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N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs;
.... ,J jhd; N`hy;nrl;
N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; vd;git cyfk; KOtJk; kpfr;rpwe;j
lHNghnk\pdup kw;Wk; fhw;W ifahSjYld; nghUs;gLfpd;wd. fk;kpd;];
lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; epWtdj;jhy; nghwpaikf;fg;gl;L cw;gj;jpnra;ag;gl;l
N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; kj;jpaj; ju kw;Wk; n`tp-ba+l;b Bry; vQ;rpd;
re;ijapy; 60 Mz;LfSf;Fk; Nkyhf lHNghrhH[H nlf;dhy[p kw;Wk;
tbtj;jpy; juepiyia mikj;Js;sJ. NkYk; vq;fs; N`hy;nrl; 200
tupirapd; mwpKfj;Jld;> ,g;NghJ N`hy;nrl; NuQ;rhdJ iyl;-ba+l;b
lHNghrhH[Hfisr; NrHj;J vq;fs; NuQ;ir caH `hH];gtH kw;Wk; n`tp-
ba+l;b vd;gjpypUe;J fPNo ,wq;fp te;J KOikahf iyl;-ba+l;b Bry;
vQ;[pd; re;ijapy; tpuptile;jpUf;fpwJ.
xU N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[iu vJ cUthf;FfpwJ?
fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; epWtdkhdJ thfdq;fs; kw;Wk;
gad;ghLfspd; gue;j mstpw;fhf cfe;j jPHTfis cUthf;f cyfstpy;
Kf;fpa OEMfSld; $l;bizT mZFKiwia vLj;Js;sJ. ,e;j
ePz;lfhykhf epiyj;jpUf;Fk; OEM cwTfs; %ykhfTk; kw;Wk; fk;kpd;];
epWtdj;jpd; xU fl;Lg;ghlw;w a+dpl;lhfTk;> ehq;fs; vQ;rpd;fs; kw;Wk;
lHNghrhH[Hfs; cld; mtw;wpd; Clhly; Mfpatw;wpd; tpupthd mwpit
cUthf;fpapUf;fpNwhk;.
,e;j kjpg;gw;w tHj;jf mDgtkhdJ lHNghrhH[Hfs; xt;nthU
gad;ghl;bd; Kf;fpakhd ghfkhf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sd vd;gijf;
Fwpf;fpd;wJ. vq;fsJ jdpr;rpwg;ghd nghwpapay; FOf;fs; xU tpupthd
tbtikg;G nray;Kiwia topelj;jp> fLikahd Nrhjidia
Nkw;nfhz;L> jahupg;Gj; juk;> ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; caupa nray;jpwd;
Mfpatw;wpd; kpf caHe;j juepiyia cWjpnra;tjw;fhd gFg;gha;it
elj;Jfpd;wd.
N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs;
gpNuk;ir]; Kjy; vQ;[pd; gtH tiuahd tuk;Gxw;iw lHNgh ,iz
kpd;rf;jp (fpth)
.... ,J jhd; N`hy;nrl;
N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; vd;git cyfk; KOtJk; kpfr;rpwe;j
lHNghnk\pdup kw;Wk; fhw;W ifahSjYld; nghUs;gLfpd;wd. fk;kpd;];
lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; epWtdj;jhy; nghwpaikf;fg;gl;L cw;gj;jpnra;ag;gl;l
N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; kj;jpaj; ju kw;Wk; n`tp-ba+l;b Bry; vQ;rpd;
re;ijapy; 60 Mz;LfSf;Fk; Nkyhf lHNghrhH[H nlf;dhy[p kw;Wk;
tbtj;jpy; juepiyia mikj;Js;sJ. NkYk; vq;fs; N`hy;nrl; 200
tupirapd; mwpKfj;Jld;> ,g;NghJ N`hy;nrl; NuQ;rhdJ iyl;-ba+l;b
lHNghrhH[Hfisr; NrHj;J vq;fs; NuQ;ir caH `hH];gtH kw;Wk; n`tp-
ba+l;b vd;gjpypUe;J fPNo ,wq;fp te;J KOikahf iyl;-ba+l;b Bry;
vQ;[pd; re;ijapy; tpuptile;jpUf;fpwJ.
