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INTRODUCTION

Today chemicals are inevitable for each and every

country. Because today, in most of the field of production

chemicals is required for materials like in the field of Drugand , in the field of chemistry, in the field of automatic energy

etc. ZACFA CHEMICALS is not providing product directly to

the consumers. But it first, provides to the other industries as

raw material for making them finished . And thereby , they are

made to sell in the markets.

ZACFA CHEMICALS is in a field of

DRUG and SYRUP. It produces raw materials for the Drug for

tacking dieses. ZCFA CHEMICALS is also exporting its products

in foreign country in African Countries like Kenya, Nairoby, Africa

etc. it provides in a Pakistan. it has a share of 25% of total

production in exports.

Company has a capital

intensive production process. It has a 12 workers in

the company

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COMPANY PROFILE

Name : ZACFA

CHEMICALS

Factory Address : Plot no. 212/ A,

G.I.D.C. Chitra,

: Bhavnagar 364003

Office Adress : As aboveType of Business : Partnership Firm

Name of Partner : Mr. Manishbhai Shah

Mr. Devendrabh

Shah

Banker : HDFC

Auditor : Piyushbhai Doshi

Established : 1981

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HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNIT

Every company has its ownhistory of development since its inception. In the

beginning period of time ZACFA CHEMICALS was selling

FINE CHEMICALS. Since that day, recently ZACFA

CHEMICALS is selling FINE chemicals. When ZACFA

company was started, it was selling its product to the local

level. But today we can see their products at many levels

in the countries.

ZACFA CHEMICALS was started as a partnership

firm in 1981-82, by Mr. N. B. Pathak. But today pathak sir

has retired from the company. Recently, company is run

by Manishbhai and Devendrabhai.

When it was started, company had

a only one product i.e. FINE chemicals. As a time passed,their ability, efficiency increased and captured a medium

share in the Drug & Chemical market. after 2000

Manishbhai joined the company and Pathak sir was

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retired. Having experience of eight years Manishbhai is

always ready to adopt a new technology.

SIZE OF THE UNIT & FORM OF THE ORGANISATIO

There are mainly two sectors i.e.

production and services sectors. They differ in

investment limits

1 Small Scale Industries (SSI) :

small Scale industries are those

which have investment Between Rs. 25 Lac To 5

Crore. in short

while in the case ofService sector it

is Between

10 Lac To 2 crore

2-Medium Scale Industries (MSI) :

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Medium Scale industries are those

industries which have investment Between Rs. 5

Crore To 10 Crore .

while in the case of Service Sector

it is Between

2 crore To 5 crore.

3-Large Scale Industries (LSI) :

Large scale industries are those

industries which have investment more than 10 Crore

So, According to

above criteria ZACFA CHEMICALS is the SMALL SCALEINDUSTRIES. As it has investment of Rs. 25 Lac.

Form of the Organization

There are so many types ofbusiness firm such as Sole Propritor, Partnership firm,

Joint Stock company, Co- Oprative Organisation, Public

co- opration etc.

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Partnership is a firm in which

two or more than two and less than 20 partners can be

involved to carrying out the same business. In that

context ZACFA CHEMICALS is a PARTNERSHIP

FIRM.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

The manufacturing process of

the company is very easy and short too. All the steps are

taken by the help of the technology and machinery.

Generally, ZACFA CHEMICALS is not making any

finished goods. It is making raw materials for the other

industries.

ZACFA CHEMICAL

Collection of raw material

Mixing

Drying


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1.Collection of raw material :

This is the first or beginning step of the production process. For

smooth running of the production process , adequate collection of the

raw material is necessary. ZACFA CHEMICALS collect its raw material

from all over india. Specifically , company raw material from Bhopal atresponsible prices.

Required raw material are Caustic Lye, Sodium Silicate , Soda Ash

Sea Bitten.

2.Mixing :

At this stage caustic lye and soda Ash are Mixed. Then after

2 hour sodium silicate and sea bitten are added in the former mixtureof the raw material. After mixing this raw material , they are put in the

boiler and are blended for half an hour.

3.Drying :

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Packing


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After mixing the raw material and boiled for half an hour, they are drown

out from the boiler in order to dry them. Now the raw material ia ready .

But they have to dry in order to make them in a different size and in4.Packing :

At this stage the raw material is ready for selling in the market

after making in proper packing. Company is selling their products in an

only one packet size i.e. a packing of 25 kg. All the product are packed

in a form of 25 kg.

