Historical statistics of the United States, Colonial Times ......legally as "steam railways," most train and switching opera tions are now performed by Diesel locomotives, and some

chapter Q

Transportation

RAIL TRANSPORTATION (Series Q 1-152)

Q 1-11. Railroad and other domestic intercity freight traffic,

by type of transportation, 1939-1957.

Source: 1939-1954, Interstate Commerce Commission, Inter

city Ton-Mile8, 1939-1954, Statement No. 568 (mimeographed),

1956; 1955-1957, ICC, Annual Report, various issues.

For description of estimates, see Statement No. 568.

Q 12-14. Indexes of transportation output, 1889-1953.

Source: 1889-1946, Harold Barger, The Transportation In

dustries, 1889 to 1946, National Bureau of Economic Research,

New York, 1951; 1947-1953, National Bureau of Economic Re

search, unpublished estimates by John W. Kendrick.

Sources of figures and methods of computation are described

in Barger's book. The components of series Q 13, passenger

traffic, are airlines, intercity buslines, waterways, and steam

railroads. For series Q 14, freight traffic, the components

are motor trucking, pipelines, waterways, and steam railroads.

Q 15-31. Railroad mileage, equipment, and passenger and

freight service, 1830-1890.

Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, Railway Statistics

Before 1890, Statement No. 32151 (mimeographed), 1932.

Before 1890, the principal source of continuous information

on railroads is the annual Poor's Manual of Railroads. The

figures in the Manual were revised in successive issues. The

Interstate Commerce Commission consulted the issues from

1869 to 1900 and evidently took account of the revisions.

Earnings and traffic figures are understatements of actual

level; mileage covered is shown in the table below. Similar

but not identical figures, with the degree of coverage similarly

indicated in terms of mileage, appear in Bureau of the Census,

Report on Transportation Business in the United States at

the Eleventh Census, 1890, part I.

Table I. Miles of Road Operated by Railroads

Roadsreportingearnings 1

Roadsreportingearningsand

Roadsreportingearnings >

Year

trafficstatistics

Year

1890 158,087153.945145,387137,028125,186

167,976153,689145,341136,986125,146

1879 79,00978,96074,11278,608

1889 18781888 18771887 18761886

1875 71,75969,27866,23767,82844,614

1885 128,820115,704110,414104,97192,97182,146

122,110118,172106,93896,762

18741884 18781883 18721882 187118811880. 1861. 8,836

1 Includes elevated railways.

All figures except those for series Q 15 and Q 17 are based

on reports of individual railroads for fiscal years ending in

the calendar year indicated. The period of time covered is

therefore not the same for all carriers included. Balance sheet

and equipment data pertain to the ends of such fiscal years.

Data for 1890 shown in these series do not agree with 1890

data shown for series Q 44-72 because of different sources.

Q 32. Freight service, ton-miles carried, 13 railroads, 1865-

1885.

Source: H. V. and H. W. Poor, Manual of Railroads, New

York City, 1888, p. XXVIII.

The roads represented are 7 eastern roads (Pennsylvania;

Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne, and Chicago ; New York Central ; Lake

Shore; Michigan Central; Boston and Albany; New York, Lake

Erie and Western) and 6 western roads (Illinois Central; Chi

cago and Alton; Chicago and Rock Island; Chicago; Burlington

and Quincy; Chicago and Northwestern; Chicago, Milwaukee,

and St. Paul).

Q 33-42. Railroad property investment, capital, income, and

expenses, 1850-1890.

Source: See source for series Q 15-31.

See also text for same series.

Q 43. Miles of railroad built, 1830-1925.

Source: 1830-1879, Tenth Census Reports, vol. IV, Report

on the Agencies of Transportation in the United States, p. 289;

1893-1925, Railway Age, vol. 104, No. 1, Simmons-Boardman

Publishing Corp., New York, January 1, 1938, p. 66.

For a more detailed discussion of the problems of estimating

miles of railroad built, see E. R. Wicker, "United States Rail

way Investment in the Pre-Civil War Period," and George R.

Taylor, "Comments on E. R. Wicker's Paper," in Studies in

Income and Wealth, Princeton University Press, vol. 24 (forth

coming) .

The Tenth Census report (pp. 289-293, 300-375) contains

materials on history of construction which includes figures on

mileage built and existent, by groups of States, for individual

companies, annually from 1830 to 1880. Somewhat similar

data appear in Bureau of the Census, Report on Transportation

Business in the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890,

part 1, pp. 3-5, 54-107.

According to the Bureau of the Census, information was re

ceived from every railroad known to exist in 1880. The letter

of instructions from the Superintendent of the Census to the

railroads said: "In cases ... in which the records have been

lost, the officers of such companies and roads are requested

to obtain . . . this information in the best form possible. The

recollection of officers and employees long in the service of a

road may be used ... if more reliable data be not accessible."

The Railway Age obtained its figures at annual intervals

from individual railroads and from State railroad commissions.

It is not clear just when a mile of road would be reported as

built. Construction of some lines extended over several years.

Each annual segment may have been reported when finished,

or nothing may have been reported until the whole line was

completed. The year of physical completion may have differed

from the year in which traffic was first carried. In such cases,

the mileage may have been assigned to either year.

The Census Bureau figures pertain only to miles in operation

in the census year. The figures for any year are, therefore,

understatements to the extent that mileage constructed in that

year may have been abandoned by June 1, 1880 (the date of

the 1880 Census).

423

Q 44-152 TRANSPORTATION

The change from year to year in miles operated (series Q 15)

or miles owned (series Q 16) is sometimes used as a measure

of miles constructed. The annual change in miles operated,

however, is also affected by acquisitions of trackage rights, as

a result of which the same line may be counted in the opera

tion of two or more railroads. Both the change in miles

operated and that in miles owned are affected by abandon

ments during the year (regardless of when constructed).

Q 44-152. General note.

The principal sources of these series are various issues of

two annual publications of the Interstate Commerce Commis

sion: For 1954-1957, Transport Statistics of the United States,

part 1; and for all years prior to 1954, Statistics of Railways

in the United States.

No attempt has been made to adjust the figures for the effect

of changes in methods of accounting and reporting; hence, the

data for the various years are often only approximately com

parable.

Although railroads regulated by the ICC are still described

legally as "steam railways," most train and switching opera

tions are now performed by Diesel locomotives, and some

divisions of the railways included are electrified. The Com

mission has also regulated a small and diminishing number of

railways of the interurban electric type which are not included

in the figures shown here.

Railway operating companies are those whose officers direct

the actual transportation service and whose books contain

operating as well as financial accounts. Lessor companies

maintain a separate legal existence, but their properties are

operated by the lessees. Proprietary companies are also non-

operating companies. Their outstanding capitalization is owned

by other railway companies. The term "circular" refers to

roads (operating or nonoperating) for which brief circulars

showing date of incorporation, mileage, and a few of the

facts were filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission.

They include intrastate roads and roads under construction.

The term "unofficial" is used to indicate roads for which

official returns were not received by the ICC—the figures hav

ing been taken from the returns by roads in prior years, and

items contained in railway and engineering periodicals and

newspapers, corrected in accordance with the best information

available.

Switching and terminal companies are those operating sepa

rately for joint account or for revenue. Services such as

those of switching and terminal companies are mostly per

formed directly by the line-haul carriers as an ordinary part

of their business. Line haul denotes train movements between

terminals and stations on main and branch lines of the road,

exclusive of switching.

Beginning in 1911, the ICC classified operating companies on

the basis of operating revenues. Those of Class I had annual

revenues above $1,000,000; Class II, above $100,000; Class III,

below $100,000. Beginning in 1956, the minimum for Class I

was raised to $3,000,000 and the other two classes were con

solidated. If the revenues of a company fall below the limit,

it is not reclassified until the decline appears to be permanent.

The relative importance of Class I railroads has increased since

1911 because of the growth of traffic and the absorption of

small roads in larger systems. The ratio of operating revenues

of Class I line-haul companies to the total revenues of Classes I,

II, and III was 96.48 percent in 1911, 97.45 percent in 1916,

98.07 percent in 1926, 98.76 percent in 1941, and 99.06 percent

in 1945.

A collection of definitions of words or phrases frequently

used in discussions of railway statistics has been issued by the

ICC, entitled Railway Statistical Terms, Statement No. 4119,

June 1941. For financial terms, see ICC, Uniform System of

Accounts for Steam Railroads.

Statistics of mileage in existence and stocks of equipment,

and balance sheet items, pertain to the end of the year

indicated.

Q 44-72. Railroad mileage, equipment, and passenger traffic

and revenue, 1890-1957.

Source: All series, except series Q 53-54, see general note

for series Q 44-152. Series Q 53-54, American Railway Car

Institute, Railroad Car Facts, New York, annual issues.

Q 45, mileage constructed. Miles on which operations were

begun during the year. Figures exclude relocated road or

road constructed to shorten distance without serving new

territory.

Q 46, mileage abandoned. Miles on which operation was

permanently abandoned during the year, the cost of which was

written out of the investment accounts or was scheduled to be

written out at the end of the year.

Q 49, track operated, first main track. Equivalent to miles

of road operated. Figures exceed those for series Q 47, road

owned, in some years because of two or more roads operating

on same line under trackage agreements.

Q 60, average tractive effort. Figures represent the force

in pounds exerted by locomotives, measured at the rim of the

driving wheels.

Q 61-63, passenger-train cars. Includes coaches and parlor,

sleeping, dining, club, lounge, observation, postal, baggage, ex

press, and other cars, as well as cars serving a combination of

purposes.

Q 64, freight-train cars. Includes cabooses as well as

freight-carrying cars.

Q 71, passenger revenue. Excludes revenue from services

such as handling of excess baggage or mail; sleeping and par

lor or chair car reservations; dining and buffet service on

trains ; station, train, and boat privileges ; parcel rooms ; storage

of baggage; or other miscellaneous services and facilities con

nected with the transportation of passengers. Passenger rev

enue depends upon the established tariffs (the published

schedules of rates and fares) and includes extra fares on

limited trains, additional railway fares for the exclusive use

of space, mileage and scrip coupons honored, or revenue from

the transportation of corpses.

Q 72, revenue per passenger mile. Represents figures for

series Q 71 divided by those for series Q 67.

Q 73-86. Railroad freight traffic and revenue, 1890-1957.

Source: See general note for series Q 44-152.

Revenue-tons and ton-miles exclude the movement of a rail

road company's materials and supplies on its own lines. A

carload is a shipment of 10,000 pounds or more of one com

modity from one shipper to one consignee.

Tons originated are tons identified as not having had pre

vious line-haul transportation by other rail carriers; such ship

ments include import traffic and traffic from outlying posses

sions of the United States received from water carriers at the

port of entry, and finished products from transit points. Ton-

miles are computed by multiplying the weight of each shipment

by the distance it moves and summing the products.

For definitions of Class I, II, and III roads, see general note

for series Q 44-152.

Q 75, products of agriculture. Includes not only raw farm

products but simple manufactures such as flour, corn meal,

cottonseed meal, cake, and linters. On the other hand, such

products as vegetable oils, sugar and molasses, canned fruits

424

RAIL TRANSPORTATION Q 77-124

and vegetables, and manufactured tobacco are included in

series Q 79, manufactures and miscellaneous.

Q 77, products of mines. Includes coke as well as coal and

other raw minerals.

Q 78, products of forests. Includes not only raw forest

products but lumber, shingles, lath; box, crate and cooperage

materials ; veneer and built-up wood.

Q 84, freight revenue. Includes revenue from the transpor

tation of freight and from transit, stop, diversion, and recon-

signment arrangements upon the basis of tariffs. Excludes

revenue from such activities as switching of freight-train cars;

water transfers of freight, vehicles, and livestock; movement

of freight trains at a rate per train-mile or for a lump sum;

storage of freight; demurrage; grain elevators; stockyards; or

other miscellaneous services and facilities connected with the

transportation of freight.

Q 87-88. Railroad passenger-miles per car-mile and per train-

mile, 1890-1957.

Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, Revenue Traffic

Statistics, December issues.

Figures for passenger-miles per car-mile for 1908-1919, and

for passenger-miles per train-mile for 1890-1932, were com

puted by the National Bureau of Economic Research from

figures for passenger-miles, car-miles, and train-miles presented

in Statistics of Railways in the United States.

Q 89. Passenger train-miles per train-hour, 1936-1957.

Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, Passenger Train

Performance, December issues.

The train-hour figures upon which these figures are based

are reckoned from the time a train leaves its original terminal

to the time it arrives at its final terminal. Time spent in

stopping to take on and discharge traffic and other delays on

the road is included.

Q 90-92. Railroad freight revenue ton-miles per loaded car-

mile, train-mile, and mile of road, 1890-1957.

Source : See general note for series Q 44-152.

Q 93. Freight train-miles per train-honr, 1920-1957.

Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, Freight Train

Performance, December issues.

For explanation of train-hour figures, see text for series

Q 89.

Q 94. Freight car-miles per car-day, 1921-1957.


Days of unserviceable cars are included in the divisor.

Q 95-102. Railroad property investment and capital, 1890-1957.


Q 95, investment, book value. Figures represent recorded

value, in the accounts of carriers, of land, fixed improvements

such as roadbed and track, rolling stock, maintenance machin

ery, etc., owned by them. Figures include property held

under contract for purchase.

Q 96, depreciation reserve. Figures represent the accumu

lated accounting allowance for loss in service value not

restored by current maintenance. The loss in value is incurred

in connection with the consumption or prospective retirement

of physical property in the course of service from causes

against which carriers are not protected by insurance, which

are known to be in current operation, and the effect of which

can be forecast with a reasonable approach to accuracy.

Q 100, funded debt unmatured. Funded debt is debt matur

ing more than one year from date of issue.

Q 101, net capitalization. Figures represent railway capital

outstanding, series Q 97, minus stocks and debt of railroad

companies held by other railroad companies.

Q 103-105. Railroad capital expenditures for additions and

betterments, 1921-1957.

Source: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Rail

way Economics, Railroad Transportation, annual issues.

Additions comprise: Additional facilities such as equipment

(rolling stock), tracks, buildings and other structures; addi

tions to such facilities, such as extensions to tracks, buildings

and other structures; additional ties laid in existing tracks;

and additional devices applied to facilities such as airbrakes

applied to cars not previously thus equipped.

Betterments comprise improvements of existing facilities

through the substitution of superior parts for inferior parts

retired, such as the substitution of steel-tired wheels for cast

wheels under equipment, the application of heavier rail in

tracks, the strengthening of bridges by the substitution of

heavier members, and the application of superior floors or

roofs in buildings.

Q 1 03-116. Railroad income and expenses, and interest and

dividends, 1890-1957.


Q 106, operating revenue. Includes revenue from freight,

passenger, and other transportation and incidental services.

Q 107-109, operating expenses. Includes current deprecia

tion.

Q 110, tax accruals. Taxes imposed by any form of govern

ment whether based on an assessed value of the property, on

amounts of stocks and bonds, on earnings, income, dividends

declared, payroll, number of passengers, quantity of freight,

length of road, rolling stock, or other basis. Tax accruals do

not include special assessments for street and other improve

ments, nor special benefit taxes such as water assessments.

Q 111, operating income. Figures represent net revenue

from railway operations (series Q 106 minus series Q 107)

less tax accruals (series Q 110).

Q 112, net operating income. Figures represent operating

income (series Q 111) minus net payable balance of equipment

and joint facility rents. The equipment rents deducted at this

point are those for equipment leased for less than one year,

or interchanged. They are usually on a per day or per mile

basis.

Q 113, net income. Figures represent net operating income

(series Q 112) plus other income, minus miscellaneous deduc

tions and fixed and contingent charges. Fixed charges are

mainly rent for leased roads and equipment (i.e., equipment

leased for one year or more), and interest (except contingent

interest) .

Q 116, interest accrued on funded debt. Figures include in

terest not paid during year on debt in default of interest; ex

clude interest on debt owned by issuing company, or on debt

incurred for new lines, extensions, additions or betterments,

accrued before such property is completed or comes into

service.

Q 117-123. Railroad tax accruals, 1921-1957.


Other taxes (series Q 123) are largely property taxes

levied by State or local governments.

Q 124. Miles of railroad operated by receivers or trustees,

1894-1957.


425

Q 125-152TRANSPORTATION

Q 125-127. Railroad highway grade crossings, 1925-1957.


Specially protected highway grade crossings (series Q 126)

include crossings with operated gates, watchmen, or both, dur

ing at least part of day, and those with audible signals, visible

signals, or both; exclude those with fixed signs only.

Q 128-137. Fuel received, ties and rails laid, and purchases

by railroads, 1917-1957.

Source: Series Q 128-134, see general note for series Q

44-152. Series Q 135-137, Association of American Railroads,

Railroad Transportation, annual issues.

Q 128-130, fuel received. Figures include not only fuel for

operation of trains but fuel for station, shop, or other use.

Q 131, new rails laid. Figures include both rails laid in

replacement and rails laid in additional tracks, new lines, and

extensions.

Q 132-133, cross-ties laid. Figures for 1917-1926 include

only ties laid in replacement. In 1927, 78,340,000 ties were

laid in replacement only. Treated ties are those which have

been subjected to some preservative process, e.g., creosoting,

before being placed in the track.

Q 138-140. Pullman Company operations, 1915-1957.

Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, Statistics of Rail

ways in the United States and Transport Statistics in the

United States, part 2, The Pullman Company (Sleeping Car

Companies), various annual issues; except series Q 139, 1915-

1921, Office of Business Economics, Survey of Current Busi

ness, January 1939, p. 18.

Figures for series Q 139 exceed those in series Q 70, parlor

and sleeping car passenger-miles, mainly because travel of

railroad employees, etc. (for which railroad companies receive

no revenue) is not included in series Q 70; but if Pullman

accommodations are paid for, the travel is included in series

Q 139.

The number of Pullman employees (series Q 140) is the

number on the payroll at the end of the year.

Q 141-142. Railroad employees and compensation, 1890-1957.


An employee is defined as a person in the service of a rail

road, subject to its continuing authority to supervise and direct

the manner of rendition of his service. Persons such as law

yers engaged to render only specifically defined service for

specific cases and not under general or continuing retainer are

not classed as employees. For 1890-1914, the number of em

ployees is the number on the payroll at the end of the year.

Thereafter, the nature of the figures included for the smaller

(Class II and III) roads is not clear in the source. For Class

I roads they appear to be averages of 4 quarterly counts,

1915-1920, and of 2 quarterly and 6 months counts, 1921;

beginning 1922, they are averages of 12 monthly counts.

Q 143-152. Railroad accidents and fatalities, 1891-1957.

Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, Accident Bulle

tin, annual issues.

The Accident Reports Act approved May 1910 requires

the filing of monthly reports of railway accidents and au

thorizes the Interstate Commerce Commission to investigate

accidents. A reportable accident is one arising from the

operation of a railway resulting ... in the death of a

person; or in the disability of an employee for more than

3 days during the 10 days following the accident; or in

the disability of others for more than 1 day.

426


Series Q 1-11. Railroad and Other Domestic Intercity Freight Traffic, by Type of Transportation: 1939 to 1957

[In millions of ton-miles. A ton-mile is the movement of 1 ton (2,000 pounds) of freight traffic for the distance of 1 mile. Comprises public and private traffic]

Totaltraffic,volume

Railroads 1 Motor vehicles Inland waterways 1 Oil pipelines Airways 1

Year VolumePercentof total

VolumePercentof total




1 2 8 4 6 6 7 8 9 10 11

1967 1,852,181 626,222 46 31 260,856 19 29 231,792 17 14 232,660 17 21 601 0.0441956 1,360,142 655,891 48 22 253,751 18 66 219,978 16 17 229,969 16 91 563 .041

1966 1,277,806 631,385 49 41 226,188 17 70 216,508 16 94 208,244 15 91 481 .0871964-..- 1,124,462 556,557 49 50 214,626 19 09 173,679 15 45 179,203 16 94 397 .0861963 1,204,098 614,199 51 01 '217,163 18 04 • 202,439 16 81 169.884 14 11 413 .0341962 1,144,264 623.373 54 48 194,607 17 01 168,367 14 71 157,502 IS 76 415 .0361951 1,178,076 666,863 65 68 188,012 16 96 '182,216 16 47 152,115 12 91 379 .032

1960 _. 1,062,637 596,940 56 17 172,860 16 27 163,344 16 37 129,175 12 16 818 .0301949. . 916,877 534,694 68 88 126,636 18 83 139.396 16 22 114,916 12 56 236 .0261948 1,044,978 647,267 61 94 116,045 11 10 •161,846 15 49 119,597 11 44 223 .0211947 1,018,651 664,523 65 24 102,095 10 02 146,714 14 40 106.161 10 82 158 .0161946 908,854 602,069 66 61 81,992 9 07 123,973 18 72 95,727 10 59 98 .010

1946 1,027,115 690,809 67 26 66,948 6 52 142,737 13 90 126,630 12 32 91 .0091944 1,088,266 746,912 68 68 58,264 5 85 150,155 13 80 132,864 12 21 71 .0071948..- 1,031.185 734,829 71 26 56,784 5 51 141,652 13 74 97,867 9 49 63 .0051942 929,004 645,422 69 47 69,896 6 45 148,565 16 99 75,087 a 08 34 .0041941 772,020 481,766 62 40 81,363 10 64 140,454 18 19 68,428 8 86 19 .002

1940 618,692 879,201 61 80 62,048 10 08 118,057 19 08 59,277 9 58 14 .0021989 543,634 838,850 62 84 52,821 9 72 96,249 17 71 66,602 10 23 12 .002

1 Revenue ton-miles. Includes electric railroads, express, and mail. * Ton-miles revised upward on basis of new data; not applied to previous years.

1 Includes Great Lakes. ' Part of these year-to-year changes resulted from coverage of waterways previously* Domestic revenue service. Includes express, mail, and excess baggage. in use but not covered.

Series Q 12-14. Indexes of Transportation Output: 1889 to 1953

[Weighted indexes, 1939-100]

Alltraffic

12

Passenger

13

Freight

14

Year

Alltraffic

12

Passenger

13

Freight

14

Year

Alltraffic

12

Passenger

13

Freight

14

1953.19521951

1950.1949194819471946.

194519441943

219

206182205203192

213222216

8

248 176

«

19121941.

19401939193819371936

19351934193319321931

183137

11010089101

98

7976706682

8

10810097103

99

8784767994

11410087101

92

7774686279

19301929192819271926

192519241923192219211920

1889

97110106106108

102981028881103

18.5

108118117119

121

120121122116115127

25.5

95108103102104

979196817296

16.5

1 Not available.

Series Q 15-22. Railroad Mileage and Equipment: 1830 to 1890

Year

Mileage

Roadoperated(Dec. 81)

Roadowned 1

16

Alltrack

(Dec. 31)

17

Equipment 1

Locomotives

18

Revenue cars

Total

19

Passenger Freight

21

Baggage,mail,

express

Year

Miles ofroad

operated(Dec. 81)

15

Year

Miles ofroad

operated(Dec. 81)

15

1890. .1889..

1888..1887.1886..

1386.1884.1883.1882.1881.

1880.1879.1878.1877.1876.

1875.1874.1873.1872.1871.

166,703161,276166,114149,214136,338

128,820125,346121,422114,677103,108

98,26286 , 55681,74779,08276,808

74,09672,38570,26866,17160,301

163,359159,934154,222147.953188,566

127,689126,119120,619114,428103,530

92,14784,39380,83279,20876,306

74,09672,62370,65157,32851,455

208,152202,088191,876184,935167,962

160,506166,414149,101140,878180,465

115,647104,766103,64997,80894,665

31,81230,56629,00627,27526,108

25,66224,35323,40521,88919,911

17,94917,08416,44615,91115,618

1,090,8691,080,6651,032,182•976,772

870,602

828,058820,954800,741750,933667,218

•556,930

496,718439,109408,082399,524

21,66421,47120,24719,33918,366

16,49716,64416,23014,93413,947

12,78912,00911,68312,053

•14,621

1,061,9521,061,1411,005,108950,889846,912

806,517798,399778,663780,435648,296

639,265480,190423,013392,175384,903

7,2537,0536,8276,5546,325

6,0446,9116,8485,5644,976

4,7864,6194,4133,854

1870.1869.1868.1867.1866.

1865.1864.1863.1862.1861.

1860.1859.1868.1857.1866.

1865.1864.1853.1852.1851.

52,92246,84442,22939,05036,801

35,08533,90888 , 17032,12081,286

80,62628,78926,96824 , 50322,076

18,87416,72016,36012,90810,982

1860.1849.1848.1847.1846.

1845.1844.1843.1842.1841.

1840.1839.1838.1837.1836.

1836.1884.1833.1832.1881.

1830.

9,0217,3665,9965,5984,980

4,6334,8774,1854,0268,586

2,8182,3021,9131,4971,278

1,09863338022995

1 Prior to 1882, includes elevated railways.* Prior to 1881, includes elevated railways.

1 Agrees with source ; however, figures for components do not add to total shown,mail, and <

427


Series Q 23-32. Railroad Passenger and Freight Service: 1865 to 1890

Passenger service Freight service Freight service Freight service

Year

Passenger

revenue

Passengers

carried

Passengermiles

Revenue(passen

ger-mile)

Freightrevenue

Totalrevenue

Ton-miles

carried,all

roads

Revenueperton-mile

Revenueton-miles

pertrain-mile

Ton-miles

carried,13 railroads

Year

Passenger

revenueservice

Freightrevenue

Ton-miles


YearFreightrevenue

Ton-miles


tonscarried 1

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 23 27 32 27 32

$1,000 1,000520,439494,808451,354428,226382,285

Mil.12,52211,96511,19110.5711

9,660

Cenit2.1742.1692.2462.2762.194

$1,000 1,000691,344619,166590,857552,075482,245

Mil. Cents0.9270.9700.9771.0341.042

163.99159.91159.36156.16150.99

Bit. $1,000 $1,000 BO.14.4813.0710 688.758.74

$1 ,000 Bit.4.924.223.443.032 622.16

1890 272,321 734,822 79,193 1880___1879...1878.--1877-,.1876- -_

147.653 467,749 18701889 259.439 665,962 68,677 142,336 386,676 1869...

1868800,000

1888 251,356 639,201 65,423 124,637 365,4661887 240,543 636,666 61,561 125,205 347,705 18671886 211,930 550,359 52,802 136,121 361,137 1866

1885 200,884206,791206,837188,137173,357

351,428334,571312.687289,031

9,1348,7798,5417,688

2.1992.3562.4222.447

509,691502,870539,510485,778551,968

437,040399,075400,453360,490

49,15244,72544,06539,302

1.0571.1241.2241.236

143 59133.58125 86128.81

17.8316.8117.0916.2316.06

1875...1874...1873...1872..-1871...

139,105140,999137,384132,309108,899

363,960379,467389,036340,932294,430

7.847.737.486.42

1865

1884188318821881 5.57

' Revenue tons carried for 1870 are 72,500,000 tons; for 1861, 55,073,000 tons.

Series Q 33-42. Railroad Property Investment, Capital, Income, and Expenses: 1850 to 1890

[In thousands of dollars]

Year

Property investment and capital

Investmentin railroad

andequipment

33

Stock, mortgage bonds, equipment,obligations, etc.

Total

34

Capital stock

35

Bonded debt

Stockpaying

dividends

37

Income and expenses

Totaltraffic

earnings

Operatingexpenses

39

Netearnings

Interest and dividends

Dividendspaid

41

Interestpaid on

funded debt

EXCLUDING ELEVATED RAILWAYS

1890 _1889. -.

1887 _.1886

1885188418831882..

INCLUDING ELEVATED RAILWAYS

1890.1889..1888. -.1887

1886

1885.1884.1883.1882.1881.

1880.1879.1878.1877.1876.

1875-1874.1873.1872.1871.

1870.1869.1868.1867.

1863.1861.1860.1855.1861.1850.

8,789,2228,698,0818,344,3057,799,4727,254,995

7,037,6276,924,5646,684,7666,036,0905,577,997

4,653,6094.416.5114,166,3324,180,1924,086,663

10,020,9259,576,9409,281,9168.595,0418,089,268

7,775,8587,617,9867,423,0406,960,649

10,122,6369,680,9429,369,3998,673,1878,163,149

7,842,5337,676,3997,477,8667,016,7506.278,565

5,402,0384.872,0184,772,2974,806,202■4,468,592

4,658,2094,221,7643,784,5433.159,4232.664,628

2,476,8932,041,2261,869,5291,172,881

4,590,4724,447,1044,392,2874,146,9583,956,377

3,778,6103,726,6553,675,7933,478.914

4.640,2404.496,0994,438,4114,191,5623,999,509

3,817,6983,762,6173,708,0613,511,0368,177,376

2,708,6732.395,6472,292,2582,313,2792,248,359

2,198,6011,990,9971,947,6391,647,8441,481,460

5,055,2254,784,1734,585,4724,155,6283,853,748

3,740,2553,647,3133,479,4123,214,084

5,105.9024,828,3664,624,0354,186,9433,882,966

3,765,7273,669,1163 , 500 , 8803,235,5432,878,424

2,530,8752,319,4892,297,7912,255,3192,165,141

'2,459,607•2,230,766•1,836,904•1,511,579

1,086,040991,935950,520931,373822 , 192

765,311763,307807,113

524,880

498,822

342.071317,867297,307331,174297,312

266.489266.614291 . 588

83.57679,53278,94390,01380,094

77,67293.204101,579

224 , 500216,878205,288202.009182,885

179,681167,286

'171,414

1,721,0941,790.8421,769,7731,805,4881,675,670

1,304,8021,658,9191,713,7021,673,791

937,025

1,097,8471,002,926960,256940,151829,941

772,569777,396823 , 773770,210701,781

613,734625,621490,103472,909497,268

503,066620,466526,420466,241403,329

302,528301,933310,806

330,895342,609

346,921322 , 123301,631334 , 989300,604

269,494270,891298,367280,317272,407

255,558216,646187 , 576170,977186,453

185,506189,571183,811165,764141,746

85,07681,26380,24391,67381,654

77,67294,415102,063102,03193,344

77,11561,68153,62958,55668,040

74,29467,04367,12164,41856.467

226.800218,974207,124203,790189,036

187,426178,058173,140150,232128,587

107,866112,238103,16198,82193,660

756,223 416,658

1,149,481763,678

334,000

190,000130,000

228,700 105,300 32,125

424,792 299,263

318,126

84,25039,566

42,802

1 Includes other interest. 1 Sum of capital stock, bonded debt, and $55,092,192 Pacific R.R., U.S. subsidiary bonds. • Includes other debt.

