History of Arts Report

8/13/2019 History of Arts Report

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Early 20th Century ArtModernism


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The Evolution of Modernism and The

Avant-Garde The avant-garde is considered by some to be a

hallmark of modernism, as distinct frompostmodernism.

Modernism rejected and challenged anythingtraditional

Searched for new ways to communicate about themodern world


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EXAMPLES:Dutch Interior is based ona seventeenthcenturypainting depicting a luteplayer in a domesticinterior. Mir bought apostcard reproduction atAmsterdam and greatly

accentuated someelements of Sorghscomposition, the lute andthe mans head andruffled collar in particular,while diminishing others.

The Lute PlayerSorgh depicts a young dandy with a double-necked luteserenading the unimpressed recipient of his affections in a gatedveranda before an urban setting. The painting is obviously replete

with references to love and courtship.


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Franz's oil on canvass

work, "Fate of theAnimals" is a dynamicbut a bleak piece of artdepicting the

devastation of nature.Franz Marc lovedanimals, both wild anddomestic. The paintingis said to be a

prediction of the FirstWorld War.


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The Dance The painting shows

five dancing figuresreflects Matisse's

incipient fascinationwith primitive art, anduses a classic Fauvistcolor palette.


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The Two Fridas

Paintings based on

personal emotionsshortly after herdivorced from DiegoRivea.On the right, thepart which was

respected and loved byDiego, is the MexicanFrida in Tehuanacostume. On the left, amore rather European

Frida in a lacy whiteVictorian weddingdress, the Frida thatDiego abandoned.


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Guernica is paintedas an immediate

reaction to theNazis devastatingcasual bombingpractice on theBasque town

Guernica duringSpanich Civil War. Italso shows thetragedies of warand the suffering it

inflicts uponindividuals,particularlyinnocent civilians.


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Major Early 20th Century

Art Movements Fauvism Expressionism

Cubism

Futurism

De Stijl

Suprematism / Constructivism

Dadaism Surrealism


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Futurism an artistic and social movement that originated

in Italy in the early 20th century

emphasized and glorified themes associated withcontemporary concepts of the future

Publishing manifestos was a feature of Futurism, andthe Futurists (usually led or prompted by Marinetti)wrote them on many topics, including painting,

architecture, religion, clothing and cooking.


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Umberto Boccioni Unique Forms of Continuity

in Space, 1913

Made of Bronze Expression of movement

and fluidity

Symbolic of Dynamic

modern life Figure movie ahead in a

brave, new world


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Giacomo Balla

Dynamism of a Dogon a Leash, 1921

The effect of motion

by repeating shapes

Several differentviews at the sametime


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Suprematism

an art movement, focused onbasic geometric forms

Limited range of colors Non-objective (no recognizable image)

Based on inner feelings


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Kazimir Malevich Suprematist

Composition:Airplane Flying, 1951

Medium: oil oncanvas

Dimensions: 58.1 x48.3 cm


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Constructivism

Originated in Russia, 1919

An artistic and architectural philosophy

Experimented with new materials Moving toward the future


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Vladimir Tatlin

Monument to the ThirdInternational, 1919-1920

Material: iron, glass, and steel

Symbol of modernity

would have dwarfedthe Eiffel Tower in Paris


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De Stijl

Means the style

Formed by a group of young artist in Holland in 1917

Believed in birth of a new age

Integration of art and life

Focus on universal, rather than the individual


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Piet Mondrian

Composition in Red,Blue, and Yellow, 1930

Oil on canvas

One of the founders ofthe de stijl movement

Influenced by Cubism


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Comparison


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Dadaism Random word chosen from a French-German

dictionary

Irrational and intuitive

Reaction to insane spectacle of war Anti-traditional

Artistic and literary movement

Dada is a state of mind


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Man Ray

The Gift, 1921 in Vienna

Painted flatiron withfourteen thumb tacks glued toits sole

Represents domesticity andpossibly femininity; the otherrepresents capentry and hence

masculinity


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Marcel Duchamp Fountain, 1917, Ready-

made sculpture

The scandalous work

was a porcelain urinal Rejected by the

committee, eventhough the rules stated

that all works would beaccepted from artistswho paid the fee


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Hannah Hoch Cut with the Kitchen

Knife, 1919-1920,Photomontage (collage)

Chaotic andcontradictory

Images of GermanMilitary leaders, Dadaartists, dancers, animals,etc.

Self-portrait in the lowercorner

Found textThe Greatdada World


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Kurt Schwitters Merz 19, 1920, Paper

Collage

Merz refers tocommerce bank

because the wordappears in the foundpaper text


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Surrealism

Dreams and the Unconscious Mind (Psychology)

Bring together outer and inner reality

Dada artists joined the Surrealist movement


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Max Ernst Two Children are

Threatened by aNightingale, 1924, Oil onWood with Wood

construction Follows the rules of

aerial and linearperspective, but the

proportions are not trueto life


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Rene Magritte The Treachery of

Images, 19281929, Oilon Canvas

Discrepancy between

the image of the pipeand the text

Ceci nestpas une pipe(This is not a pipe)


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Rene Magritte The Son of Man, 1964,

Oil on Canvas

Symbolism of the Apple,clouds, water, etc.

Modern man


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Salvador Dali The Persistence of

Memory, 1931, Oil onCanvas

It epitomizes Dal'stheory of "softness" and"hardness", which wascentral to his thinking atthe time

Documents

History of Arts Report