PRODUCTION CAPACITY & QUALITY CONTROL

ZACFA CHEMICALS has a

production capacity of 1 TON per day

Quality of the product is very crucial

and inevitable factors for each & every business for growing

in a speedy way. ZACFA CHEMICALS is very conscious

regarding the quality of the product. All the chemical

industries have to maintain their quality according to the

norms and conditions of the IP(INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL)

across all over the india. So, ZACFA CHEMICALS first of all

tests their products according to the rules and regulation ofthe IP. They always sells standard products. They also take

opinion of the other buyers and potential buyers companys

products.

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In the case of Exporting of the

raw material , Each & every companies have to maintain the

standard of the BP (British Pharmaceutical). So the company

also takes into account BPs standard and norms and

conditions for providing the best quality.

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

ZACFA CHEMICAL

OWNER

ASSISTANTMANAGER


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PRODUCTION

ACTIVITIES

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TIME KEEPING SYSTEM

The time keeping system is the most

important part of the organization. Because with the

help of this function , the owner knows that how much

products will be produced in a day. This function is also

useful in determining the wages of their workers. Andalso helps in determining the production cost.

ZACFA CHEMICAL

PERSONNE

ACTIVITIES

MARKETING

ACTIVITIES

FINANCE

ACTIVITIES


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In ZACFA CHEMICALS

attendance is taken by the workers signatures. There is

one shift to work i.e. 09 A.M TO 7.00 P.M.

ZACFA CHEMICALS is very

conscious regarding time keeping system. All the

workers come in company in time and regular. If any

workers or officers go out the company , their outsider

time are listed down in movement register. At the end

of the day, owner checks this registers and sees the

movement of the employees. If genuine reason is

not found out , employee will be called by the owner

and to be punished In terms of whether the extra

overloaded work or monetary punishment. But

generally , they are punished with extra work loaded.

CONTRIBUTION OF THE UNIT TO INDUSTRY

AS a part society, every company has to

contributes more or less to its society. By doing some

kind of works, they can get favorable response from

society. By doing that, people will understand that

company cares for the public. Without contribution

company cannot exist for longer period of time in the

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market. When one firm is products, it is called

separate firm. But group of these firms called as

INDUSTRY.

ZACFA CHEMICALS is giving their

contribution to the export of the country. And thereby,

it helps the nation in becoming self reliant in the field

of chemicals & Drug industries. The company is

exporting in Pakistan, Kenya, Nairobi etc. Further,

company has always tried best to prove itself

effectively in terms of huge amount of production. And

it is going to make a new expansion plan.

EMPLOYEE SERVICES AND BENEFITS

Services and benefits are

given by the organization to employee, play a vital

role for motivating them to achieve their fully

performance. These services make the good

relationship between workers and management.

Mostly these facilities depend upon companys

internal policy.

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ZACFA CHEMICALS

provides various types of facilities to employees

These are:

Housing facilities, Canteen facilities,

Medical facilities .Loan facilities, Entertainment

facilities, Uniform facilities, Bonus facilities, Library

facilities.

Canteen facilitiesThe firm provides canteen

facility only to its workers working in the factory.

the firm also provide Tea and meal facility to its

employees at a very reasonable rate.

Medical facilitiesMedical facilities also available in this

industry. The first treatment at the time of accident is given to

the employees. The company also takes the insurance policy

of employees. At the time of permanent disablement and long

diseases, the firm also provides medical treatment. ZACFA

CHEMICALS has its own physician.

Loan facility

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This industry also provides the loan to their

employees for any important or urgent matter like marriage .

education

for employees children

ect. they provide loan without charging any interest.

Entertainment facility

The firm also provides some type of

Entertainment facility to their employees. They arrange three days

tour in a year in firms private vehicle without taking any charges.

They also arrange show for their employees regarding .

movies. from which they can learn something new They watch

movies like business oriented . comedy oriented etc.

UNIFORM FACILITY

All employees of the company

provided two pairs of uniform with stitching

allowance once in a year. And also shoes,spectacles

(required person) are provided .

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BONUS FACILITY

As ZACFA CHEMICALS believes

in providing economic support to its employees .

Company provides bonus to their employees on

Diwali.

in bonus scheme , they get some amount and

other things like tour packages.