Series Q 43. Miles of Railroad Built: 1830 to 1925

Year

1925192419231922192119201919191819171916

Miles

43

644679427324476314686721979

1,098

Year

1916191419131912191119101909190819071906

Miles

43

9331,6323,0712,9973,0664,1223,7483,2146,2125,623

Year

1905190419031902190119001899189818971896

Miles

43

4,3883,8325,6526,0265,3684,8944,5693,2662,1091,692

Year

18951894189318791878187718761876187418731872

Miles

43

1,4201,7603.0245,0062,4282,2802,6761,6062,6846,2177,439

Year

18711870186918681867186618651864186318621861

Miles

43

6,6605,6684,1032,4682,5411,404819947674720

1,016

Year

1860185918581857185618551854186318521851

Miles

43

1,5001,7071,9662,0771,4712,4533,4422,1702,2881,274

Year

1850184918481847184618451844184318421841

Miles

43

1,2611,0481,056

277180288605606

Year

1840183918381837183618351834183318321831

491386453348280138214116191

428


Series Q 44-72. Railroad Mileage, Equipment, and Passenger Traffic and Revenue: 1890 to 1957

[Includes intercorporate duplications. Unless otherwise noted, covers Class I, II, and III railroads, except that prior to 1908 includes returns for switching and terminal companieswhere applicable]

Number

ofoperat

ingrail

roads 1

1 1

415422

441443448454462

471481485

(M513

617

EM534543559

574600611631641

661678700709749

775809849MM929

947995

1,0231,0411,058

1,0851,1111,1311,1681,216

1.2431,2601,2971.2961,2981.312

1,3061,3161,3231,5641,491

1,3801.3141,2811,2191,213

1,2241,2061,1921,1581,111

1,1041,0431,0341.002

9911.013

Mileage

Constructed

Abandoned

16

Roadowned *

47

49 1.14974 613

105 60249 69450 66676 96571 456

33 755100 620

71 52979 70920 881

40 65146 70534 1,14988 2,88622 1,695

19 1,2841 1,697

86 1,62111 9 1.642

38 1,677

2.7 1,974

88 1,784122 2,016821 1.870602 779

460 954671 782916 710

Bit 797881 892

.795 7536:) .7 617441 537818 1,188881 687

220,670221,098221,758222,508223,42

223,779224,511225.149225,806226.438

226,696227.335227,999229,174231,971

233,670235,064236.842238,539240,104

241,822243.85245,703247.595248,829

249,052249,433249,309249,131249,138

249,398250,156250,222250,413261,176

252,8451253,1253,529253,626254.037

254,251263,789252,105249,777246,777243,979

240,293236,834233,468

229,95224,363

218,101213,904207,97"202,472197,237

193,346189,295186,396184,428182,777

180,657178,709176,461171,564168,403163,697'

Track operated

Total 1

48

386,996389,668

390,965392 , 580393 , 736394,631395,831

396,380397,232397.203397,355398,037

398.054398,437398,730399,627403,625

405,975408,350411,324414,672416,381

419,228422,401'425,664!428.402429,823

429,883429,054427,750424 , 737421,341

417,954415,028412,993409,359407,531

406.580403,891402,343400,353397,014

391,142387,208379,508371,238362,824

351,767342.351333,646327,975317,083

306,797297,073283,822274,106265,352

258,784250,143245,334242,013239,140

233,276229,796221,864'211,051207,446199,876

Firstmaintrack

49

Othermaintracks

50

232,177233 , 509

233.955234,342234,959235.545236,476

236,857237.564287 , 756288,209239,069

239.438240,21.7240,7451241.737244,263

245,740246.922248,474260.582251,542

252,930254,882256,741268,869259.999

260,440260,570260 , 646259,639268,815

268,631258,238258,084267.425258,362

259,941258 , 525258.507259,705259,705

269,211257.569256,547253,470249,852246.238

240,831235.402230,494227,465222,340

216,974212,243205.314200,155195,562

192,556187,635184.648183.284181,983

177,746175,691169,780162,397161,275156,404'

Yardtracksand

sidings

Roadoperated,

.71

37,12337.908

38,82539 . 52039,79439.97740,157

40.45640.63940.84540,95441,015

41,10641,17841,09341,13741,166

41,37341,44541 , 58941 , 67941,731

41,91642 . 10942,39742 , 55642,780

42,74242,71142,43242,07141.686

40,96239.91638,69737.88837,614

36,89486,73036,22835,066i34,325

33,86433,66232,37630,82729,36727,613

25,35424,57323,69922,77120,982

19,88118,33816,94815,82014,876

14,07513,38413,09612,79512,440

12,34812.16811,63310,84610,4289,760

New cars deliveredfor domestic use

gerservice 1

117,678118,251

118,185118,718118,983119,109119,198

119,067119,029118,602118,192117,953

117,510117,044116,892116,758118,196

118,862119.983121,261122.411123,108

124,382125,410126,526126.977127,044

126,701125,778124,772123,027120,840

118,361116,874116,212114,046111,565

109,744108,637107,608105,682102,984

101,86999,91098.28595.21192,01988,974

85,58282,37779,45377,74973,761

69,94266,49261,56068,22154,915

52,15349,22447,68945,93444,718]

43,18141.94140,46187.808135,74233 ,711

112,522115,749

120,711124,572128,943132,903139,178

147,511156.821160,140161.115161,407

161,920162,290162,429163.658167,951

170,175172,031173,616175.543178,403

Equipment *

Freighttrain

53

99,29067.080

37.54535,69681,02177.88395,993

43.99192 , 562112,64068,52241,9561

43,86443.00331,83662 . 873

80,623

62,34125,13216,47077,49846,612

7,61525,1762,1633,25213,203

74,920!81,59046,06063,37088,862

105,735113.711175,74866,28940,292

60,95594.98167,063115,706111,616

Passengertrain

.71

'•58,226■»97,626|

"176,049

705396

886349386117179

964

933891861

1,337

9311,003685418349

257276434629191

205276

977

323

1,5342,4551,5712,0872,814

2.4282,5172.034

9771,161

831126750

1,6841,344

Locomotives in service

Total ■

.7.7

'"1.513"3,589"2,654"2,509"3,362

32.39132,593

33,63335,03337,25139,69742,473

42, 951 143,272144.47444,34445,611

46,26346,30545.40644,67144,375

44.33345.17246,54447.65548,009

49,54151,42354,22856,73268,652

60 , 18961.26763,31165,34866,847

68,09869,48669,41468,51869 . 122

68,94268.97767,93666,0701

65,595

65,31466,50267,01265,69763,46362,463

60,01968,21957,69855,38851,672

48,35746,74343,87141.22589,584

37.66336.70336,23435.98635,960

35.69935,49234,78833,13632,139'30,140

Steam Electric !

2,6083,918

6,2669,04112,27416,73722 , 590

26,68030,34434,58136,94239,592

41,018!41.92141.98341.75541,911

42,41043,60445,21046,34246,923

48,47750,46553.30255,83157,820

59,40660,57262,64264,84366,381

67,71369,11469,00568,12168,733

68,55468,59267,56365,69965,263

65,02166,229

Diesel

,7N

697616

639

669718790817

827856867864867

885902907892895

900879

882872

868

884805789

764709

663621617467435

379

372409

897889

888885373371342

293273

Other

29 , 137 49

28,001 58

26 . 563 65

25,256 67

24,209 6522,118 52

19,014 52

15,396 4812,025 478,981 456,495 436.008 44

4,301 498,432 602,476 401,978 46

1,517 52

967 56

639 50

403 49

293 48

175 .73

130 50

104 49

85 52so 57so 43

77 43

25 39(•) • 52

(•) •38

11 20

1 5

1 Includes circular and unofficial.3 First track. Includes lessors, proprietary, circular and unofficial companies.

1 For railroads reporting track by class. Excludes circular and unofficial, figuresfor which cover road, first track only.

4 Class I line-haul railroads.' Includes switching and terminal companies.'For 1890-1927, number of locomotives; for 1928-1957, number of units, except

for steam locomotives. (A unit is the least number of wheel bases together with superstructure capable of independent propulsion, but not necessarily equipped with an

ntrol.)

7 For 1915-1922, identified as "other than steam," but all or almost all of the locomotives must be electric.

« For 1916-1956, represents steam locomotives and freight cars of Class I railroadsexcluding switching and terminal companies; for 1957, includes all Class I locomotives

including switching and terminal <» Diesel included with "Other."10 Calendar-year data.

429


Series Q 44-72. Railroad Mileage, Equipment, and Passenger Traffic and Revenue: 1890 to 1957—Con.

Equipment •—Con.

Passenger-train carsin service

Railroadonly

61

29,56480,817

32,11833,03534,10634,94286,326

87,35938,00639,40689,05738,697

88,68338,21738,33138.44638,334

88,30888,97739,93140.94941,390

42,42644,88447,67750,59852,096

63,58453,83854,80055,72956,855

56,81457,46157,15956,82766,950

56,10256,29056,61155,93966,198

54,77465,81054,49252,71751,58349,906

47,17945.66445,29243,97342,262

40,71339,75238,14036,98785,969

34,71333,85033 , 59533,62633,003

33,11233,01881,38428,87627,94926,820

Class I railroadsand Pullman Co.

Total

62

32,231

35,45587,76839,53241,01142,406

43,87243 , 57844,44744,84145,687

46,86346 , 58845,764

Airconditioned

14,32314,651

14,78415,73316,23116,32016,602

16,74716,00815,24914,62813,967

12,68518,17613,165

Freight-train cars

in

Number

1,777,5571,738,631

1,728,7471,761,3861,801,8741,783,8621,777,878

1,745,7781,778,8111,785,0671,759,7681,768,400

1,787,0731,797,0121,784,4721,773,7351,782,678

1.684,1711,680,5191,731.0961,776,4281,790,043

1,867,3811,973,2472,072,6322,184,6902,245,904

2,322,2672,323,6832,346,7512,378,8002,403,967

2,414,0832,411,6272,379,1312,352,4832,878,510

2,888,4242,426,8892,397,9432,379,4722,829,476

2,313,3782,341,5672,849,7842,298,4782,229,1632,208,997

2,148,4782,086,8352,100,7841,991,6571,837,914

1,781,4091,692,1941,653,7821,546,1011,464,828

1,866,6311,295,6101,248,8261,221,7301,221,887

1,196,1191,205,1691,013,307966,998947,800918,491

Averagecapacity 8

65

Tom54.554.0

58.758.753.553.252.9

52.662.451.951.651.3

51.150.850.750.650.3

60.049.749.449.248.8

48.348.047.647.047.0

46.946.345.845.646.1

44.844.843.843.142.5

42.441.941.641.540.9

40.539.739.138.337.486.9

35.935.334.933.882.2

30.880.129.4

Passenger traffic and revenue

Passengers

1,000412,625429,994

433,808440,770468,262470,979485,468

488,019656,741645,536706,651794,824

897,384915,817887,674672,420488,668

456,088454,032454,608499,688492,493

448.059462,176434,848480,718699,227

707,987786,432798,476840,030874,689

901,963960,459

1,008,538989,609

1,061,131

1,269,9131,211,0221,122,9631,109,9431,048,987

1,015,338985,676

1,063,2491,043,6031,004,081997,410

971,683891,472890,010873,906797,946

738,835715,420694,892649,879607,278

576,831528,177601,067489,445511,773

507,421640,688698,561560,958531,184492,431

Passenger-miles

Total

67

Mil.25,91428,216

28,64829,81031,67934,03334,640

81.79085,13341,22445,97264,754

91,82695,66387,92558,74729,406

23,81622,71321,66724,69522,460

18,50918,06916.36816,99721,983

26,87631,16531,71833,79836,678

36,16736,36838,29486,81137,706

47,87046,83843,21240,10035,220

34,30932,47535,35734,673S3 , 13283,202

82,33829,10929,08327,71926,167

23,80021,92320,91619,69017,354

16,03814,59113,38012,25713,049

12,18814,28914,22913,36312,84411,848

Commutation 1

Mil.4,8284,841

4,7764,7684,7574,7554,866

4,9906,4785,8556,0115,857

6,4185,3445,2614,7614,088

3,9974,0124,0324,1164,188

4,1184,1634,3084,9866,018

6,6696,8986,6266,6506,605

6,5926,4076,4016,132

Coach •

Mil.16,87517,074

17,81417,68718,95519,75819,524

17,44320,27324,31527,66039,039

69,41563,28857,90980,91016,106

12,48511,11810,24712,417

Revenue

Parlorand

Bleeping

70

Mil.6,1856,275

6,4416,8507,9609,50410,226

9,3389,34911,01512,26119,801

26,91226,94424,67517,8539,166

7,2887,527

7,3548,126

Total

71

11.000736,408757,625

743.688767,987842,663906,838901,019

814,741862,139965,630965,005

1,261,416

1,719,3161,793,3221,665,8141,030,486

515,851

417,955417,716406,406443.532413,189

368.423346,870829,816377,611651,726

730,766875,929906,271980,528

1,049,210

1,064,8061,085,6721,158,9251,087,6161,166,252

1,304,8151,193,4311,046,166840,910722,359

689,627646,475703,484

" 695,988660,373657,688

628,992563,609566 , 833564.606610,033

472,695444,327421,706392,963361,356

323,716291,113266,970251,136266,563

262,246285,350301,492286,806281,179260,786

* Class I line-haul railroads.* Includes switching and terminal companies.* For 1916-1956, represents steam locomotives and freight cars of Class I railroads

excluding switching and terminal companies; for 1967, includes all Class 1 locomotivesincluding switching and terminal companies.

11 Excludes caboose cars.12 Class 1 and II railroads.

430


Series Q 73-86. Railroad Freight Traffic and Revenue: 1890 to 1957

[In Ions of 2,000 pounds]

Revenue freight originated (Class I railroads)

In carloads

Freight and revenue (Class I, II, and III railroads)

Revenue

Yearending—

Alltonnage

Products Manufactures

Less Revenue-tonsoriginated

Haulperton »Total

ofagriculture

Animals Products ofmines

Products offorests

thancarload

Ton-miles Per

ton '

Perton-mile

andproducts and

misc. 1

Total

73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

1,0001.880,3271,447,422

1,0001,874,8841,440,937

1,000 1,00011,07413,198

1,000 1,00077,49787,799

1,000 1,0005,4436,485

Mil.1.4491,621

Mil.621.907651,188

Miles429.20428.08

$1,0009,063,7499,088,687

Dol.6.265.97

Cents1.4571 396

1957 137.618 769,675 879,0201956 138,093 796,480 406,367

1955 1,396.3391,223,9691,884.3011.382,6041,477.402

1,389,3461,217,0061,376,046;1,373.2941,467,028

133,789131,783181,137138,416140,811

13,161IS , 12813,76814,60114,862

761,993650,074764,292752.699819,373

82,58476,65082,10783,48086,522

397,819346,420394,742384,097405,955

6,9936,9648,2559,31010,379

1,4591,2791,4481,4471,647

626.893652,197608,954617,942649,831

430.67431.65420.66426.93419.99

8,665,8797,914,8099,077,9968,915.1808,767,874

6.956.196.276.165.66

1.8821.4381.4911.4431.348

1954

195319521951

1950. 1,354,1961,226,5031,506,8781,537.5461,366,617

1,843,3081,213,9111,488,6121,514,9851,342,280

129,175140,383145,176168,168149,941

14,32115,28416,86519,71621,587

746,808658.759845,640847.807717,806

78,86069,25786,10487,02784,817

374,144 10,88812,59218,26622,56124,887

1.4211,2841.5801,6181,432

591,550529,111641,104657,878594,943

416.32412.02405.64407 . 82415.48

7,983,7647.151,2378,090,1947,140,8815,866,351

6.586.576.124.484.10

1.8411.8521.2621.086.986

1949.. 335,228394,827402,267368,079

194819471946

1945 1,424,9131,491,4911,481,2251.421.1871,227,650

1,404,0801,471,8661,462,3141.403,6121,209,559

159,571145,685148,971117,818100,178

28,74825,41822,93620,62016,810

732,942785,265797 , 163804 , 577684,433

75,60483,73180,89984,57071,540

412,215431,272412,345876,527336,603

20,83820,12518,91117,57518,091

1,4931,5651.5571,4981,296

684 , 148740,586730,182640,992477,676

458.14473.28469.07427.76368.54

6,617,2137,087,0836,865,7646,026,4164,609,760

4.484.534.41

.967

.957

.940

.940

.944

1944...19431942 4.02

3.481941

1940 1,009,421901,669771,862

994,728886,794757,470998,398942,538

88,82191,56495.89089,46086,648

15,45616,04914,76015,23316,209

670,220496,939408,836569,746541,488

68,22150,15643,97358,65853,156

262,010233,086194,512265,302245,037

14,69314,87514,39217,18816,292

1,069956820

1.0751.012

875,369385,876291,866362.815341.182

351.13351.21856.05337.43387.29

3,584,2013,297,0592,900,6763,428,4213,856,631

8.858.453.543.198.32

.965

.983

.994

.945

.984

1939.19381937 1,015.586

958,8301936

1935 789,627766,296698,943646,223894,186

775,688750,951684,692630,989871,412

76.83879,30681,70280,91797.487

15,12520,36317,65118,06521,632

445,136436,380395,065362,226501,903

42,48335,66033,16526,10943,024

196,506179,253157,009143,682207,866

14,03914,34614,35115,23422,774

832802733679945

283.637270.292250,651235.309311,073

341.05836.91841.77346.63829.23

2,831,1392,671,9012,528,9682,485,4763,302,324

8.403 833.453.668.60

.998

.9891.0091.0561.062

1934193319321981..

1930 1.153,1971,839,0911.285,9431,281,6111,336,142

1,128,6301,303,0481,248,989

1,243,1711,296,651

110,728116,348118,022113,842111,787

23,12924,90725,63426,00326,244

642,537737,879696,583713,402767,703

69,87194,85596,73799,351104,851

277,766380.064812,013291,073296,066

29,66736,04336,95438,44039,491

1,2201,4191,8711,8731.440

385.815460.189486,087432,014447,444

816.21817.17318.00814.75310.81

4,145,0154,899,1684,771,5624,728,8864,905,981

8.408.453.483.458.41

1.0741.0881.0941.0951.096

1929192819271926

1925 1,247,2421,187,2961,279,0301,028,745940,183

1,206,6551,146,7471,284,692980,516898,191

109,313116.687109,318111.787114,069

26,32427,74728,26426,28024,263

678,386637,582713,785532,998511,271

107,391108,094116,61889,05976,419

285,291256,737267,767220,442172,169

40,58740,54944,33843,22941,992

1.8511,2871.3881,1121,018

417.418391.945416,266342.188309,533

808.93304.44299.94807.77304.11

4,648,3644,437,3804,712,4954,086,7424,004,109

3 443.453.403.673.93

1.1141.1321.1321.1941.294

1924

192319221921

1920 '1,255,421'1,096,4491,263,3441,264,016

'1.208,367

•1,202,219

'1.045,1481,209,9571,210,247

•1,160,456

110,840115,083116,051104,629113,685

26,59535,49485,77731,86830,473

712,155589,951734,796732,653680,123

100,76594,07697,256

251,864210,256226,077240,269231,089

53,20251,30153,88753,76962,911

1,3631,1901,3771,8821,817

413,699867,161408,778398,263366,173

303.52808.60296 . 89288.18277.98

4,420,8333,624,8863,622.0522,897,4362,631,092

8.248.052 562.102.00

1.069.987.862.728.719

191919181917 100,838

98,8191916

JUNE 30

1916607,266574,000692,164506,306483,861

1,2631,0241,1301,1831,0311,003

343,477277,186288,637801,780264,081263,784

271.98270 . 69255.43255.15256.87254.10

2,469,0272,037,9262,126,717'2,198,9311,968,5591,925,991

1.961.991.88

'1.921.911.92

.719

.735

.737« .729.744.757

1916 '925,697'1,023,131'1.067,978

'926,990'901,573

'878,761'982,892

•1,026,817

'889.999•866,398

109,48398,825

26,00126,35225,66924,06422,833

76,67491,09498,76274,79679,845

157,085177,950196,947166,134163,380

46,93640,23941,16136,99136,175

19141913 102,658

86,43381,780

19121911

1910 1,026881870977896

265,017281,803218,382236,601215,878

249 . 68251.10258.94242.05240.89

1,926,5641,677,6141,665,4191,823,6621,640,387

1.881.901.901.871.83

.753

.763

.754

.759

.748

1909.. .1908.1907..1906

1905 785714715658584

186,463174 , 622173,221167,289147,077

237 . 56244.30242.35239.10251.98

1,450,7781,379,0031,838,0201,207,2291,118,543

1.851.981.871.841.92

.766

.780

.763

.757

.760

1904190319021901

1900 688502

141,597123,667114,07895,18995,328

242.73246.68

1,049,256913,737876,728772,849786,616

1.801.82

.729

.724

.758

.798

.806

18991898.1897..1896...

1895 85,228 729,993699,491829,054799,316786,794714,464

.839

.860

.878

.898

.895

.941

1894 80,33593,58888,24181,07476,207

1898

18921891...1890

1 Includes forwarder traffic beginning 1989. 1 Includes the following amounts of unassigned carload tonnage (thousands): 1911,> United States as a system, i.e., ton-miles or revenue of connecting roads is included 36,199; 1912, 82,266; 1918, 15,617; 1914, 14,671; 1915, 2,268; 1916, 1,367; and 1919,

in the numerator, but only tonnage originated in the denominator. 338.

4 Class I and II railroads.

[

431


[Tons are of 2,000

Series Q 87-94. Railroad Passenger and Freight Operations: 1890 to 1957

Claw I, II, and III railroads except as follows: Series Q 87. Class I beginning 1911; series Q 88, Class I beginning 1983; and series Q 89, Q 93. Q 94,

Class I for all years]

Yearending—

Passenger service

Passenger-milesper—

Car-mile

87

Train-mile

Train-milesper

train-hnur

X9

Freight service

Revenue ton-miles per-

Loadedcar-mile 1

Train-mile

91

Mile

ofroad

92

Train-milesper

train-hour

•J.I

Car-miles

percar-day

94

Yearending-

Passenger service,passenger-miles

per—

Car-mile

87

Train-mile

Freight service,ton-miles pe

Loadedcar-mile'

Train-mile

Mileof

road

91 92

18.1 93 918.1 96 9

17.8 95 217 4 92 017.7 94 s

18.1 98 ■1

18.1 97 2

17.0 88 5

18.0 92 0

19.4 100 8

21.1 110 224.7 143 7

30.4 189 732.2 199 X

31.7 188 623.7 124 916.0 72 7

14.0 60 :)13.5 57 613.1 54 514.0 59 013.6 56 •1

11.2 47 510.9 46 710.2 42 59.8 39 910.5 44 7

11.3 48 912.5 54 412.9 55 118.5 57 914.2 60 4

14.8 61 :»15.3 62 l16.3 65 915.9 64 616.4 66 4

19.8 82 4

M 24*1 0

39 839 539 1

38 3

37 7

37 487 036 736 135 1

34 7

34 X

31 735 7

36 1

35 8

35 434 7

84 53 1 0

32.4231.98

30.9930.2730.66'31.0231.38

29.9729.4830.9030.6129.25

30.1830.6231.3629.7626.28

25.4024 5923.8024.6824.32

23.4923.1923.2622.5623.44

24.2824.5224.8124.6024.96

24.5524.4725.1824.3124.6026.71

1,369.561,347.21

1,296.861,216.541,219.031,210.901,211.06

1,131.471,044.881,080.301,052.43992 . 95

1,034.491,045.671.027.641

947 . 87827.48

764.30727.46676.57708.35687.49

646.17623 . 62619.13585.49652.87

699.27718.03705.86689.68688 . 56

662.53634.43632.32599 . 12566.74639.03

2,676,5732,789,340

2,679,4822,356,6462,592,1882,622,4632,748,700

2,496,9272,229,4302,695,7082,752,9152,488.499

2,852,6153.084,1958,032,1992,638,0671,950,166

1,525,6791,355.0521,171,6371,446,9211,363,406

1.119,2901,058.609972,262908,296

1,196,960

1,481,1991,727,7861,677,089l,668,800i

1,732,295

1,613,8621,518,5561,615,7411,330,4601,199,3281,597,133

1 This average is obtained by dividing the revenue ton-miles by the total loadedcar-miles, the latter item including some cars loaded with nonrevenue freight. Thismethod is necessary to preserve comparability with figures for the earlier years, andthe figures differ slightly from the average "net tons per loaded car" shown in the

18.818.6

18.618.718.217.617.0

16.816.916.216.016.0

15.715.715.415.816.6

16.716.716.616.115 X

16.015.915.715.6!14. 81

13.813.212.912.311.9

11.811.510.911.111.510.3

43.745.0

45 741. 2|44.344.045.0

43.640.846.146.943.5

47.750.649.747.441.6

35 632.328.532.930.7

25.824.221.319.824 5

28.732.331.230.380.4

28.526.827.823.522.4

DECEMBER 31-Con.

1919 20 5 84 7 25 44

1918 19 9 79 4 26 96

1917... 17 2 67 6 24 75

1916 16 5 69 2 22 88

JUNE 30

1916. 15 3 58 2 22 39

16 0 56 0 21 14

1914 16 4 58 4 21 1)9

1913 15 4 58 5 '21 12

1912 15 1 66 5 20 IX

1911. 16 6 67 9 19 74

1910 16 7 68 9 19 X4

1909 15 4 57 5 19 26

1908. 16 5 67 5 19 62

1907. 54 5 19 681906 62 6 18 92

1906 61 7 18 14

1904 49 8 17 72

1903. _ 49 2 17 60

1902 48 6 16 92

1901 46 1 16 65

1900 44 2

1899 41 2

1898 39 11897 36 61896 39 2

1895 38 81894 43 7

1893 42 41892 42 01891 41 7

1890 41 4

622 . 61620 . 68588 29552.26

536.67476.13446.96

' 445 . 43406 . 76383.10

380.38362 57351 . 80357.36344.39

322.26307 . 76

310 54296.47281.26

270.86243 . 62226 . 46204 . 62198.81

189.69179 . 80183.97181.89181.67175.12

1.423,3901,582,7981,638.2111,409,967

1,325.0891,075,9621.125,0841,190,3971.078,5801,053,566

1,071,086953,986974,654

1,052,119982.401

861.396829,476855,442793.351760,414

735.852659,565617,810519,079

479,490457.252551,232543,365502,705487,245

regular monthly statements of Freight and FaEEenger Service Operating Statistics

based on revenue and nonrevenue ton-miles and car-miles.2 Class I and II railroads.

Series Q 95-105. Railroad Property Investment, Capital, and Capital Expenditures: 1890 to 1957

Includes intercorporate duplications. Figures subject to general exception that prior to 1908, the returns for switching and terminal companies were included where applicableCapital expenditure represents total money outlay without deductions for property retiredl

Yearending—

Road and equipment

Property investment and capital (Clae

•Railroad capital outstanding 1

a I, II, III railroads and their lessors)

Net capitalization

Stockpaying

dividendsInvestment,book value 1 1

Depreciationreserve 1

TotalCommonstock

Preferredstock

Funded debtunmatured

95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102

dbcbmbbbSI (1,000 $1,000 Mil. do(. Mil. dot. Mil. dot. Mil. dot. Mil. dof. $1,000

1967 '34,614,617 7,800,925 18,695 6,660 1,420 10,615 14,682 6,465.3521956 '33,714,159 7,542,856 19,324 7.271 1,443 10,610 16,285 6,785,113

1955 '33,034,952 7,818,951 19,309 7,696 1,355 10,258 15,171 7,300,3861964 ■32,708,945 7,176,101 19,777 7,847 1,682 10,848 15,336 6,618,5391953 •32,416,356 7.009,768 19,967 7,545 1,929 10,493 16,365 7,252,2681952 '31,822,114 6,926,771 20,072 7,614 1,987 10,571 16,487 6,734,5901951 '31,077,781 6,837,120 20,272 7,491 2,006 10,775 16,489 6,700,472

1960 •30,174,312 6,629,150 20.399 7,492 2,002 10,905 15,618 6,768,6581949 '29,519,832 6,438,177 20,427 7,619 2,012 10,896 15,609 6,924,2951948 '28,664,759 6,279,892 20.302 7,643 2,016 10,743 15,467 6,446,8171947 '27.686,103 6,037.033 20,173 7,539 2,003 10,631 15,801 5,184,1821946. '27.277,974 5,800,975 20,646 7,738 1.980 10,832 15,509 5,221,681

1946 '26,967,756 5,549,720 20,891 7,748 2,004 11,144 15,667 5,383,1581944 •26,631,664 4,382,604 21,698 7,790 2,023 11,880 16,276 5,528,2711943 '26.146.458 •8,939,562

22,149 7,842 1,986 12,371 16,755 5,466,5661942 •25,838,351 8,661,670 22,742 7,882 1,959 12,901 17,315 5,356,928

'25.668.984 3,240,145 22,952 7,832 1,980 18.140 17.568 3,861,658

1940 •25,646,014 3,095,287 23,371 8,005 2,064 13,302 17,630 3,741,1321939 '25.588,157 8,102,779 23,609 8,025 2,050 13,534 17,698 3,190,1151938 •26,595,739 3,044,972 23,855 8,040 2,049 13,766 17,988 3,139,4861937 '25,686,082 2,950,848 24,123 8,064 2,060 14,009 18,319 3,890,1771986 •26,432,388 2,809,063 24.003 7,993 2,086 13,974 18,336 3,594,789

Capital expenditures for additionsand betterments (Class I railrcads)

Roadway

Total Equipment andstructures

103 104 105

$1,000

1,394,2611,227,857

$1,000

1,007,937821,357

$1,000

386,324406,500

909,621820,246

1,269,7971,340,9121,413,995

568,202498,726857,893935.090

1,050,849

341,319321.520401,904405.822363.146

1,065,8421,312,2001,273,484

864,689661,957

779.399981,320917,449565,901319,017

286,443330.880356,035298,788242.940

562,980560,112454,282534,897643,021

314,779328,281255,981349,374367,568

248.201231.881198.301185.523175,453

429,147262,029226,937609,793298,991

271,906133,388115,408322,877159,104

167.241128,641111.529

See footnotes at end of table.


Series Q 95-105. Railroad Property Investment, Capital, and Capital Expenditures: 1890 to 1957—Con.

«31—

Property investment and capital (Class I, II, III railroads and their lessors)

Road and equipment Railroad capital outstanding '

Investmentbook value 1 1

95

Depreciationreserve 1

11,000

'25,600,466'25,681,608'25,901,962•26,086,991

'26,094,899

'26,061,000'25,466,036•24,875,954

'24,458,871'23,800,740

•23,217,209

'22,182,267•21,372,858

'20,580,001•20,829,224

19.849,32019,300,12118,984,75618,674,29817,842,777

17,689,42517,441,42017,153.78616,588,60816,004,74615,612,879

•14,557,816

13,609,18418,218,76713,030,34412,420,288

11,961,34911,511,58710,973,50510,668,32110,406,095

10,263,8139,961,8419,760,5819,709,8299,500,328

9,208.4919,078,4718,937,546

•8,690.083•8,444,856•8. 138.6654

$1,000

2,771,4042,764,7262,707,9422,632.9222.520,788

2,860,7672,169,7362,043,9761,946,7981.811,002

1,681,2911,549,9691,408,4611,335.4531,237,030

1,081,8421,009,322936,979796,395628,934

571,360611,452435,835

'327,847'259,661'210,466

Total

Mil. dol.

24,24724,67024,72324,83724,844

24,33123,98328,74723,61428,677

23 . 64423,63622 , 83922,29022,292

21,89120,95020,78521,24921,049

21,09221,128•20,247■19,796

19,75319,209

18,41717,48816,76816,08214,670

13,80613,21312,60012 , 13411,688

11,49111,03410,81910,63510,567

10,34710,1919,8959,6869,2918,984

Commonstock

Mil. dot.

7,9877,994

8,0678,0678,031

8,0097,8537,8097,6837,560

7,6027,5397,3987,8077,275

7,2157,1937,2497,4547,594

7,6037,600

'7,804•7,232

7,2497,076

6,7106,2185,9115,9336,403

6,1815,0514,8774,7224,475

4,6224,3234,2694,3674,267

4,2024,1043,9828,9793,7968,803

Preferredstock

Mil. dol.

2,0362,0442,0422,0472,049

2,0742,0662,0341,9801,925

1,9371,9351,8521,8341,801

1,8981,8981,8061,8481,455

1,4561,395

•1,376

'1,8791,3741,396

1,4031,4681,4631,4241,401

1,3731,2891,2791,3021,831

1,3231,1921,119998970

760730687654655606

Funded debtunmatured

100

Mil. dol.

14,22414.53214,62414,72814,264

14,24814,06513,90418,95114,192

14,10514 , 16213,58913 , 14913,216

12,77811,85911,73011,94712,000

12,03312,183

•11,567•11,186

11,13010,738

10,3049,8029,3948,7257,766

7,2516,8736,4446,1106,882

5,6466,6195,4315,2705,340

5,8866.3575,2266,0534,8404,675

Net capitalization

101

Mil. dol.

18,84218,65318.83118.89418,941

19,06618,68018,51118.13718,234

18.19118,20217,81017,28017,083

16,99416,56016,46416,40216,883

16,33616,308

■15,759•15,866

15,12615,044

14,37613,91412,834

~"ii^672'

11,16710,71210,2829,9269,483

9,5489,4329,2979,1689,066

8,9008,6478,3328,2958,0087,577

Stockpaying

dividends

102

tl.OOO

3,412,9683,411,5203,119,2823,298,8227.325,664

7,702.0217.506,2657,159,9896,701,4276,473.280

6,278,5326,042,2686,646,0766,321,3475,059,844

5,075,0405,298,3215,138,8616,610,7745,430,123

5,279,4286,219,8475,667,0735,780,9825,581,2895,730,250

6,412,6784,920,1744,843,3714,948,7664,526,959

4,119,0873,643,4273,450,7383,337,6462,977.675

2,668,9702,239,5031,818,1181,603,5501,659,024

1,485,6181,767,9261,809,6011,825,7051,796,3911,698,132

Capital expenditures for additionsand betterments (Class I railroads)

RoadwayandTotal Equipment

structures

103 104 105

tl.OOO tl.OOO tl.000

188,802212,712103,947167,194361,912

79,33592,00615,45436.37173,106

108,967120,70788,498130,823288,807

872 , 608853.721676,665771.552885,086

328,269821,306224,301288,701871,922

644,339632,415462,864482,851613,164

748,191874,744

1,059,149429,273557,036

338,114493,609681,724246,509319,874

410,077381,185877,425188,764237,161

1 Includes proprietary.

1 1ncrease in investment over a period of years cannot be obtained accurately bysubtraction of 1 year's investment from that of another owing to reorganization,sale, or abandonment reclassification, etc.

* Includes depreciation on "Miscellaneous physical property/' prior to 1920. Amortization of defense projects included subsequent to 1940. and, beginning in 1950,includes amortization applicable to proprietary companies.

* Figures subsequent to 1914 include actually outstanding, nominally issued, andnominally outstanding securities in order that they may be comparable with those ofprevious years in which these items were not segregated. Funded debt unmatured

does not include equipment obligations subsequent to 1942. but they are includedherein to preserve the comparability of the figures.

1 For 1921-1924. includes investment of lessor companies; and for 1925-1957.investment of lessor and proprietary companies.

• Class I and II railroads and their lessor subsidiaries.

1 Class I railroads.- Includes $170,000,000, estimated reserve for accrued depreciation to put figure

on a comparable basis with those of other years.* Represents 1893 investments less increases each year on account of change in

classification in 1893.

