Hist1311 KapilVyas Louisiana Purchase

8/8/2019 Hist1311 KapilVyas Louisiana Purchase

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TTHEHE LLOUISIANAOUISIANAPPURCHASEURCHASE &&

HHAITIAITI

HIST 1311 History of the United States to 1865

UT Arlington 2010 November 20th, 2010, Kapil Vyas


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HISTORICAL CONTEXT: FRANCE

1763: End of French-Indian war

France empire was centered on the Caribbean island

of Santo Domingo and its lucrative cash crop of sugar

By Treaty of Fontainbleau, Louisiana ceded to Spain


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HISTORICAL CONTEXT: US

US won its independence from Great Britain in 1783

Greatest concerns:

y European power on Western boundary

y Need for Unrestricted access to Mississippi River


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NEEDED PORTS FOR COMMERCE

US Needed ports - failed so far

Appalachian Mountains provided a barrier to

shipping goods eastward

New Orleans under Spain controls MississippiRiver

Pinckney's Treaty : right of deposit 10/27/1795


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SPAIN IN FINANCIAL SWEEP

Spain eager to divest itself of Louisiana

y a drain of financial resources

Treaty of San Ildefonso

y Napoleon, First Consul of France, concludes Treatyy Louisiana given to French ownership in exchange for a

Spanish kingdom in Italy.

y Louisiana colony transferred to France 11/30/1803


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JEFFERSONS DECISIVE ACT

Jefferson disturbed by Napoleon's plans to re-

establish French colonies in America

Sends Livingston to Paris in 1801

Only interest was to buy port! Authorizes purchase of city of New Orleans up to

$2 million


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RIGHT OF DEPOSIT REVOKED

Oct 18, 1802 : Juan made public Spain intention

to revoke right of all cargo from US

Jefferson now sends special envoy ofJames

Monroe to Napoleon Furthers authorization; now upto $10 million

What causes the negotiation to move forward?

y Napoleons failure in the Caribbean


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HAITIAN REVOLUTION - TOUSSAINT

L'OUVERTURE

10 months of fierce fighting in Santo Domingo

France lost over 40,000 soldiers

Caribbean was major financial source

early 1801 France in war with Britain03/11/1801

Napoleon directs his ministers, Talleyrand and

Barbe-Marbois, to offer the entire Louisiana

territory to the US


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NEGOTIATION

Napoleon tells treasury Talleyrand to relay

Louisiana offer to US 04/11/1801

Livingstone confused by offer

James and Livingston hint Napoleon mightwithdraw this offer at any time

Not waiting for Presidents approval they open

negotiation

Livingston signs Louisiana Purchase Treaty04/30/1803 for $15 million


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ACQUISITION


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DOMESTIC OPPOSITION

Jeffersons constitutional powers questioned

Federalists considered purchase unconstitutional

Seemed also to declare open war against Spain

John Randolph led the opposition; it was notconsented by the Senate

House called for vote to deny; failed 59-57

Federalists tried to prove land belonged to Spain

Led to Hamilton's death in a duel with Burr1804

Jefferson firm on westward expansion

Senate ratified Louisiana treaty in autumn 1803


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TRANSFER CEREMONY

Held in New Orleans on November 29, 1803

Next day General James Wilkinson accepted

possession of New Orleans for the US


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FACTS & FIGURES

Louisiana Territory, purchased for less than 5

cents an acre

Louisiana doubled the size of the United States

literally overnight without war or single loss ofAmerican life


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OUTCOMES OF LOUISIANAPURCHASE

Set a precedent for the purchase of territories

Opened the way for eventual expansion of US


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SUMMARY

Jefferson's greatest contributions to his country

was the Louisiana Purchase

Napoleon's hunger for cash to support his war

efforts was the single most background


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Primary document: Mike, Downs, The Louisiana Purchase and Haiti,

Web. 22 Nov 2010. History 1311 Unit 10 http://webct.uta.edu

Barry, James P., The Louisiana Purchase, April 1 803 (1973); Chidsey,

Donald B., The Louisiana Purchase (1972); DeConde, Alexander, This

Affair of Louisiana (1976); Lyon, Elijah Wilson, Louisiana in French

Diplomacy (1934); Sprague, Marshall, So Vast So Beautiful a Land:Louisiana and the Purchase (1974); Whitaker, Arthur P., The Mississippi

Question, 1795-1803 (1934; repr. 1962)

"Louisiana Purchase." Louisiana Purchase. Gateway New Orleans, n.d.

Web. 22 Nov 2010. http://www.gatewayno.com/history/lapurchase.html

"Louisiana Purchase." Louisiana Purchase. Wikipedia - The Free

Encyclopedia, n.d. Web. 22 Nov 2010.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase

"Louisiana Purchase." Louisiana Purchase. National Park Service, n.d.

Web. 22 Nov 2010.

http://www.nps.gov/archive/jeff/lewisclark2/circa1804/heritage/louisianapu

rchase/louisianapurchase.htm


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IMAGE CITATION

Louisiana Purchase. Web. 22 Nov 2010. http://www.gatewayno.com/history/images

A map of the Louisiana Purchase." Louisiana Purchase - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopaedia. Web.22 Nov 2010. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/United_States_1803-04-1804-03.png/800px-United_States_1803-04-1804-03.png

A contemporary mapmaker's vision of "Louisiana", edged on the west by the RockyMountains." Louisiana Purchase - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopaedia. Web. 22 Nov 2010.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Louisiana1804a.jpg/220px-Louisiana1804a.jpg

"The original treaty of the Louisiana Purchase.." Louisiana Purchase - Wikipedia, The FreeEncyclopaedia. Web. 22 Nov 2010.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Louisiana_purchase_treaty.jpg/220px-Louisiana_purchase_treaty.jpg .

Louisiana Purchase mural in Rayville, Louisiana." Louisiana Purchase - Wikipedia, The FreeEncyclopaedia. Web. 22 Nov 2010.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Louisiana_Purchase_mural%2C_Rayville%2C_LA_IMG_0175.JPG/220px-Louisiana_Purchase_mural%2C_Rayville%2C_LA_IMG_0175.JPG

The Purchase was one of several territorial additions to the U.S." Louisiana Purchase - Wikipedia,The Free Encyclopaedia. Web. 22 Nov 2010.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/U.S._Territorial_Acquisitions.png/350px-U.S._Territorial_Acquisitions.png

"At the Purchase's centennial fair, one illustrator imagined the treaty signing asabove.." Louisiana Purchase - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopaedia. Web. 22 Nov 2010.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/17/Louisianatransfer_exposition1904_vc180.jpg/220px-Louisianatransfer_exposition1904_vc180.jpg

"A 2004 nickel celebrating the bicentennial of the Louisiana Purchase." Louisiana Purchase - Wikipedia,The Free Encyclopaedia. Web. 22 Nov 2010.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/United_States_2004_peace_medal_nickel%2C_reverse.jpg/180px-United_States_2004_peace_medal_nickel%2C_reverse.jpg

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Hist1311 KapilVyas Louisiana Purchase