Expedition organization: Martin Jakobsson, Stockholm University Larry Mayer, CCOM, University of New Hampshire Alan Mix, Oregon State University Participating organizations: Stockholm University, Sweden CCOM, University of New Hampshire, USA Oregon State University, USA British Antarctic Survey, UK Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Greenland Aarhus University, Denmark Logistical support: Swedish Polar Research Secretariat Swedish Maritime Administration

Ryder 2019 Expedition History and Stability of Ryder Glacier and the Marine Cryosphere of Southern Lincoln Sea

Ryder Glacier Has a floating ice tongue Is a surge type glacier Was first surveyed by Lauge Koch in 1917

Fahnestock et al., 1992

• Arctic Ocean 1991

• Arctic Ocean 1996

• Arctic Ocean 2001

• Arctic Ocean 2002

• ACEX – 2004

• Beringia 2005

• AGAVE 2007

• LOMROG 2007

• ASCOS 2008

• Multibeam SAT (2007, 2008)

• LOMROG 2009

• EAGER 2011

• LOMROG 2012

• SWERUS-C3 (2014)

• Petermann (2015)

• Arctic Ocean 2016

Multibeam

Multibeam + midwater

Ryder 2019

Petermann 2015

IB Oden Expeditions

Swedish Research Council (VR) projects: History and Stability of the Marine Cryosphere in Northwestern Greenland, Martin Jakobsson PI (2017-2020) Late Quaternary chronology of Arctic Ocean sediments, Matt O’Regan PI (2017-2020) Melting marine gas hydrates – Predicting seafloor methane gas release in a warming world, Christian Stranne PI (2019-2022) FORMAS project: Ocean-induced changes at calving glacier margins: data, uncertainty, and simulation, Nina Kirchner PI (2018-2020) Strategic support from Stockholm University and Univ. of New Hampshire for ship operational costs Pending NSF application, PI Alan Mix

Swedish components of the Ryder 2019 Expedition are linked to the following projects:

There will be an opportunity to apply for additional Swedish components on the Ryder 2019 Expedition. To be announced by SPRS There are opportunities to bring autonomous observatory devices that can be operated by SPRS technicians.

Ryder 2019 Expedition sub-themes and logistical work packages (WP):

Scientific Subthemes 1. Sea ice 2. Glacial history and dynamics 3. Oceanography 4. Arctic Ocean sediment

chronology 5. Paleoceanography 6. Gas hydrates and permafrost 7. Sea level

Shipboard Work Packages 1. Geophysical mapping (GM) 2. Autonomous/remote mapping (AM) 3. Water column imaging (WC) 4. Sediment coring (SC) 5. Sediment processing (SP) 6. Oceanography (OC) 7. Land mapping (LM)

Ryder 2019 Expedition Scientific purpose and aims • Patterns and causes of sudden dynamic changes of the marine cryosphere

• Potential contribution to global sea-level rise from the northern sector of the

Greenland Ice Sheet in a warming climate

• History and dynamic roles of floating ice shelves and sea ice

• Geological control on the retreat dynamics of the northern Greenland Ice Sheet

16/11/2018 /Martin Jakobsson, Department of Geological Sciences

Icebreaker Oden Petermann Expedition 2015

The Ryder 2019 Expedition continues from The Petermann 2015 Expedition with IB Oden

Sweden-US collaboration around IB Oden

Sediment coring Piston/gravity/multi

Seismic profiling GI gun, 210 cu, 48 chan/300 m

Land surveying sea level change, ecology, boulder dating

Ice Shelf Drilling Oceanography

Seafloor mapping

Petermann 2015 components

Near shore mapping

Sediment coring Piston/gravity/multi

Seismic profiling GI gun, 210 cu, 48 chan/300 m

Land surveying sea level change, ecology, boulder dating

Ice Shelf Drilling Oceanography

Seafloor mapping

Ryder 2019 components

Near shore mapping

Unmanned mapping

Mapping systems

IB Oden Ship length: 109 m Multibeam: KM EM122, 1°x1°, 12 kHz (Depth range: 20-11000 m) Sub-bottom profiler: KM SBP120, 3°x3°, 2-7 kHz Midwater split beam: KM EK60, 18 kHz

RV Skidbladner Ship length: 6.4 m Multibeam: KM EM2040, 1°x1°, 200-400 kHz (Depth range: 0.5-550 m) Sub-bottom profiler: EA 600, 15 kHz

(KM=Kongsberg Maritime)

Remote controlled mapping

16/11/2018 / Name name, Institution or similar

Stockholm university coring system that. Here rigged in different modes

Rigged as piston corer, 9 m long Loaded with 1215 kg weights, total weight of corer ca 1600 kg.

Rigged as gravity corer, 6 m long Few hundred kilos loaded on core head

Rigged as gravity corer, smaller diameter, 6 m long. No weights loaded on core head

Sediment coring

1. Loss of ice tongue 2. Retreat to ∼800 m water depth 3. MICI

What controls stability? - Shape of seafloor - Warming ocean - Ice shelf buttressing - Iceberg calving - Geology

Ice Sheet System Model - state-of-the-art, high-

resolution ice dynamics, calving, ice-ocean, data assimilation, …

Models toothless w/o constraints from data What data? - Bathymetry (Oden) - Geophysics (Oden) - Sediment cores (Oden) - Oceanography (Oden) - Ice flow (remote sensing) - Atmosphere (model)

Modelling N. Greenland: Petermann Glacier and beyond Areas below sea level reach far inland

Mor

lighe

m e

t al.

2018

N. Greenland bed topography Petermann ice flow

Ice shelf collapse under (past or future) warming?

TODAY ---------> FUTURE?

Åkesson, Jakobsson, Morlighem, in prep.

Acoustic oceanography: Spatial mapping oceanic features far beyond CTD casts

Exploring the

unknown marine

termination of

Northern

Greenland’s second

largest outlet

glacier

Thule-Thule

Start mid August

End mid-end of

September

Modelled fjord bathymetry based on shorelines and continuation from under ice topography. No existing multibeam bathymetry.

BedMachine v3 bathymetry including IB Oden Petermann 2015 survey: Morlighem, M., incl. Hogan, K., Jakobsson, M., Mayer, L., Zinglersen, K. B., 2017, BedMachine v3: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 44 (21), 11,051-011,061.

Bathymetric sills?

Grounding Zone?

Open data and new bathymetric models!

How is Seabed 2030 organized?

RDACC North Pacific-Arctic Ocean: Stockholm University (SU)/University of New Hampshire (UNH)

RDACC Southern Ocean: Alfred Wegener Institute of Polar and Marine Research (AWI)

RDACC South and West Pacific Ocean: The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)

GDACC: National Oceanography Centre (NOC)/British Ocanographic Data Centre (BODC)

CU

NOC/BODC UNH

RDACC Atlantic and Indian oceans: Columbia University (CU)

Bildnummer 1Bildnummer 2Bildnummer 3Bildnummer 4Bildnummer 5Bildnummer 6Ryder 2019 Expedition�Scientific purpose and aimsBildnummer 8Bildnummer 9Bildnummer 10Mapping systems�Bildnummer 12Bildnummer 13Bildnummer 14Bildnummer 15Bildnummer 16Bildnummer 17Bildnummer 18Bildnummer 19