433


Series Q 106-116. Railroad Income and Expenses, and Interest and Dividends: 1890 to 1957

[In thousands of dollars. Includes intercorporate duplications. Unless otherwise noted, covers Class I, II, and III, railroads subject to general exception, that prior to 1908 the"or switching and terminal companies were included where applicable)returns for

Income and

operating experises

Yearending—

Operatingrevenue

TotalMaintenanceof way andstructures

Maintenanceof

Tax accruals

equipment

DECEMBER 31

106 107 108 109 110

1957 10,625,452 8,321,577 1,458,888 1,928,912 1,090,818

1956 _ 10,686,492 8,199,792 1,483,037 1,907,606 1,144,446

1955 10,229,600 7,724,496 1,412,877 1,798,579 1,100,920

1954. 9,484,015 7,460,507 1,376,478 1,704,985 877,304

1958 10,787,891 8,218,223 1,612,390 1,993,602 1,205,366

1962 10,702,877 8,134,811 1.546,613 1,965,327 1,282,144

1961. 10,611,612 8,122,521 1,505,488 1,956,438 1,223,644

I960.... 9,687,000 7,135,055 1,811,775 1,718,660 1,212,084

1949 8,680,791 6,968,296 1,309,857 1,617,800 845,089

1948 9,784,332 7,562,630 1,374,058 1,718,967 1,048,036

1947 8,784,214 6,869,806 1,234,978 1,568,124 949,273

1946 7,709,171 6,422,494 1,169,887 1,478,302 606,480

1945 8,986,954 7,115,891 1,431,221 2,167,678 835,484

1944 9,624,628 6,345,035 1,283,208 1,597,155 1,861,652

1948 9,138,419 5,714,804 1,125,873 1,449,356 1,862,940

1942 7,547,826 4,653,705 811,206 1,219,460 1,211,775

1941 5,418,972 3,709,921 615,533 1,000,376 555,970

1940 4,854,712 3,131,598 508,328 826,242 402,9631989 4,050,047 2.969,438 477,697 773,080 361,617

1988 3,616,072 2,762,681 431,021 688,529 346,2361987 4,226,325 3.165,154 508,319 834,820 331,013

1986 4,108,658 2,973,366 466,284 790,240 324,858

1986 3,499,126 2,630,177 404,105 688,678 240,760

1984 8,316,861 2,479,997 876,410 644,989 243,646

1983 3,138,186 2,285,218 331,653 605,409 253,622

1932.... 3,168,537 2,441,814 861,887 625,606 279,263

1931 4,246,385 3,273,906 544,300 825,923 308,492

1930 5,356,484 3,993,621 723,525 1,030,482 853,881

1929 _.. 6,373,004 4,579,162 877,067 1,216,046 402,698

1928 6,212,464 4,508,606 861,846 1,181,251 395,631

1927 6,245,716 4,662,521 895,063 1,234,655 383,112

1926.. _ 6,508.679 4,766,285 894,886 1,300,680 396,538

1926 6,246,884 4,633,497 844,186 1,278,227 365,790

1924 6,045,252 4,608,807 821,793 1,279,680 847,4371923 6,419,210 4.999,888 843,224 1,485,555 889,677

1922 5,674,483 4,509,991 755,030 1,269,971 308,145

1921 6,632,666 4,668,998 787,537 1,271,921 283,163

1920 6,310,151 5,954,394 1,069,436 1,613,950 279,272

1919 5.250,420 4,498,817 800,912 1,245,264 239,136

1918 4,985,290 4,071,522 673,084 1,120,611 229,533

1917 4,115,413 2,906,283 460,447 700,073 218,632

1916 3,691,065 2,426,251 439,195 609,105 161,825

JUNE 30

1916 3,472,642 2,277,202 421,501 570,326 150,015

1915 2,956,198 2,088,683 881,532 509,819 137,775

1914 3,127,780 2,280,416 •419,278 '632,189 140,470

1918 •3,193,118 •2,235,923 •421,232 •611,561 •122,005

1912 2,906,416 2,035,058 367,448 450,373 113,819

1911 2,862,855 1,976,332 366,025 428,367 102,657

1910 2,812,142 1,881,879 368,507 413.110 98,035

1909 2,473,205 1,650,034 308,450 363,913 85,140

1908 2,440,639 1,710,402 329,373 368,354 78,674

1907 2,589,106 1,748,516 343,545 368,062 78,7431906 2,325,765 1,536,877 311,721 328,655 69,064

1906 2,082,482 1,890,602 276,046 288,441 58,7121904... 1,975,174 1,338,896 261,280 267 , 185 56,8021903 1,900,847 1,257,539 266,422 240,480 53,5221902 1,726,380 1,116,249 248,382 213,381 50,0541901 1,588,526 1,030,397 231,067 190,300 46,708

1900 1.487,045 961,429 211,221 181,174 44,4461899 1,313,610 856,969 180,411 160,919 44,3971898 1,247,326 817,973 173,315 142,625 41,9291897 1,122,090 752,525 159,434 122,762 41,1191896 1,150,169 772,989 160,346 133,382 87,962

1896 1.075,371 725,720 143,976 113,789 88,1461894 1,073,362 731,414 143,669 112,895 36,5561893 1.220,752 827,921 169,258 136,876 35,0711892 1,171,407 780,998 164,189 128,712 32,7511891 1,096,761 731,888 153,672 117,048 32,0521890 1,051,878 692,094 152,719 114,039 29,806

Operamcor

tingncome

111

1,213,0571,342,254

1,404,1851,146,2031,364,3021,285,9221,165,447

1,239,861867,406

1,188,666965,136780,197

1,036,1301,317,9411,560,6751,682,3471,148,081

820,161728,992507,155730,158810,434

626,973692,034598,222446,417663,084

1,007,9071,389,9551,306,6201,198,5471,344,010

1,246,6221,086,5781,078,226854,779678,651

76,402511,546684,004988,776

1,102,171

1,044,603729,069706,844

'835,190767,540773,866

832,228738,032651,662

Net operating income

112

934,6451,083,708

1,144,847887,817

1,122,5121,091,657956,699

1,065,309693 , 957

1,014,815790,534624,868

858,8641,113,1531,370,5681,499,8641,009,592

690,554595,961376,866597,841675,600

606,415465,896477,326325,832628,204

874,1541,262,6361,182,4671,077,8421.229,020

1,186,728984,468974,918769,411601 , 139

12,101464,132646,223960,657

1,068,606

1,002,935694,276674,190

'805,266727,468744,669

805,097710,474634,794766,846719,824

633,168579,476690,056560,077511,421

481,171412,244387,424328,446339,219

311,505305,891857,760857,658332,822829,978

Net income 1

113

765,227908,416

958,849712,262939,887900,472767,934

854,951496 , 103767,949537,406334,966

602,260733,461946,160992,848557,672

243,148141,134-87,468146,351221,691

52 , 17723,28226,543

-121,630169,287

577,923977,230855,018741,924883,422

771,053623,399682,118434,459350,540

481,951496,609442,336658,225735,341

671,398354,787395,492

•546,761

463,125547,281

583,191441,063443,987488,014434,229

364,811317,808338,324314,989273,450

252,760177,225147,16785,80294,794

60,13360,174114,015120,091114,966106,270

Ratio of operatingexpensesto operatingrevenues

(percent)

114

78 3276.78

75.6178.6676.1876.0177.27

74.4280.2777.1978.2183.31

79.1766.6262.5461.6668.62

71.9173.0776.4074.8972.87

75.1774.7772.8277.0677.10

74.5671.8572.6774.6673.28

74.1776.2477.8879.4882.89

94 3685.6881.6770.6265.73

65.5870.6572.91

'70.0270.0269.28

66.9266.7270.0867.5366.08

66.7867.7966.1664.6664.86

64.6565.2465.5867.0667.20

67.4868.1467.8266.6766.7365.80

Interest and dividends 1

Dividendsdeclared

115

466.415476,083

476,207406,408446,145394,042378,674

848,811306,995835,813280,397283,171

295.294292,248263,919254,088239,438

216,522179,412136,270227,596281,733

202,568211,767158,790150,774401,463

603,150560,902610,018

'567,281473,683

409,645385,130411,882338,806466,482

881,103335,242339,186381,852866,561

342,109328,478451,653369,078400,315460,195

406,771821,072390,695308,089272,796

237,964221,941196,728185,392156,736

139,598111,01096,16387,11187,603

86,28895,615100,93097,61591,11887,072

1 Includes lessors.' Includes unusual items, amounting to $76,300,000, not representing cash.

' Class I and II railroads.1 Class I and II railroads and their lessor subsidiaries.

434


Series Q 117-123. Railroad Tax Accruals: 1921 to 1957

[In millions of dollars. Class I railroads)

U. S. Government taxes U. S. Government taxes

Total Old-ageretirement

Unemployment

insurance

Incomeand

excessprofits

Othertaxes

Total Old-ageUn

employment

insurance

IncomeAUother

Othertaxes

Year TotalAUother

Year Total retirement

andexcessprofits

117 118 119 120 121 122 123 117 118 119 120 121 122 123

1967 1.068.41,121.8

664.2728.6

258.7269.8

82.964.9

320.3892.0

2.4 404.2392.8

1938 840.8825.7319.8

75.466.791.8

47.126.147.8

6.94.68.8

18.982.080.7

8.66.15.0

265.4269.0228.0

1956 2.8 1987

19S51964

1,080.4861.3

1.185.01,261.81,208.3

700.9499.6822.4906.4855.8

262.6260.6266.8269.8264.1

21.320.021.221.622.0

414.8226.4633.1612.6567.1

2.72.61.32.42.6

879.5861.7862.6355.4847.6

1936

1935 286.9239.6249.6275.1803.5

24.719.819.811.910.2

18.914.312.7

6.86.66.6

212 2219.8230.8263.2293.8

1963 1934

1962 1933

1961 1932

19501949

1.194.6832.6

866.6517.8721.2654.0242.1

242.1233.8243.9232.2186.9

20.219.421.1121.2117.4

601.2261.6448.4

8.08.07.93.03.4

328.1814.7807.8282.4256.0

1931

1930 348.6896.7889.4876.1388.9

89.989.488.084.6

108.3

808.6307.2301.4291.6280.6

1948 1,028.6936.4498 1

1929....1947 297.6

-16.71928

1946 1927

19461944

823.61,846.01.849.21,198.8

648.01.560.41,578.6950.6323.3

119.8120.2110.085.569.1

110.8110.8101.685.669.0

806.71,804.41,335.1756.1178.8

11.925.081.824.611.4

275.6286.6270.7248.2223.9

1926

1926 358.5340.3331.9801.0275.9

86.673.477.161.987.8

272.0266.9254.8249.1288.6

1943 19241942 19281941 647.2 1922

19401939

396.4355.7

181.5118.7

68.260.8

58.228.7

69.982.8

6.26.9

214.9287.0

1921

Series Q 124. Miles of Railroad Operated by Receivers or Trustees: 1894 to 1957

[As of end of year. Class I, II, and III railroads]

Yearending-

Miles

124

Yearending-

Miles

124

Yearending-

Miles

124

Yearending—

124

Yearending-

Miles

124

Yearending—

DEC. 81

19571956

19661954196819o21961

19601949194819471946

1,0221,594

11,68511,60812,05411,94212,212

12,22312,67913,28322,75034,389

dec. 31—Con.

19451944194319421941

19401939193819371936

39,71460,49764,75866,90469,859

76,27077,01376,93870,88469,712

DEC. 31—Con.

19351934193319321931

19301929192819271926

68,34542,16841,69822,54512,970

9,4865,7035,256

16,75217,632

dec. 31—Con.

19251924192319221921

19201919191819171916

18,6878,10512,62315,25913,512

16,29016,59019,20817,37634,804

JUNE 80

191619151914191819121911

19101909190819071906

37,35380,22318,60816,2869,7864,698

6,25710,5309,6293,9268,971

JUNE 30—Con.

19061904190319021901

19001899189818971896

18951894

Series Q 125-127. Railroad Highway Grade Crossings: 1925 to 1957

[Class I railroads. Includes switching and terminal companies]

YearTotal

125

Speciallyprotected

126

Eliminatedduringyear by

separationof grades

127

YearTotal

125

Speciallyprotected

126

1967.1956.1955.1954.1953.1952.1951.

1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.

1945.1944.1943.1942.1941.

223,381224,619226,818226,622227,110227,291227,415

227,364226,791226,844226,501226,143

226,153226,357226,938227,496229,722

39,88439,32439,06088,52837,99037,24236,682

35,96835,24334,50733,78983,320

33,32133,21133,12433,07532,859

113728480539550

61

53262423

71437149182

1940.193919381937.1936

1935.1934193319321931.

193019291928192719261925

230231231232232

284234235237238

240242240236235233

.285,104400.322

231820,827035,017

,678809

158,633

32,42181,77531,44831,11980,466

80,20030,22630,62830,80931,052

30,28780,19029,21528,72427,92727,241

435


Series Q 128-137. Fuel Received, Ties and Rails Laid, and Purchases by Railroads: 1917 to 1957

[Class I line-haul railroads]

Cross-ties laid Purchases

Newrailslaid Total Treated

Total,ind.

miscellaneous

FuelForest

products

Iron andsteel

products

131 132 133 134 136 136 137

1,000long tons 1,000 1,000

Mildot.

Mildot.

Mil.del

MO.dot.

698 25,12327,323

24,49726,848

1,8161,884

460477

128156

609613788

860886

27,173

25.72833,46234.23132,457

26,49024,53132 , 14432,91030,804

1,6371.4251,9201,8182,176

454438510539621

119114176177188

510406613513704

1,163970

1,145

1,222

1,2931,3831,4641,240

33,09132,92640,47240,20640,150

31,55331,19838,28187,92087,671

1,7401,6412,1831,9091,571

609664833692553

121142166172149

510454590504416

1,6281,5831,2931,2081,210

46,62461,25949,34463,24160,077

43,65747,69544,82247,93243,872

1,5721,6111.3941,2601,161

555686527426850

137159150115104

418432340354380

1,018886606

45,32646,41042,50849,73849,117

38,69889,65484,58989,67438,206

854769683966803

274257244294272

82706710577

264236127311239

1,038931

587639408407

1,030

45,26044,13138,00740,13754,449

83,93982,36726,81880,10741,851

593600466445695

233217181178245

576442

13515110495189

6276

1,6922,0372,1472,2122,210

69,32581,96484,58686,243■80,746

64,52964,72464,33162,963

1 55,658

1,0391,3301,2711,8961,659

307364385489473

185158161176186

305407375407507

1,9501,7911,7301,3901,464

82,71783,07384,43586,64286,522

60,09044,49041,65640,63036,072

1,3921,3431,739

459472618

170181

419366465

1,4122,3351,8832,047

86,82980,90376,13979,070

87,792

233

Year

1957.1956.

1955.1964.1953.1952.1951.

1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.

1945.1944.1948.1942.1941.

1940.1939.1938.1937.1936.

1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.

1930.1929.1928.1927.1926.

1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.

1920.1919.1918.1917.

Fuel received

Bituminouscoal

128

1,000short tons

8,16012,280

16,18815,96428,00537,82964,226

63,90664,67198,826109,884108,148

128,007135,579129,738120,910104,100

88,59581,81374,78491,71891,707

81,28679,49475,48774,67091,136

108,661124 , 152119,820180,606189,602

131,452126,340157,900120,664127,630

Fueloil

Mil.gal.

279443

613656

1,1531,6682,335

2,6192,6383.7594,0524,144

4,7064,7444,8024,1353,368

2,7522,5732,4262,8752,669

2,2822,1081,9431,9842,380

2,8703,2082,8472,9213,178

3,1143,0953,017

Dieseloil

130

Milgal

3,6333,639

3,4533,1603,0672,7592,323

1,9231,4861,170

785544

441316219174

114

7144

1 Figures for this and earlier years less inclusive than for later years.

Series Q 138-140. Pullman Company Operations: 1915 to 1957

Year

Averagemiles of roadover whichoperationsconducted

138

Revenuepassenger-

miles 1(millions)

139

Employees

140

Year

Averagemiles of roadover whichoperationsconducted

138

Revenuepassenger-

miles(millions)

139

19571956

19551954195319521961

19501949194819471946

19451944194319421941

19401939193819371936

85,068

87,472

89,12491,92094 , 51896,39099,592

102,722104,287104,940105.950100,653

95,765103,766104,128106,408108,034

109,595109,886110,728111,507111,622

5,3886,630

6,8827,2718,2009,3369,893

10,55810,54412,17213,51620,672

27,27628,26725,89119,07210,070

8,2148,4858,2709,1708,355

14,89016,793

18,06119,86621,62922 , 58823,862

22,82022,28623,72429,04636,982

41,601

89,70833 , 18226,69122,704

20,87721,33520,75023,40621,711

1935.1934.1933.1932-1931.

1930-1929.1928.1927.1926.

1926.1924.1923-1922.1921-

1920.1919-1918.1917.1916.1915.

112,117112,420112,298118,061125,703

129,578130,019128,753123,334126,907

126,840124,795124,794123,547

7,1466,8916,1426,7579,891

12,61614,05913,93814,09914,409

14,01613,08212,98211,75911,295

14,33413,72010,67911,0729,2858,926

1 1939-1957 includes Pullman operations on Canadian and Mexican railroads; excludes that of chartered car i

436


Series Q 141-152. Railroad Employment and Wages, and Accidents and Fatalities: 1890 to 1957

[Statistics on accidents and fatalities not strictly comparable because of changing definition of a reportable accident]

Year ending—

Employees 1

Number I

141 142

Railroad accidents and fatalities (all steam railroads)

Total

143

Injured

144 145

Injured

146

Employees 1

147

Injured

148

Other personB 3

Killed

149

Injured

150

Trespassers <

Killed

151

9991.058

1,0711.0781,2211,2421,292

237209345371378

1,4391,4341,3751,2911,169

1,0461.007958

1,1871,086

1,0141,027991

1,0621,283

1,6171,6941,6921,7761,822

1,7861,7951,9021,6701,705

2,0761,9601.8921,7861,701

1,6541.5481,710

•1.816

1,7161.670

1,6991.5031.4361,6721,621

1,3821,2961,3131,1891,071

1,018929875823827

785780874821784

749

$1,000

6,422,0805,387,631

5,045,2784,906,6845,380,8285,382,4895,328,072

4,644.8904,468,5454,820.7474,399,2964,218,680

3,900,9288,897,7663,556,1892,966,0622,860,369

1,990,6311,889,1301,771,0882,013,6771,873,819

1,666,2291,541,3131,424,3921,535,0662,124,784

2,588,6982,940,2062,874,4292,963,0348,001,804

2,916,1932,882,6583,062,0262,693,2922,823,970

3,764,2812,897,7692,665,0131,782,9651,506,961

1,403,9681,277,6631,381,117

•1,373,831

1,252,3481,208,466

1,148,725988,324

1,035,4381,072,386900,802

839,946817,599767.321676,029610,714

677,266622,968495,056465,6021

468,826

446,508

2,3932,678

2,8492,5753,0398,0113,459

3.4863,4263,8834,2854,608

4,8124,9086,0516,3376,191

4,7404,4924,6496,5026,550

6,2585,0206,1804,9055,271

6,6666,6906,6806,9927,090

6,7666,6177,3866,3256,996

6,9586,9789,28610,08710,001

9,3648,62110,30210,96410,58610,896

9,6828,72210,18811,83910,618

9,70310,0469,8408,5888,455

7,8657,1236,8596,4376,448

6,1866,4477,3467,1477,029

18,68828,676

27,84626,64729,21430,00184,464

33,26732,12348,10748,81952,026

61,51661,25160,34848,12337,829

29,60628,14427,27536,71384,723

28,10828,64127,61629,23286,671

49,44377,01386,205

104,817180,235

137,485143,739171,712134,871120,686

168,809149,053174,576194,805196,722

180,375162,040192,662200,308169,538150,159

119,60795,626104,230111,01697,706

86,00884,15576,65364,66263,339

60,32044,62040,88236,73138,687

88,74831,88940,39336,65233,881

1567

24304924ISO

180375979

188

16626727812248

8840813441

8038612746

61114•188

161

176153143203205

229273471301246

239199232350283299

324253381610369

687441355345282

849239221222181

170324299376

1,5662,756

2,2632,2472,5032,0498,184

3,4192,5458,6074,2464,714

4,8404,8545,1663,5013,009

2,5972,5802,3452,5942.648

1,9491,9452,0671,9122,104

2,6668,8463,4683,893

4,461

6,6436,0236,4636,7126.684

7,5917,4567,3167,5827,162

7,48810,91413,88716.13014,93812,042

12,46110,31111,55613,04110,764

10,4579,1118,2316,6834,988

4,1283,4422,9452,7952,873

2,3763,0343,2293,2272,972

195288

282235343386432

392450622791738

9721,0871,0721,006

807

683636513712720

600656633679

677

9771,4281,3291,6701,672

1,6991.6432,026

1, ~~1,

657446

2,5782,1383,4198,1992,941

2,6872,1623,2593,7163,6363,602

8,3822,6103,4054,5343,929

3,3613,6323,6062,9692,676

2,5502,2101.9681,6931,861

1,8111,8232,7272,5642,660

12,24619.608

19,01117,21920,17021,33924,266

22,58622,99331,96136,88039,472

48,68248,61346,97136,03225,866

18,35017,38316,56924,11422,409

16,74217,33815,93217,74223,368

86,87260,73970,87388,223

111,903

119,224125,319152,678117,197104,530

149,414131,018156,013174,247176,923

160,663138,092166,212171,417142,442126,039

95,67175,00682,48787,64476,701

66,83367,06760,48160,52441,142

39,64334,92331,76127,66729,969

25,69623,42231,72928,26726,140

1,4412,233

2,4562,8102,6472,6012,877

2,9142,9393,2023,4153,642

3,6843,5543,7014,2104,336

4,0743,9164,0554,7564,789

4,6284,4264,6964,2994,648

4,6276,1486,2606,3345,266

4,9964,9256,2214,4684,345

4,1514,6676,3966.5876,814

6,4386,2706,8116,8996,6676,495

6,9766.8596,4026.6966,330

6,8066,9736,8796,2746,498

6,0664,6744,6804,5224,406

4,1554,3004,3204,2174.076

4,259

6,812

6,6766,0816,5416,6137,004

7,2626,5857,5397,6937,840

8,0437,7848,2118,5908,964

8,6598,1818,36110,0059.766

9,4179,3689,5179,57810,209

10,90512,42811,86412,70113,871

13,26913,06613 , 18711,52110,571

11,30410,57911,24612,97612,647

12,22413,03413,56313,76112,15812,078

11,38510,30910,18710,83110,241

8,7187,9777,8417,4567,209

6,6496,2556,1766,2695,846

6,6775,4336,4356,1584,769

742

818

867870

1,0441,0431,142

215287445480635

1,5921,6501,7552,0132,195

2,0952,3522,3602.6542,801

2,7862,6972,8922,5772,489

2,4092,4242,4872,7262,661

2.5842,6562,7792,430

< See headnote for aeries Q 106-116.I on trains and travelers not on trains.

1 Casualties sustained in nontrain accidents included with "Other persons." Non-train aceidnU are those not caused directly by operation or movement of trains,locomotives, or cars, but attributable to shop machinery or use of tools and apparatusthat result in reportable casualties.

• Prior to 1921 casualties sustained by employees not on duty in nontrain acci

dents included with "Other persons."• Trespassers included with "Other persons" prior to 1922.• Class I and II railroads.

488910 O - M - 29 437

chapter Q

WATER TRANSPORTATION (Series Q 153-245)


Basic governmental sources of historical merchant-marine

and water-traffic statistics include American State Papers:

Class IV, Commerce and Navigation, vols. 1 and 2, for 1789-

1823 ; the various annual issues of Foreign Commerce and Navi

gation of the United States, for 1821-1946, originally issued by

the Register of the Treasury and then by the Treasury De

partment, later by the Department of Commerce and Labor,

and finally by the Department of Commerce; the Annual Re

port of the Commissioner of Navigation, 1884-1923, the issu

ance of which followed a similar succession beginning with the

Treasury Department; annual issues of Merchant Marine Sta

tistics, 1924-1957, originally prepared by the Department of

Commerce as successor to the statistical section of the Annual

Report of the Commissioner of Navigation, and now issued

annually by the Bureau of Customs; and the various annual

issues of the Annual Report of the Office of the Chief of

Engineers, Corps of Engineers. The Statistical Abstract of

the United States, a secondary source, also contains historical

merchant-marine and water-traffic statistics. The Statistical

Abstract has been issued by the following agencies: 1878-1902,

Bureau of Statistics (Treasury Department) ; 1903-1911, Bu

reau of Statistics (Department of Commerce and Labor) ; 1912,

Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce (Department of

Commerce and Labor) ; 1913-1937, Bureau of Foreign and Do

mestic Commerce (Department of Commerce) ; 1938-1957, Bu

reau of the Census (Department of Commerce) .

Congressional documents also contain historical series on the

merchant marine, foreign commerce, and related fields. For

1789-1882, a particularly valuable collection of documents was

found in the library of the Department of Commerce, bound

together under the title Decadence of American Shipping and

Compulsory Pilotage. The documents included are as follows:

Foreign Commerce and Decadence of American Shipping,

H. R. Ex. Doc. No. Ill, 41st Congress, 2d session; Causes of

the Reduction of American Tonnage and the Decline of Navi

gation Interest . . ., H. R. Report No. 28, 41st Congress, 2d

session; Foreign Commerce and the Practical Workings of

Maritime Reciprocity, H. R. Ex. Doc. No. 76, 41st Congress,

3d session; Causes of the Decadence of Our Merchant Marine;

Means for Its Restoration and the Extension of Our Foreign

Commerce, H. R. Report No. 342, 46th Congress, 3d session;

American Shipping, H. R. Report No. 1827, 47th Congress, 2d

session; American Merchant Marine, H. R. Report No. 363,

48th Congress, 1st session; Ship-Building and Ship-Owning

Interests, H. R. Report No. 750, 48th Congress, 1st session;

and reports of lesser interest, H. R. Misc. Doc. No. 37 and

Report No. 1848, both of the 48th Congress, 1st session.

Since 1921, publications of the Maritime Commission and its

predecessor agencies also should be consulted, particularly the

reports entitled, Ocean-Going Merchant Fleets of Principal

Maritime Nations, Iron and Steel, Steam and Motor, Vessels

of 2,000 Gross Tons and Over, issued quarterly or semi

annually, 1921-1941, and Employment of American Flag

Steam and Motor Merchant Vessels of 1,000 Gross Tons and

Over, issued quarterly, 1923-1941. Finally, the Bureau of the

Census (and its predecessor Census Office) has published the

results of five censuses of water tranportation, as follows:

1880, 1889, 1906, 1916, and 1926 (see general note for series

Q 153-190, below).


Statistics on documented merchant vessels and shipbuilding;

are from Merchant Marine Statistics, various annual issues,

supplemented by records of the Bureau of Customs. Many

are from the 1936 issue. Some of the estimates from the

1936 report have been modified, however, as explained below

in table II. The text statements, and the correction of errors

found in the published tables are based on reference to the

primary sources, as follows: For 1789-1823, see American

State Papers: Class IV, Commerce and Navigation, vols. 1 and

2 (published in 1834) ; for 1821-1892, see annual issues of

Commerce and Navigation of the United States; for 1884-1923,

see issues of Annual Report of the Commissioner of Naviga

tion; for 1924-1945, see annual issues of Merchant Marine

Statistics.

Of the Maritime Commission reports cited in the general note

for series Q 153-245, above, the first, Ocean-Going Merchant

Fleets . . ., provides data for each leading maritime nation

on ocean-going merchant vessels of 2,000 gross tons and over,

showing number and tonnage of such fleets classified by age,

speed, size, boilers, engines, draft, etc., by major vessel type.

The second, Employment of American Flag Steam and Motor

Merchant Vessels . . ., shows for seagoing merchant vessels

of 1,000 gross tons and over the number and tonnage of such

vessels employed in U.S. foreign and domestic trade, arranged

by major vessel type, ownership (government and private),

and area of operation.

Census statistics on water transportation are not presented

here. For reports of these censuses, see Tenth Census Re

ports, vol. IV, Report on Agencies of Transportation, 1880;

Eleventh Census Reports, Report on Transportation Business,

part 1, "Transportation by Water"; Transportation by Water,

1906; Water Transportation, 1916; and Water Transportation,

1926.

The first census, for 1880, was limited to steam vessels.

The report of this census includes a detailed history of steam

navigation in the United States with separate discussion and

single-year construction statistics by geographic region, from

the beginning to 1880. (See T. C. Purdy, "Report on Steam

Navigation in the United States," Tenth Census Reports, 1880,

vol. IV.) The report of the shipbuilding census, also taken

the same year, includes a detailed technical history of ship

building in all aspects, with particular reference to sailing

craft. Single-year figures are shown for New England ship

building, 1674-1714, classified by type of vessel and place where

built. (See Henry Hall, "Report on the Ship-Building Industry

of the United States," Tenth Census Reports, 1880, vol. VIII.)

The Censuses of 1889 and 1906 included all classes of ves

sels. However, the 1889 Census included fishing vessels for

the Pacific Division only and the 1906 Census excluded fishing

vessels. The Censuses of 1916 and 1926 provided data for all

U.S., documented and undocumented, vessels and craft of 5

tons net register and qver, whether propelled by machinery or

sails, or unrigged, except that certain specified types of vessels

were excluded. (See Bureau of the Census, Water Transpor

tation, 1926, p. 5.) While the Census reports of 1850 and 1860

contain some statistics relating to water transportation, these

statistics apparently were collected by other agencies.

438

WATER TRANSPORTATIONQ 153-190

Data shown here are for documented merchant vessels only,

exclusive of yachts. The following definitions are those cur

rently applicable:

Documented vessels include all vessels granted registers,

enrollments and licenses, or licenses, as "vessels of the United

States," and as such have certain benefits and privileges.

Vessels of 5 net tons and over owned by citizens of the United

States and otherwise complying with the requirements for docu

mentation may be documented to engage in the foreign or

coasting trades or the fisheries.

Registers are ordinarily issued to vessels engaged in the

foreign trade or the whale fisheries. Historically, this group

has included the major portion of the whaling fleet.

Enrollments and licenses are issued to vessels of 20 net tons

and over engaged in the coasting trade or fisheries.

Licenses may be issued to vessels of less than 20 net tons

engaged in the coasting trade or fisheries.

Undocumented craft are those not registered, enrolled, or

licensed. Barges, scows, lighters, and canal boats, without any

propelling power of their own, operated exclusively in a harbor,

on the canals or other internal waters of a State, or on the

rivers or lakes of the United States, not in any case carrying

passengers, and vessels under B net tons are exempt from

the requirements of the laws governing documentation.

Gross tonnage refers to space measurement, 100 cubic feet

equalling 1 ton; it is not a measure of weight. Gross tonnage

is the capacity of the entire space within the frames and the

ceiling of the hull, together with those closed-in spaces above

deck available for cargo, stores, passengers, or crew, with

certain minor exemptions. Before 1865, 95 cubic feet equalled

1 ton, and the admeasurement method differed in other respects.

Changes in maritime law: Admeasurement method. "Ad

measurement" refers to the method of calculating gross ton

nage of ships or vessels. The first law of the United States

on the subject appears to have been enacted September 1,

1789 (1 Stat. 55). The enactment then made was reenacted

with certain minor amendments in the Acts of August 4, 1790

(1 Stat. 169), and of March 2, 1799 (1 Stat. 675), and as so

enacted was in force until January 1, 1865.

A basic change in admeasurement method was provided in

the act of May 6, 1864, effective January 1, 1865 (13 Stat.

70-72, R. S. 4153, 46 U. S. C. 77). The method described in

the act of May 6, 1864, appears to have been substantially

the same as that in force in 1945.

For the transition period, 1865-1868, the total tonnage fig

ures for the fleet are "mixed." During those years, the

total fleet tonnage was obtained by combining the "old admeas

urement" tonnage of vessels not yet readmeasured and the

"new admeasurement" tonnage of vessels which had been re

admeasured or newly built. For a recapitulation of the "old"

and "new" components of the fleet tonnage (not the same

vessels) for each year, 1865-1868, see Commerce and Naviga

tion, 1870, p. 798.

No table has been located comparing the tonnage of a sub

stantial number of vessels under "new" and "old" admeas

urement; hence, neither the magnitude nor the direction of the

change can be stated here. Apparently it varied for different

types of vessels. "Brigs, schooners, and sloops measure less

under the 'new' admeasurement . . . while ships, barks, steam

boats, and vessels having closed-in spaces above their hulls

have their tonnage largely increased." Further, the difference

between "old" and "new" was not believed to affect a compari

son of New England shipbuilding for the years 1855 and

1868. (See Treasury Annual Report, 1868, p. 496.)

Another type of change in maritime law affecting the sta

tistics is illustrated by the act of April 18, 1874 (18 Stat. 31),

which exempted the greater amount of canalboat and other

unrigged tonnage from documentation. (See U.S. Code, title

46, sec. 336.) For 1874-1876, the "balance sheets of tonnage,"

published annually in the source volumes, record the removal

of 879,000 tons of vessels for this reason alone. However,

Merchant Marine Statistics, 1936, lists 843,000 tons exempted

in 1876, whereas the 1876 balance sheet of tonnage specified

601,000 tons exempted. The reason for this discrepancy is

not clear. The tonnage exempted annually, 1874-1936, is

shown on pp. 54-55 of Merchant Marine Statistics, 1936.