LIBRARY FACILITY

All employees are provided library

facilities like Newspapers, Magazines, rich collection

of the books on technical & non technical

Management etc. During lunch period of time

employees are provided time to read themagazines and other books.

VISION OF THE COMPANY

Every companies have some

specific vision in terms of target. Vision helps the

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company in increasing the morale of the

employees working in the organization. In the

vision, company makes expectations i. e. by thistime of period we will complete our goal. E.g.

Gujarat government has a vision of 2010

ZACFA

CHEMICALS also has a vision of launching two

new products by the end of March - 2009. the

products are

Magnesium Hydro site paste and Aluminum

Magnesium Hydro site paste.

1.INTRODUCTION

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H.R.M. stands for HumanResources Management. As per its name it is

very clear that H.R.M. means to manage peopleworking in the organization in a proper and

efficient way. Human Resource are very important

and precious assets for the company . Without

Human resources company can not work

smoothly.

According to the Edwin flippo

HRM is planning , organizing, directing, and

controlling of the procurement development ,

compensation, maintenance separation of the

human resources.

2.ORGANISATION OF PERSONNAL DEPARTMENTpersonnel department generally acts in an

advisory capacity. It provides information , offer and

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suggestion and is not responsible for the end result.

Generally in a big firm many people are working

simultaneously. Because of that large numbers of people, company will require a efficient management of their

employees . So that work can be done with effectively

and risk of duplication can be avoided. they are liable.

But As we know that in ZACFA

CHEMICALS all the activities are done by only one

person i. e. Assistant manager. So there is no anyparticular organization chart of the company.

But the general chart of the personnel department is

an under :

PersonnelManager

ZACFA CHEMICAL

ProcessIn charge

Clerk(Senior)

Time keepClerk

Typist Labours


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3.RECRUITMENT , SELECTION & INDUCTION

RECRUITMENT :

In normal cases, the recruitment canbe defined to put the right person at the right job.

Recruitment means nothing but give awareness about job

vacancy. The success and failure of the company is mainly

depending on its recruitment. If we choose wrong person forthen performance of the company will definitely decline. It

can be done in two ways.

Internal : Internal Recruitment means the persons who

are working in the company at presently, give them

promotion or transfer to filling required gap.

External : External Recruitment means persons are

recruited with the help of external sources i.e. Advertising ,

Campus interview (placement) , Employment Exchange etc.

ZACFA CHEMICALS is recruitment

employees most of time by the External Sources. Company

gives advertisement in the newspaper, they also take help

from the Employment Exchange.

SELECTION :

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After identifying the sources of human

resources , searching for employees and stimulation

them to apply in the organization, the management hasto perform the function of selecting the right employees

at the right time. Selection is deliberating effort of the

organization to select a fix number of personal from a

large number of application . The purpose of selection is

to choose the best of suitable job candidate for each

unfilled job reject rest unqualified persons .

In ZACFA CHEMICALSselection are not on the base of any written exams or

any interview. But it is made on the basis of the some

criteria like employees should have studied upto tenth.

Then after are they are trained.

INDUCTION :

Induction is the process of receiving and

welcoming an employees when he first joints a company

and giving him the basic information. He needs to settle

down happily and start work. When a new candidates is

selected from the external sources. So the new comes

like a bird imparted from its group. so the induction

must be taken into account by the firm. We can say thatit is a welcome process. The idea of this process is to

make the feel free and generate enthusiasm in the new

come. Though it is small but meaningful. In the ZACFA

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CHEMICALS new employees are welcomed with warmly and

are given flowers, gifts etc.

4.TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

TRAINING :

Every organization needs to have

well trained people to perform the activities that have to

be done. Every organization should provide training to all

employees irrespective to their skill. Employee training is

one of the fundamental operative functions for human

resource management. Training is the act of increasing

the knowledge and skill of an employee for doing a

particular job. Training is not something i.e. done once to

new employees, it is used continuously in every well runestablishment. The efficiency of an organization depends

on his ability to work and type of training he received.

Thus training can be defines as

The organized procedures by which people learn

knowledge and/or skill for a definite propose.

In ZACFA CHEMICALS all theemployees are given on the job Training. So that they

can be given practical knowledge regarding how to do the

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job. In chemical industry this type of training is helpful, As

there is a lots of risk in doing work with the chemicals.

