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8/9/2019 History Video Games
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History of Video Games
By: Hctor Muoz-Avila
Sources: Gamespot.com investor.about.com emuunlim.com designboom.com Wikipedia
my own
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Introduction
Some ideas in the 1948
First video game: Tennis game in an Oscilloscope
Space game on DEC-1
Current videogames: Half Life 2
In between:
Space Invaders: http://www.spaceinvaders.de/
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Chess Origins
1769 Fake chess machine
1952 Turing design a chessalgorithm
1956 Maniac versus Human
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Origins of Some Companies
1889 company create card game:
1932 COLECO (short for Connecticut Leather Company
1947 Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Company:
1954 David Rosen makes machines for GIs in Japan
Sony
Nintendo (leave luck to heaven)
(Service Games) SEGA
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Other Origins
1951 Ralph Baer (@Loral) suggest adding game
to TV
May be considered the inventor of video
games Only until 1967 he realized his dream of an
intereactive television
1952 A.S.Douglas (@Cambridge): Interactive Tic
Tac Toe
1958 Willy Higinbotham (@brookhaven national
laboratory): Oscilloscope
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Other Origins (II)
1961 Steve Russell (@MIT) creates space war
If I hadn't done it, someone would've
done something equally exciting if not
better in the next six months. I justhappened to get there first.
- Steve Russell
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Space War Legacy
1971 Bill Pitts andHugh Tuck formedComputer Recreations
Galaxy Game
Cost: $20KPlay cost: 10 centBuilt: dozens
1972 Noland Bushnelland Ted Dabney(@Nutting Associates)
Galaxy Game
Built: 1.5K 1972
PONG
Built: 10KBreaks down
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Early Games
Pong (http://www.apn.gr/pong.html)
1972 Magnavox builds Odyssey
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Early Stages: 1976-1977
COLECO builds TELSTAR
Cartridges are born (Fairchild Camera & Instrument: Channel F)
Atari bought by Warner Communications ($28M)
Atari releases first console (later known as Atari 2600)
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Early Stages 1977-78
Nintendo releases Othello (http://www.mattelothello.com/)
Taito creates Space Invaders!
Midway bought license
Apple and Atari release PCs
But Atari is seen as a gaming company
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The Golden Age 1979-1981
Atari releases Asteroids!
Frogger, Konami/Sega, 1981
Pac-Man, Bally/Midway, 1980
Donkey Kong, Nintendo, 1981
Namco releases Pac-Man, 1982 (+300K machines sold)
Own television show
US Army commissions Atari for a tank simulation game
Start of a long enduring activity (Lehigh included!)
Nintendo releases first console in 1981
http://www.tripletsandus.com/80s/80s_games/
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The Great Crash 1982-1984
The Commodore 64 PC is released
Coleco releases the Adam PC
Too many competitors small and large saturate the market
1982 Warner Corp. stock fell 32% after Atariannounces les-that-expected sells of consoles
Atari sold to Jack Tramiel (owner of Commodore)
New company: Atari Corp. pulls from Console market
Bright spot: Nintendo releases famicon does well in Japan
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The Return of the Video Games 1985-1988
Nintendo releases NES
Met with skepticism by market observers
Turns out to be an instant hit
Legend of Zelda
http://www.nintendoland.com/zelda/home.htm
Apple releases the Mac, Atari releases 520ST
Who won?
Tetris is released!
http://www.miniclip.com/tetris.htm
Coleco files for bankruptcy
1985 MS releases
Windows
PC as a gaming
platform
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The Story Continues
1989 Nintendo releases Gameboy, Sega releasesGenesis
1991 Nintendo releases SNES, Sega releases Sonic
1993 32-bit consoles
Nintendo releases Mortal Combat!
1999-2001 Playstation 2, Gamecube, Xbox
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Whats Left?
PC Games
We will cover these in coming classes but byGenre:
FPS
RTS
RPG (including MMO)