At irregular intervals, steps were taken to remove from the

tonnage accounts those vessels lost, abandoned, captured, sold

to aliens, etc., which had not been officially reported for re

moval purposes. From the outset, the failure to remove such

vessels annually resulted in a cumulative error which inflated

the statistics of tonnage. When general clearances of this

cumulative error were made, the effect was concentrated in a

single year or a small group of years.

For a basic statement on this subject, see American State

Papers, cited above, vol. 1, p. 494, where Albert Gallatin, Sec

retary of the Treasury, outlines the problem and discusses

the first attempt (1800) to deal with it. Recurrently, in the

annual tonnage reports found in the source volumes, the prob

lem is discussed, the announcement is made that the rolls have

been finally cleared, and assurance is given that the problem

has been solved for the future. However, as late as 1867, in

spite of repeated clearances in earlier years, the "First Annual

Report of the Director of the Bureau of Statistics" stated,

"The tonnage returns were swelled with thousands of ghostly

ships—ships that had gone to the bottom years ago." (See

Annual Report of the Secretary of Treasury, 1867, p. 244.)

In 1869, the Register of the Treasury attributed the entire

decline of tonnage reported for 1869 to this factor. (See

Treasury Report, 1869, p. 300.) In the same year, Francis A.

Walker, Deputy Special Commissioner of Revenue in Charge

of the Bureau of Statistics, stated that the process of assign

ing a number to each vessel and the institution of an annual

list of vessels, as required by the Act of July 28, 1866, "has

succeeded in clearing from the lists of vessels ... a vast amount

of purely fictitious tonnage, which have been carried forward

from year to year [although] thousands of vessels which

this tonnage originally represented had been meanwhile lost at

sea, broken up, or sold abroad." (See Treasury Report, 1869,

p. 342.)

In the "balance sheets of tonnage" published annually in the

source volumes, clearances of cumulative error are generally

identified as "not heretofore credited" to distinguish them

from listings of removals of the various types routinely re

ported as having occurred during the given year.

Some of the more important clearances of this cumulative

error, and the tons of shipping thereby removed, were: 1800-

1901, 197,000; 1811, amount not stated but the effect is evident

in series Q 154; 1818, 182,000; 1829-1830, 604,000; 1837, 96,000;

1841-1842, 267,000 ; and 1855-1858, 945,000.

In later years, the terms "obsolete," "obsolete, not hereto

fore reported," and "correction of balance" found in annual

balance sheets of tonnage, frequently reflect removal of cumu

lative errors. Examples are (in tons): 1864, 188,000; 1866,

1,063,000; 1867, 260,000; 1868, 128,000; 1869, 338,000; 1870,

58,000; 1871, 103,000; 1881, 157,000.

Other factors which require that early merchant-vessel sta

tistics should be used with some caution are the following:

(1) In some instances, systematic differences in identically

described statistical series appear in the source volumes (see

439


text for series Q 178-182) which reflect conflicting series of

figures, possibly originating from different primary sources of

data (see table II below) ; (2) transcription and typographical

errors have crept into historical tables in the source volumes

in the process of repeated recopying and retypesetting; (3)

statistically significant footnotes which appeared in early re

ports frequently were dropped in later years; and (4) caution

is suggested in referring back to the earlier volumes in the

search for explanations of discrepancies or major changes, since

the earlier data may reflect the same or similar errors.

In this volume (see table II below), a number of the copying

and typesetting errors have been corrected where the exact

nature of the discrepancy could be determined beyond reason

able doubt; several broad differences in figures have been

pointed out; and a few detailed tabular notes have been added

based on information in various annual issues selected largely

at random.

Table II. Merchant Marine Tonnage—Changes in Figures From

Those Shown in Source

["Source" is Merchant Marine Statistics, 1936]

Series No.

Q 158.

Q 164.

Q 156.

Q 161.

Q 162.

Q 163.

Q 165.

Q 166.

q 167.

q 168.

q 169.

q 170.

q m.

q 173.

q 174.

q 180.

q i8i.

q 182.

q 183

q 184.

q 185

q m

YearIn sourcevolume

In thisvolume

1868 > 28, 118 128,167

1886186818171815

'4,131,1164,318,309

•4,131,136

4,351,7584 1,339,912

1,368,182

• 1,399,912

1,368,128

192819131851

14,843,6795,335,541

582,607

14,346,6795,333,247

583,607

1868186318241817

2,476,0674,357,5371,867,4531,330,986

2,508,5164,679,5871,367,5531,390,986

19211913

1,232,7281,043,347

1,242,7281,045,641

1928 14,064,199 14,064,119

1858 2,801,408 2,801,148

1818 689,944 589,954

19271856

9,432,8692,447,663

9,532,8692,247,663

1883 101,666 101,636

1879187818411881

79,85686,44777,783170,189

79,88586,64777,878

107,189

19361868

12,611,7778,141,540

12,511,5238,174,935

187618781868

1,447,8441,061,9911,012,749

1,147,8441,056,0191,046,198

18731868

2,242,8901,962,279

2,242,8621,962,225

19321887

1,866,568683,721

1,856,553788,721

1868 481,271 481,218

1893 184,308 134,368

1894 87,824 87,827

19011895

83,7436,978

83,7836,948

189518941885

87,12790,09912,010

67,12780,099121,010

19171881

52,53654,888

62,52654,488

1881 59,801 69,861

191419101892

64,523184,23960,710

64,550174,28960,770

Q 153-168. Documented merchant vessels, by major classes,

material of which built, and trade, 1789-1957.

Source: Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, Mer

chant Marine Statistics, 1936, and Bureau of Customs, records.

(Series Q 163-164, 1884, Treasury Department, Annual Report

of Commission of Navigation, 1884, p. 161.)

See also general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.

For 1789-1793, tonnage figures are the "duty tonnage," i.e.,

the tonnage of vessels on which duties were collected during

the year. (See American State Papers, cited above in general

note for series Q 153-190, vol. 1, p. 895.) The "duty tonnage"

appears to have been the tonnage on which duties were col

lected on registered vessels, including "the repeated voyages

of the same vessel," plus tonnage of the enrolled and licensed

vessels which paid tonnage duties once each year. (See Ameri

can State Papers, cited above, vol. 1, pp. 494, 498, 528.)

Beginning in 1794, "district tonnage returns" were used, de

rived from reports of District Collectors of Customs, which

gave the tonnage of vessels in each district based on registers,

enrollments, and licenses outstanding, as of December 31.

For 1794-1801, figures are district tonnage returns, with no

attempt to correct for the cumulative error caused by failure

to remove vessels lost, abandoned, sold to aliens, etc. (See

American State Papers, vol. 1, pp. 494, 499.) The figures for

1800-1801 ignore the first clearing of tonnage accounts which

took place during these years. (See American State Papers,

vol. 1, pp. 494-499, 527-531.) The correction for the cumula

tive error for registered vessels only would reduce the 1800

total to 819,571 tons and the 1801 total to 903,235 tons. The

sharp drop attributable to the clearing of tonnage accounts

would thereby be shifted back to 1800 instead of appearing in

1802.

For 1802-1818, the figures in series Q 154 consist of the

"corrected registered" tonnage plus the uncorrected enrolled

or licensed tonnage (see 1813 tonnage report in American State

Papers, cited above, vol. 1, p. 1017). The figures for 1811 and

1818 reflect two additional attempts to clear out the cumula

tive error of registered vessels improperly retained on the

registers. (See American State Papers, vol. 1, pp. 876, 958,

and vol. 2, p. 406.)

The figures shown below in table III are those which were

derived by a method authorized by Secretary of the Treasury

Gallatin. They were reported to Congress in the annual ton

nage reports in American State Papers as being the "actual"

or "more nearly correct" tonnage.

Table III. "Actual Tonnage" of Documented Vessels:

1800 to 1818

[In thousands of gross tons]

Year

181818171816.

18161814181318121811

18101809

Tons

1,1501,3411,264

1.2621,0291,0321,1271,131

1,3291,266

Year

1808.18071806

18051804180318021801

1800

Tons

1,1731,2081,166

1,085983917865850

768

1 Number of vessels. ' As shown in table 10, p. 16, of a' Aa shown in table 16, p. 80, of source. * As shown in table 10, p. 14, of s* As shown in table 16, p. 28, of source.

These were obtained by taking the "corrected registered ton

nage" and adding to it the "duty tonnage" for enrolled and

licensed vessels. Since duties were paid only once each year

on enrolled and licensed vessels, and owners were not likely

to pay duties on nonexistent vessels, it was reasoned that the

lower "duty tonnage" figure more accurately reflected the true

total for the enrolled or licensed craft than did the district

440

WATER TRANSPORTATION Q 163-203

returns of tonnage based on outstanding marine documents.

This correction for enrolled and licensed craft was dropped

after 1818, probably because, beginning 1819, the "duty ton

nage" for this group exceeded the district tonnage returns

for the group.

In American State Papers, vol. 1, p. 499, the tonnage de

scribed as "actual tonnage" in the comparative table for 1794-

1799 is, in fact, the district returns of tonnage without

correction of any kind. Elsewhere in the tonnage report for

1800 (pp. 494-499), and in tonnage reports for later years, the

term "actual tonnage" normally means the district returns

based on outstanding marine documents (registers, enrollments,

and licenses) corrected for cumulative error. In table III, the

term "actual tonnage" is used in the latter sense; the figures

are from annual tonnage reports, 1800-1818, in American State

Papers, vols. 1 and 2.

Q 163-164, vessels, by material of which built. The source

publication also classifies tonnage of each material by type

of propulsion (steam, motor, sail, canalboat, and barge).

Q 165-168, vessels, by trade in which engaged. The source

publication also presents the number of vessels engaged in

each type of trade as well as tonnage. The statutes do not

recognize for documenting purposes any fisheries except the

cod, mackerel, and whale. Vessels engaged in catching any

other fish, such as salmon or menhaden, are documented for

the mackerel fishery.

Figures in early reports identified as "registered," or as

"registered in foreign trade," commonly include the registered

vessels engaged in the whale fishery. Accordingly, figures on

"whale fishery" found in early reports should be examined

carefully to determine whether they represent the entire whal

ing fleet or only the "enrolled or licensed" portion. The term

"fisheries" as used in early volumes refers to cod, and later,

to cod and mackerel fisheries. It rarely includes the whale

fishery.

In terms of documentation as "registered," "enrolled," "li

censed," series Q 165-168 are composed broadly as follows:

Series Q 165 (foreign trade) represents the total "regis

tered" minus "registered whale fishery." The "registered"

whaling tonnage, is, however, included for 1794-1798.

Series Q 166 (coastwise and internal) represents the portion

of the enrolled or licensed group engaged in this trade. The

rest of the enrolled or licensed group is in series Q 168 (cod

and mackerel fisheries).

Series Q 167 (whale fishery) is the "registered whale fish

ery" portion of the registered fleet plus the "whale fishery"

portion of the enrolled or licensed fleet. For 1794-1798, how

ever, the registered whaling tonnage is not included here, but

in series Q 165.

Series Q 168 (cod and mackerel fishery) is the cod and

mackerel fishery portion of the enrolled or licensed fleet. The

rest of the enrolled or licensed group is in series Q 166

(coastwise and internal).

Q 169-174. Documented merchant vessels, by geographic re

gion, 1816-1957.

Source : See source for series Q 153-168.


Q 175-177. Documented merchant vessels, by type of service,

1934-1957.


Series Q 177 includes cable, cod, dredging, elevator, ferry,

flreboat, fishing, ice breaker, lightering, oil exploitation, oyster-

ing, passenger, pile driving, pilot boat, police boat, patrol boat,

refrigerator, towing, waterboat, whaling, welding, wrecking,

and miscellaneous. The source presents details for each of

these in recent years.


Q 178-182. Merchant vessels built and documented, by type,

1797-1957.


The source publication also presents statistics separately for

steam, motor, and sailing vessels, canalboats, and barges.

Statistics for motor vessels begin in 1893.

For 1938-1957, figures are not comparable with those for

earlier years and are probably understated. They represent

those vessels built during the 12-month period which were still

existent and documented as part of the merchant fleet at the

end of the period. Hence, they exclude vessels completed dur

ing the period which were lost, sold to U.S. Government, sold

to aliens, or otherwise removed from merchant vessel docu

mentation before the end of the period.


Q 183-187. Merchant vessels built and documented, by region,

1817-1936.

Source: Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, Mer

chant Marine Statistics, 19S6, pp. 46-48, and table 2.

See general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.

Q 188-190. Merchant vessels built and documented, by region,

1817-1850.

Source: Fold-in table on the history of shipbuilding (1817-

1868) at back of the Annual Report of the Secretary of the

Treasury, 1868.

Source also presents figures separately, for "The United

States," "The Lakes," and "Western Rivers." For a discus

sion of these data see the Annual Report. The source table,

with a more detailed discussion appears as Plate XXII in H. R.,

Ex. Doc. No. Ill, 41st Congress, 2d Session, where the period

covered is extended to 1869, and as Plate X (extended to

1870) in H.R. Ex. Doc. No. 76, 41st Congress, 3d Session.

These three series do not add to series Q 179.


Q 191. Persons entering the United States by ship, 1933-1957.

Source: Treasury Department, Annual Report of the Secre

tary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances, various

issues.

Data include persons entering by documented vessels, ex

cluding ferryboats.


Net tonnage capacity, as used here, refers to net or regis

tered tonnage of the vessel, not weight of cargo. The net

tonnage is what remains after deducting from the gross ton

nage (defined in general note for series Q 153-190) the spaces

occupied by the propelling machinery, fuel, crew quarters,

master's cabin, and navigation spaces. It represents, sub

stantially, space available for cargo and passengers. It is the

usual basis for tonnage taxes and port charges. The net ton

nage capacity of a ship recorded as "entered with cargo" may

bear little relation to actual weight of cargo. Gross tonnage

and net tonnage are both measures of cubic capacity, not of

weight, 100 cubic feet equalling 1 ton. These terms should

not be confused with the cargo ton of 2,000 pounds. Tonnage

figures shown in series Q 193 and Q 199 for U.S. vessels

entered and cleared, respectively, in foreign trade are greater

than the total tonnage of U.S. vessels documented for the

foreign trade because the "entered" and "cleared" series in

clude tonnage for each vessel as often as it "enters" or "clears"

441


each year. The documented tonnage (series Q 154) includes

the tonnage of each vessel once for each year.

These figures include the tonnage of all types of watercraft

engaged in the foreign trade, whether entering or clearing with

cargo or in ballast, which are required to make formal entrance

and clearance under U.S. customs regulations. Vessels en

gaged in trade on the Great Lakes with Canada as well as in

trade with Mexico are also included. Vessels touching at a

U. S. port in distress or for other temporary causes without

discharging cargo, and Army and Navy vessels carrying no

commercial cargo, are not required by customs regulations to

enter or clear and thus are not included in the figures.

Vessels are reported as entered at the first port in the

United States at which entry is made, regardless of whether

any cargo is unladen at that port; arrivals at subsequent ports

are not counted. Vessels are reported as cleared from the last

port in the United States where loading of outward cargo is

completed or where the vessel cleared in ballast; departures

from prior ports are not counted.

Q 192-194. Vessels entered, all ports, 1789-1957.

Source: 1789-1820, Fred J. Guetter and Albert E. McKinley,

Statistical Tables Relating to the Economic Growth of the

United States, McKinley Publishing Co., Philadelphia, 1924, p.

39; 1821-1879, Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation,

Merchant Marine Statistics, 1938, p. 93; 1880-1888, Statistical

Abstract of the United States, 1908, p. 286; 1889-1916,

Statistical Abstract, 1916, p. 338; 1917-1930, Statistical Ab

stract, 1931, p. 474; 1931-1944, Statistical Abstract, 191,7, p.

558 (see general note for series Q 153-245 for the various

agencies which have issued the Statistical Abstract) ; 1945-

1946, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States,

19U7; 1947-1957, Bureau of the Census, Vessel Entrances and

Clearances, Summary Report FT 975, various issues, and rec

ords.

Q 195. Total vessels entered at seaports, 1840-1957.

Source: 1840, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1946,

p. 546; 1844-1855, Statistical Abstract, 1878, p. 134; 1856-

1879, Statistical Abstract, 1880, p. 138; 1880-1957, see source

for series Q 192-194.

Q 196-197. U.S. and foreign vessels entered at seaports,

1856-1957.

Source: 1856-1879, see source for series Q 195; 1880-1957,

see source for series Q 192-194.

Q 198-200. Vessels cleared, all ports, 1821-1957.

Source: See sources cited for specific periods (except 1789-

1820) for series Q 192-194; the following page numbers apply

respectively to the sources cited: 93, 287, 475, 558, and 592.

Q 201. Total vessels cleared at seaports, 1840-1957.

Source: 1840 and 1850, Statistical Abstract of the United

States, 1946, p. 546; 1863-1879, Statistical Abstract, 1881, p.

138; 1880-1957, see source for series Q 192-194.

Q 202-203. U.S. and foreign vessels cleared at seaports,

1857-1957.

Source: 1857-1879, Statistical Abstract of the United States,

1881, p. 136; 1880-1957, see source for series Q 192-194.

Q 204-209. Value of waterborne imports and exports (includ

ing reexports) of merchandise, 1790-1946.

Source: 1790-1820, see source for series Q 192-194; 1821-

1858, Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, Merchant

Marine Statistics, 1936, p. 91; 1859-1866, Statistical Abstract

of the United States, 1895, pp. 399-400; 1867-1912, Statistical

Abstract, 1913, pp. 318-319; 1913-1923, Statistical Abstract,

1924, p. 417; 1924-1935, Statistical Abstract, 1946, p. 552 (see

general note for series Q 153-245 for the various agencies

which have issued the Statistical Abstract) ; 1943-1946, Bureau

of the Census, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United

States, annual issues.

The primary source of figures for 1790-1820 is J. R. Soley,

"The Maritime Industries of America," The United States of

America (N. S. Shaler, Editor), vol. II, 1894, pp. 522-527,

534, 536, 538. The report gives the percent of imports and

exports in U.S. vessels. Guetter and McKinley (cited above

for series Q 192-194) have derived absolute figures by apply

ing these percentages to total imports and exports of mer

chandise and specie. The primary source of figures for 1821-

1935 is Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States,

annual issues. Starting with 1943, import or export statistics

by method of transportation showing shipping weight, as well

as dollar value, have been compiled by the Bureau of the

Census.

Q 210-215. Waterborne imports and exports, by flag of car

rier vessel, 1921-1957.

Source: 1921-1945, Bureau of the Census, Foreign Commerce

and Navigation of the United States, annual issues; 1946-1957,

Bureau of the Census, releases and records.

Excludes cargoes (small in the aggregate) carried by ships

of less than 100 tons gross capacity prior to 1946. Beginning

in 1946 excludes Army and Navy cargo, and includes Alaska,

Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Beginning in July 1950 excludes

commodities classified for security reasons as "special cate

gory." From July 1953 to December 1955 and beginning July

1956, exports exclude shipments under $500 in value regard

less of shipping weight; for January-June 1956, exports ex

clude shipments under $1,000. Beginning 1954, imports ex

clude shipments under 2,000 pounds shipping weight.

Q 216-229. Waterborne cargo tonnage, foreign and domestic,

1924-1957.

Source: 1924-1953, Corps of Engineers, Annual Report of

the Chief of Engineers, part 2; 1954-1957, Annual Report of

the Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, on Civil Works Activities,

part 1.

In 1954, part 2 of the Annual Report was superseded by a

separate publication entitled Waterborne Commerce of the

United States (published in several regional parts). Part 6

of this report, National Summaries, presents separate figures

for series Q 221-222 for "Canadian" and "overseas" for recent

years.

Cargo tonnage refers to the weight of cargo and should not

be confused with gross tonnage shown in series Q 153-190 or

the net or registered tonnage capacity shown in series Q 192-

203, which are measures of cubic capacity, not of weight. See

also text for those series.

Q 230-234. Waterborne bulk freight traffic on the Great

Lakes, 1900-1956.

Source: Lake Carriers' Association, Annual Report, 1956,

pp. 62-63.

Includes tonnage moving to or from Canadian or U.S. lake

ports, in Canadian or U.S. bulk carriers.

Q 235-237. Commercial ocean traffic on the Panama Canal,

1915-1957.

Source: 1915-1924, Governor of the Panama Canal, Annual

Report, 1948, p. 10; 1925-1957, Panama Canal Company,

Annual Report, various issues.

Does not include U.S. Government traffic.

442


Q 238-242. Freight traffic on the Sault Ste. Marie canals,

1855-1900.

Source: Corps of Engineers, Statistical Report of Lake

Commerce Passing Through Canals at Sault Ste. Marie, 1931.

These series include traffic moving through the American

and Canadian canals. Figures for later years may be obtained

from various issues of Corps of Engineers, Annual Report,

part 2, Commercial Statistics. They are not shown here be

cause they pertain only to traffic between Lake Superior and

the other lakes and series Q 230-234 therefore provide more

comprehensive totals of Great Lakes traffic.

Q 243-244. Tonnage moved on New York State canals, 1837-

1957.

Source: State of New York, Department of Public Works,

Annual Report of the Superintendent, annual issues, and

records.

Q 245. Federal expenditures for rivers and harbors, 1822-1957.

Source: 1822-1882, Statement of Appropriations and Ex

penditures for Public Buildings, Rivers and Harbors, Forts,

Arsenals, Armories, and Other Public Works from March U,

1789 to June SO, 1882, U. S. Senate Ex. Doc., vol. 7, No. 196,

47th Congress, 1st Session (Treasury Department Doc. No.

373), pp. 521-522; 1883-1919, Federal Works Agency, records

(compiled from Treasury Department accounts) ; 1920-1957,

Corps of Engineers, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers,

U.S. Army, part 1, vol. 1, annual issues (in 1954, changed

to Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, on

Civil Works Activities, part 1).

Figures include expenditures for rivers, harbors, and flood

control prior to 1928. In 1928, expenditures for flood control

amounted to less than $13,500,000. Figures for 1929-1957 ex

clude expenditures for flood control. The figures include

amounts expended from emergency relief and Public Works

Administration funds, 1933-1937, but exclude $5,500,000 for

purchase of Cape Cod Canal, 1928, expended by and accounted

for by Treasury Department.

443


Series Q 153-168. Documented Merchant Vessels, by Major Classes, Material of Which Built, and Trade : 1789 to 1957

[In thousands of tons except number of vessels. Gross tonnage of documented vessels of 6 tons or more. As of December 81, 1789-1834; September 30, 1835-1842; June 80,

1848-1940; January 1 thereafter]

Number

153

40,19139,499

39.24239,00838,07237,38936,745

36,08335,26433,84332,76031,386

29,79728,69027,61227,32527,075

27,21227,47027,15526,58826,392

24,91924,90424,86826,15626,471

26,21425,32626,38525,77826,343

26,36726,57527,01727,35828,012

28,18327,51326,71126,39726,444

26,70126,94327,07026 , 52825,991

26,74025,86825,42524,91126,006

24,68124,55824,42524,27324,057

23,33322,72822,70522,63322,908

23,24023.58624,51224,38323,899

23,46723 , 62323,28123,06328,534

Grosstons

29,42129,610

29,95880,76430,54680,41630,341

31,21532,18233 , 16737,83238,501

82,81825,79516,76213,86013,722

14,01814,63214,66114,67614,497

14,65414,86215,06015,83916,908

16,06816,47716,68316,88817.311

17,40617,74118,28518,46318,282

16,32412,9079,9258,8718,470

8,8897,9297,8877,7147,639

7,6087,8897,3656,9396,675

6,4576,2926,0875,7985,524

5,1654,8644,7504,7694,704

4,6364,6844,8254,7654,686

4,4244.3074,1924,1064,131

Major

Total

155

25.78526,251

26,79227.63127,50727,45927,424

28,32729,32830,46935,14935,928

30,24723,21714,05211,07211,047

11,35311,95212,00712,17012,267

12,53512,68712,86213,56813,528

13,75714,16214,34714,50714,848

14,97615,31515,82115,98215.746

18,82310,4167,4716,4336,070

6,9445,4285,3335,1805,074

4,9004,7494,7114.2793,975

3.7413.5953,4088.1772,921

2,6582,4762,8722,3592,307

2,2132,1892,1832,0742,016

1,8591,7661,6481,5431,623

Steam and motor

Steam

Total 1

156

23,78824,210

24,70625,48925.37725,35625,390

26,27327,22528,40132.94133,779

28,66921,67412,5479,7049,814

10,10210,76010,83511,05511,161

11,43311,59911,78812,49912,475

12,77513,30113,61413,87414,318

14,49614,87015,42615,60715,376

13,466

Coalburning

157

2,1902,204

2,2522,3212,3872,4052,441

507543606699884

2,9313,0143.0482,9653,058

3,1593,2508,3253,3223,371

3,4963,5393,6153,9914,103

4,2094,4624,5674,9196,870

5,5125.9216,6566,9087,069

7,651

Oilburning

158

21,59722,005

22,45423,16822,99022,95122,948

23,76524,68226.79630,24280,895

25,78718,6609,4996,7396,756

6,9437,5107,5107,5597,617

7,7487,8607,9718,3088,202

8,4298,7519,0028,9078,895

8,9318,9478,8708,6998,302

5,915

Motor

Total1

159

1,9982,041

2,0862,1422,1302,1032,038

2,0552,0992,0672,2082,149

1,5781,5431,5051,3691,233

1,2611,1921,1721,1161,105

1.1021,0871,0751,0691,053

982861730633530

481445397375374

357

Dieselandsemi-Dieselengines

160

1,8361,886

1,9071,9601,9511,9231,866

1,8851,9321,9022,0582,002

1,4881,3921,8611,2131,075

1,0901,0281,005878867

841824812810792

715609494397

254128

171615

24

Sailing ;

2434

4046556671

87879598

115129142166182

200221261312379

441500563625673

757825915989

1,092

1,1251,1851,2541,2881,294

1,2721,2001,2101,2781,811

1,3841,4331,5081,5391,698

1,6551,7111,7611,8141,899

1,9621,9451,9661,9421,933

1,8851,8251,8361,9041,928

1,9652,0232,1182,1782,172

2,1092,0992,1242,1702,210

Canal-boatsand

barges

162

3,6123,326

3.1253,0872,9842,8912,846

2,8062,7712,6112,5882,476

2,4522,4492,5682,6212,493

2,4662,4592,3842,1941,851

1,6771,6751,6351,6461,707

1,6541,4901,4211,3921,371

1,3041,2401,2091,1931,243

1,2281,2921,2441,1591,089

1,0611,0691,046995967

952928893845801

753751713679

(70

6225635426^6468

458472524512497

456443419393398

Material of

Metal '

163

27,93528,073

28,33628,98228,76128,55928,417

29,26330,21231,21135,89786,571

30,89823,83714,64711,64111.398

(')12,15912,13012,23312,263

12,48912,60112,73613,42118,344

13,51413,91014,06414,16014,473

14,49914,62714,77614,80514,426

12,4489,2366,8145,8565,476

5,8064,7334,6084,4334,299

4,1173,9253,8603,4383,115

2,8502,6692,4402,1801,901

1,5931,3761,2241,2071,090

970930896786742

627554494475

Wood

164

1,4861,637

1,6221,7821,7851,8571,924

1,9621,9691,9561,9361,929

1,9151,9592,1152,2182,329

(')2,4732,5212,4432,284

2,1852,2612,3242,4172,565

2,6542,5672,6192,7282,838

2,9073,1143,5103,6683,866

3,8763,6713,1103,0152,994

3,0853,1963,2783,2823,340

8,3913,4643,5053,6013,560

3,6073,6233,6473,6183,623

3,5723,4893,5263,5623,614

3,6663.7543,9303,9793,943

3,7988,7533,6983,6313,687

Trade in which engaged

Foreigntrade

165

17,26517,766

18,14818,97419,00719,28018,876

19,15420,65422,02126,53529,705

26,04318,6869,2864,1093,047

8,6883,3123,5513,8334,169

4,5604,5984,7015,0715,676

6,2966,9066,9347,8097,719

8,1518,7949,06910,72011,077

9,9256,6653,5992,4412,185

1,8631,0661,019923863

783879930861928

•44889879873

817837726793

822900

978

9281,000919989

1,088

Coaat-

andinternal

166

Whalefisheries

12,154 1 111,843 1 1

11,812 1 111,787 1 211,587 1 211,184 1 211,462 1 2

12,048 •11 211,526 1 311,148 1 811,294 1 38,791 1 S

6,766 1 87,105 1 47,471 2 69,744 2 610,654 14 7

10,352 20 811,288 21 U11,064 21 1610,798 20 2510,300 9 28

10,049 9 3510,220 9 8610,318 9 8710,728 2 8810,286 7 40

9.728 7 429,626 7 899,706 7 SS9,533 8 889,652 3 38

9,216 4 368,911 3 329,177 4 357,708 4 867,163 4 87

6,358 4 886,201 4 366,282 4 886,393 « 826,245 7 33

6,486 9 326,818 10 846,817 9 426,737 9 456,720 9 46

6,669 9 476,451 9 506,872 10 546,011 10 676,674 11 61

5,442 11 606,335 10 58

6,141 10 58

4,869 9 67

4,583 10 62

4,287 10 62

3,965 11 613,960 11 623,897 IS 67

8,790 16 69

8,729 IS 693,696 16 723,856 17 713,701 17 693,610 17 69

3,409 19 68

8,211 22 74

8,172 24 7«

8,011 26 80

2,939 28 81

i at c 1 of table.

444


Q 153-168. Documented Merchant Vessels, by Major Classes, Material of Which Built, and Trade:

1789 to 1957—Con.

[In thousands of tons except i

1885_1884.1883.1882.1881.

1880.1879.1878.1877.1876.

1876.1874.1873.1872.1871.

1870.1869 _1868.1867.1866 _

Year

Total documented vessels

NumberGrosstons

154

23,96324,08224,21724,36824,065

24,71225,21125,264

25,386 I25,934

32,28532,48632,67281,11429,651

28,99827,48728,167

4,2664,2714,2354,1664,058

4,0684,1704,2134,2434,279

4,8544,8014,6964,4384,283

4,2474,1454,3524,3044,311

Major

Steamandmotor

1,4951,4661,4131,3561,265

1,2121,1761,1681,1711,172

1,1691,1861,1561,1121,088

1,0751,1041,1991,1921,084

Sailing 1

2,3742,4142,3872,3612,360

2,3662,4232,6212,5802,609

2,5852,4742,3832,3252,286

2,3632,4002,5093,1133,227

Canal-boats

and barges

162

397391436449442

490571524491498

1,1001,1411,1561,001909

808641644

Material ofwhich built

Metal '

430387

Wood

3,8363,885

Trade in which

Foreigntrade

1,2631,2771,2701,2591,297

1,3141,4521.5891,6711,554

1,5161,3901,3791,3591,364

1,4491,4961,4871,5161,388

Coastwiseand

internal

2,8952,8842,8382,7962,646

2,6382,5982,4972,5402,599

3,2203,2933,1632,9302,766

2,6382,5162,7022,6602,720

Whalefisheries

167

Cod and

mackerelfisheries

25 8327 8832 9633 7889 78

M 7840 8040 8741 9189 88

28 8089 7846 11052 98SI 98

88 9170 6378 8462 76

106 98

Year

18661864186318621861.

1860185918581857.1866.

186518641868.18621851

1860.1849.18481847.1846.

18451844184319421841.

184018391888.1837.1836.

188618841833.18321831

1830182918281827

Totaldocumentedvessels,grosstons

154

097986155112540

5,3545,1456,0504,9414,872

5,2124,8034,4074,1383,772

3,6353,3343,1542,8392,662

2,4172,2802,1592,0922,181

2,1812,0961,9961,8971,882

1,8251,7591,6061,4391,268

1,1921,2611,7411,6211,534

Major

Steamandmotor

155

,067978576710877

868769729706

878

770677605643584

628462428405848

326272237230175

195193155146

123123102

9169

8454394034

Sailing

161

4,0304,0084,5804.4024,663

4,4864,3764,3204,2354,199

4,4424,1263,8023,4953,189

3,0102,8722,7262.4342,214

2,0912,0081,9221,8631,966

1,9781,9011,8021.7421,737

1,7021,6361,5041,3491,198

1,1271,2071,7021,5801,600


Foreign

trade

1,5181,4871,9272,1742,497

2,3792,3222,3012,2682.302

2,3482,1521,9101,7061,645

1,4401,2591,1691,047943

904900857824788

768702703683753

788749649614538

538593758702696

Coastwiseand

internal

166

3,3823,2452,9612,6172,705

2,6452,4812,4012,3372,248

2,5432,3222,1342,0561,900

1,7981,7701,6591,4891,316

1,2231,1101,0761,0461,107

1,1771,1541,041957873

797784744650640

517509843789

722

Whalefisheries

167

849599

118146

167186199196189

187182193194182

146180193194187

191169153152

157

187132125129146

981081027383

4057554642

Cod andmackerelfisheries

168

113159168204193

168157149140132

134147169183146

152125133109

116

98101737178

104108127127

110

142117111102107

98102

868474

Year

1825..1824..1823..1822..1821..