DEVELOPMENT :

Management development is a

systematic process of growth and development by which

the managers develop their abilities to manage. The

management development refers to developing an

employee in the areas of management, administration,

organization etc. In management development, the

company is to establish the program and the

development opportunities for its present and potential

managers.

In ZACFA CHEMICALS for the

sake of development of the employees, they are askedsuggestions for the companys policy. Sometimes they

are given some extra work which can increase their

leadership quality and decision making traits. It is for a

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longer period of time . The company also focuses on

the future development of the employees by giving

them such types of responsibilities etc.

5. JOB DISCRIPTION

Job description is an importa

ocument, which contains a statement of job analysis, duties an

esponsibilities about the job . It is basically descriptive in natu

nd it tells us what should be done? Why It should be done

How it should be done and where it should be done? Jo

escription also tells to the employee about their work.

In ZACFA CHEMICALS on

written document has been prepared that contains the complehe job. Company has a separate file of job description.

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6.PROMOTION AND TRANSFER POLICY

PROMOTION :

Promotion means advancement of an

employee within the organization. Promotion may take play

seniority, hard working ability or good. A promotion involves

a change from one job to another i.e. better in terms ofstatus, monkey and responsibility. Promotion is an activity

through which an adjustment in the size of an enterprise can

be made to cope with the changing situations.

According to Scott and cotheir A

promotion is the transfer of an employee from one place

to another which pays more money and satisfaction,

respects etc.

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In ZACFA CHEMICALS promotion is given

on the basis of the seniority Company believes that with

increase in the experience in the company , employee willhave got more knowledge regarding the job. And thass why

they should be given promotion in the company. On the part

of the promotion in the company As employee completes 3

year, salary will be doubled.

TRANSFER :

Transfer is a change of job where

an employees gets the same amount of salary,

duties and responsibilities regarding first job. In

transfer, the employee gets the opportunity to

change the situation but other thing remains thesame. Generally transfer doesnt involve promotion.

But in the ZACFA

CHEMICALS there is no any Transfer Policy.

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7.PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

Performance appraisal is

a method of evaluating the behavior of employee in

the work spot, normally including both the aspects of job performance of the worker but also his potential for

development. Performance appraisal influences the

employees future level of effort, activities, results etc.

It is inevitable that some

evaluate the performance of the hired personnel twice.

Thus, performance appraisal is a method of measuring

skill, ability, etc. of the employee. It is a process of

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estimating the value, the excellence or status of some

person.

In the ZACFA

CHEMICALS performance of the employee are

measured on the basis rate system and employees

productivity.

8.WAGE AND SALARY ADMINISTRATION

Organization expects efficient performance form

their employees in order to contribute to the attainment of the

individual goals. Organization reward their employees whocontributed to the achievement of goals. This reward includes

wages, salary administration is the essentially systematic

approach to the problem ensuring that employees are paid

in a logical and fair manner. Wage and salary administration

should be controlled by some proper agency.

Wage refers to the hourly rate of return

, Which are paid to the workers for their working in the

company. While refers to the weekly or monthly rate of return,

which are generally paid to the administrative workers. The

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main purpose of the salary & wage administration is to

establish and maintain an equitable wages and salary

structure.

In ZACFA CHEMICALS , most of the

employees are on the administrative. Hardly, some labours are

hired on a contract based. As they complete a job,

immediately they are paid their wages. In the case of

administrative employees are paid their salary on 5th and 6th

date of each month. The average salary of the employees in

the company is the Rs.6000.

9. WORKING OF E.S.I. SCHEME

Employee state insurance (ESI) scheme is

application in favor of the company right from its

establishment. It gives benefits in following events.

Accident event

Sickness

Specified reason when an employee can at work

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25% are credited to E.S.I. scheme. Under this scheme

employees get following benefits.

Employee can get free medical service in E.S.I. hospital.

In the case of injury or sickness , 75% of the salary are

given as a medical benefits.

There is three month maternity leave for women workers.

In the case of death of employee

his/her family members gets pension and compensation too.

Under this scheme , employees have to contribute 1.75% of

their total salary while the company contributes

4.50% of the employees salary. The total 6

employee state insurance (ESI) is a scheme that

gives benefits to employees. It is the insurance

taken for the employee by the organization. This

scheme provides security while the employee is one

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work or service in the unit. It defines the accidents

in the monitory terms.

As we know that ZACFA

CHEMICALS is concerned with the chemicals ,

electronic etc. Further, companies have 12 workers.

