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History of Verden (Aller)
by Dora Asch
Index
· A few facts about Verden
· Historical timetable
· Massacre of Verden
· The cathedral
· Located at the river 'Aller'
· A town in Lower Saxony, north Germany
· Verden is famous for the massacre of Saxons in 782, for its cathedral, and for its horse breeding
· Population: 26.729 habitants
· It's called Verden (Aller) because the French town Verdun is also called Verden in German
· 8000 – 4000 before Christ: Supposedly, people already livedin Verden in the Middle Stone Age
· 450: In the Migration Period, the Saxons colonized Verden
· 782: The massacre of Verden, where 4500 Saxons were killed
· about 800: The Bishopric of Verden was founded and was calledFerdi in Saxonia
· 1034: The first time the name “Verden“ appeared in papers
· 1210: The bishop Yso built a town wall as protection of the northpart of Verden
· 1350: Another wall was built for the south part of Verden and thecity was split in two parts
· 1220: first bridge across the Aller was built
Historical timetable
· 1667: the town wall between the north and south part of Verden wasdestroyed
· 1891: first horse race ever in Verden
· 1973: dedication of the “Niedersachsenhalle“
· 1997: first European championship of the dressage rider in Verden
· 2002-present: annual world championship for dressage rider
· 1402: The buccaneer Klaus Störtebeker was executed in Hamburgand he donated seven windows for the cathedral in Verden becauseof the seven deadly sins
The Massacre of Verden
· also called Bloodbath of Verden or Bloody Verdict of Verden
· The Saxons rebelled against Charles the Great, didn't want tobow down to Karl, the king of the Franconians, and didn't wantto adopt the Christian faith
· Between 1934 and 1935, the German nationalists built a memorialknown as the Sachsenhain ('Saxon Grove')
· 4500 stones were put along a 2 km long path
· the leader of the Saxons, called „Widukind“, started a revolutionagainst the Franconians and Charles the Great
· Charles the Great wanted revenge and in 782, during the SaxonWars, 4500 Saxons were killed under his orders
· „Widukind“ excaped to Denmark before the massacre
· the Sachsenhain was used as a training area for the Hitler Youth,and later fugitives were hidden there
· since 1950, there's a hostel called „Evangelischer Jugendhof Sachsenhain“ (Evangelical youth hostel Sachsenhain)
The cathedral in Verden
· „Dom St. Maria und Cäcilia“
· was the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Bisphoric of Verden
· an Evangelical Lutheran Cathedral
· was built in two construction phases, from 1290 until 1323,finished in 1473 until 1490, and renovated 1830
· the town's landmark and one of the main attractions in Verden
· before this building, there were another two wooden churchesthat were burned down, first in 850, second in 950
· part of the cathedral used to be a school in 1002, but over timemore and more people went to school and they built anotherbuilding for the school in 1872, now called the „Domgymnasium“
· the part of the cathedral which used to be a school is now a small religious shop
· first gothic cathedral in Lower Saxony
· the cathedral was used as an example for many other churches in Germany
· since 1973, the cathedral has its own cemetry
Sources
http://www.wikipedia.de
http://www.verden.de
http://www.dom-verden.de
http://www.bonnensia.de
http://www.ehj.de/sachsenhain