1820..1819..1818..1817..1816..

1815..1814..1813..1812..1811..

1810..1809..1808..1807..1806-

1805..1804..1808..1802..1801..

1800..1799..1798. .1797..1796..

1795..1794..1793..1792 ».1791 •.

1790 •1789 •.

Totaldocumentedvessels,grosstons

154

1,4231,3891,3371,3251,299

1,2801,2611,2251,4001,872

1,3681,1591,1671,2701,233

1,4251,3501,2431,2691,209

1,1401,042

949892948

972939898877832

748629521564502

478

Major

Steamandmotor

2322252323

221713

96

33321

11

(«)(»)

Sailing

1,4001,3681,8121,3041,276

1,2581,2431,2131,3911,366

1,3651,1561,1641,2681,231

1,4241,3501,2421,2681,209

1,1401,042949892948

972939898877832

748629521564502

478202


Foreigntrade

665637600583594

584581590805

801

854675673759764

981907765840799

744661586558631

667657603598577

529439368411363

846124

Coastwiseand

internal

166

641642618624615

588571549525522

476466471478420

406405421349341

888318299290275

272247251237

218

184163122121106

10469

Whalefisheries

35334149

28

863217

61

11335

4459

11

8121238

36112

34

Cod andmackerelfisheries

168

81777869

72766965

48

8718203043

8634527059

57

4239

2930434135

8123313233

28

9

1 For 1920-1987, tonnage for vessels with electric screw included in total (seriesQ 156 or Q 159) but excluded from series Q 167, Q 168, and Q 160. Maximum suchtonnage included in series Q 166 is 201,246 in 1933 and maximum in series Q 159 is91,470 in 1934.

* Includes gasoline engines, not shown separately.' Includes canalboats and barges prior to 1868.* Includes iron, steel, composite, concrete, bronze, and aluminum.

4 Beginning 1937, excludes mackerel.' Increase due to documentation of 1 large vessel on Atlantic Coast.

7 Not available.> Less than 500 tons.' Figures for 1789 are for ships paying tonnage duties during the last 6 months of

the year. Figures for 1790-1792 are for ships paying duties at some time during the

year.

445


Series Q 169-174. Documented Merchant Vessels, by Geographic Region: 1816 to 1957

[In I Gross tonnage of documented vessels ol 5 net tons or more. As of December 31, 1816-1834; September 30, 1836-1842; June 30, 1843-1940; January 1

Year

1967

1956

1955.1954195319521961

19501949194819471946

19451944194319421941. .

19401989193819371936

19361934193319321931

19301929192819271926

1926192419231922

1921

19201919191819171916

19161914191819121911

191019091908

19071906

19051904190819021901

19001899189818971896

189618941893.18921891

1890188918881887..

Seaboard

Totalteaboard

169

26,605,27726,952,075

27,405,31628.299,224128,184,20728,135,518|28,039,745

28,865,92629,406,62030,483,95935,237,635136,829,1891

30,306,04623,668,82114,713,95711,856,79511,776,026

12,063,51212,668,38912.666,14612,733,00812,511,523

12,699,94212,882,97013,076,68613,792,99412,967,859

13,131,04413 , 526 , 52213,727,51713,914,05414,305,686

14,390,41114,785,45915,387,96115,604,26415,320,307

13,065,1049,761,7417,003,6785,959,2725,574,082

5,432,6164,904,3304,800,4244,618,2794,543,743

4,459,2644,443,6114,468,8654,327,5374,272,580

4,220,0774,058,9433,969,5523,759,2673,568,470

3,340,7968,164,8063,050,5063,086,8093,105,287

8,118,2823,169,3038,265,1123,270,5378,221,541

3,066,9883,035,7773,012,7312,994,718

NewEngland

170

1,007,30611,091,349

1,191,0011,238,8331,204.4581,334,990;1,558,"

1919

It

i19856 18

1,504,9261,678,8981,719,3701,833,7661,644,493

1,471,881972,205|439,727544,235493,922

453,380418,425453,571514,967516,684

589,210619,833641,257708,226712,288|

798,092814,833878,083,917,930936,161

953,1931,013,8181,112,577983,953920,484

872,207616,056599,988603,970616,192

658,137767,421765,588765,476776,318

799,811827,779821,849784,314781,118

812,838794,866771,5351758,288750,244

770,578741,981774,965817,646857,219

845,918879,261907,085931,756944,493

Mid-AtlanticandGulf

coasts 1

171

18,634,32918,732,095

947,366 1956,609 1,009,426 1997,849 1

Pacificcoast 1

210,722908,005886,230,604,202408,777|

914,987639,141396,835339,674926,875

186,484596,614050,727372,242318,214

563,434778,725729.768630,476253,753

247,868311,792465,211970,014156,549

106,355447,388494,410746,872079,066

154,975343,841779,633146,7301931,951

866,612329,204756,988145,769826,832

651,859035,933985,540867,990794,825

722,862681,355684,702656,383651,427

586,629457,500385,838226,768104,395

957,314872,888778,774830,151810,097

833,863833,684900,605874,162836,191

691,231642,896603,416640,424

6,963.6427,128,631

7.003.5937,152,3867,093,5197,196,326,8,072,112;

8,446,0139,088,58110,367,75418,064,19514,267,821

11,647,6819,001,0024,223,5031,939,3181,963,890

2,046,6982,471,2392,482,8172,587,6662,741,086

2,862,8642,951,3452,970,2183,114,7543,089,022

3,226,5973,264,3013,355,0248,249,2523,290,459

3,282,2433,427,8003,495,7613,473,6813,467,872

3,326,2862,816,4811,646,6971,209,5331,131,058

1,122,6201,100,9761,049.296984,813973,605|

936,591934,477962,314886,840840,035

821,710806,677812,179774,211713,831

612,904539,937496,767439,012437,971

433,501456,358457,422464,619440,857

428,391436,272399,889.'156,145

Northernlakes

173

Westernrivers

569,387657.995

590,291616,132624,423'556,034566,096

628,267076,267079,447091,170182.866

061,456792,538620,292624,377640,790

669,389711,965739,074712,900766,674

778,054802,305813,570856 , 553766,545

758,321771,287778,341805,350844,473

853,019791,204758,401723,857839,614

138,690023,762797 , 503779,087760,8151

818,009882,922939,786949,924943,523

895,102782,481729,169439,741234,432

062,147019,208902,698816,511706,294

666,587446,348437 , 500410,103324,067

241,459227,400261,067183,582154,870

,063,063972.271874,102783,721

1,246,5911.100,045|

962,234848,931737.618724.787735,860

720,950698,976603,8551503.757488,524

445,779434,138427,506379,468304,798

285,287251,637246,145230,220218,490

180,760176,760169,901189,108|183,852

17k, 360'179,050182,203168,097160,988|

162,472163,894138,372134,847122,315

120,230121,797123,342132,6781134,752

138,804141,436146,308145,980167,957

153,716162,663167,411171,616167,957

174,319213,384215,095!222,124249,454

258,456!263,084261,732272,108|274,526|

281,219287,325|298,892310,802308,347

294,446299,427305,082|327,4051

Year

1886.

1885.1884.1883.1882.1881.

880.879.878.877.876.

876.874.878.872.871.

870.869.868.867.

865..864..863..862..861..

860. .859..858 __857..856..

855..854..853..852..861..

850..849..848..847..846..

845..844..843..842..841..

840.839.838.837.836.

886 1,735,393

884 1 (>)

Totalleaboard

169

3,033,673

8,169,9308,181,8083,150,5293,061,6563,000,802

2.989,1403.070,4163.150,8618,196,4228,266,736

3,696,8768.520,5973,489,1998,265,2513,163,862

3 , 163 , 5973,090,3723,174,9358,340,0958,616,248

4.179,9204,099,6104,381,9014,424,6124,888,140

4,723.0064,674,7994,648,0294,562,4084,626,309

4,876,720,4,631,2808,871,7163,566,2158,268,723

3.051,3902,874,0152.728,5162,463,5682,256,786

2,143,365'2,033,2371,940,0671,888,1341,936.702

2,014,214

(')1,836,5641,771,2561,773.125

NewEngland

170

833.832.831.

830...829...828...827...826...

825.824.823.822.821.

820.819.818.817.

1,629,8841,367,4111,214,914

1,146,929

(')1,691,7441,689,8621,500,910

1,396,6911,861,7761,311,5361,298,3851,264,648

1,245,4161,228,0681,194,372| 1,320,100

816. I 1,367,0721

Mid-Atlantic

Gulf

171

1,054,551

1.089,7601,142,3191,121,0391,095,1891,044,884

1,072,5801,094,7601,140,0131,146,3691,147,844

1,142,9961,076,8181,055,0191,053,4201,049,723

1,056,563'1,066,337,1,046,1981,008,0151,126,382

1,269,2471.340,5661.645,7431.805,2101,839,158

1,827,6711,832,5131,738,9841,776,9931,862,725

2,004,3641,806,2421,678,5091,657,2161.414,290

1,368,0491,289,2601,258,3141,124,7491.070,842

1,009,902962 , 572922,959916,237984,262

1,012,343

„m901,058,889,089877,371

896,748

811,430700,433676,957

581 , 173

786,971714,181706,167

640,651613,340600,487600,977580,407

564,816550.515527,768562,481569,093

Pacific

172

1,631,437

1,719,5621,704,8151,701,9251,664,0321,669,033

1,644,1991,706,3071,757,40-11,798,5071.864,496

2,224,6242,232,1622,242,8622,031,4831,946.704

1,916,6361,839,4611,962,2252,170,7952,208,841

2,756,8232.654,1472,617.9582,615,7202.959,041

2,810,2242,754,385!2.824,2012,700,6302,578,894

2,778.9012,622,5882,087,9351,906,2821,784,934

1,664,6861,584,0331,470,2021,338,8191,185,944

1,133,4631,070,6651,017,108972,897961,440

1,001,871

C)935,506882 , 167895,754

839,645

m718,454666,978638,967

564,756

(')904,773875,681794,743

756,040748,436711,049697,408!684,241

680, 600 1677,553666,604757,619787,979

347,685

360,608334,669827 , 565302,434286,386

272,361270,348252,934251,656253,395

229,257211,617191,318180,348167,435

190,398

184,574166,512161,286180,025

154,350104,897118.200103,68289,941

85,11187,90184,84484,78583,690

93,455102,450106,272102,71769.499

18,655722

Northernlakes

173

762 , 560

749,948733,069723.911711,269663.383

606,102697,376604.656610,160613.211

837,892842,381788,412724,493712,027

684,704661.366695,604'612.645;671.687

671.0041697,798631,456561,003478.788

468.123328.735260,698237, 9651

222,475!

205,894161 .020253,712217,087195,766

181,235173 , 525148,195134,03090,749

85,89772,45166.20761,33957.782

m60

48,598

!),262

34,64429,582

16.851(■)

16,67816,2849,080

13,183

(')10,2458,8039,293

7,0278,9107,3116,6497,150

7,4827,4926,8016,866

1 Includes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands.1 Includes Alaska and Hawaii.

'No returns reported.

446


Series Q 175-177. Documented Merchant Vessels, by Type of Service: 1934 to 1957

[In thousands of tons. Gross tonnage of documented vessels of 5 tons or more. As of June 30, 1934-1940; January 1 thereafter]

Freight(dry

cargo)Tanker

175 176

Allother

177

Year

Freight

(drycargo)

175

Tanker

176

Allother

177

Year

Freight(dry

cargo)Tanker

175 176

22,02422,280

22,29822,81822.60522 . 55622,59823,209

4,9344,945

5,2795.5205,4786,4515,3545,554

2,4642,386

2,3812,4272,4632,4092,3892,452

1949194819471946

1945194419431942

23,76624,04727,40728,087

23,93118,87811,3658,226

6,0014,1718,1968,336

6,8354,8023,1283,261

2,4144,9492,2302,077

2,0472,1152,2682,373

19411940193919381937

193619351934

8,1158,2678,6158,7028,671

8,7028,7488,887

3,0533,0283,0892,9892,881

2,6862,6682,674

Series Q 178-182. Merchant Vessels Built and Documented, by Type: 1797 to 1957

[Gross tonnage of documented v of 5 tons or more. As of December 31, 1797-1834; September 30, 1835-1842; June 30, 1848-1940; January 1 thereafter]

Year

1957..1956..

1955.1954..1953.1952.1951..

1950.1949.1948..1947.1946..

1945..1944..1943..1942.1941.1940 '

1940 '1939.1938.1937.1936.

1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.

1930.1929.1928.1927.1926.

1925.1924.1923-1922.1921.

1920.1919.1918.1917.

All vessels

NumberGross

ofvessels

tons

178 179

1,5821.385

585,048445,617

1,1161,1861,190990992

400,076589,317633,966437.378308,825

861978

1,1181,2691,275

194,370195.190200,290267.331548,262

1,7441,7231,9011,108

703705

6,313,9778,032,00910,431,7344,543,946

647,097446,894

819673753

1,9391,207

193,229339 , 899237,374471,364224,084

748724642722

1,302

62,91966,649190,803212,892386,906

1,020808969917924

254,296128,976267 , 180245,144224,673

9671.049

770845

1,361

199,846223,968335,791661,232

2,265,115

2,0671,9531,5281,297

8,880,6398,326.6211,300,868

664.479

Steamandmotor

180

248,801152,359

117,011369,016477,421313,296165.064

103.35885,288108.206186,109509 . 538

6,258,6088,009,27710,339,6704,504,398

586,443385,681

172,433269,188

(')113,66159,020

30,34126,916168,488164,620212,996

172,96975,725172,901181,504140,586

141,053145,493241,802597 , 137

2,071,221

3,660,0233,157,0911,090,996

513,243

Sailing 1

181

M10

n

739

129

14

87

1722

717»

603346IS62

210797230326

2,869914

17,44225,45991,743

182,18479,23483,62943,l«i

Canal-boats andbarges

336.247293,250

283,041220.291156,517124.082143,761

91.005109,86392,08481,20638,717

55,36922,60392,04139 , 53460,65461,126

20,77970,689

M357,164,

ttf!ix.',

32.52839,70022,26948,254173,858

81,11752,45484,04963,31483,824

55,92477 , 56176,54738,636102,151

88,43290,296126,243108,051

Year

1 Includes canalboats and barges prior to 1868.1 Jan. 1-Dec. 31.

1916

19151914191319121911

19101909190819071906

19051904190319021901

19001899189818971896

18951894189318921891

18901889188818871886

18851884188318821881

18801879187818771876

> July 1, 1939-June 30, 1940.* Not available.

All vessels

Steamandmotor

Canal-boats andbarges

NumberGrosstons

Sailing >of

vessels

178 179 180 181 182

987 326,413 250,125 14,765 60,523

1,1571,1511,4751.5051,422

225,122316,250346,155232,669291 , 162

154,990224,225243,408153,493227,231

8,02113,74928,61021,22110,092

62,11178,27674 , 18767,95553,839

1,3611,2471,4571,1571,221

342,068238.090614,216471,332418,746

257,993148,208481.624365,405315,707

19,35828,95031,98124,90735,209

64,71760,932100,61181,02067,829

1,0121,1841,8111,4911,580

330.316378,542436.162468,831483.489

197,702255,744271,781308,178273,691

79,41864,90889,97997,698126,165

53,19657,89074,39262,95583.733

1,4471,273952891723

393,790300,038180,458232,233227,097

202,528151,068105,838106,154138,029

116,46098,07334,41664,30866,236

74,80250,90740,20461.77123,832

694838956

1,3951,384

111,602131,195211,639199,633369,302

69,75483,720

34,90037,82749,34883,217144,290

6,9489,648

27,92323,88539,975

134,36892,531185,087

1,0511.0771,014844716

294,123231 , 184218,087150,45095.453

169,046159.818142,007100,07444,468

102,87850,57048,59034,63341,238

32.20421,24627.49016,7439,747

9201.1901,2681,8711,108

159,056226,514265,430282,270280,459

84,33391,328107,229121,843118,070

65,362120,621187,046118,798

9,36113 , 56521,15541,62981,18081,209

9021,1321,2581,0291,112

157,410193,031235,504176,692203,586

78,85486,36181,86047,51469,251

59,05766,867106,066106,331118,672

19,49939,80847,67822,74715,663

447


Series Q 178-182. Merchant Vessels Built and Documented, by Type: 1797 to 1957—Con.

All

Numberof

178

1.3012,1472,2611,6431,765

1,6181,7261,8021,5181,898

1,7892,3881,816

8641,146

1.071875

1,2411,4431,703

2,0241,7741,7101,4441,367

1,3601,5471,8611,6981,420

1,038766482

1,021761

871899913972911

Gross

tons

179

297,639432,726359,246209,052273,227

276,953276,230286,304305,594336,146

394,523415,740811,045175,076233 , 194

214,798156,602244,712878,804469,393

583,460535,616426,572351,493298,203

272,218256,577318,075243,782188,203

146,018103,53763,617

129,083118,893

118,309125,260115,905125,913116,230

Steamand

180

62,460101,93088,01162,21087,842

70,62165,06663,94072,010125,183

146,433147,49994,23366,44960,986

69,37035.30565,37474,45974,866

78,12791,037109,40298,62478,197

66,91161,24166,65253,97951,778

40,92630,97617,62429,15827,941

19,81134,21923,60783,81126,630

Sailing 1

181

206,884216,816144,62976,29197,179

146,340149,029142,742233 . 584210,963

248,090268,241216,812119,627172,208

145,428121,297179,338304,345394,528

505,323444,679316,170262,869220,006

215,307195,336251,423189,753136,425.

105,09272,56146,99299,92590,950

98,49891,04192,29892,10289,600

Canal-boats and

barges

182

28,295114,479126,60670,56188,206

59,99261,13578,622

Year

1836 ».1834..1833..1832..1831. .

1830- -1829..1828..1827..1826..

1825. .1824..

1821.

1820.1819.1818.1817.1816.

1815.1814.1813.1812.1811.

1810..1809. .1808 •_

1807..1806..

1806.1804.1803.1802.1801.

1800.1799.1798.1797.

All va

Numberof

178

725957

1,1871,065712

648796886951

1,033

1,000798630639519

557876923

1,0871.431

1.329490871

(')

995767635

Gross

179

75,107118,389161,492144,54486,556

58,56079.40898,964106,456130,378

116,46492,79875,85777,56967,275

61,39486,67087.34687,626135,186

165.57929,75132,58385,148146,691

127,57591,39781,75599,783126,093

128,507103,75388,448

C)124,755

106,26177,92149,43566,679

Steamand

180

12,34713,90512,62017,38611,437

8,26910,2815,881

11,01012,818

9,1716,2163,7661,8613,017

5,5725,8243,6952,6432,926

546693

1,140118

1,145

45818278

(')

1 Includes canalboata and barges prior to 1868.« Not available.

1 9-month period.1 Figures by class of vessel do not add to the total for this year.

Series Q 183-190. Merchant Vessels Built and Documented, by Region: 1817 to 1936

[Gross tonnage of documented vessels of 5 tons or more. As of December 31, 1817-1834; September 30, 1835-1842; June 30 thereafter!

Year

1936

19351934193319321931

19301929192819271926

19261924192319221921

19201919191819171916

19161914191319121911

Seaboard

Total

183

175,398

49,05449,946181,593195,629356,771

193,116104,769181,681176,207159,668

123,933146,837262,769637,708

2,147,555

3,475,8722,815,7331,080,487

618,958275.749

203,156251,700247,818136,485190,612

NewEngland

184

711

1,910862

26,85152,16326,639

18,60112,76611,4346,5744,995

5,6153,17413,05756,973160,745

208,023177,75888,30262,52637,568

18,55114,98527,13123,05223,653

Mid-Atlanticand Gulf

185

166,671

38,45237,390151,823133,625287,884

148,65671,750146,532124,068131,994

76,784106,414199,026448,197

1,383,185

Pacificcoast

186

,931,514,274,472473,698298,958188,550

152,906200,220176,52381,329189,726

8,016

8,69211.6943,9199,741

41,248

30,86920,25328,71646,66522,669

41,53436,24950,686132,538613,625

1,336,3361,363,503

518,437167,47449,631

31,69936,49544,66482,10427,234

Northernlakesand

westernrivers

187

48,686

13,86516,7039,21017,36331,135

61,18024,20776,49968,93766,015

75,91878,13173,02223 , 524117,660

404,767510,888220,431145,62149,664

21,96664 , 55098,83796,184

100,650

Year

19101909190819071906

19061904190319021901

19001899189818971896

18951894189318921891.

1890.188918KX

18871886.

Seaboard

Total

183

167,829131,748266,937219,753146,883

230,716208,288288 , 196290,122291,616

249,006196,120112,879103,504102,644

67,12780,099102,830138,863237,462

169,091111,852105,12583,06164,458

NewEnglandcoast

Mid-Atlanticand Gulf

lakes

Pacificcoast

andwesternrivers

coasts

184 185 186 187

23,44227,23770,90344,42882,311

127,51781,752188,984140,13494,311

16,87022,75957,05035,19120,261

174,289106,342347,279

$3

119,37761,41766,97375,85282,971

91,224135,263177,887161,211163,977

20,11521,60843.33653,05954,568

99,600170,264147,966178,709191,978

72,17968,76123,94421,94289,582

135,47385,82539,14674,06752,143

41,85441,53449,7897,495

10,819

144,784103,91867,579128,729124,568

26,78328,66587,09160,624

106,491

33.20046,04252.01857,469

112,901

7,144 44,47651,0965,392

13,72120,77019,070 131.840

78,57739,98333,81324,03530,624

78,17953,93049,36649,88627,920

12,33517,93921,9569,1405,914

125,032119,282112,96267,38980,996

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Series Q 192-203. Net Tonnage Capacity of Vessels Entered and Cleared: 1789 to 1957

[In thousand* of net tons. For years ending September 20, 1789-1842; June 30, 1843-1918; December 31 thereafter. Excludes domestic trade]

Vessels entered Vessels cleared

All ports Seaports1 All ports Seaports 1

YearTotal

US'ls Foreignvessels

Totalu's'u Foreign

vesselsTotal

U.S.vessels

Foreignvessels

TotalUS'u

192 193 194 196 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 an

1957 162,925 35,898 127,027 146,144 81,189 114,966 162,578 35,118 127,460 145,954 30 . 569 115,886

1956 147,844 86,247 111.698 130.767 81,254 99,514 148,269 36,817 111,952 131,391 81,510 99,881

1955 128,405 34,321 94,084 118.807 30,407 83,400 129,368 34,407 94,961 114,806 80.615 84.192

109,524 33.860 76.664 97,198 30.138 67,065 109,899 33,579 76,321 97,674 29,969 67,706

1958 112,559 89,319 73,240 97,344 34.969 62,376 112,935 39,188 78,747 97,627 34,776 62.852

1952 116,375 45,223 71,162 101,263 40,732 60,532 114,797 43,726 71,071 99,703 39,273 60.429

1961 108,086 44,571 63,515 98,674 40,482 63,192 110,236 46,763 63,472 96,257 43,024 53.233

86,629 35,376 61,261 78,461 81.757 41,693 87,829 36,043 51,778 74.786 32,510 42,269

1949 85,700 41,251 44,451 74,701 37,626 87,076 84,286 39,681 44.604 73,063 36.136 36,927

1948 90,927 47,726 43,199 76,910 43.270 33,640 89,449 46,775 43,667 75,714 41,348 34.358

1947 93,796 53,627 40,170 80,889 49,044 31,844 97,160 54,088 43,072 84,508 49.558 34,949

1946_. 80,258 53,045 27,213 69,520 49,143 20,878 77,226 49.124 28,101 66,376 45,118 21,263

1S45 94,021 61,375 32,646 81,182 56,499 24,682 94,559 61,460 33,099 81,452 56,332 26.120

1944 81,860 48,071 33,789 66,305 42,196 24,109 87,385 53,050 34,335 71,717 46,919 24,798

1948 61,084 29,292 81,792 44,739 24,508 20,231 66,716 33,682 83,034 50,232 28,826 21.406

1942 43,942 13.611 30,331 28,258 10,826 17,982 47,706 16,354 31,852 31,976 13,149 18.827

1941 69,061 20,940 38,121 42,616 16,767 25,849 62 , 596 21,869 40,726 46,142 17,701 28,441

1940 58,544 19,220 39,324 45,393 15,740 29,652 62,171 20,248 41.923 48,996 16,766 82.230

1939 68,992 17,769 61,223 67,978 14,568 43,421 70,806 18,156 62,150 59,218 14,903 44,31670,516 19,020 61,496 59,223 16,899 43,324 71,286 18,829 52,466 60,064 15,742 44,322

1987 71,560 19,527 52,033 69,980 16,747 43,233 72,880 19,938 62,942 61,177 17,184 44,048

1986 66,972 20.682 45,290 55,038 17,610 37 , 528 66.066 20,069 45,997 65,881 16,967 38,414

1985 64,612 22,372 42,240 54,289 18,893 35,395 64,887 22,126 42.761 64,722 18,651 36,071

1934 63,787 23,192 40 , 594 53,132 19,186 33,946 63,702 22,799 40,903 53,162 18,901 84,261

1988 60,936 22,488 88,448 61,564 19,051 82,613 61.287 22,434 38,853 52,083 19,093 32.990

1982 64,837 24,278 40,569 55,229 20,643 34,587 64,446 23,865 40,582 54,900 20,204 34,695

1981 72,782 26,907 45,875 60,427 21,499 38,929 78,501 26,854 46,647 61,204 21,417 39,787

1980 81,263 31,866 49,387 66,499 24,620 41,879 81,807 31,560 49,747 66,500 24,154 42,346

1929 82,602 82,241 60,361 66,853 25.208 41,645 82,843 31,927 60,416 67,030 25,045 41,985

1928 80,211 31,285 48,926 62,809 22,991 39,818 80,667 31,734 48.933 63,331 23 , 180 40,161

1927 74.810 29,289 46,021 58,921 22,001 36,920 75,440 29,793 46,647 59,759 22,078 37,681

1926... 76,988 26,890 50,048 63,759 21,091 42,668 79,041 28,632 50,509 65,683 22,234 48,349

1926 69,378 27,947 41,481 65,636 21,148 34 , 487 70,229 27,808 42,421 67,160 21,394 35,766

1924 68,292 29,628 38,664 64,726 22,462 32,264 68,910 80,092 88,818 55,294 22,896 32,397

1928 66,819 27,725 38,594 62,775 20,984 81,791 66,624 27,932 88,692 53,215 21.806 31,9101922 65,191 81,738 88,453 61,701 23,633 28,068 64,839 31,759 33.080 51,799 23.755 28,044

1921 62,285 31,185 81,100 49,958 24,402 25,656 62,665 30,181 82,484 60,428 23,432 26,991

1920 64,104 82,119 31,985 61,531 26,225 25,306 67,817 34,053 83.764 54,980 27,875 27,106

1919 46,702 21,938 24,769 36,381 16,224 20,167 51 ,267 24,992 26,265 40,751 19,133 21,6171918 • 46,456 19,284 26,178 31,101 11,256 19,845 46,014 19,206 26,808 81,869 11,280 20,689

1917 50,472 18,725 81,747 36,521 10,898 25,623 52,077 19,146 32,931 38,094 11,339 26.766

1916 61,550 17,928 38,622 37,744 9,446 28,298 52,428 17,902 34,621 88,946 9.763 29,182

1916 . 46,710 13,275 33,436 35,032 6,830 28,202 46.886 13,418 83,467 35,468 7,110 28,347

1914 53,389 18,730 39,659 40,052 5,486 34,616 58,188 18,740 39,443 39.743 6,186 84,568

1918 50,639 13,073 87,567 37,973 5,241 32,732 51,152 13,946 37,206 37,566 6,289 32,277

1912 46,158 11,267 34,901 34,659 4,672 80,087 46,417 11,708 34,713 34,706 4,794 29,912

1911 42,675 9,693 32,982 32,457 4,302 28,156 42,487 9,768 82,684 32,299 4,427 27,871

1910 40,236 8,888 31,847 80,917 4,214 26,708 39,706 8,809 30,897 80,610 4,196 26,314

1909 39,058 8,771 30,287 30,243 4,403 26,840 38,196 8,492 29,705 29,604 4,216 25,389

1908 38,539 8,473 30,066 30,444 4,814 26,180 38,282 8,486 29,846 SO , 198 4,288 26,910

1907 36,622 8,116 28,607 29,248 3,924 25,324 35,990 8,093 27,898 28,499 8,797 24,702

1906 34,156 7,613 26,648 27,401 4,023 23,879 88,784 7,681 26,204 26,970 3,923 23,047

1905 80,983 7,081 23,903 24,793 4,120 20.673 81,168 7,208 23.955 26,020 4,269 20,760

1904 29,952 6,679 23,278 24,111 3,806 20,306 80,016 6,641 23,374 24,192 3,836 20,866

1908 31,094 6,907 24,187 24,698 8,881 20,817 81,316 6,975 24,341 24,823 3,931 20,892

1902 30,654 6,961 23,693 24,361 4,020 20,342 30,444 6,822 23,623 24,242 3,966 20,287

1901 29,768 6,381 28,887 24,791 8,980 20,811 29,820 6,417 23,408 24,889 4,020 20,870

118:::::::::::::::::::::

28,163 6,136 22,027 28,634 3,974 19,559 28,281 6,209 22,072 23,618 4,006 19,612

26,111 6,341 20,770 21,963 3,333 18,631 26,266 5,472 20,794 22,177 3,463 18,714

25,679 5,240 20,839 21,700 3,862 18,388 26,748 5,111 20,637 21,892 3,231 18,6611897 28,760 6,625 18,235 20,003 3,611 16,391 23,709 5,618 18,091 19,878 3,637 16,241

20,989 5,196 16,798 17,458 3,678 18,779 21,415 5,330 16,085 17,819 8,741 14,078

1896 19,295 4,473 14,822 16,725 8,677 13,049 19,751 4,604 16,246 17,024 3,616 18,4081894 19,990 4,666 15,385 17,026 3,649 18,376 20,272 4,740 16,632 17,806 8.747 13.560

19,682 4,859 16,223 16,679 3,493 13 , 186 19,761 4,403 16,357 16,825 3,637 18,28821,018 4,470 16,543 18,180 8,747 14,484 21,161 4,636 16,625 18,268 3,751 14.60718,204 4,381 18,823 15,894 3,670 11,724 18,261 4,465 13,805 16,411 8,716 11,695

1890 18,107 4,083 14,024 15,866 3,405 11,961 18,149 4,067 14.082 16,429 3,390 12,03915,952 3,724 12,228 13,812 3,128 10,184 16,343 3,988 12,355 18,672 3,342 10,32915,898 8,367 12,026 12,956 2,914 10,042 15,669 3,415 12,264 18,252 2,944 10,30816,816 3,366 12.461 13,532 2,871 10,661 16,763 3,259 12,494 18,611 2,771 10,74016,136 3,232 11,904 12,230 2,762 9,468 16,828 3,303 12,024 12,418 2,806 9,607

1885 _ 15,306 3,182 12,178 12,287 2,709 9,578 16,516 3,232 12,288 12,496 2,809 9,68816,069 8,202 11,867 12,085 2,821 9,264 16,206 3,237 11,968 12,206 2,846 9,86116,382 8,256 13,126 13,361 2,836 10,526 16,541 3,307 18,284 13,665 2,896 10,670

1882 17,601 3,341 14,260 14,656 2,968 11,688 17,767 3,318 14,439 14,846 2,936 11,9111881 18,319 3,254 16,066 16,631 2,919 12,711 18,470 3,376 16,094 16,794 3,040 12,754

See footnotes at end of table.

450


Series Q 192-203. Net Tonnage Capacity of Vessels Entered and Cleared: 1789 to 1957—Con.

[In thousand* of net tons)

Vessels entered Vessel, cleared

AU ports Seaports > All ports Seaports 1

YearTotal

VS.vessels

Foreignvessels

TotalU.S.

vesselsForeignvessels

TotalU.S.


TotalU.S.


