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History and Present status of Implant Dentistry

July 31, 2011 | By neuron arc | Reply More

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Ancient Implants•16 th Dark stone( Egyptian-South American)•17 th Carved ivory teethEarly Implants•1809 Gold implant•e.20th Lead, iridium, tantalum, stainless steel, and cobalt alloy•1913 hollow basketiridium + gold wires(Greenfield)

Early Implants•1937 Adams’s submergible threaded cylindrical implant with round bottom•1938 Strock’s (long term) threaded vitallium implant(cobalt+chrome+molybdenum)•The modern implants appear to be variants or composites of some of the designs of early implantsSubperiosteal Implants•Placing implants on and around bone rather than in it•1943 Dahl of Sweden placed with 4 projecting posts•Direct bone impression•Cobalt-chrome-molybdenum casting•CT-generated CAD-CAM modelOne-stage pins and screws•Early 1960s pin, screw, and cylinder shaped implants•One piece and not submerged•Did not osseo-integration•Fibrous peri-implant membrane•Shock-absorbing claimBlade Implants•1967 Linkow blade implant-in narrow ridge•Required shared support with natural teeth•1970 Roberts and Roberts – Ramus blade implant (titanium)Transosteal Implants•1975 Small introduced transosteal mandibular staple bone plate•Limited to mandible only•1970 Cranin – single transosteal implant•1989 Bosker – transmandibular implant•The First Dental Implant Consensus Conference, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Harvard University in1978, was a landmark event.“ Dental Implants: Benefits and Risks”•The Toronto Conference opened the door to prompt widespread recognition of the Branemark implant.•The discovery of osseointegration has been one of the most significant scientific break throughs in dentistry.

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Endosteal root-form implants•1978 Two-stage threaded titanium root-form implant was first presented in North America by Branemark (Toronto conference)•Terms “fixture”•First fixture was placed in 1965•Well-documented, long term prospective studyPresent Status•Three Basic:“ In Bone”

“Through Bone”“On Bone”

“In Bone”•1. Ramus concepts (Harold and Ralph Roberts)•2. Pin concepts (J. Scialomà Michelle Chercheve)•3. Disk concepts (Gerard Scorteci)•4. Plateform concepts (Harold + Roberts/Linkow)•5. Cylindrical or root form conceptsPresent Status•Many other root-forms have been introduced.•Body shaped competition•Surface competition – roughness•Varieties competition•Connection competition

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