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History of Floral Design
Why is History Important?
Helps designer have a better understanding of the origins of floral designs used today.
May have to create a design to complement a certain time period.
Two Original Styles
Occidental Style – evolved in Egyptian and Middle Eastern Cultures; further developed by the Europeans
Oriental-Began in China; later explored by Japanese
Egyptian Period
2800-28BCarranged separate rows of
different colored flowers in shallow bowls
Egyptian Period
Wore garlands or wreaths of flowers on their heads
Ancient Greeks
600-146 BCDid not arrange flowers in
vases, scattered blossoms on tables and on the streets
Ancient Greeks
Garland and wreaths worn during special occasions.
Presented as awards to athletes, statesmen and soldiers.
Ancient Greeks
First to have professional florist
The cornucopia (horn or plenty) was first introduced by the Greek culture
Romans28 BC - 325 ADscatter roses on banquet tables and
on the floorbegan arranging in a basket called
a liknon
Byzantine Period
320-600 ADintroduced symmetrical, tree-
style designsflowers and fruit were used at
regular intervals throughout design
Middle Ages
476-1600 ADvery little is known about floral
designs of this time period except what Persian art portrays
Renaissance
1400-1600 ADdesigns were large, tall,
pyramidal, and symmetrically balanced
Renaissance
flower arrangements were loose, uncrowded and airy
began to dry flowers by burying them in clean, sun-dried sand
Baroque Period1600-1775 A.D.Adopted asymmetrical curves
in the shape of a crescent or an “s”
the Hogarthian curve is still popular today
Flemish-style
1550-1750 ADbeautifully captured by Dutch
painterstraditional baroque styles were
refined; not as loose and open
Flemish style
Tulips were used abundantlyfirst to combine mass designs
of Romans with line designs of the Orient to form mass-line designs
English Georgian period
1714-1760 A.D.nosegay, or handheld bouquet
became stylish; carried by men due to lack of deodorants
Georgian period
small nosegay bouquets (tuzzy-muzzies) placed in bowls were the first use of table centerpieces as we know them today.
Victorian period1820-1914 A.D.Flowers were fashionable but
designs were rather unappealing and poor
usually asymmetrical with no focal point.
Oriental Style-ChineseUsed for decorating alters in
religious ceremonies performed by Buddhist priests.
Philosophies influencing these designs were Confucius, Buddhism, and symbolism that developed as folklore.
Chinese
Four season were usually portrayed by white-blossomed plum in the winter, the peony in spring, the lotus in summer, and mums in fall.
Oriental Style-JapaneseJapanese priest named Ikenabo
refined the art.Began the first school of
floral art in Japan which bears his name.
Oriental Style
Name later changed to Ikebana which means “giving life to the flowers” or “arrangement of living plant material”.