192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 20*

1880 18,011 3,437 14,674 16,261 3,140 12,111 18,043 8,897 14,646 16,296 8,078 12,218

1879 16,198 8,415 12,778 13,768 3,060 10,718 16,075 8,464 12,611 18,617 8,071 10,646

1878 14.464 3,642 10,821 11,531 3,009 8,521 14,808 3,872 10,935 11,844 3,196 8,647

1877 13,455 3,663 9,791 10,406 2,958 7,449 13,442 8,765 9,677 10,889 8,043 7,346

1876 12,511 3,611 8,899 9,716 2,928 6,788 12,665 8,732 8,923 9,839 3,037 6,802

1875 11,693 8.574 8,119 9.143 2,887 6,266 11.897 8,737 8,160 9,341 3,061 6,279

1874 - 13,092 3,894 9,198 10,010 2,915 7,096 13,189 8.982 9,207 10,058 2,961 7,097

1878 11,696 3,618 8,083 8,395 2,443 6,951 11,822 8,757 8,065 8,615 2,674 6.941

1872 10.806 3,712 7,095 7,770 2,585 6.186 10,784 3,682 7,061 7,789 2,598 5,141

1871 10,009 3,743 6,266 6,994 2,604 4,891 9,898 8,747 6,162 6,918 2,635 4,288

1870- 9,156 3,486 6,670 6,270 2,462 8,818 9.169 8,507 6,662 6,362 2.530 8,832

1869 8,750 3,408 5,348 6,032 2,459 3,573 7,754 8,381 4.373 6,114 2,502 3,612

1868.. 8,046 3,561 4,495 5.672 2,466 3,106 8.279 8.718 4,561 6.811 2,626 3,186

1867.. 7,774 3,466 4,319 6,266 2,146 8,121 7.886 8,420 4,465 5.501 2,270 3.230

1866... -. 7.782 3,872 4,410 5,008 1,891 8,117 7,822 3.883 4,438 6,161 2,030 3,181

1865 _ 6,161 2,944 3,217 3.827 1,616 2,212 6,620 3,025 3,595 4,161 1,710 2.450

1864 6.538 8,066 3,471 4,167 1,655 2,512 6,832 8,091 8,741 4,279 1,662 2,617

1868 7,255 4,615 2,640 4,205 2,808 1,898 7,511 4,447 3,064 4,343 2,266 2,077

1862 7,368 5,118 2,245 4,191 2,629 1,562 7,339 4.962 2,877 4,205 2,568 1,637

1861 7,241 6,024 2,218 4,659 8,025 1,534 7,161 4,889 2,262 4,410 2,874 1,536

1860 8,275 5,921 2,354 6,000 3.302 1,698 8,790 6,166 2,624 5,257 8,501 1,756

1859 7,806 5.266 2,540 4,918 3,328 1,585 7,916 6,297 2,618 4,867 3,316 1,652

1858 6,605 4,896 2,209 4,338 3,061 1,287 7,803 4,490 3,313 4,436 8,128 1.809

1867 7,186 4,721 2,465 4,848 3,482 1,361 7,071 4,581 2,490 4,882 3,483 1,398

1856.. 6,872 4,886 2,487 4,464 3,194 1,270 7,000 4,538 2,462 4,696

Vessels entered

Total

AU ports

i i Sea-U.S. I Foreign porta >

192

vessels vessels

193 194 196

Vessels cleared

AU porta

TotalU.S.

vessels

198 199

Foreignvessels

Seaports 1

201

Vessels entered, all ports

Total

192

U.S.vessels

Foreignvessels

193 1M

18551854185318521851.

1860.184918481847.1846

1845.1844.1843.1842.1841.

1840.1839.1838.1837.1836

1835.1834183318321831

1830.1829.1828.1827.1826

1826.1824182318221821

5,9455,8846,2826.2934,993

3,7494,3693,7993.3228,111

2,9462,8941,6782,2432,368

2,2892,1161.8952,0651,936

1.9941,6431,6081.3431,406

1,0991,0041,0191,0561,048

974952895889847

3,8613,7524.0043,2363,054

2,5732,6582.3932,1012,151

2,0361,9771,1441.5101,632

1,5771,4911,3031,3001,255

1,3531,0751,111950923

967873868918942

881850775788765

2,0842,1322,2782,0571,939

1,1761,7111,4051,220960

911917535733736

712

625592766680

641568497393482

132131150138106

10211910182

4,1784,3434,1673,9263,466

'3,0132,8902,5032,4292,022

2,0111,897

1,788

6,1796,0196,0665,2785,130

4,8614,4293,8658,379

8,189

2,9842,9181,7922,2772,871

2,3532,0902,0132,0231,990

2,0311,7121,6391,3621,244

1,1051,0781,0481,1121,052

1,0551,022931911888

4,069

3,9113,7673,2313,201

2.6332,7542.4612,2022.221

2,0542,0111.2681,5361,684

1,6471,4781,4091,2671,816

1,4011,1341,142975973

972945897981953

MO919811814806

2,1102,1082,2992,0481,930

1,7281,6761,4041,177968

M0907524740737

706612604756674

631578497388272

133133151131M

M1031209783

4,4354,5244,289

8,167

1,861

1820.1819.1818.1817.1816.

1816.1814.1813.1812.1811.

1810.1809.18081807.1806.

1805.1804.1803.18021801

18001799179817971796

17961794179317921791

17901789

880869917992

1,136

M8108351715981

989705586

1,2031,186

1,010944951944

1,007

804732610681722

637609611659

606234

801784755780877

70160

238668

M8

909605639

1,1161,044

922822787799

683625522608675

580526448415

355127

7986161212259

21748114

4733

8099488791

M122164148157

121108887347

5783164244241

261107

1 Comprises all porta except northern border ports.1 As of June 30; figures (in thousands of tons) for July-Dec. are as follows:

Series Q 192, 26,029; aeries Q 193, 11,006; series Q 194, 14,028; series Q 195, 16,113;

series Q 196, 5,747; series Q 197, 10,366; series Q 198, 25,472; series Q 199, 11,223;Q 200, 14,249; series Q 201, 16,112; series Q 202, 5,614; and series 4 203, 10,498.ported as 8,169 (thousands of net tons) in Statistical Abstract, 1967, p.56.

451


Series Q 204-209. Value of Waterborne Imports and Exports (Including Reexports) of Merchandise: 1790 to 1946

(In millions of dollars. For yean ending September 30, 1790-1842; June 30, 1843-1915; December 31 thereafter. Includes gold and silver coin and bullion to 1879, importsand exports by land prior to 1871; and all waterborne foreign commerce of ports on the Great Lakes)

Imports Exports

Year TotalU.S. Foreign

vesselsTotal

U.S.

MM

204 205 206 207 208 20»

1865 249 74 174 366 93 263

1864 330 81 248 340 103 237

1863 253 110 143 332 132 200

1862 206 92 118 230 125 105

1861 336 202 134 249 180 69

1860. 362 228 184 400 279 121

1859 339 216 123 357 250 107

1868 283 204 79 325 243 81

1857 361 259 102 363 251 112

1856.. 315 260 66 327 232 96

1855 261 202 59 276 203 72

1854 301 215 86 276 191 84

1853 268 192 76 231 155 76

1852 208 156 63 210 139 70

1851.. 216 164 53 218 152 66

1850.. 178 140 38 152 100 52

1849 148 120 27 146 101 46

1848 165 129 26 154 110 44

1847 147 113 33 154 100 54

1846 122 106 16 113 87 27

1845 117 102 15 116 87 28

1844.. 108 94 14 111 78 33

1843 65 50 16 84 65 19

1842. 100 89 11 105 80 25

1841 128 113 15 122 95 27

1840 107 93 14 132 106 26

1839 162 144 18 121 96 26

1838 115 104 11 108 89 19

1837. 141 122 19 117 91 26

1836 189 171 18 129 97 32

1835.. 160 135 15 122 94 28

1834. 127 114 13 104 78 27

1833.. 108 98 10 90 68 22

1832 101 90 11 87 66 21

1831 103 94 9 81 66 16

1830 71 66 4 74 64 10

1829. 74 69 5 72 62 10

1828. 89 82 7 72 61 11

1827 79 75 5 82 72 10

1826 85 81 4 78 70 8

1825. 96 92 4 100 89 11

1824 81 75 5 76 67 9

1823 78 72 6 76 66 9

1822 83 77 6 72 61 11

1821. 63 58 5 65 55 10

1820 74 67 7 70 62 8

1819 87 67 20 70 68 13

1818 122 103 18 93 76 19

1817 _. 99 78 21 88 66 23

1816 147 107 40 82 56 26

1815 113 87 26 63 37 15

1814. 18 8 5 7 4 3

1813 22 16 6 28 18 10

1812 77 66 12 39 31 8

1811 63 48 6 61 68 »

1810. 85 79 6 67 60 7

1809 59 62 7 52 44 8

1808 67 63 4 22 20 3

1807 139 130 8 108 98 11

1806 129 120 9 102 90 11

1805 121 112 8 96 86 11

1804 85 77 8 78 67 111803. 65 56 9 66 46 9

1802 76 67 9 72 61 11

1801 111 101 10 93 81 12

1800 91 83 8 71 62 9

1799 79 71 8 79 68 101798 69 62 6 61 63 8

1797. 76 69 6 61 46 6

1796. 81 77 5 69 63 6

1795 70 64 6 48 42 6

1794 36 31 8 33 28 6

1793. 31 26 6 26 20 6

1792._ 32 21 10 21 13 8

1791 29 17 12 19 10 9

1790 23 9 14 20 | 8 12

Imports

Total

3,691

1,8131,4461,2871,1641,829

2,6353,8073,5503,6623,891

3,7163,1453,3122,7042,187

4,7313,4142,5772,5902,157

1,5261,7381,6981,6511,436

1,4671,2411,1231,3401,140

1,039923960847776

806664;>m;729744

699625822788804

749707692665611

556648700702625

653454454481465

641681647

623

462437372418446

U.S.

2,239

649528461431619

1,2061,1331,2151,195

1,1511,0121,040921765

1,9881,228

717733532

281199193171147

147151152177168

161132124

10293

1048294109117

108122127139127

125121124121119

113135136130134

149144146162143

168176176177163

153137123117112

1,452

1,164917826734

1,210

1,7372,6022,4182,4472,696

2,5662,1332,2721,7831,422

2,7432,1861,8601,8571,625

1,2451,6391,5051,3801,290

1,3191,090

9711,164

971

878791836745683

701582492620627

691604696649677

624586568543492

444513564572492

503310307330321

383406472445363

309301249301333

Exports

Total

207

7,7057,86011,38210,275

1,9731,8371,4711,3862,043

3,1684.3224,2774,0974,060

4,2244,0103,5393,2813,888

7,2527,0905,2266,4034,820

2,4662,0482,0751,8801,774

1,5161,4811,6701,6621,660

1,3551,3081,2811,2681,376

1,2841,1431,158986821

758843804997853

825714674695660

718714799738894

830729786695660

658708666662683

530439477461566

U.S.

4,6924,0525,5824,828

706658515476732

1174X7

473134401

1,4731,5321,3581,2611,402

3,1652,596

986946666

291170188152134

114108121142154

13097Ml8484

91796880

70

■27471

8179

7883677378

8299

10497117

109128167165168

156174172168190

200153175181214

Foreignvessels

3,0133,8085,8005,447

1,2681,179956909

1,311

2,0512,8352,8042,6632,649

2,7612,4782,1812,0202,486

4,0874,4944,2404,4574,155

2,1761,8781,8871,7291,641

1,4031,3731,5501,5211,396

1,2251,2111,1901,1741,292

1,1931,0651,090

906751

695769733916774

747631606

636615694641777

721601570580492

502534495394393

330286302281352

■Data are for years ending 3

aerie* Q 208, 200; series Q 209,June 30.i, 1,425.

Figures (in millions of dollars) for July-Dec. are as follows: Series Q 204, 817; aeries Q 206, 179; series Q 206, 638; series Q 207, 1,625;

452


Series Q 210-215. Waterborne Imports and Exports, by Flag of Carrier Vessel: 1921 to 1957

[mi

Total

210

172,287169,472

141, 128120,686119,003107,421100,603

96,70377,37167,41659,20349,184

39,42633,32030,98827,393

44,66742,064

Imports

U.S.

211

34,58439,394

37,40986,29138,46841,68342,886

42,26841,36440,52887,68282,340

31,41626,20924,74017,899

17.32212,459

Foreignvessels

212

187,708120,078

108.71684,39580,53566,78857,767

54,43686,00726,88821,62116,844

8,0117,1116,2489,994

27,34529,595

Exports

Total

218

165,392144,766

112,44578,17880,649103,048115,690

62,68671,86688,312

124,81787,048

61,60866,21547,76641,670

60,92961,697

U.S.

214

28,91127,804

22,08318,87819,44880,41743,232

20,37926,13634,60161,06249,799

37,72934,00225,30216,227

12,93910,557

Foioreigneasels

215

136,481117,461

90,36169,80061,10172,63072,458

42,80646,72953,81063,25437,244

28,87421,21322,46326,443

47,99061,140

Year

193819371986

19351934193319321931

19801929192819271926

19261924192319221921

Imports

Total

210

36,75647,11048,003

88,04233,39229,76532,15640,168

63,27057,10353,08347,24660,049

48,31145,80748,49150,04487,167

U.S.

211

13,52714,96714,780

16,82014,29912,34014,92319,168

27,80128,26027,08924,03323,688

28,76024,96825,51831,28626,269

Foreignvessels

212

23,23032,143

22,22119,09217.41517,23221,000

25,46928,84425,99323,21226,411

24,55120,83922,97318,76810,898

Exports

Total

213

62,28661,10544,480

42,72842,36036,27235,66644,855

65.69964,37265,88963,76876,316

55,62658,53354,97047,60254,477

U.S.

11,60212,1899,660

9,78910,5679,8579,12612,396

16,70320,07121,60220,93919,177

17,60320,51518,13118,87120,784

i U. S. Army and Navy cargo, and Great Lakes.

Series Q 216-229. Waterborne Cargo Tonnage, Foreign and Domestic: 1924 to 1957

In thousands of short tons of 2,000 pounds. For definition of cargo tonnage, see text. Net totals are derived by <(1) Traffic between seaports and river points, and (2) "Other duplications," comprising principally coastwise and lake tother than the St. Marys Falls Canal and the Detroit River)

ations from unadjusted totals:

Year

1957.

194819471946

1944194319421941

19401939193819371936

19351934193319321931

1930192919281927

Foreign and do-

Nettotal

216

1,131,4011,092,913

1,016,136867,640923,548887,722924,128

820,684740,721793,2001766,817617,0

618,906605,928680,581589,900653,600

607,900569,400466,900683,100625,842

453,331414,3081394,1041342,489445,648

520,280583,800539,200532,500540,500

483,400463,700

Unadjustedtotal

217

878,803

870,282869,954804,104827,624920,634

836,416769,689664,751745,082649,860

543,270480,893447,244390,323493,442

591,331655,045608,001594,755602,196

548,200487 , 167

Foreign commerce

Total

218

358,540326,690

271,103213,844217,396227,326232,066

169,225165,358162,971188,256148,877

172,094153,736127,28499,221120,652

111,255112,667105,182114,41890,247

81,63977,89869,46670,42989,525

114,110

127,510!126,7681120,623181,293

108,5481101,562

Through seaports

Imports

219

176,236163,849

144,276|123,503120,595108,674101,813

96,29977,15868,07857,36647,948

44,52639,44133,07725,97454,616

40,74037,85433,88643,76437,607

33,94230,55327,67029,84387,376|

46,44851,59146,69043,388|44,834

42,79836,425

Exports

146,890126,448

95,40465,24463,78085,07297,603

43,64065,74065,404101,99676,589

100,33382,61363,08646,02340,605

49 , 56867,71155,47652,91037,164

33,92233,57031,19730,03938,841

48,14855,76166,15156,65069,859

49,25149,008

Great Lakes ports

Imports

221

10,11610,865

8,6815,9217,3877,2876,935

5,6834,8394,2194,7964,163

6,5118,0557,1204,4884,628

4,1184,9415,1104,1025,423

4.7164,2873, 03413,0724,016

7,5906,3868,5488,0986,424

7,8174,962

Exports

222

1 Figures for 1924-1946 are approximations, excluding duplications in domestictraffic. There are, however, some minor duplications in figures for foreign traffic.

i Includes figures for harbor traffic of New York, Philadelphia, and San Francisco;

local traffic of other seaports, and local traffic of lake porta.

25,29826,027

22,74219,17626,63526,29325,706

23,60317,62625,27024,09820,177

20,72423,62724,00122,73620,802

16,82912,16110,71013,63710,163

9,0599,4887,5667,4759,293

11,92413,77315,37912,48710,176

9,18711,167

Domestic commerce

Approximate nettotal '

223

772,862766.223

745,0381653,796!706,151660,396692,073

651,359575,363630,229578,561468,155

446,812452 , 192453,297490,679632,948

496,645456,733361,718468,687435,595

371,692336,410324,638272,060356,123

406,170456,290412,432411,977409,207

374,852352,138

Unadjustedtotal

224

729,926

698,188706,218676,820728,403799,982

726,161657,022559,569630,619659,613

461,631402,996377,778319,894403,917

477,221627,534481,233474,232470,903

439,652885,605

Between ports

Coastwise

196,419206,910

195,718187,240188,758184,207186,769

182,544161,431174,081153,098137,609

90,70570,80660,00974,016155,927

167,027150,983138,6451149,740132,516

115,561113,349110,67594,434113,949

117,821124,999119,264121,036108,023

106,09088,554

GreatLakes

Localtraffic ofseaportsand Great

226

182,150173,991

184,809145,364188,621164,112178,463

169,881145,592172,491163,180138,617

167,900164,971159,458172,606163,161

141,103113,30972,846135,0751115,250

83,628171,68568,91139,54471,788

109,791135,838119,301112,805115,791

110,62692,563

ports1

110,824114,364

112,863102,719102,562103,972112,029

106,906102,637

113,959112, (91,225!

97,822106,194106,278104,189

98,728

97,63287,71076,21691,05988,024

76,68360, 998 155,20764,845167,630|

79,41489,628176,72878,02088,2701

69.98177,2701

Betweenseaportsandriverports

228

281,066269,734

249,693217,061224,957216,644213,406!

190,789165,703169,698149,61581,668

87,07395,82193,68992, 748 185,368

70,21762,01456,03455,295|44,337

86,72034,89426,03027,24237,327

37,69141,99539,87040,66936,798

49,787134,101

On rivers,canals,and

connecting

' Excludes St. Marys Falls Canal traffic and additional Detroit River traffic, bothof which are already counted in Great Lakes traffic; also excludes duplications relatingto rivers and canals I'

««8910 O - 40 - 30 463


Series Q 230-234. Waterborne Bulk Freight Traffic on the Great Lakes: 1900 to 1956

[In thousands of short tons]

Year

1956.1955.1954.1953.1952.1961.

1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.

1946.1944.1943.1942.1941.

1940.1939.1938.1987.1986.

1936.1934.1983.1932.1931.

1930.1929.1928.

Total

192,267193,759151,298199,697168,677189,750

177,953151,697185,612177,606147,956

176,083184,159176,663182,731172,287

145,216114,23076,118134,688114,415

82,88776,73971,37341,67374,149

112,629138,574127,831

Iron

on

231

89,81999,87168,090107,34683,90099,783

87,59177,90292,89087,24666,478

84,80190,91194,534103,12589,732

71,85850,48221,67670,11160,201

81,76624,91924,2183,997

26,284

52,17378,02860,458

Coal

232

57,37563,37846,36751,03546,28460,946

67,64040,93060,56458,06053,727

55,24660,16351,96962,53453,536

49,32040,36834,62344,31944,699

35,28985,47781,77724,85731,176

88,07239,25534,823

Grain

233

14,82010,78811,86614,31716,21513 , 160

9,82712,6439,87711,40910,198

18,71816,22911,8108,50211,887

9,64511,17210,6795,8297,434

6,7607,9518,7138,8909,480

9,86110,02116,372

Stone

30,75329,72224,97526,99923,27825,871

23,89620,32222,28220,89117,552

16,81816,85617,34018,57017,633

14,89312,2088,24114,42912,081

9,0827,3926,6663,9297,209

12,48816,27016,678

Year

19271926.

1926.19241923.19221921

1920.1919191819171916

19151914191319121911

19101909190819071906

19051904190319021901

1900

Total

120,760121,289

118,29298,047121,02989,45568,034

106,51991,762114,614116,102117,063

93,05072,940100,01887,17468,646

80,01571,95453,79174,74366,152

68,00840,33145,57144,37437,064

35,298

Iron

231

57,24065,663

60,57147,78766,12247,72724,977

65,56152,83968,49569.99872,603

51,87735,86454,95953,12935,987

47,78846,68628,47946,24542,015

87,49423,77426,48830,28422,576

20,799

Coal

2S2

84,79431,011

28,04925,86133,13719,86926,661

26,41026,42432,10281 , 19828,440

26,22027,28233,36224,67325,700

26,47818,61719,28821,48717,274

14,40112,87013,3519,1969,820

8,908

Grain

2*1

14,69312,087

13,82016,22311,85014,26712,470

6,7366,0926,5497,16210,656

11,0999,79411,6979,8726,959

5,8046,6616,0247,0116,863

6,1134,1876,7324,8944,668

6,691

Stone

JM

14,03312,628

11.3629,2269.9207,5923,926

7,8226,4077,4686,7495,554

3,854

Series Q 235-237.

[For years ending June 30. Includes oceangoingtonnage, or

Commercial Ocean Traffic on the Panama Canal: 1915 to 1957

it) for i_ vessels and foreign naval vessels of 300 net tons and over (Panama Canal iton displacement and over for vessels rated on displacement tonnage]

i rated on ne

NumberTolls

(J 1.000)

Cargo(1,000 long

tons)

oftransitsYear

235 236 237

1957 8,679 38,444 49,7021956 8,209 86,164 45,119

1955 7,997 33,849 40,6467,784 33,248 89,095

1958 7,410 81,918 36,0951952 6,624 26,923 83,6111951 5,693 28,906 80,073

6,448 24,430 28,8724,798 20,641 26,3054,678 19,957 24,1184,260 17,697 21,671

1946 8,747 14,774 14,978

1945 1,939 7,244 8,6041944 1,662 5,456 7,0081948. 1,822 7,857 10,600

Year

19421941

19401939193819371936

19851934193319321931

19301929

Number

oftransits

Tolls($1,000)

2,6884,727

5,8705,9035,6245,3876,382

5,1805,2344,1624,3625,370

6,0276,289

9,76218,158

21,14523,66123 , 17023,10223,479

23,30724,04719,60220,69524,626

27,06027,111

Cargo(1,000 long!

tons)

13,24,

2727,272826,

25,24181925

SO,30,

607951

29986738710860S

810704161799065

018648

1928..1927..1926..

1925..1924..1923..1922-.1921..

1920..1919..1918..1917..1916 '.

1915 '

Numberof

transits

235

6,2535,2935,087

4,6925,1583,9082 , 6652,791

2.3931,9481,9891,738

724

1,058

Tolls($1,000)

26,92224,212

21,39424,28517,50411,19211,269

8,5086,1646,4295,6212,403

4,367

Cargo(1,000 long

tons)

237

29,61627,734

23,95726,99319.56610,8*311,696

9,3726,9107,6267,0553.093

4,8

1 Canal closed about 7 months by slides. ■ Canal opened Aug. 15, 1914.

Series Q 238-242. Freight Traffic on the Sault Ste. Marie Canals: 1855 to 1900

[In thousands of short tons, except grain in thousands of bushels]

Year

Totaltraffic

Ironore

Coal Grain Stone

238 239 240 241 242

25,643 16,444 4,487 56,664 491899 25,256 15,328 8,941 88,398 391898 21,235 11,707 8,776 88,418 61897 18,983 10,684 8,089 80,814 6

16,289 7,909 3,023 90,706 18

16,068 8,062 2,674 64,547 2418,196 6,649 2,797 36,414 21

1893 10,797 4,016 8,008 46,887 1911,214 4,901 2,904 42,661 408,889 3,560 2,608 89,849 44

1890 9,041 4,776 2,177 18,262 481889 7,616 4,096 1,629 18,825 341888 6,411 2,671 2,106 20,619 84

Totaltraffic

Ironore

Coal Grain Stone

288 239 240 241 242

6,4954,628

2,4982,088

1,3631,010

28,87219,707

IS9

3,2572,8762,2672,0301,568

1,2861,186792987748

896706714480296

16,69712,5036,6774,2028,826

8•2(1

1,8221,061937913

1,074

677640566668610

1711119292126

4,6698,6782,1881,7282,396

I2

a82

Year

18871886

18851884188318821881

18801879.187818771876.

454


Series Q 238-242. Freight Traffic on the Sault Ste. Marie Canals: 1855 to 1900—Con.

[In thousands of abort tana, except (rain in thousands of bushels]

Totaltraffic

Ironore

Coal Grain StoneTotaltraffic

Ironore

Coal GrainYear Year

238 239 240 241 242 238 239 240 241

1876 ._ 833666888746586

493428504383827

10161978147

1,4861,2702,4301,0131,686

8 1866 1822842371628816412257523416

14721418211346

120668126121

1874 (') 1864 118

1112

1441873 2

66

1863 78697713872214182

1872 18621871. _ 1861

18601870 640 410 16 364

324286249230

6 1869 9454

1869- 368299326239

239192223152

28262320

18681868 18671867 18561866 1855 1

1 Leas than 600 short tons.

Series Q 243-244. Tonnage Moved on New York State Canals: 1837 to 1957

[In abort tons of 2,000 pounds]

Year

1957195619551964196319521961

19601949194819471946

19451944194319421941

19401939193819371936

19351934193319321931

1930192919281827

All

243

Eriedivision,freight

originating

244

4,468,6394,858,0444.616,3998,869,3354,497,2314,487,8585,211,472

4,615.6133.949,7394,613,8173,790,0502,820,541

2,968,6822,506,8402,824,1608,539,1014,605,069

4,768,1604,689.0374,709,4886,010,4646,014,206

4,489,1724,142,7284,074,002 !

3,643,4338,722,012

3,606,4572,876,1603,089,9982,581,892

2,675,8633,063,2192,779,4912,396,2913,211,9323,112,4803,673,104

3,620,3462,685,6353,121,4112,614,6431,685,516

1,666,4471,729,4482,166,3932,760,6963,612,829

3,687,0863,643,7823,349,2504,173,7004,220,397

3,898,6063,646,1263,674,9513,186,0948,277,936

3,044,2712,422,2042,636,6842,047,774

Year

192619251924192319221921

19201919191819171916

19151914191319121911

19101909190819071906

19051904190319021901

19001899189818971896

All

243


originating

244

2,369,3672,344,0132,032,3172,006,2841,873,4341,270,407

1,421,4341,238,8441,159,2701,297,2251,625,050

1,858,1142,080,8502,602,0352,606,1168,097,068

3,073,4123,116,5363,051,8773,407,9143,540,907

3,226,8963,138,5473,615,3853,274,6103,420,613

3,345,9413,686,0513,360,0633,617,8043,714,894

1,935,2781,946,4661,691,7661,626,0621,485,109993,639

891,221842,164667,374675,083917,689

1,165,2361,361,7641,788,4531,796,0692,031,736

2,023,1852,031,3072,177,4432,415,5482,386,491

1.999,8241,945,7082,414,0182,105,8762,257,036

2,145,8762,419,0842,338,0202,584,9062,742,438

Year

18961894189318921891

18901889188818871886

1885188418831882

1881

18801879187818771876

18751874187318721871

18701869186818671866

All

243

3,500,3143,882.5604,331,9634,281,9964,563,472

5,246,1026,370,3694,942,9486,553,8055,298,982

4,731,7845,009,4886,664,0566,467,4285,179,192

6,467,6565,362,3725,171,8204,955,9634,172,129

4,859,9586,804,5886,364,7826,673,3706,467,888

6,178,7695,859,0806,442,2265,688,3266,775,220


originating

244

2,356,0843,144,1443,235,7262,978,8323,097,853

3,303,9293,673,6643,321,6163,840,5183,808,642

3,208,2073,389,6568,587,1023,694,3648,598,721

4,608,6513,820,0273,608,6343,264,3672,418,422

2,787,2268,097,1223,602,5358,562,5603,580,922

3,083,1322,845,0723,346,9862,920,6782,896,027

Erie

AU canalsdivision,freight

Yearoriginating

243 244

1866 4,729,654 2,628,4901864 4,852,941 2,635,7921868 5,657,692 2,965,3021862 5,698,786 3,204,2771861 4,607,685 2,500,782

1860 4,660,214 2,263,6331859 8,781,684 1,753,9541858 3,665,192 1,767,0041857 3,344,061 1,566,6241866 4,116,082 2,107,678

1855 4,022,617 2,202,4631854 4,165,862 2,224,0081853 4,247,858 2,196,3081862 3,868,441 2,129,3341851 8,582,733 1,966,265

1850. 8,076,617 1,685,0891849 2,894,732 1,622,4441848 2,796,230 1,599,9661847 2,869,810 1,661,5751846 2,268,662 1,264,408

1845 1,977,565 1,038,7001844 1,816,586 945,9441843. 1,513,439 819,2161842 1.236,931 712,3101841 1,521,661 906,442

1840 1,416,046 829,9601839 1,435,713 846,0071888 1,838,011 744,8481837 1,171,296 667.151

Series Q 245. Federal Expenditures for Rivers and Harbors: 1822 to 1957

[In thousands of dollars. For years ending June 30]

Year

1957..1956..1955..1954..1953..1952..1951..

1950..1949. .1948..1947..1946..

1945..1944 ..1943..1942..1941..

1940.1939193819371936

1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.

Total

245

545,032489,118455,612475,418272,130214,957204,699

190,456160,431115,72889 , 17079,542

57,14664,36684,36888,66486,530

107,082115,987135,92117r.,M25

106,239

162,376104,87376,78884,26080,903

73,970

1929192819271926

19251924192319221921

19201919191819171916

19151914191319121911

19101909190819071906

190519041903

Total

245

57,29970,19760,62063,464

69,88262,02547,47843,39357,166

47,188?3,07829,59430,48732,450

46,83450,76242,27585,86133,968

29,27334,57930,36123,31025,955

22,81422,54619.590

Year

19021901

19001899189818971896

18951894189318921891

18901889188818871886

18851884188318821881

18801879187818771876

Total

14,94819,544

18,73616,09420,79213,68618,119

19,944iy,8s«14,80413,02412,253

11,74011,2347,0077,7864,197

10,5588,23713,83911,6249,072

8,0808,2673,7914,6555,736

Year

18751874187818721871

187018691868...18671866

186618641863

18621861

18601859185818571856

18651854185318521861..

I860-.1849

Total

245

6,4346,7046,3124,9624,421

8,6283,6458,4671,217295

3061026587172

228290427268161

7919374894070

4226

1848.1847.1846.

1845.1844.1843.1842.1841.

1840.1839.1838.1837.1836.

1835.1834.1833.1832.1831.

1830.1829.1828.1827.1826.

1825.1824.1823.1822.

Total

245

2444

219

5293131118279

146780

1,0541,362

569598704538662

67462418813687

4026

455

chapter Q

HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION (Series Q 246-344)


In 1894, the Federal Government created an Office of Road

Inquiry to initiate experiments and conduct inquiries con

cerning the best methods of road building. It was succeeded

by the Office of Public Roads, which is now the Bureau of

Public Roads (the latter was called the Public Roads Adminis

tration during 1939-1949). The Office of Public Roads made

surveys of highway mileage, revenues, and expenditures in

1904, 1909, and 1914.

In 1916, Congress passed the first of the many Federal-aid

highway acts, under which the Federal Government has con

tributed to the cost of constructing highways designated as

parts of the Federal-aid system. The Bureau of Public Roads

administers Federal legislation providing for the improvement,

in cooperation with the States, of roads on the Federal-aid

primary, secondary, and interstate highway systems. As the

principal road-building agency of the Federal Government, it

also cooperates with the Forest Service, the National Park

Service, and other Federal agencies in the construction of

roads in national forests, parks, and other areas.

Q 246-251. Mileage of rural roads and municipal streets,

1904-1957.

Source: 1904-1955, Bureau of Public Roads, Highway Sta

tistics, Summary to 1955, 1957; 1956-1957, Highway Statistics,

annual issues.

Rural roads, as used here, are defined roughly as those roads

located outside of incorporated communities or delimited places

generally having more than 1,000 inhabitants. Estimates for

earlier years for total mileage of rural roads are (in thousands

of miles) : 1904, 2,151; 1909, 2,200; 1914, 2,446.

Municipal and other mileage figures for 1934 and 1935 rep

resent only mileage on municipal extensions of State systems,

which are State administered. Mileage not on State or county

systems was initially included in 1936 (67,000 miles). Mile

age on local city streets was first included in 1941 (274,000

miles for that year). Municipal extensions are continuations

of State system roads through communities with more than

1,000 inhabitants. Although mileage in places having more

than 2,500 inhabitants was not originally included in Federal-

aid programs, those places have been eligible for such aid in

more recent years.

Q 252-254. Existing surfaced mileage, 1904-1957.


High-type surfaced roads include bituminous penetration,

sheet asphalt, bituminous concrete, Portland cement concrete,

vitrified brick, and block pavements of asphalt, wood, and

stone. For some years, they also include dual-type surfaces

and a small amount of unclassified mileage. Low-type sur

faced roads include sand, clay, selected soil, untreated gravel,

bituminous surface-treated, mixed bituminous and treated

gravel, chert, shale, waterbound macadam.

Q 255-259. Mileage built by State highway departments,

1923-1957.


Mileage built is mileage on which construction work creates

a newly located road or is regarded as significantly improving

the condition of an existing road. It does not include work

designed to maintain or restore the condition of an exist

ing road without material betterment. Mileage resurfaced or

rebuilt to higher standards is the bulk of mileage built. Con

struction of earth roads consists of aligning, grading, and

draining. See also text for series Q 252-254.

Q 260-264. Mileage and cost of Federal-aid highway improve

ments, 1917-1957.


