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Doing JusticeDoing Justice
History & Demographic Structure ofPhila. Mapping Angles
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Sections: Philadelphia Population: Statewide Historical
Context Choropleth maps
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and nearby Time trend
Philly itself: Spatial History Map choices
Law Behaving 1920s Delinquency Data
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United States Census
U.S. Constitution Requires census of population Every ten years Used for redistricting House of Representatives 1790-2000
Methods changed over years Can use Census Figures for Historical Trends
http://www.census.gov/main/www/aboutus.html
Census HQ in Maryland
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Pennsylvania Counties
Pennsylvania CountiesPittsburgh is within Allegheny County
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History of Pennsylvania Population by CountyUsing Maps
Legend How many groups? What are ranges within each group?
Map type: choropleth map “shows numerical data … for a group of regions by (1) grouping the data into classes, and (2) shading each class on the map.”
Prentice Hall. “Making maps with GIS.” http://wps.prenhall.com/
esm_clarke_gsgis_4/0,7300,473320-,00.html
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1790Population
ByCounty
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1850Population
ByCounty
Note legend change
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1900Population
ByCounty
Note legend change again
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1950Population
ByCounty
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2000 Population By County
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Philadelphia: more detail over time
Line charts X Axis (horizontal): organizing variable (time) Y axis (vertical): variable being measured (population)
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Stea
dy g
rowth
, 184
0-19
30
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Peak population
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Sources of growth?
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Sources of growth?
Immigration Foreign Domestic
Growth of Jobs Manufacturing Commerce (ship, railroad)
Incorporation Surrounding towns incorporated (1854)
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Compared to Pittsburgh (Allegheny Co.)?
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When didPittsburgh’s
Steady Growth Begin?
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1880
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Did Pittsburgh every reach 2 million?
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From 1880 to 1930, where Philly and Pittsburgh adding about the same number of people every year?
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Since theTwo lines
ArePARALLEL
Over time,We will say yes
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What was happening in Philadelphia’s two adjoining counties to the west? Delaware Montgomery?
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As late as 1930,The population in eachWas only about _____
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Sections: Philadelphia Population: Statewide Historical Context
Choropleth maps Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and nearby
Time trend Philly itself: History Map and demographic data within Philly
Choices Modifiable areal unit problem
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Philadelphia
1681
Small
port city on
Delaware River
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The Old Commercial Center?
Hard to pinpoint Approximate: Customs house would be nearby
Foreign vessels
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Carpenters Hall, Custom’s House 1801-1817Between. 3rd, 4th below Chestnut St.
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x
LowerDockAreaX =
CarpenterHall
Circle=Society
Hill,OldeCity
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Over time, the harbor spread
Both to the north and south
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As it spread, warehousesAnd canneriesAnd cheap housing forImmigrants working in harborOr related industries grew up
Over time became substandard,Increasingly crowded.
Often, only housing affordable forBottom rung workers
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Over time, housingExpands outward,Back from harbor;Along major routes,Horse drawn trolley,Then trolley
Newer housing more $
As housing ages, it Gets cheaper
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Same time,Downtown expanding
Businesses takingOver Poor
Residential districts
DowntownExpands to
Meet IncreasingPopulation to be Served
In the city andbeyond
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because ….Different types of people live in different placesEbenezer Maxwell Mansion,
Chestnut Hill
Vacant Houses, West Philadelphia
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Social Space maps onto physical space
1930 Status Differences across Election wards
Variable: Median Rent from 1930 Census 4 groups 11 wards each DARK = HI RENT
LIGHT = LOW RENT
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PBS NewsHour 10/2/202
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/entertainment/july-dec02/hwl_10-2.html#
Mayor Street’s Neighborhood Transformation Initiative