So this scheme is applicable in the company.

10. PROVIDENT FUND SCHEME

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Provident fund means

collection of money from the salary of employees and it will

be paid at the time of retirement , disablement or any otheroccasion. This scheme was started in 1962, and spared in

all the industries . Any company having more than 50

workers can joint this scheme. Under this scheme ,

employee have to contribute at 12 % of their total salary.

And company adds another 12 % in it. Thus , employee

gets totals of 24 % as a provident fund.

This provision is made for the

employees future life. By this scheme employees get some

financial security for their old age. This is statutory scheme

means for welfare of permanent employees and their family

members. The employees of the company also have a loan

have a loan under this scheme. This loan is given according

to rules & regulation of the company.

In ZACFA CHEMICALS there are no any

provisions for provident fund.

11.GRIEVANCE HANDLING PROCEDURE

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A Grievance is assign of employees

discontent with job and its nature. The employees has got

certain aspiration and expectation, which he thinks, must bethe organization where he is working. When the organization

fails to satisfy the employee need, it develop a feeling of

dissatisfaction.

It is not possible that every human

being live peacefully together in the society. The same thing

happens in the company where all are working together. Thus,

grievance is caused due to the difference between the

employee expectation and management practice. Hence, a

grievance may be viewed as complex psychological

phenomenon calling for human rather than any procedure or

legal action in its analysis and solution.

In ZACFA CHEMICALS hardly

grievance arises. If any grievance arises, manager of the

company soon tries to solve it in a satisfactory manner.

Sometimes , help of the owner are also taken to tackle the

problems.

12.COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT

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Collective bargaining is a

process in which the representative of the labour

organization and the representative of the businessorganization meets and attempt to negotiate a

contract or agreement. Collective bargaining is used

for compromising the conflicting interests of

employees and employer. It is a method by which

trade unions protected of improved the condition of

their members working lives.

It is called collective because the

employees as a group select representative to meet

and consult with management. In each and every

unit, employees have always demand for high salary,

promotion, protection etc. Collective bargaining helpsin ironing our many differences between workers and

management ironing.

In ZACFZ CHEMICALS

there is no any collective bargaining agreement. As

and when any problem arises out, company solves it

them selves.

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13.TRADE UNION

The general view of trade union

is that, this is a group of employees or workers formed

to project the interest of the employee. But according to

section 2(B) of the trade union Act of 1926.

A trade union is any combination whether

temporary of permanent formed primarily for the

purpose of regulation between workman & employees

& or for imposing restrictive condition to the conduct

of any trade or business and include any federation

of two or more trade unions.

The union workers for the satisfaction

of their member. Workers join trade unions to achieve

their objectives, which is they couldnt achieve individually.

In the ZACFA CHEMICALS there is no any trade

union exists.

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14. PERSONNEL RECORDS

A record is piece of

writing or a chart, which provides ready information and

which preserves evidence for future reference or use.

Personnel records provide the information about any

employee when the need of it arises.

Records provides tangible

evidence of the past activities of an organization. It also

provides information relating to various aspects of human

resources of an organization viz, wage and salary,

productivity, social security, absenteeism, employee welfare ,

job satisfaction turnover etc. It includes Name Address, date

of appointment, Date of birth, Educational qualification,Performance, Hobbies, Telephone no, photograph etc of

each employees.

Company maintains the

personnel records of n the employees in computerized

manner. it is also updated as a employee comes in a

company or goes out from the company.

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1. INTRODUCTION

Each and every business

organization has one of the most essential activities i.e.

Marketing Management. The main two goal of the

marketing management to attract new customers by

providing superiors value and to keep current customers

by delivering satisfaction.

Definition

Marketing is a social managerial

process by which individuals or groups obtain what

through creating and exchanging products and value

with other.

In a fast changing and challenging

environment, marketing has been viewed an on going or

dynamic process involving a set of interaction activities

dealing with a market offered by producers on the basis

of reliable marketing anticipation. Thus, we can say that

the success of every company depends upon some extent

to its favorable marketing management.

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2.ORGANIZATION OF MARKETING DEPARTMENT Organization structure refers to the

framework by which employees of all organization are

related with each with other. It specified the authority &

responsibility of personnel working together. the structure

of department also indicates that who is the superior

and who are the subordinates.