In 1912, the Congress authorized $500,000 for an experi

mental program of rural post-road construction. However, it

was not until the Federal-Aid Road Act of 1916 that the pres

ent cooperative Federal-State highway program was established

on a continuing basis. In order to accelerate the improvement

of the main traveled roads, Congress in 1921 authorized desig

nation of a system of principal interstate and intercounty roads,

limited to 7 percent of the total rural mileage then existing.

The use of Federal aid was restricted to this system, and to

rural mileage only.

Urban highway improvement first came in for its share of

the Federal-State program when the Federal-Aid Highway Act

of 1944 specifically authorized the use of funds for Federal-aid

highways in urban areas. In addition, the Act provided for

the designation of a Federal-aid secondary system and a Na

tional System of Interstate Highways. The Federal-Aid High

way Act of 1956 provided substantially increased sums for the

Federal-aid primary and secondary systems for a 3-year period,

and established a long-range plan for financing accelerated

completion of the 41,000-mile interstate system.

Federal funds are available for expenditure only on the

designated Federal-aid systems and, in general, must be

matched by an equal amount of State funds. However, under

the Federal-aid Act of 1954 the Federal share for the Inter

state System was raised to 60 percent, and under the 1956

Act the proportion was increased to 90 percent. Federal aid

may not be expended for maintenance. The cost of most

Federal-aid projects is paid initially out of State highway funds,

or in some cases by counties or other local governments. The

Federal share is paid as reimbursement to the States as work

progresses, with final payment made after completion.

Federal authorizations have usually been made on <jt biennial

basis and apportioned among the States for use within a 8-

year period. Figures for State funds shown here are based on

legal matching ratios determined by applicable Federal-aid

acts. In States having public lands in excess of 5 percent of

their total area, the Federal share is proportionally increased.

Q 265-279. State highway finances, 1890-1957.

Source: See source for series Q 246-251.

A State highway-user tax is defined as a special tax or fee

(except tolls) levied upon motor-vehicle users because of their

use of the highways. Highway-user taxes include motor-fuel

taxes, motor-vehicle registration and associated fees, and spe

cial taxes applicable only to motor carriers; these taxes are

separable and apart from property, excise, business, or other

taxes paid by the general public.

In many States, specific portions of the revenue from each

type of highway-user tax are allocated to particular highway

purposes. A number of States, however, place all highway-

user revenue in a highway fund, and a few have a general

State fund into wnich go all types of revenue. For the latter

group of States, each particular appropriation or expenditure

for highway purposes is considered to have been made from

456

HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION Q 280-344

motor-fuel taxes, motor-vehicle registration fees and motor-

carrier taxes in proportion to the relative amount of revenue

received from each of these three sources.

The largest share of receipts from State highway-user taxes

is expended on State highways, but a portion is also allocated

for local roads and streets, and a small amount used for non-

highway purposes.

Q 280-293. Funds contributed and disbursed for county and

other local rural roads, 1921-1956.

Source: 1921-1955, the principal sources used were Bureau

of Public Roads, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1955; The

Financing of Highways by Counties and Local Rural Govern

ments, 1931-1941 ; The Financing of Highways by Counties and

Local Rural Governments, 1942-51; 1956, in great part from

Highway Finance, 1948-1957. (Additional information obtained

from Bureau of Public Roads, annual published local finance

tables, 1921-1955, and records on file at the Bureau of Public

Roads.)

Q 294-309. Funds contributed and disbursed for streets in

incorporated and other urban places, 1921-1956.

Source: 1921-1955 (except for series Q 303, 1924-1939),

Bureau of Public Roads, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1955;

and annual published national summaries of urban finance data,

UF series. Series Q 303, 1924-1939, "Municipal Bond Sales,"

published by The Bond Buyer; 1956, in great part from High

way Finance, 1948-1957. (Additional information is on file

at the Bureau of Public Roads.)

Q 310-313. Motor-vehicle factory sales, 1900-1957.

Source: Automobile Manufacturers Association, Automobile

Facts and Figures, 38th edition, 1968.

Production of passenger cars was discontinued in February

1942 to economize resources for war purposes, but some vehi

cles remaining in factory stocks were sold under rationing

orders in subsequent war years.

Q 314-317. Motor-vehicle registrations, 1900-1957.


tistics, Summary to 1955; 1953-1957, same agency, records

(table MV-200, "Summary of Motor Vehicle Registrations by

Years").

Figures are based on reports and records of State motor-

vehicle registration departments. They include both privately

and publicly owned vehicles.

Motor-vehicle data in the early years of the century are in

complete, largely because few States required their registration,

and hence had no records of the number of vehicles using roads

and streets. As production of vehicles increased, shortly be

fore the first World War, so did the number of registration

laws. By 1921, all States had adopted some form of motor-

vehicle registration.

Accompanying the growth in motor-vehicle registrations has

been a corresponding diversity in the registration practices

among the States. In general, motor vehicles are classified as

private passenger cars, passenger carriers for hire, trucks,

trailers, motorcycles, and property carriers for hire. Several

States, however, still register buses with either trucks or

passenger cars. These differences have made it necessary for

the Bureau of Public Roads to supplement the data submitted

by the States with information obtained from special studies

and from other sources.

Q 318-320. Motor-fuel usage, 1919-1957.


tistics, Summary to 1955, p. 2; 1966-1957, same agency, records

(table G 221, Analysis of Motor Fuel Consumption).

Fuel consumption figures for which reports from State au

thorities were not available have been estimated by Bureau of

Public Roads. Motor fuel includes all gasoline used for any

purpose (private and public), except military, plus any diesel

or other fuels used solely for the propulsion of motor vehicles

on public highways. Exports from the United States are

excluded, and there is no duplication because of interstate

shipment. Tractor fuels are not included. Nonhighway con

sumption includes all use off the highway, such as aviation,

agriculture, marine, industrial, etc., and usually falls under the

exemption or refund provisions of the motor-fuel tax law.

Q 321-327. Miles of travel by motor vehicles, 1921-1957.

Source: 1921-1935, Federal Works Agency, records, and

Public Roads Administration, records (table VM-1 and table

entitled "Estimates of Vehicle-Miles Traveled, 1921 to 1947") ;

1936-1957, see source for series Q 246-261.

Q 328-329. State and Federal gasoline tax rates, 1930-1956.


State average tax is weighted by net gallons taxed at the

various rates in the several States. No data are shown before

1930 because it was the first year in which all States had

motor fuel taxes in effect for the whole year.

The precise dates of the changes in the Federal tax are as

follows: June 21, 1932, 1 cent; June 17, 1933, 1.5 cents; Jan

uary 1, 1934, 1 cent; July 1, 1940, 1.5 cents; November 1, 1961,

2 cents ; July 1, 1956, 3 cents.

Q 330-341. Public transit mileage, equipment, passengers, and

passenger revenue, 1917-1957.

Source: American Transit Association, Transit Fact Book,

various annual issues; The Transit Industry in the United

States, Basic Data and Trends, 1943; mimeographed release

on number of passengers, dated January 3, 1938.

Figures are estimates based on reports for about 85 percent

of the industry, which includes local motorbuses, electric street

railways, elevated and subway lines, interurban electric rail

ways, and transit coach lines.

Mileage estimates for trolley coaches (series Q 331) are

miles of negative overhead wire. Mileage estimates for motor-

buses (series Q 332) are miles of route, round trip. Equip

ment owned, railway cars (series Q 333) includes surface,

subway and elevated cars. The estimates for 1933 and 1934

for equipment owned, motorbuses (series Q 335) are probably

understated. Revenue and nonrevenue passenger figures (se

ries Q 336-339) exceed revenue passenger figures (series Q

340) chiefly because of free transfers.

Q 342-344. Oil pipelines operated and oil originated, 1921-

1957.

Source: 1921-1953, Interstate Commerce Commission, Sta

tistics of Railways in the United States, various annual issues;

1964-1957, Transport Statistics in the United States, part 6,

Oil Pipe Lines.

Figures refer to pipelines operating in interstate commerce

and regulated by ICC. Oil originated, crude, series Q 343,

includes both gathering and trunk lines.

For a discussion of statistics of oil pipelines, see ICC, A

Review of Statistics of Oil Pipe Lines, 1921-1941, Statement

4280, mimeographed, 1942. The figure for mileage in 1938,

which appears to have been revised, is from this Statement.

Figures for barrels of oil carried are as follows, in millions:

1926, 831; 1926, 836; 1927, 989; 1928, 1,053; 1929, 1,156; 1930,

1,172; 1931, 987. In these figures, a barrel handled by two or

more pipelines in succession is counted each time it is handled.

In the figures for barrels originated, this duplication is avoided.


Series Q 246-259. Mileage of Rural Roads and Municipal Streets: 1904 to 1957

Year

1967.1966.

1954.1953-1962.1961.

1949.1948.1947.1946.

1946.1944.1943.1942.1941.

1940.1939.1938.1987.1936.

1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.

1929.1928.1927.1926.

1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.

Total existing mileage

Total

246

1,000miles

3,4533.480

8.4183.3953,3663,3433,326

3,3133,3223,3233,3268,316

8.3193,8113,3113,3093,309

3,0173,0072,9922,9823,006

3,0603,050

Rural roads >

Total

247

1.000miles

2,9662,957

2,9542,9412,9252,9262,925

2,9222,9342,9292,9332,934

2,9892,9322,9302,9252,926

2,9202,9132,8982,8942,920

3,0323,0343,0298,0408,036

8,0093,0243,0163,0133,000

3,0063,0042,9962,9602.925

Stateadministered

Prima-

ry

248

1,000miles

891

387379377371367

363358350337842

339335333334332

329328327327

840

332325346358329

324314306293288

276261252227203

Secondary andcountyroads

249

1.000miles

2S2226

222218214219217

110206206212205

202200200199196

US194194189177

1731701358445

Countyroadaunderlocal

control

250

1.000miles

2,8432,342

2,8452,3442,3342,3352,341

2,8492,3702,3732,3842,887

2.3982,8972,3972,3922,398

2,3962,3912,3772,3782,403

2,6272,5392,6482,5982,662

2,6852,7102,7102,7202,712

2,7312,7432,7442,7332,722

Municipalandother

mileage

251

1,000

487

478

464454441418401

391388394393382

380379381884383

8784948886

1816

Existing surfaced mileage

Total 1

252

1,000

2,3712,828

2,2782,2282,1602,0701,998

1,9391.8651,8151,7851,780

1,7211,6651,6461,6301,607

1,8671,3181,2761,2821,175

1,080992914879830

884662626589550

521472439412387

Under Statecontrol *

High-typeroada

253

Miles

287281

270262252245236

227174172170

170

188167166165162

153151149144

181

12812411611086

8475686054

484134

Low-

typerosds

254

nu

ns335

840333332328323

316350338330817

812309306302296

286286277265262

246237195156146

142133125117109

879078

Mileage built by State highway departments

Total'

255

Miles

52,97167,454

63,55955,48852,88657,84751,471

55,48746,17641,96832,87021,718

16,27815,08015,97119,67382,634

32 , 59432,99636,32835,627

Roada under State control

Total

256

Miles

89,67544,016

41,12042,05341,74446,35441,864

44,26635,24185,08529,57920,858

14,82713,92414,69218,08130.554

29,69630,67134,60428,94582,274

26,81441,73033,47136,97144,634

86,27732 , 52229,25226,72326,652

28,15223 , 16420,311

Earthroads

257

IfOn

874486

694866

1,2641,2381,603

1,7841,5171,4031,013417

260289458

1,0881,843

1,4231,7201,1871,8283,361

3,2846,9176,2586,39410,096

7,8187,4518,6767,1617,060

5,8165,9576,814

High-type

surface

Miles

19,47620,726

17,67219,73017,80717,81116,122

13,3797,4877,7536,2244,900

8,9713,9254,4464,1706,304

6,2235,0215,7576,5324,706

3,8066,3867,41210,00912,513

10,7878,8478,7486,7336,132

Low-

Miles

19,82622,804

22, 75421,45722,67327,30525,139

29,10226,23725,92922,34215,541

10,6069,7109,78812,87822,907

23,04923,93027,66020,58624,207

19,72429,42719,80119,56822,026

16,67716,22411.82912,83918,360

6,686 11,1506,697 10,6105,628 8,869

Year

19201919191819171916

19151914191319121911

19101909190819071906

19061904

mileage,

total

1,000

313

276257244231217

190183176168

161154

1 Includes extensions of county, town, and township roads but excludes rural mileagenot under State or local control.

1 Includes all surfaced mileage whether under State or local control.a Includes State highway extensions within cities.

4 Beginning in 1937, includes special construction _Highway Departments on county and local roads notstreets other than urban extensions of State highwayinstitutional roads; etc.

as mileage built by StateState control; on cityon forest, park, and

Series Q 260-264. Mileage and Cost of Federal-Aid Highway Improvements: 1917 to 1957

1957.1966.

1966.1954.1958.1962.1961.

1960.1949.1948.1947.1946.

1946.1944.1943.1942.1941.

1940.1989.

Miles of highway

Totaldesignated i

part offederal

780,989765,920

749,166725,963704,150675,121664,464

648,989632,037611,882599,338566,787

808,741367,690388,706380,061816,482

286,482

Completedduringyear "

261

22,42423,609

22,57120,54821,13622,14717,060

19,87619,87621,72515,4736,067

3,0364,4787,7586,8989,784

11,649

11,776

Cost (81,000,000) •

Total

1,7141,444

1,2871,1461,078978772

753829763422147

101135273226274

268306

Federalfunda

968757

666591559505

880

880425397224

86

76109219143148

150176

Statefunds

746

687

621555619472882

864404366198

61

25265483

126

118130

Yearor

period

1988.1937.1936.

1935.1984.1938.1932.1931.

1980.1929.1928.1927.1926.

192519241928

19221917-1921.

Miles of highway

Totaldesignated i

part ofFedei

229,906226,829224,450

219,869212,496207,194205,026198,967

198,652189,853188,017187,035184,162

179,601174,607169,007

Completedduringyear "

261

11,76621,33012,258

12,81121,20818,21910,85516,902

10,3398,6819,76610,22010,728

11,00110,9467,49411,18812,919

Cost (81,000,000) '

Total

309

621238

242358264205

826

237197196189215

221205130186222

Federalfunds

183348226

21831122396

228

10080838498

10093678095

Statefunds

125173

18

24474111097

187117

113105122

12111273

106127

1 Includes estimates on Federal-aid primary system throughout, Federal-aid onsecondary systems beginning in 1942, and national system of interstate and defensehighways beginning in 1961. Estimates as of end of calendar-year.

s Comprises new and rebuilt mileage.

1 Represents actual expenditures of funda on calendar-year basis,money spent on public works and defense highways,secondary highways.

1935,mo,

458


Series Q 265-279. State Highway Finances: 1890 to 1957

[In thousands of dollars!

Year

1967.1956.

1955.1954.1953.1952.1951.

1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.

1945.1944.1943.1942.1941.

1940.1939.1938.1937.

1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.

7.067,5666,789,022

5,794,6596,913,563 3.648,5875,401,670!4,651,3064.051,205

1927

1926.

1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.

1920.1919.1918.1917.1916.

1915.1914.

Revenue

Receipts from current State imposts

Highway-user revenue

Total

4,644.5581'4,395, 173

4,014,449

Motor-fuel

2,894,7192.788,278

Motorvehicleand

carriertaxes

268

1,649,8391 ,606.895

2.533,126 1,481.323

3,420,5903,094.0502.863,225

3,613,387 12.587.079

3.278,9842,950,2452,345,0322,107,903

1.449,1471,361,0651,425,0771,572,2241,899,100

1,780,4711,611,0911,578,286,1,634,8181,690,886

1,330,5891,388,6471,182,0271,169,1211,389,970

1.296,8531,209,487998,098879,243825,348

783,159638,043632 , 674556,064430,210

358,145221,260139,730116 "87,217

90,69475, •"

2,337,0892.081,0461,838.7411,602,804

1,235,7801,136,9041,117,3771,321,3911,462.011

1.321,0821,226,9161,175,7581,195,6511,057,995

940.436883,717815,688838,351881,763

850,663778,950626.882559 "475,886

405,699305,274227,983164,464127,828

102.92166,719'61,478137,504!25,866

18,24812,385

2,301,7502,167,9561,958,1821.809,310

1,652,2951.473,3661,348,1221,196.4801,046.374

773.817684.944663 . 646855,271948,038

866,259816,629769,870767,467683,074

615,581566.140614,014614,077637,443

494,622431,364304,397268,771187,603

146,49280,44238 , 56612,7036,382

1,3641 "

Other '

1.346,8371,252,6341.135,8681,053,915

934,784863.723732,924642.261556.430

461.963451.960463,731466.120503,973

464.823410,287405 , 888428,184374,921

324,855818,577301,674324,274344.320

366,041347.596322,485300,919288,282

260,207224,832189,417151,761122,446

101,56764.69661,47837,50425,866

18,24812.386

Federalfunds 1

357,391392.623

295,103221.043213.299184.706158,192

125.080153,001144,16591,585176,494

87,23444.37956,42544.54145,742

38,19534.10933,46630.29825,820

24,88627,59343,74748,43847,634

55 . 19675,81957,61262,00149,267

56,17539,48762 . 48265.86169,721

97,56827.78730.23516,379

23,015

20,10426,160

Receiptsfromissue

of bonds,notes,etc.'

1 ,256,005776,664

670.2595H7 , 857

540,883485,273415,628

425,587429.198364,852288.336147.230

59.96491.918152,189164.930168.862

196,139203,830197,676264,087849,736

219,881364,812223 , 586138,857218,383

94.11177,95281,26280,16079,163

93,34392,97073.30879,74177,741

61,96611,7302,109

727,157,064.646

658,168.338.021,101,546798.625536.926

410,117303.177312.77389.349150.036

47.61772,18983,87333.029

204.857

202,286120,230'145,967111.559134,236

117,150103,06079,848104.650174,781

222,288191,229133,48490,979137,846

141,402101,66388,187143,004114,804

38,27234,3227,083

21,6984,809

25,31911,684

Allother *

182,456 7,702,319160,916 6,896,428

156,680118,056125,35288,65277,234

6,033,8801 3,102.9945,720,432 2,962,5624,884,6724,247,7813.980,534

65,57466.51947,4091287,021)2

31.339f

13,561,513

3.201,008874.070383,150

1,788,993

18,66215.67515.21318,33327,628

22,76926,00625,41933,22323,600

28,73619,46519,15838,82567,409

74,59585,53798,86896.41383,197

86,54098,65980,614102,99440,116

67,43381,70248.825

50,88833,627

27,02825,194

Disbursements

Total

273

For State-administeredhighways

Capitaloutlay

for roadsand

bridges

274

4,139,3223,661,979

1,302.0731,243,8031.309.3581,489,4531,888,861

1,678,0091,606,6721.619,0851,601,7601,578,496

1,257,8381,325,1871,219,6241.243,1531,393,590

1,380,5451,089.411983,924847,803747,141

761,914691,963493,317492 , 736444,413

368.146221.260139.730116.46987,217

90,69476,423

2.271,4341,941,8571,739,579

1.633,8591,361,9501,138,674882,361602,316

210,467210,328268,695401,694626,233

563,074600,113558,379689,242631,760

438,306580.369527,012569,511796,902

728,887675.476558,481418.820866,011

403,843397,648279.993287,461300,609

240,340124,98171,91861,62449,884

56,98653,880

Maintenance

275

812,426756,478

676,629647,765620.405602,554662.272

601,487488,037466 . 184375,097329,587

289.368258,958224.884216,705234,833

218,776211,927232,615|223,793222,001

187.122181,507181,565'179,722162.943

193.928173,601160.274139 . 130126,775

119.304104,80675.32976,34164.833

68,46853,09334,97527,64918,453

19,26414,527

Other '

276

903 , 523748,468

686.738653,303566,376472,472484,092

447,574355,816343,116348,497403.604

342,633290,059303,117263.759605,848

318,190337,022329,971270.695256.373

219,893191.176189,043190,123167,264

167,163136,90996,346129,867116.647

115,97289,85374,43654,30441,897

25,40619,26913,68110,2646,722

6,8446,200

Forcountyand localroadsand

streets

277

Allother •

278

1,347,6181,286.107

1,130.4441,044,167994,005905,487808.823

752,429735,340652.801537,349400,402

309.883297,808315.520359.358359,000

333,116333 , 575296,885312,820257.346

233,238216.354195,392195,563'217,067

200,016170,423140.807136,206116,074

101,19774,88867,45967,66929,546

29,68219,01614,71814.11710,203

7,6751,816

499.430493.411

438,075412,645432.453325.411386,768

326 . 164259,865273.295244 . 856158,084

149,722186,650197.142247,937263,937

244.853224,035201.235206,210211.016

179,279155.782126.612108.23449,414

Statehighwaydebt

27»

7,945.2087,495,903

6,618,5076.164,0004,015.4813,116,1202,475.803

2.141,0581,928,8301,735,3621,536,9391.671.577

1,637,9041,794.5071.869.5591.962,1312,069,639

1,159.0262,177,8882.250.1522,243.6482,210.385

169.299114,823

2,108,8392,038,5411,879,797

40,561 1.672.45533.00328,01624.28023,634

21,69824.768

6,1007.9617,628

4,2494,9114,6432,8161.955

2,035

1.438.9941,187,8011,085.867933,066

789,347678.321565.450473,214372,945

225,406191.441159.502154.005134.490

130,244105.494

Year

191319121911

191019091908

State high-wax debt

outstanding

279

94,21365,69752,479

38,36831,61524,478

Year

19071906

1905190419031902

State highway debt

outstanding

279

18,43116.434

15,43116,01414,56714,000

State highway debt

outstanding

1901

19001899189818971896

13.109

12,79712,23510,0858,2356,735

18951894189318921891

1890

State highway debtoutstanding

279

2.6351.385

5864840

11

■ Include* road, bridge, and ferry tolls; property taxes; appropriations from general

funds; and other State imposts.' Includes funds of Bureau of Public Roads and other agencies paid as i

merit to the States. Does not include direct Federal expenditures for highways.1 Includes refunding issues and toll reveni

' Includes administration, engineering and equipment; State highway police; interest on obligations for State highways; and retirement of obligations for State highways.

' Includes expenditures and funds transferred for nonhighway ]of collecting and administering highway-user revenue.

459


Series Q 280-293. Funds Contributed and Disbursed for County and Other Local Rural Roads: 1921 to 1956

[In millions of dollars)

Year

195619551954195319521961

19501949194819471946

19451944194319421941

19401939193819371936

19351934193319321931

19301929192819271926

19251924192319221921

Funds contributed

Total'

1,7671,7651,5731,5411.4311,267

1,1991,1601.055

928729

584542581683

826

9371,0001,022

618654558

649784

819790835840776

688603572580624

Federalfunds 1

281

9077786748

4653412612

111634

96198

373401240841

9615425

(')1

State i

Total

282

864818779728648

608588539438355

280273292307827

818308289302

286

816223222208209

196154135125108

10244403022

Highway-user

imposts

281

680651628592554610

470443403346287

247234243266280

272258246245224

205218203204202

196154135125108

102

444030

Directexpenditures «

284

225186163160148112

108122

976932

1932

448735

86373U46

Other

282727272626

2523892336

1475

412

1113131211

10619

47

Local sources

Total

286

'744

810677683634

670

650518474464361

253255281800

809319332327

818

808277311441674

628636700715

668

681559532550602

Propertytaxes,generalfunds,andother

287

'606690569551521472

448408381349305

206242244257265

277281280279269

266251296389498

628525550534

499

487401403400400

Tollreceipts

288

'161514131312

12111087

65564

33

31

Borrowing'

122205

94119100

86

90ss8810749

661931

2935494749

4826155281

96111150181169

144158129

160202

Disbursements

Total

298

1,4821,3881,3131,2541,1601,038

966931870749801

448435421510

666

766832868704

771

496540432518648

701644659643588

544534521590596

Capitaloutlay 1

291

'646583540513456359

881358325261164

8090190828

447513647384

464

204252140177257

297257282289266

265256242330337

Maintenanceand

adminis-ltration

1 For 1940-1956, includes contributions from urban places not shown elsewhere.

(81 million in 1956).1 The following amounts of Federal work-relief funds (mainly Works Progress Ad

ministration) are included for 1933-1942, respectively (in millions of dollars): 26,160. 91, 839, 221, 889, 862, 296, 189, and 78.

1 Work performed directly by Stateincluded in disbursements.

• Refunding issues excluded after 1937.

' Estimated.• Less than 8600,000.

460

HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION

Series Q 294-309. Funds Contributed and Disbursed for Streets in Incorporated and Other Urban Places:

1921 to 1956

[In mUUona of dollars)

1956.1955.1954-1953.1952.1951.

1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.

1945-1944.1943.1942.1941.

1940.1939,1938.1937.1936.

1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.

1930.1929.1928.1927.1926.

1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.

Total'

1,4451,4731.3541,1951,104976

M8947788677614

408294

63970883761567a

4»0568438538741

911861843849

7S0

696578403176M7

Federalfunds 1

2M

n

8i

46105

168233367203164

103172

State

Total

M6

282274258223196177

176165

119109

5253587261

5356

II

2325181720

12141046

Highway-user

imposts

297

•250

238226197174166

161143103

9672

4645485964

5352464831

25181720

12141046

Directexpenditure

US

323632262221

2622161411

681013

7

91078

Local sources

Total

1,1161,1611,049932871767

728747647554424

847232217297368

897401407350867

352366386516716

847833845724

691573403876337

Highway-user

imposts

'585660483525

2823201712

11

ToUreceipts

301

•49

4643424137

8126242120

14

Property

generalrevenues,miscellaneous

302

'767736683646594523

612511482

894880

802220205255295

847382366335348

885337373474643

787725718730624

678482403376337

Borrowing 1

Rural

242 <86328 80273 86196 31201 31182 25

162 29187 30121 18122 1262 7

20 912 912 642 878 10

60 12

19 12

41 1016 6

19 11

17 1229 513 642 572 5

112122115115100

11891

Total

305

1,2131,1541,0611,007983889

802796679562

891

810321321404480

667665778

684648

461534420491668

799739728784680

682482403376337

Capitaloutlay 1

561531476443404866

866350267221106

5874

68159241

541375401

228286167211350

478429444453878

867285226213191

Maintenanceand

repair

897

505484459446413382

860350327267

194167171162155

189160156133166

146148

147166193

197196180182167

147130120116108

Interest

308

555249454442

4243403987

8952546668

6156555460

6875828788

9182746962

6445372920

Administration

928777737269

6458453521

1928282726

23252622

26

2425242732

8832303028

24222019

18

1 Includes since 1949 other items not shown elsewhere. s Refunding issues excluded

' The following amounts of Federal work-relief funds (mainly Works Progress Ad- ' Estimated.ministration) are included for 1933-1942 respectively (in millions of dollars) : 29, 172, ' Less than $500,000.

103, 264, 208, 867, 288, 167, 104, and 44.

1940.

461


Series Q 310-320. Motor-Vehicle Factory Sales and Registrations, and Motor-Fuel Usage: 1900 to 1957

[Number sold includes sales of military vehicles. Value of sales does not include Federal excise taxes. Beginning 1937, standard equipment is included in the value

Motor-vehicle factory sales

Number

310

value

311

Motor trucks and buses 1

Number

312

value

313

Motor-vehicle registrations

Total

3U

Auto-

31S 316

Trucks

317

Motor-fuel

Total

318

Highway

319

No

19571956

19551954195319621951

19501949194819471946

1945

19441943

19421941

19401939198819371936

19351934193319321931

19301929192819271926

192519241923.

1922.1921

19201919191819171916

19151914191319121911

19101909

1908..19071906

19051904190319021901

1900

6,113,3445.816,109

7,920,186|6,558,8976,116,9484,320.7945.338,436

6,665,8636,119,4663,909,2703,558,1782,148,699

69.532610139

222.8623,779,682

3,717,3852,888,5122,019,5663,929.2033,679,242

3.273,8742,160,8651,560,6991,103,6571,948,164

2,787,4664,456.1783,776,4172,936,5333,692,317

3,735,1713,185.8813,624,7172,274,1861,468,067

1,905,5601,651,625943,436

1,745,7921,625,578

895.930648,139461,500356,000199,319

181,000123,99063,50043,00033,200

24.25022 , 13011,2359,0007,000

4,192

11.000

11,198,3799,764,971

12.452,8718,218,0949,002,5806,455,1147,241,275

8,468,1376.650,8674.870,4233,936,0171,979,781

57,255447102

163.8142,667,206

2,370,6541,770,2321,241,0322,240,9132,014,747

1,707,8361,140,478773,425616,860

1,108,247

1,644.0832.790,6142,672,6992,164,6712,607,365

2,458,3701,970,0972,196,2721,494.5141,038.191

1,809,1711,365,395801,938

1.053,506921,378

575,978420,838399,902335,000225,000

215,340159,766135,25091,62061,460

38,67023,35813,00010,3958,183

4,899

tl,000

1,107,1761,104,481

2,082,7232,077,432

1,249.0901,042,1741,206,2661.218,1651,426.828

2,020,9731,660,0192,089,0602,319,7892,323,859

1,337,1931,184,1851,376,2741,239.443940,866

1,707.7481,394.0351,880,4751,731,7131,043,247

655,683737,524699.689818.662

1,060,820

1,181,9561,700.9291,451,7941,427,4571,069,800

754.901700,877488,841891,016782,220

567,820489 , 787329,918537,815463,719

697,367576,205829,218228.303432.262

380,997326,782175,381137,624265,445

575,364881.909583,342464,793608,617

390,752622 , 534460.109420,131484 . 823

530,659416,659409,295269,991148,052

458,400318,581808,588226,050166,071

321,789224,731227,250128,16792 , 130

423,249371,423434 , 169220,983161,000

74,00024,90028,50022,00010,681

125,80044,21944,00043,00021,000

6,0003,2971.5001,000

800

9,6605,3342,5501,7801.440

750700

1,3801,273

67,131,07165.153,810

62,693.81958,510.25356,221,08953,265.40651,913,965

49.161,69144,690,29641,085,53137,841,49834,373,002

31,035.42030,479,80680,888,13433,003,65634,894,134

82,453,23331,009,92729,813,71830,058,89228,506.891

26,546.12625,261,71024,159,20324,391,00026,093.968

26,749.85326,704.82524,688.63128.308,47022,200,150

20.068,54317,612,94016,102.10512,273.69910.493.666

9.239,1617,576,8886,160,4485,118,6253,617,987

2,490.9321,763,0181,268,060

944.000639 , 500

468,500312,000198.400143,200108,100

78,80055,29032,92023,00014,800

8,000

55,906,19554.200,784

62,136,58348,461,21946,422,44343,817.68042,682,591

40,333,59186,453.35133,350,89430,845.35028,213,386

25,793,49325,566,46426,009,07327,972,83729,624.269

27,465,82626,226,37126,250,47725,467,22924 , 182 , 662

22,567,82721.544,72720,657,25720,901,40122,896.253

23,034.75323,120,89721.362,24020,198,33319,267.967

17,481,00115.436.10213,253.01910,704,0769,212,158

8,131.5226,679,1335,654,9524,727,4688,367,889

2,332,4261,664,0031,190,393901 , 596618,727

458,377305,950194,400140,300105,900

77,40054,59032,92023,00014.800

8,000

264,062258,764

255,249248.346|244,251240,485230,461

223,652208,929196,726187,457173,585

162 , 125152,592152,324135,957119,753

101,14592,28587,66483,13062,618

68,99451,53044,91843,47641.880

40,50733 , 99931,98227,65924,320

17,808

10.960,81410,694.262

10,302.9879,800,6889,554.3959,207,3419,000,913

8,604,4488,028,0167,537,9116,808.6915.986,081

5,079.8024.760,2504,726,7374.894.8625.150,112

4,886,2624,691,2714,476,5774,508,5334,261.611

3,919.3053,665,4533,457.0283,446,1233,655.835

3,674,5933,549,9293,294,4093,082,4782,907,863

2,569,7342,176.8381,849,0861.569,5231,281,508

1,107,639897,755605.496891.057250.048

158.50699,01567.66742,40420.778

10,1236,0504,0002,9002,200

1,400700

1,000gals.

56,954,59055.149,647

52,565,09949,118,91847,881,03745,037,33642,473,362

39,830,60636,440,03734,329,14731,680,50128.876,546

22,046,72719,292,04718,642,77322,438,92526,429.441

24,038,52522.571.88721,311.67521,115,44419,661,677

71,637,58016,557,92115.367,90515.427.34016,621,261

15,777,70715,051,03613,090,28211,936,89610,552,161

9.143,9657,809.1866,318,1776.014,0854,064,824

3,448,1642,747.030

1,000gals.

51.864,63150,214,299

47,730,57844,365,46642,731,84740,684,53038.128,851

35,652,9401S2,481,016|30,460,64128,215.705.

25,648,998

19,148,96816,429,66816,004,25019.939,88724,192,397

22,001,86620,714,35219,611,64319,455,45418,099,138

16.344,69715,414,89614.348,15214,339,15115,456,662

14,753,91114,139,30112,361.46011,331,32610,063,951

8,749,0757,497,0006,078,0004,841,0003,935,000

3,346,0002,672,000

1.000gala.

