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HISTOLOGY
Four Basic Types of Tissue
1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscle
4. Nerve
Thanks to Pam Brannock (USC Biology,Hilbish Lab)
for creating this PowerPoint
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Cells are bound tightly together
Little extracellular material
Arranged in sheets
Cover internal and external surfaces
Often control passage of material
Classified by shape of cells and number of layers
Pg 154-155; slides 157-158
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
CELL SHAPE
Squamous shape
Thin, flat cells
Look like fried eggs
Cubodial shape
square shape- cross section
6sided polygon- surface
Columnar
Rectangular- cross section
Polygonal- surface view
CELL NUMBER
Simple
Single layer
Stratified
2+ layers
Pseudostratified
Appear stratified- but not
Transitional
Change shape
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
Single layer
Squamous shape
Lining of body cavity, lungs, blood vessels
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
Single layer
Cuboidal shaped
Kidney tubules, glands
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
SIMPLE COLUMNAR
Single layer
Columnar shape
Lining of digestive tract
Modified by presence of cilia
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
Multi layer
Outer most layer- squamous cells
Inner- cuboidal or columnar
Lining of mouth, esophagus, skin
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR
One layer
Appears stratified
Respiratory tract
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Abundant extracellular material
Matix (dominant part)
Fiber, cells in liquid, gel, or solid matrix
Function
Bind and/or support other tissue
Pg 154, 156, 159; slides 158-161
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
Matrix consist of fibers
Loose or areola
Few fibers
Delicate arrangement
Fibrous
Ex. Tendons
Abundant, well organized fiber
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
ADIPOSE TISSUE
Loose connective
Store large droplets of fat
BLOOD
Lymph
Liquid matrix
Sometimes in different category
RBC- Red Blood Cells
WBC- White Blood Cells
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CARTILAGE
Chondrocytes
Small cavities- lacunae
Rubbery consistency (matrix)
Ear, nose
CONNECTIVE TISSUEBONE
Osteocytes
Small cavities- lacunae
Hardest CT
Impregnated w/ calcium salts
Spongy
Loose rods of bones
Ends of arms and legs
Compact
Shafts of long bones
Tightly organized
MUSCLE TISSUE
Cells have ability to contract
Function
Locomotion
Other body movement
Pg 156-157,162; slides 161
MUSCLE TISSUESKELETAL
Voluntary movement
Long and cylindrical
Transverse striation
Each fiber is multi-nuclear
MUSCLE TISSUE
SMOOTH
Involuntary movement
Predominant
Long, spindle shape
Single nucleus
Internal organs
MUSCLE TISSUE
CARDIAC
Striations
Involuntary
One nucleus
Deep center
Heart muscle
NERVE TISSUE
Cells very high ability to
Respond to stimuli
Transmit impulses
Pg 157, 163; slides 161
NERVE TISSUE
NEURON
Cell Body(3)
Dendrites (5)
Axon(1)