As we know that ZACFA CHEMICALS is a

partnership firm and in this firm all the activities are

done by a single person who is a manager of the

company. So there is no any special department of

marketing management in the company.

But the general from of the department is as under :

ZACFA CHEMICAL

ManagingDirector

Marketing

Manager

Assista

t

Salesmen

local

Salesmen

(outside ))0))


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3.PRODUCT PLANNING

The product planning is the

tangible and important single component of the marketing

program. Product planning is the result of co-ordinate efforts

of a number of specialists. Product planning can assure

normal rate of return on investment and continuous growth ofthe enterprise. Thus product defined as, The act making out

and supervising the search, screening, Development and

commercialization of new products.

To fight with the competitors and being

stable in the competitive market, it is necessary for everycompany to think about planning trough which company

creates demand of their products.

ZACFA CHEMICALS plans for its

products on the basis of demand of raw materials in the

market. Majority sales volume of ZACFA CHEMICALS comesfrom the direct selling to the industries. So, company plans

for its new product on the basis of order of the other existing

industries or potential buyer industries.

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4.MARKET SEGMENTATION Marketing consist of buyersdiffer in once or more respects. They may differ in their

Wants, needs, purchasing power, buying, attitudes and

geographical locations. This varied and complex buyer

behavior is the root cause of marketing segmentation. A

market segment is a meaningful buyer group having similar

wants.

According to Philip kotler, market segmentation

means, Dividing a market into distinct groups of buyer

with different needs, characteristics or behavior who

might separate product or marketing mixes,

Market segmentation is a

method for achieving maximum market response from limitedresources. In the sense, market segmentation is the strategy

of divide and conquer. Thus, such adequate segmentation is

the product highly affordable at time. ZACFA CHEMOCALS

has segmented markets on the basis of both Age and geographic.

Age :

As we know that ZACFA CHEMICALS is in the

business of Drug and Chemicals in the context of age, company

sells their products on the basis of age.

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4. PRICING POLICIES

Sale is the only income for

any business concern But price is the main factors.

Whish affect the sale or market To determine price of any

product is too much curial problem for any organization,

because success policy must be adopted to have maximum

sales revenue. Through proper pricing policy, the marketing

objectives and corporate goals can be achieved. Price is

the variable factor determining the revenues or incomes .

Procedure have to take decisions about pricing under

various circumstances. And pricing also defers according to

the nature of the product, durability, financial resources, and

extent of competition in the market. Thus pricing policy

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provides the general framework within within which

managerial decisions are made on pricing

ZACFA CHEMICALS has adopted

the Cost Plus Pricing Policy . Company directs sells its

products to the industries without use of any middlemen . So

, the commission of the middlemen will not arise.

Consequently, the price of the companys products will be

lower compare to other products prices.

6.CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION

Distribution channel is one of the vital

point of marketing. In the field of marketing, channels of

distribution are rout or path way by which good & services

flow or move from production To Consumer.

Every Organization tries to forge a proper

distribution channel in the making of a product and servicesavailable available for use

for the consumers. It depends on the nature of the products and

company

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policies

Channels of Distribution

Manufacture

Agent & Dealer

Wholesaler

Retailer

Consumers

Direct Channel :

Direct Channel is the way by which Company sales direct

to the

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consumers without helping of any middlemen , salesmen

or any other intermediates.

Indirect Channel :

Indirect Distribution channel is the way through whichcompany sales its products with the help of middlemen ,

Agents, Dealers wholesalers Retailers etc.

ZACFA CHEMICALS sells their products

through the

direct channels of distribution That means directly to the

consumers

(industries). Company uses its own transportation to

reach products to the industries.

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7.SALES PROMOTION

Sales promotion consists of short term incentives encourage purchase or Sales of a product or

services . Where advertising offers reasons to buy a product

is necessary. it is not expenditure but is an investment, whish

company can pay marketing effort.

Sales promotion is an important in marketing to

lubricate the marketing efforts . Sales promotion is a

marketing activity other than advertising, publicity and

personal selling that stimulate consumer purchasing and

dealer effectiveness in Sales promotion is the bridge or a

link covering the gap between advertising and personal

salesmanship. it is an integrated part of the marketing

efforts.

ZACFA CHEMLCALS gives credit period of

60-75 days. In all the industries credit period plays a very

important role due to shortage of finance. Company also

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gives cash discount of 5% on cash payment. Due to such

type of cash discount, buyers are included to pay less

payment than actual.