5,089.9594,935,348

4.834,5214.753,4534,649.1904.452.S064,345,011

4,177.6664,009,0213.868.5063.464,7963.227.548

2.897.7S92.862,3792.638,5232.499.0382,237,044

2,037,1691,857.4851,700,0321,659.9901.462,539

1,292.8831,143.0251,019,7531,088.1891.164.599

1.023,796911.735728,822605,570488,210

394.890312,186235.177173,035129,824

102,16475.030

1 A substantial portion of the number of trucks and buses (series Q 312)is not included.

only, without bodies; hence the value of bodies for these Q 813)

462


Series Q 321-327. Miles of Travel by Motor Vehicles: 1921 to 1957

Year

All motor vehicles

Totaltravel

321

Urbantravel

Ruraltravel

* vehicles

Urbantravel

324

Ruraltravel

325

Trucks and

Urbantravel

Ruraltravel

327

Year

All

Total Urbantravel

Rural

19571966

1955.1954.19531952.1951.

19601949194819471946

1946194419431942

1941

19401939193819371936

647,004627,843

603,434560,857544.433513,581491,093

458,246424,461397.957370,894340,880

260,173212,713208,192268,224333,612

302,188285,402271 , 177270,110262,128

296,699275,464

267,281248,639236.058224,118222,671

218,248205,364199,082184,088170,049

180.161110,760108,990138,235163,591

149,993142,253136,264138,072129,450

360,305852,379

336,153817,218308,375289,463268,422

239,998219,097198,875186.806170,831

120,012101,96399,202129,989170,021

162,195143.149134,913132 , 038122.678

266,563233,456

226,380206.169199,754189,987188,670

184,476175,686170,331158,770148,497

111,40193,67991,942119,653143,101

130,269122,805117,537118.216110,419

277,235278,287

265,667248,844240.046224 , 534207,579

183,218171,044153,617146,921136.153

92,83177,26474,592102,780135,658

121,988115,378109,145107,748100,602

40,13642,008

40.90137,47036,30434,13134,001

88,77229.67828,75125,31821 , 652

18,76017,07117,04818,58220,490

19.72419.44818.72719,85619,031

78,07074,092

70,48668,37468,32964,92960,843

56,78048,053'45,258•40,885■34,678

'27,181• 24, 699

'24,610■27,209■34,463

■30,207

27,77125,76824.29522,076

19851934193319321931

19301929192819271926

19261924192319221921

228 , 568216,663200,642200,517216,161

206,820197,720172,856158,453140.736

122,846104,83884,99567,69765,027

118,327112,613106,678106,366116,680

111,202107,409

110,241103,05095,06494,151100,571

95,11890,811

i travel on turnpikes not included in previously published figures. ■ Includes travel on turnpikes as well as travel by military

previously published figures.

vehicles, not included in

Series Q 328-329. State and Federal Gasoline Tax Rates: 1930 to 1957

[In cents per gallon. When 2 figures appear in a cell, the first is tax in effect at beginning of year, the last is tax at end of year]

Stateaverage

Federaltax

Stateaverage

Federaltax

Stateaverage

Federaltax

Year Year Year

328 329 328 329 328 329

1957 5.68> 5 .54

3 1947 4.254.16

1.51.6

1938 3 96

1966 2-3 1946 1987 8.913.85

1966 5.355.195.104.834.74

2222

1946 . 4.104.064.053.993.99

1.51.61.51.61.5

1986

1954 1944 1935 3.808.668.653.603.48

1943 19341962 1942 1933 1-1.5

0-11951 1.5-2 1941 1932

1950 4. 664.624.36

1.51.51.6

1940 3.963.96

1-1.61

1981

1949 1939 8.361948

1 Am of August 1 .

463


Series Q 330-341. Public Transit Mileage, Equipment, Passengers, and Passenger Revenue: 1917 to 1957

Year

Mileage (Dec. SI)

Railwaytrack

Trolley

Ml

Motor

Equipment owned (Dec. 81)

Railway Trolley MotorTotal Railway

Trolley Motor (mil.)

1957.1956.

1955.1954.1953.1952.1951.

1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.

1945.1944.1943.1942.1941.

1940.1989.1938.1937.1986.

1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.

1930.1929.1928.1927.1926.

1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.

1920.1919.1918.1917.

5,0195,746

6,1976,7657,3528,5329,457

10,81311,93112,96414.97616,716

17,70218,08218,18118,17118,342

19,60220,60021,80028,77026,800

26,70028,500

3,0078,292

3,4283,6303,6633,7368,678

8,5183,3372,9052,6992,354

2,8182,2452,2482,2782,041

1,9261,5431,3981,166869

648423

102.400100,700

99,80099,000100,00099,60099,700

98,00096,40096,50095.30091,100

90,40087,70087,00085,50082,100

78,00074,30070,40067,00062,200

68,10054,700

12,75918,225

14,53215,60017,23419,17620,604

22,98624,72826,28030,15883,479

36,37737,19987,50537,50887,670

87,66240,37242,60545,31248,108

60,46654,11868,124

5,4125,748

6,1676,5986,9417,1807,071

6,6046,3665,6874,7073,916

8.7113,5618,5013,3853,029

2,8022,1842,0321,6661,186

678441810

60,80061,400

52,40054,00064,70065,98067,660

56,82057,03558,54066,91762,460

49,67048,40047 , 10046,00039,800

36,00032,60028,50027,50028,900

23,80018,70017,200

10,38910,941

11,62912,39213,90215,11916,125

17,24619.00821,36822,54023,372

23,26423,01722,00018,00014,085

13,09812,83712,64513,24618 , 146

12,22612,03811,82712,02518.924

16,66716,98516.98917,20117,284

16,65116,30116,31115,735

2,5222,766

8,0778,4014,0764,6016,290

6,1687,1859,11210,85211,862

12,12412,18711,8069,8568,602

8,3258,5398,7819,4689.824

9,5129,6009,2079.85211,688

13,07214,85814,61814,90116,225

15.16715,81215,65015,83114,674

16.64114,91614,24314,607

9931,142

1,2021,3671.5661,6401,683

1,6581,6611,5281,3561,811

1,2441,2841,176

899652

6S4445889289141

9668458718

1663

6,8747,048

7,2607,6248,2608,8789,202

9,42010,16210,72810.33210,199

9,8869.6469,0197,2454,981

4,2393,8538,4753,4898,179

2,6182,3702,0752,1862,813

2,4792,6222,4682.3002,009

1,484989661404

8,888 1,812 t8,766 1,846 .4

9,189 1,868 •9,858 1,410 0

11.086 1,448 612,022 1,488 112,281 1,411 «

18,846 1,888 a15,251 1.419 717.812 1,416 818.287 1.324 219.119 1.881 C

18.982 1,813 T18,735 1.296 •17,918 1.285 614,501 979 111,302 768 8

10,604 701 S10,262 681 59,985 C62 9

10,436 689 7

10,512 686 S

9,782 642.3

Series Q 342-344. Oil Pipelines Operated and Oil Originated: 1921 to 1957

Year

Milesof lineoperated

841

Oil originated

Crude

343

Refined

Milesof line

operated

342

Oil originated

Crude Refined Yearof line

operated

841

Oil originated

Crude

341

19571956

19561954195319621951

1950.194919481947.1946

19461944.

145,236142,686

140,374188,962138,900182,715181,162

128,689124,984124,092119,298116,544

118,361111,616

Mil. bbl.

2,1832,195

2,0381,8291,8611,8101,774

1,5251,4161,6861,4311,319

1,2921,277

Mil. 661.

868

586502435385846

197841227187154

150147

194319421941

19401939193819371936

198519841938

108,783106,485106,486

100,15698,68195.93896,61293,926

92,08793,07093,724

Mil bbl.

1,128981971

886808798885766

723557538

Mil. bbl.

14492

72706563

4486

19321931

19301929192819271926

19251924192319221921

92,78293,090

88,72885,79681,67676,07072,846

70,00968 , 18564,76067,84955,260

Mil bbL

608489

464

chapter Q

AIR TRANSPORTATION (Series Q 345-397)


Only scattered data on air transportation are available for

years before 1926. Regular collection of national statistics

began with the establishment in that year of an Aeronautics

Branch in the Department of Commerce. In 1934 a Bureau

of Air Commerce was organized in that department. The Civil

Aeronautics Act of 1938 created the Civil Aeronautics Author

ity, an independent regulatory agency, which was reorganized

in 1940 into 2 separate entities, the Civil Aeronautics Board

and the Civil Aeronautics Administration. The latter's annual

Statistical Handbook of Civil Aviation is the source for the

statistics presented here.

Statistics of domestic scheduled airline operations cover

trunk airlines, local service airlines, helicopter carriers, and

territorial airlines except those operating in Alaska. Sched

uled intrastate airlines are not included anywhere, nor are

those operating locally in Alaska. Statistics of international

scheduled airline operations include not only operations to and

from foreign countries but overseas operations to American

possessions. They also include the service of Northwest Air

lines and Pan American World Airways between the United

States and Alaska. Some companies operate in both the do

mestic and the international fields, but the statistics are

segregated.

Operations of scheduled carriers of cargo only are generally

not included.

Q 345-351. Aircraft production and exports, 1913-1957.

Source: Civil Aeronautics Administration, Statistical Hand

book of Civil Aviation, 1958 edition. (A few of the earlier

figures are from the 1945 or 1948 edition.)

Q 352-362. Scheduled air transportation, domestic and inter

national, 1926-1957.


Q 363-375. Scheduled airline revenues and expenses, 1938-

1957.


Q 376-383. Airports, aircraft, pilots, and miles flown, 1926-

1957.


Figures for airports and landing fields (series Q 376-377)

include civil, military, and CAA fields but exclude seaplane

facilities prior to 1953. Growth of airports after 1940 was

stimulated by Federal defense expenditures during the war

and by the Federal-aid airport program thereafter.

Estimates of the number of certificated pilots (series Q 379-

382) refer to persons certificated by CAA in the various classi

fications. Some may not have been actively engaged in the

classification for which they were certificated. The count of

certificated pilots after 1941 is not directly comparable with

the previous years as the Civil Aeronautics Regulations

were amended to permit pilot certificates currently effective on

April 1, 1942, to continue in effect indefinitely. This amend

ment expired on July 1, 1947. The number of commercial

pilots (series Q 381) rises sharply after 1944 because the CAA

awarded many veterans commercial certificates on the basis of

their military flying experience. The number of private pilots

(series Q 382) increased sharply after 1939 because of the

Federally subsidized civilian pilot training program which was

initiated in 1939. It gave preliminary training to hundreds of

thousands of men who went into the military service. Miles

flown (series Q 383) include business flying (by corporate

executives or employees or by individuals, including farmers,

on personal business), commercial flying (contract, charter,

crop-dusting, photographic, etc.), instructional flying, pleasure

flying, and other flying (testing, experimental, ferrying, Civil

Air Patrol, etc.). Separate data on these five categories are

given in the source.

Q 384-397. Air transportation accidents, 1927-1957.


An aircraft accident is considered to be any occurrence,

while the aircraft is operating as such, which results in fatal or

serious injury to persons or appreciable damage to the aircraft.

The aircraft is considered to be "operating as such" from the

time the engine is started for purposes of flight until the flight

is completed; in the case of gliders, while they are under tow

or gliding.

Propeller accidents to persons are included. A collision be

tween two or more aircraft is counted as one accident

Data include military contract operations for 1956 and 1957,

but not for earlier years. Scheduled cargo carriers are in

cluded for 1949-1957, but not for earlier years.

465


Series Q 345-351. Aircraft Production and Exports: 1913 to 1957

[For 1913-1925, production figures represent deliveries)

Production

Number of aircraft produced

Total

345

(•)(•)

S()BQ

m

«17,71786,670

•49,761

"96,818< 85, 898•47,836•26,277

12,8045,856|3,6233,7783,010

For U.S.military

(•)(•)

J

M2,1001,669

•47,714•96,318•85,898•47,836•19,433

' 6,019921925858858

Other 1

6,7467,205

4,8203,8894,1343,5092,477

3,5208,5457,80215,61786,001

2,047

2*1

a»)6,844

6,7864,9352,6982,9152,152

Value ofaU

products 1($1,000)

348

o

|o

o

0Q(')

"8,279,00010 16,047,000

"12,514,000'•6,817,000>• 1,804,000

'•870,000

247,906198,293114,09878,149

Exports •

Aircraft exported •

Number

2,0251,711

1,7141,0531,8771,180894

756881

2,2598,1262,302

7,59916,64413,86510,4486,011

3.5221,220875628627

Value(si.ooo)

248,943171,097

129,924102,73691,00326,62018,606

44,28727,16566,35474,47766,258

663 , 1291.589,8011,216,848879,995422,764

196,26167,11837,97721,07611,602

Value ofall

exports I

($1,000)

351

1,028,7291,064,838

727,549

(')

Q

(•)(■)

163,629172,190115,320

1,148,8522,825,9272,142,6111,857,845626,929

811,871117,80768,22839,40423,143

Year

1935..1984. .1933..1932. .1931..

1930..1929..1928..1927..1926..

1925..1924..1923..1922..1921..

1920..1919..1918..1917..1916..

1915..1914..1913..

Production

Number of aircraft produced

Total

345

1,7101,6151,3241,8962,800

3.4376,1934,3461,9951,186

789877743263487

328780

14,0202,148

411

1784a43

For U.S.military

336393331500853

836779847609478

445

317687226389

256682

13.9912,013

142

261614

Other '

1,3741,222

993896

1,947

2,6016,4148,4991,386

708

34460568748

729829136

1623429

Value ofaU

products 1($1,000)

348

42,60643,89283,35734,86148,640

60,84691,06164,66230,89717,695

12,775

(')13,142

(7)

7,431

m ,14,378|

<

(')790

(')

Exports 1

Aircraft exported *

Number

349

3334904062801140

8213481626350

8059488748

668520135

1523429

Value($1,000)

350

6,5998,196]6.3914,3591,813

4,8205,4851,760849303

511413309157315

598778206

1,0022,158

95818982

Value ofall

exports*($1,000)

351

14,29117,6639,1807,9474.868

8,8189,1253,6651,9041,027

784798

1,16318,1679,0844.1357,002

1.541226108

Civil1 Identified as "Shipments of complete civilian aircraft" for 1948-1957 :Aeronautics Administration, Statistical Handbook of Civil Aviation, 1958 edition.

' Value of aircraft, engines, parts, parachutes, etc.> 1918-1918, fiscal years, 1919-1967, calendar years. Data for the second half of

1918 are included with calendar year 1919.* Exclusive of gliders and barrage balloons. 1949-1957, civil aircraft only.• Total value of aircraft, engines, parts, etc. 1913-1921 include values of aircraft

and aircraft parts. Prior to 1922. engine values were not reported separately but wereprobably included with either "other" internal combustion engines or with "parts"of aircraft. Values for parachutes and their parts have been included only since 1932.

• Data not available for security reasons.

1 Not available.• Includes U.S.-financed aircraft manufactured in Canada.

• Includes military aircraft for Lend-Lease shipments.io Values are for military aircraft produced in the United States only. These data

were computed by the War Production Board in terms of August 1943 unit cost. Thevalues are not meant to measure output at current prices or expenditures. The 1940figure is only for the second half of that year; the 1946 figure covers only the first

8 months." No production other than military.

466

AIR TRANSPORTATION Q 352-362

Series Q 352-362. Scheduled Air Transportation, Domestic and International: 1926 to 1957

[As of December 81 or for year ending December 81. All data reflect scheduled operations exclusively)

Averagepassenger-revenue

perpassenger-

mile

Number ofoperators

AircraftIn service

Routemileage

Persons

Yearemployed

352 353 354 355 356

1957DOMESTIC

80 1.494 ■88,825 $0.0530 119.333

80 1,347 ■84,189 .0632 103,489

1966 31 1,212 ■78,992 .0535 95.5481964 _ 82 1,176 ■78,294 .0640 84,766

32 1,189 •78,884 .0546 84,651

36 1,078 ■77,894 .0555 79,687

38 981 •78,913 .0560 72,898

88 960 •77,440 .0565 61,903

87 913 ■72,667 .0576 59,886

1948 31 878 •68,702 .0576 60,416

28 810 ■62,215 .0606 58,998

1946 24 674 •63,981 .0463 69,182

20 421 •48,616 .0496 50,313

19 288 47,384 .0636 81.198

19 204 42,537 .0527 29,654

19 186 41,696 .0628 26.910

19 370 46,163 .0504 19,223

1940 _ 19 369 42,767 .0507 15,984•18 •276 •36.654 .0510 •10,639

'16 1 260 '34,879 .0618 '9,008

22 291 32,006 .056 7,586

24 280 29,797 .057 7,079

26 363 29,190 .067 5,946

24 423 28,609 .059 4,201

25 418 28,283 .061 4,369

1932 32 456 28,956 .061 4,020

1981 89 490 30,857 .067 4,314

48 497 30,293 .083 2,778

1929L 38 442

M

.12 1,958

34 268 .11 "1,496

1927 18 (**) c) .1061926.. 18 (") .12

1957INTERNATIONAL

14 170 133,884 .0667 27,867

1956 IS 196 118,694 .0670 28,014

1955 16 147 114,005 .0668 26,655

16 161 112,488 .0679 24,776

1963 14 161 111,826 .0687 24,741

1952 13 149 110,465 .0704 24,385

1951 12 140 108,768 .0710 22,866

12 160 106,401 .0728 20,883

1949 13 177 109,011 .0772 21,108

13 176 105,853 .0801 24,192

1947 12 164 95,503 .0777 26,164

1946 9 147 66,419 .0881 27,872

1945 4 97 88,885 .0867 17,968

8 70 29,708 .0782 11,409

1943 8 70 27,211 .0792 9,625

1942 8 68 (■•) .0886 12,808

1941 3 83 !■•) .0861 7,286

1940 3 68 52,322 .0883 6,067

1989 2 84 43,455 .0857 6,275

1938 2 78 34,968 .0883 4,266

1937 2 92 81,979 4,000

1936.. 2 94 31,990 2,916

1985 22

1019986108100

31,26122,19219,40419.67419,643

2,4072,2761,9261,6901,863

19841983-.- a

aa

19821981

1930 a 1088357

19,256 6978871929 4

1928 ll

(")('•)

1927.. .

81926

Revenuemilesflown

784,752.000687,617,000

620,720,000550,648,000518,682,000458,668,848406,105,269

364,256,468351,646,414838,216,788325,054,389809,888,684

208,969,279138,732,219105,364,810111,340,622134.405,886

110,101,08982,924,92268,610,14366,791,07964,807,480

55,918,15141,525,66749,256,32045,893,52243,109,166

82,644,70322,728,86910,527,8705.856,1894,818,087

156.692.000146,903,000

131,535,000116,668,000110,052,000103,500,43597,664,162

93,830,809104,525,88498,053,44186,481,08259,876.572

32,608,70422,272,63818,457,86418,681,05914,410,358

9,651,7337.607,4747.042.5037,909,1686,904,246

7,949,5477,539,1065,867,1635,278,3654,537,241

4,800.5002,412,630

145,68014,300

Revenue passengerscarried

Duplicated 1

3,848,882

2,802,7811,784,7621,197,100985,084931,683

678,549•475,461•502,218•476,041•472,438

•384,506• 161,933•48,312•8,679•5,782

< 48,464.00041,788,000

38,026,00082,843,00028,721,00025,009,81522,652,179

17,845,00016,080,70418,168,09512,890.20812,213,446

6,676.2524,046,9668.019,7368,136,766•3,464,000

•2,623,000

'1,561,000'1,077,000

'887,000

Un-duplicated 1

359

•4,422,000

8,949,000

3,416,0002,875,0002,699,0002,865,2232,041,807

1,676,4771,520,0671,372.8561,359,7121,041,283

476,658341,496279,402269,345228.624

162,617129,028109,265

•112,324•87,723

•111,296•96,804•74,394•71,519•59,224

•82.999•11,472•1,401

Revenue

milesflown(1.000)

360

25.339,56022,861,824

19,819,22116,768.70614,760,30912,528,31810,566,182

8,002.8256,752,6225,980,9936,109,5086.947,956

3,362,4552,178,2071,634,1861,418,0421,884,733

1,052,156682 , 904479,844411,545■438,989

■316,836

'189,806■ 174,820■127,433• 106,952

•85,125

5,769,4726,126,062

4,420,1663,749,6343,385,5633.021,0012,699,847

2,206,8962,063,9981,888,9971,810,0451,100,741

447,968310,574244,229286,956162,824

99,79571,84553,208

•53,742•41,829

•46,085•36,844

'24,966•20,764•14,171

•18,622

Ton-miles flown

Expressand freight

266.483.000246,131,000

228.072,000188.271,000177,928,000160,825,972

143,624,865

151.861,080123,001,662101,876,56064,678,21338,610,717

22,196,85216.991,59815,636,81111,900,8325,268,661

3,476,2242,713,0992,182,4202,162,4881,866.798

1,097,602'•597,293'•422,860'•289,512>• 220,657

'• 100,666'•69,898'•58,918'• 12,841

'•996

123,336,000109,839.000

90,969,00082.332,00074,801,00072,673,86971,091,446

60,562,56856,158,64446,592,80132,896,41315,090,468

8,717,6116,207,1875,088,326

1 Duplication exists where (a) the same passengers were carried on more than 1route of an air carrier; and (b) where the same passengers were carried by more than1 air carrier.

• Duplication has been eliminated where the same passengers were carried on more

than 1 route of an air carrier, but still exists where toe same passengers were carriedby more than 1 air carrier.

1 Based on revised CAB procedures.* Enplaned passengers not strictly comparable to previous years due to change in

CAB reporting procedure.' Computed by CAA from reports of duplicated revenue passengers.

• Excludes Marine.

' Excludes Colonial and Marine.• Includes nonrevenue passenger-miles flown.

' Includes nonrevenue passengers.10 Excludes Colonial Airlines, Inc., and Hawaiian Airlines, Ltd." Excludes 224,236 ton-miles flown by U.S. Army." Excludes Colonial Airlines, Inc." Not available." Includes employees of Pan American Airways." Included with domestic air I

467


Series Q 363-375. Scheduled Airline Revenues and Expenses: 1938 to 1957

[In thousands of dollars. Figures in italics denote loss]

Year

19671956

195519541968 —19621961

19601949194819471946 ._

19461944...194819421941

194019891988

INTERNATIONAL

19671956 -.

19661964 •

196819521961

19501949194819471946

19451944194319421941

194019891988

Operating revenues

Total

Ml

1,515,1461,841,782

1,201,2661,042,798987,482817,680702,366

667,808486,034434,295364,840316,233

214,743160,928123,105108,24997,811

76,86465,94842,846

496,896•463,641

886,167859,491887,711315,141287,936

260,131274,165249,234209,009146,764

69,11138,88282,83940,87037,990

26,92219,65315,153

Passenger

1,342,6791,188,842

1,060,590906,840803,869695,456691,187

444,506388,931343,290308,576275,694

166,620116,44187,48174,81969.791

63,80834,84424,861

378,868< 348,841

296,442254,653232,867212,581184,692

160,672168,480151,338140,66291,417

38,86924,28719,33420,97114,021

8,8126,1664,435

Mail(includingsubsidy)

69,67661,922

55,53665,72664,48458,88767,422

63,78869,33359,30929,44520,982

33,69433,31724,21323,47022,696

20,09018,48216,798

28,919•36,232

27,22149,19163,74651,53258,218

65,68975,19757,33132,30025,061

12,2462,8893,6249,03916,478

13,43911,0668,699

Expressand

freight

67,22862,722

61,10249,90147,79142,82886,914

86,12227,98724,37219,37813,620

10,8858,3068,8826,9782,919

2,0781,6191,278

41,588•86,813

82,01329 , 78427,88526,91025,246

21,66422 , 12720,80917,62611,418

7,8156,4054,4014,3191,475

618562

Excessbaggage

367

18,45414,991

12,16810,6318,7047,3486,069

6,0774,4523,9533,6722,993

,031,720,260

7M

661846

9,127•8,191

7,3856,9975,2484,8223,809

3,2444,1784,1354,3883,296

1,5711,066808

306237219

Other

MS

17,18913,240

11,85610,68012,62213,15210,788

9,8105,3318,3713,8698,044

1,397888

1,3091,7221,139

07657625

38,390•30,065

23,09318,86618,45419,29020,977

18,86214,17815,62114,14316,667

9,1205,2354,6775,6056,639

3,4721,5811,338

Operating

Total

Ml

1,473,6651,242,438

1,077.122941,582850,448723,409696,363

494,646461,783431,634386,199822,219

180,626124,62296,66384,36689,919

•70,897

'61,392■43,866

469,005420,766

366,562333,337318,489304,423269,866

248,823252,863285,287209,294139,843

61,76639,22732,07935,22336,809

26,66618,20114,303

Aircraft

Total

906,312751,237

551,626487,876438,088861,464287,942

241,060223,193199,991169,165129.260

45,15034.61386,392

35,17926,29424,987

272,768237,901

171,427157,728151,308146,965129,221

122,776122,334110,99893,76652,045

22,91813,85311,992

i

8

Flying

371

464,614877,248

823,220279,971253,091208,665173,028

141,816127,398109,63688,84070,410

43,42128.23820,73921.86627,392

22,09815,80914,787

147,068129,058

108,95499,04491,75187,44275,102

70,98072,34767,16853.18982,027

15,2978,4718,074

A

now

Directmaintenanceflightequipment

372

> 289 , 546•261,679

185,487110,299102,40192,69671,687

67,84154,02849,03542,90388,273

16,39311,8939,1328,6649,789

7,4965,6516.845

'74,678■78,497

84,86730,85632,82733,04329,856

26,15826,31124,24121,99711.064

5,1993,0302.174

B

mww

Depreciationflightequipment

373

152,152112,816

92,91997,10682,69660,10343,232

41,40841,76741,32087,42225,667

9,4095,0194,7426,8627,751

6,6904,8344,906

51,02285,846

27,60627,82826,73026,48024,263

25,68823,67619,58918,5808,954

2,4221,8521,744

i

Groundand

indirectexpense

174

567,345491,192

626,498454 ,200412,356361,939807,421

253,586288,540231,643217,034192,969

111,40379,37260,95047,97444,987

85,02824,69218,878

196,414182,863

196,186175.610167,178157,456140,644

126,647180,529124,294115,52887,798

38,84725,87420,087

si

formerly reported as ground snd indirectoperating expenses for Colonial, for which "

i available.

■ Excludes Colonial,by type • Excludes Midet due to

• Not available.in reporting.

468

AIR TRANSPORTATION Q 376-383

Series Q 376-383. Airports, Aircraft, Pilots, and Miles Flown: 1926 to 1957

[As of December 81 or for yean ending December 31, except as noted)

Airports and landing fields

Totalcivil

aircraft

Certificated airplane pilots Milesflown in

civil flyingother thanscheduledair carrier

Year Total Lighted TotalAirline

transportPrivate

376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383

2,000

1967 > 6.412 '1,713 "98,189 702,619 16,900 237,149 448,470 1,426,2861966-- '7,028 '1,399 "87,581 669,079 15,295 221,096 432,688 "1,815,000

1966 6,839 1,247 "86,320 648,201 13,700 211,142 418,369 '1,216,0001964 6.977 1,108 "92,067 613,695 13,341 201,441 398,913 1,119,2951968.. '6,760 • 1,050 "91,102 585,974 12,757 196,363 377,854 1,045,3461962 6.042 1.858 "89,813 581.218 11,857 193,575 376,286 972,0661961 6,237 (•) "88,545 580,574 10,818 197,900 371,861 975,480

1960 6,403 1,670 "92,809 (•) («) (•) '1,061,6001949 6,484 1,480 '92,622 525,174 9,025 187,769 328,380 1,128.9921948 6,414 1,521 «95,997 '491,306 '7,762 ' 176,845 '306,699 1,469,540

5.759 1,447 '94,821 •438,241 •7,069 •181,912 •244,270 1,502,4204,490 1,019 '81,002 400,061 7,654 208,251 189,156 874,740

1945 4,026 1,007 87,789 296,895 6,816 162,873 128,207 W1944 8,427 964 27,919 183,383 8,046 68,449 111,888 (•)

1943 2,769 859 27,180 173.206 2,815 63,940 106,951 (•)

1942 2.809 700 27,170 166,626 2,177 56,760 108,689 293 , 5931941 2,484 662 26,013 129,947 1,587 34,578 98,782 346,303

1940 2,331 776 17,928 69,829 1,431 18,791 49,607 264,0001939 2,280 786 13,772 33 , 706 1,197 11,677 20,832 177,868

2,874 719 11,169 22,983 1,159 7,839 13,985 129,8592,299 720 10,836 17,681 1,064 6,411 10,206 103,1962,342 706 9,229 16.962 842 7,288 7,822 93,820

1935 2,368 698 9,072 14,805 736 7,362 6,707 84,7661984 -.- 2,297 664 8,822 13,949 676 7,484 5,789 75,602

1933 2,188 626 9,284 13,960 654 7,635 5,771 71,2232,117 701 10,324 18,594 330 7,967 10.297 78,179

1981 - 2,093 680 10,780 17,739 ('•) 8,513 9,226 94,348

1980 1,782 640 9,818 15,280 (") 7,847 7,483 108,2701929. 1,550 (•) 9,922 10,430 (">) 6,165 4,265 110,0001928 1,864 59 5.104 4.887 ('°) (•) (•) 60,0001927.. _ 1,036

22,740 1,672 (10) (•) (•) 80,000

1926 (') m 18,747

' Continental United States, and Territories and possessions. ' As of May 1, 1949.' Includes gliders. • As of Apr. 1, 1948.• Active and inactive. • Not available. No surveys made during war years, because the Civil Air Regu-

4 Data estimated from trend since no ' jil survey was conducted for this year. lations were amended and aircraft owners were not required to submit reports.• As of Mar. 1, 1954. '• Airline transport rating became effective May 5, 1932.• Not available.

488910 O - 60 - 31 469


Series Q 384-397. Air Transportation Accidents: 1927 to 1957

Domestic scheduled air carriers 1

Total

884

Number offatalaccidents

Total

ger-fatail-ties

Plane-milesflownperfatal

accident

187

fatalii

per100 million

milesflown 1

International scheduled air carriers 1

Totalaccidents

Numberof

fatalaccidents

Total

ger-fatali-

tiSS

391

Plane-milesflownperfatal

accident

Passenger-fatalities

per100 millionpassenger-

milesflown

Itt

Non-air-carrier flying operat

Totalaccident*

884

Fatalaccidents

SM

Fatali-

8M

■53

55

•48• 49

374445

39355644S3

40302323

n

so28234265

58

71100108118

881248525

4

4

84

56

11

558

88

81618

92111

4

32148

156168648148

88968319976

7848225535

SG9254044

16178

1925

841414

1

208,014,212178,967,936

80,042,626141,123,166

107,381,64679,600,92789,051,614

96,123,79544,622,00367,889,56540,832,06234,633,123

26,171,11127,768,03352,716,60022,354,93683,729,240

86,837,89041,616,81013,818,74013,368,2168,038,485

6,989,7695,190,7086,472,9242,868,3463,316,090

8,627,1891,082,327957,079

1,464,047

0.10.8

0.80.10 60.41.8

1.11.31.33.21.8

8.12.2133.78.8

8.01.84.58.810.0

4.78.04.814.923.4

28.2

•8

8

5581110

6812

'20

10231

2023

8

21101

oi312

02011

•36

0

8o

89431

480442040

17171008

0107

112

04061

0

89,812,240 0.6

144,921,621 0.04

59,260,08736,275,652102,634,782

47,956,761

0.18.01.1

8.1

60,144,89929,892,13630,355,567

16,304,35222,272,63818,467,864

8.7s.as.s

14,410,368 1.2

7,042,5032,847,5017,909,1583,462,123

12.818.013.94.8

3,769,553 10.9

6,278,3664,537,241

28.97.1

4,2023,474

3,3483,3813,2323,6673,824

4,6055,4697,8609,2537,618

4,6623,348

B.8718,8244,262

8,4712,2221,8611,9001,674

1,6031,4911,5891,9362,197

2,0291,5861,036263

428

sss

884393387401441

499562850882690

888169167143217

232203176184155

181184177207251

30028721595

800

ass

81*684635691750

871896

1,3841,3521,009

508257257220312

315274280261

253323299318398

504457362146

1 Includes scheduled revenue operators only.

1 Rates computed on basis of total passengers carried and passenger miles flownrevenue and nonrevenue. Applies to passenger-carrying service only.

* Excludes accident near Daggett, Calif., July 25, 1957; 1 passenger fatality, ibomb explosion.

• Includes 1 accident resulting in fatal injury to 4

1 Excludes sabotage disaster at Longmont, Colo., on Nov. 1, 1955 in which 5 crewmembers and 89 passengers were fatally injured.

1 Includes 1 ground collision between 2 air-carrier aircraft, 1 in scheduled passenger service and 1 in other revenue operations.

' No operational statistics for nonscheduled and personal flying are available (or

1943, 1944, and 1946.

470

Documents

Historical statistics of the United States, Colonial Times ......legally as "steam railways," most train and switching opera tions are now performed by Diesel locomotives, and some