History 421 Ancient Roman History Review Top Ten Things to study for Ancient Rome 10. 753 BC Foundations/origins of Rome

who, when, where, and how

early difficulties/solutions 509 BC Republic of Rome

social groups

government (consuls, assembly of centuries and senate)

government reform (tribunes, assembly of tribes)

law (XII Tables) 9. Roman Expansion

Punic Wars (Carthage, Rome, Sicily, Spain, Hannibal, Alps, Cannae, Scipio, Cato, Zama)

army organization

Eastern expansion (Mare nostrum - our sea) 8. Decline of the Republic

provincial corruption

latifundia

overcrowding in cities, increased poor

new social class (equites - new rich)

Republican Reformers

Gracchi brothers

Marius and Sulla (important military reform)

First Triumvirate (Pompey, Crassus and Caesar)

7. Ides of March 44 BC

who, what, when, how and why

Second Triumvirate

Antony, Lepidus and Octavian

end of the Republic

6. Augustus: Roman Empire

first emperor

pax Romana

“found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble”

changes in government, law and army

5. Julian emperors

the bad, the more bad and the ugly bad (Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero)

4. Good Emperors

good being a relative term (not so good for the Christians)

Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius 3. Christians

origin

reasons for rapid growth

reasons for persecution

early church organization

2. Decline of Empire

signs of political and economic decline

Reformers and reforms (Diocletian, Constantine, Theodosius)

barbarian invasions (Goths and Huns)

Alaric (AD 410), Vandals (AD 455) Odoacer (AD 476)

1.Places to Go, People to See.