8. ADVERTISING

The modern age is an era

competition. To stand with competition, every company

has to think of new user of product or they have find

out new buyers. For their purpose advertising is the

most important tool. Advertising is activity by which

visual or oral messages are addressed to the general

public at a time. Advertising desires of new products.

Modern advertising informs guides , educates as wellas protects buyers so that they can buy intelligently

and raise their standard of living.

Advertising defines as any paid

form of non- personnel presentation and promotion

of ideas, goods or services by an identified

sponsor.

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ZACFA CHEMICALS gives

their advertisement in magazines such as Global

Enquiry magazine, Trade India .com, Dainik Bhaskerwhich are famous magazines.

9.MARKET RESEARCH

Market research is systematic and

intelligent investigation or study of who, where, when, why, and

how of actual and potential buyers. Marketing research involves

studies relating to buyers behavior, product of brand

preferences, product or brand usages, advertising awareness,

sales promotion, dealers and competition and so on.

All the issues of business

houses cant be solved on the information collected from various

sources. That is why company relies on marketing research

program and collect information to have sound decisions.

Marketing research is the systematic

gathering recording and analyzing of date about problems

relating to the marketing of goods and services.

ZACFA CHEMICALS researches on the

basis of demand of the product in the market. Company

receives directly orders from its buyers i.e. industries. So,

company doesnt need to make more marketing research. But

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when company seeks to introduces new product into market,

company researches about the opinion of the buyer.

1.INTRODUCTION

Blood is very necessary and

vital for human life Finance is very necessary and vital for

business life . Without finance, business can not be

possible . So financial management is an integral part

of overall management. Financial management

provides a conceptual and analytical framework for

financial making. Finance makes the wheels of businessto run business smoothly.

Financial management is that

managerial. activity which is concerned with the planning

& controlling of the firms financial resources. The

financial management covers both acquisition of funds as

well as their allocation.

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Financial management can be broken down into three

major decisions.

I. The investment decisions

II. The finance decisions

III. The dividend policy decisions

2.ORGANIZATION STRUCTER OF FINANCE DEPARTMEN

The main work of finance department is to

manage records systematically. because the responsibility for financial

management are spread throughout the organization and it plays a

vital in overall management. it is essential for every organization to set

up a sound & efficient organization for the finance function.

As we know that in ZACFA

CHEMICALS all the activities i.e. marketing , production, human

resources and financial matters are handled by a single person who is

assistant manager of the company. So, there is no any special

department of the finance management in the company.

But the general chart of the finance department is under :

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3.FINANCIAL PLANNING

Financial planning means to plane the

finance, which will be needed in future. planning is one of the

ways, which can reduce the risk in future. Financial planning

is a continuous process that can not be stopped.

with help of proper planning company can

achieve higher degree of profit with great success . So the

company, which has adopted proper financial planning, will

never face the problem related to finance and is being able to

reach the top. The contingency of finance may occur in any

industries due to improper financial planning. To avoid this

type of problem, any organization has to prepare a properfinancial planning.

The need of finance can be different in different

situation. The need of finance can be,

ZACFA CHEMICAL

Finance

Manager

Computer

O erator

Typist

Accountant

Assistant

Cashier


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Short term finance : Within one year

Medium term finance : One year to five years

Long term finance : More than five years

ZACFA CHEMICALS plans both short term as well

as long term. company receives so many orders in advances.

So, company have to make a short term financial planning.

Thus , the proportion of short term planning in the company islarger than long term planning .

4.CAPITALIZATION

Capitalization is the lifeblood of

business. Without it a company cant work. Thecapitalization is the addition of Share capital, Borrowing

Capital, Debenture capital, and Pre reserve. The

capitalization can be of three types :

1. Over Capitalization :

Over capitalization is the situation when

the earning is less than its capital investment. A

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business is said to be over capitalization when a fair

return is not realized on capitalization.

2. Under Capitalization :

Under Capitalization is the situation when

the Earning is more than the capital investment

3. Fair Capitalization :

If the industry has enough finance according to

its requirement then it is called fair capitalization. It is

very essential for a business firm to have fair

capitalization. Shashi industries have fair

capitalization because it has adequate capital. The

financial manager has to maintain the fair position ofcapital and it is maintain. The position of finance is

strong of shashi industries at position.

