that ensuring an environment for data distribution, processing and storage is critically important for data provider and users of new generation meteorological satellites.

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• MTSAT‐2 has been a backup satellite since Himawari‐8 became operational on 7 July 2015. JMA will maintain MTSAT‐2 observation and its data/product distribution parallel to Himawari‐8 until 24 March 2016. The 9‐month parallel distribution has been helpful to users in the transition from MTSAT‐2 to Himawari‐8.

• A long time parallel distribution would be crucial because some users may take times to start to use data from new generation meteorological satellites.

Lessons Learned 2/3Parallel observation/data distribution

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• It is recognized from AOMSUC‐6 that some NMHSs in RA II and RA V have already used satellite data extensively and others show willingness to develop products from Himawari‐8 data by themselves.

• It would become more important to create a scheme for encouraging cooperation on product development between satellite operators and users.

Lessons Learned 3/3Collaboration on product development

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Himawari Publication by JMA/MSC staff

• Bessho, K., K. Date, M. Hayashi, A. Ikeda, T. Imai, H. Inoue, Y. Kumagai, T. Miyakawa, H. Murata, T. Ohno, A. Okuyama, R. Oyama, Y. Sasaki, Y. Shimazu, K. Shimoji, Y. Sumida, M. Suzuki, H. Taniguchi, H. Tsuchiyama, D. Uesawa, H. Yokota, and R. Yoshida, 2016: An introduction to Himawari‐8/9 ‐ Japan's new‐generation geostationary meteorological satellites. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 94, doi:10.2151/jmsj.2016‐009.

• Okuyama, A., A. Andou, K. Date, K. Hosaka, N. Mori, H. Murata, T. Tabata, M. Takahashi, R. Yoshino, K. Bessho, 2015: Preliminary validation of Himawari‐8/AHI navigation and calibration, Proc. SPIE 9607, Earth Observing Systems XX, 96072E (8 September 2015); doi: 10.1117/12.2188978

• Himawari‐8 product ATBDs (MSC Technical Note, no. 61)http://www.data.jma.go.jp/mscweb/en/product/library/note/index.html(To be published in March 2016)

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