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Hinduism- “I have been born more times then anybody except
Krishna”-Mark Twain
Hinduism is the Chief religion in India
• India has two million gods, and worships them all. In religion all other countries are paupers; India is the only millionaire.- Following the Equator, Mark Twain
Hinduism cont.
• Hinduism is the Chief Religion of India
• Hinduism has its roots in Aryan beliefs and practices
Sacred Texts
• Hindu beliefs are recorded in Sacred texts.
• Most important texts are: 1. Vedas, 2. Upanishads.
Vedas
• The Vedas comes from the Aryan culture.
• The Vedas includes hymns, prayers, and rituals used in religious ceremonies.
• They were composed between 1500 B.C. and 1000 B.C.
Maya
• The illusion, that must be recognized for Hindus to gain Salvation. Can take many lives to see this.
Brahman• Hindus worship
many gods, but they are all part of “Brahman.”
• It is a shapeless formless, nameless, unlimited entity.
Brahman continued
• 3 main gods of Hinduism
• 1. Brahma-Creator
• 2. Vishnu-preserver
• 3. Siva-destroyer
Atman
• Hindus believe that every person has an essential self, or ATMAN.
• Every living thing is part of the same universal soul.
• Hindus stress respect of nature, and non-violence.
Explained in the Upanishads
• “The essential self or the vital essence in humans is the same as that in an ant, the same as that in a gnat, the same as that in an elephant … indeed the same as that in the whole universe.”
Moksha/Nirvana
• The true goal of life according to Hindus is “Moksha,” a freeing of the soul from the body so the soul can unite with brahman. Pursuing false goals, can block Moksha.
Reincarnation
• Hindus believe that moksha can not be achieved in one lifetime.
• Hindus believe that people undergo a rebirth of the soul in various forms. After the body dies the soul can be reborn as anything.
• Cycle of death continues for Hindus, until soul reaches brahman.
• Whether a soul reaches a Union with brahman depends on law of Karma.
Karma-law of Karma
• Every deed, mental or physical, in this life affects a person’s fate in a future life.– A person’s present
situation is the result of his or her deeds in a past existence
.
Bathing in the Ganges
• Ganges river is considered holy and pure.
• People take pilgrimages from all over India to bathe in its waters and often take bottles of it home to use in family worship.
Hinduism and the Caste System
• Most Hindus believe that a person’s caste is the result of karma. –Both high-caste and low-caste
Hindus accept the idea that one’s deeds in past lives are responsible for one’s present position in society.
–Believe that the Brahmans (highest caste) are closest to moksha.
Dharma
• Each caste has their own dharma– Duties and obligations
• Obedience to caste rules as well as to moral laws.– People can improve their
position in the next life by carrying out their duties in this life.
Dharma
• Dharma influences Indian life in many ways
– Provides hope for a better life in the future.
– Knowledge that their future life depends on their past deeply encourages Hindus to behave morally.