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In the ZACFA CHEMICALS, there has

never been over capitalization . But in the year 2000

there was a under capitalization situation because ofthe efficient utilization of resources and prosperity

period. Recently, in the company situation is optimum

capitalization which shows companys efficiency.

5.CAPITAL STRUCTURE

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Capital structure refers to the mix of

the long term sources as well as Debt funds, Loans,

Equity, Preference shares etc.

The success of any company or the credit

of any company depends on the capital structure. It

shows positions of the company. It is also useful for

public who have invested their money in the company.

It means it indicates shareholders wealth.

The capital structure of ZACFA

CHEMICALS is very simple. Company has not taken any

secured loan or unsecured loans, there is no any

borrowed capital. Company has its own capital i.e.

ownership capital.

6.MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL

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Working capital Management isconcerned with problems that arises in attempting tomanage the current Assets. The current liability &

interrelationship between them. Sufficient working

capital is required to sustain sales activity in the

organization.

The working capital is consisting of three things :

Investment

Receivables

Cash & Bank

Inventories :

Inventories is composed of assets that will be sold in thefuture in the normal case business operations. Inventories as a Current

assets, the assets which firm store as a inventories in anticipation of

needs are Raw materials & finished goods.

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Receivables :-

The Receivables represents an important

components of the current assets of a firm. it may be defined as Debt

owned to the firm by selling of the goods or services to any in the

course of business.

CASH & BANK :

Cash & bank management is one the key areas ofworking capital management A part the fact that it is the most liquid current

assets. Cash is the common denominator to which all current assets can be

reduced because the other major liquid assets. i.e. receivable & inventory get

eventually converted into cash.

A firm is well advice to hold adequate cash balances but

should avoid excessive balances. So cash budgeting is a device to help a firm

to plan and control the use of cash.

ZACFA CHEMICALS has

invested 60 % of its total assets in working capital . Company maintains

adequatestocks of raw material so that orders can be finished and providedin time. Company also takes care about the credit period given to its debtors.

So that operating cycle of the company can be run with properly and smoothly.

7.PROFITABILITY & DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTIONThe operating of a firm and its ability to ensure adequate returns

to its shareholders depends ultimately on the profits earned by

the firm. High degree of profitability makes the organization in the

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top. High profitable business attracts people to invest their many in

the firm and it also attracts other financial institution that is directly or

indirectly related with the organization.

DIVIDENDS DISTRIBUTION:

Dividends refer to that portion of a

firms net earnings, which are paid out to the shareholders. Since

dividends are distributed out profit. the alternative to the payment of

dividends is the retention of earning/profit.

A major decision of financialmanagement is the dividend decision in the since that the firm has to

choose between distributing the profit to the profit to the shareholder &

plugging They back into business. The choice would obviously hinge

on the one the maximization of shareholders wealth.

ZACFA

CHEMICALS has a ownership capital So, profit of the company are

distributed among the partners of the company The ratio of the profit is

1 : 1 .that means whatever profits are generated, are distributed in a

50 % 50 % . As we know that company has not any borrowed capital.

So , company doesnt need to pay any dividend.

8.CAPITAL BUDGETING

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Capital Budgeting refer to

total process of generating . evaluating . selecting and

following of capital expenditure alternative. The firm allocatethe financial resources to new investment proposal. The

capital budgeting decision means a decision as to whether or

not money should be invested in a long term project In any

business. the commitment of funds in a land. building.

equipments. debtors and other types or assets must be

judiciously met.

This depended on company

that which type of methods we should use. In ZACFA

CHEMICALS . NPV methods are used for capital expenditure

decisions.

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CONCLUSION

At last . I would like to express my

feelings towards ZACFA CHEMICALS . After visiting the

ZACFA CHEMICALS I came to know that how they are

working , the workers who are working in ZACFA

CHEMICALS . are doing their work very fast , I have never

seen before and I also felt that they are speedy .

At the conclusing part ,

I would like to express my deeply feeling after preparing

this project . I came to know that how business is running .All the department are working vary excellently in ZACFA

CHEMICALS . really , it is my unforgettable experience

that give me full knowledge.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

ZACFA CHEMICAL

Sr. No

1

Subject

Human ResourceManagement

Books name

Text & Case

Author

K. Aswathappa

2 MarketingManagement

PrincipleOf

Marketing

Kotler&

Armstrong

3 FinancialManagement

Finance

S.P. Shah


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