xU N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[iu vJ cUthf;FfpwJ?
fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; epWtdkhdJ thfdq;fs; kw;Wk;
gad;ghLfspd; gue;j mstpw;fhf cfe;j jPHTfis cUthf;f cyfstpy;
Kf;fpa OEMfSld; $l;bizT mZFKiwia vLj;Js;sJ. ,e;j
ePz;lfhykhf epiyj;jpUf;Fk; OEM cwTfs; %ykhfTk; kw;Wk; fk;kpd;];
epWtdj;jpd; xU fl;Lg;ghlw;w a+dpl;lhfTk;> ehq;fs; vQ;rpd;fs; kw;Wk;
lHNghrhH[Hfs; cld; mtw;wpd; Clhly; Mfpatw;wpd; tpupthd mwpit
cUthf;fpapUf;fpNwhk;.
,e;j kjpg;gw;w tHj;jf mDgtkhdJ lHNghrhH[Hfs; xt;nthU
gad;ghl;bd; Kf;fpakhd ghfkhf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sd vd;gijf;
Fwpf;fpd;wJ. vq;fsJ jdpr;rpwg;ghd nghwpapay; FOf;fs; xU tpupthd
tbtikg;G nray;Kiwia topelj;jp> fLikahd Nrhjidia
Nkw;nfhz;L> jahupg;Gj; juk;> ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; caupa nray;jpwd;
Mfpatw;wpd; kpf caHe;j juepiyia cWjpnra;tjw;fhd gFg;gha;it
elj;Jfpd;wd.
N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs;
gpNuk;ir]; Kjy; vQ;[pd; gtH tiuahd tuk;Gxw;iw lHNgh ,iz
kpd;rf;jp (fpth)
nray;jpwd; Nkk;ghl;ilAk; lHNghrhH[H Vd;?cUthf;FfpwJ. vdNt> rpwe;j Ngf;Nf[pq;> vil Nrkpg;G xU vQ;[pd; ,ae;jpu Mw;wiy ed;ikfs; kw;Wk; xl;Lnkhj;j cUthf;f vupnghUs;-fhw;W Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l vupnghUs; fyitia vupg;gjw;fhf rpf;fdk; Mfpatw;Wf;F> mNj tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,ae;jpu Nghd;W Fiwf;fg;gl;l ckpo;tpw;F Mw;wyhdJ gpd;dH thfdj;jpd; toptFf;fpd;w lHNghrhH[;nra;j tPy;fisr; Rw;witf;fpd;w Roy; vQ;[pDf;fhf vQ;[pd; msthdJ ,af;fj;ij cUthf;f Fiwf;fg;glyhk;.gp];ld;fis NkYk; fPOk;
efHj;JfpwJ. mjpfkhd ,ae;jpu lHNghrhH[pq; vd;gJ fpl;lj;jl;l Mw;wy;> vQ;[pd; cUthf;ff;$ba vspikahd Nfhl;ghL MFk;> mjpfkhd typik.,Ug;gpDk; lHNghrhH[H vd;gJ Bry; vQ;[pdpd; nray;ghl;bw;F vupnghUs; cwpQ;rg;gLk; Kd;ghf Kf;fpakhdJ kw;Wk; mjw;F xU Bry; vQ;[p s; Eiofpd;w cupa nghwpaikf;fg;gl;l ghfk; fhw;whdJ mOj;jg;gLtNj Njitg;gLfpwJ. lHNghrhH[pq; lHNghrhH[; nra;j Bry; vQ;[pd; nlf;dhy[papy; vq;fspd; ePbj;j kw;Wk; xU ghuk;gupa ,aw;ifahf mDgtk; kw;Wk; vQ;[pd;fs; gw;wp Cjg;gl;l NfNrhiyd; vQ;[pd; mwpTk; N`hy;nrl; Mfpatw;Wf;Fk; ,ilNaahd lHNghrhH[Hfspd; cyfj;jukhd Fwpg;gplj;jFe;j NtWghL MFk;. tbtk; kw;Wk; cw;gj;jpahsiu ,q;Fjhd; Bry; vQ;dpdpd; gtH ,izf;fpwJ> mtHfs; cq;fs; ntspaPL kw;Wk; nray;jpwd; vQ;[pDf;F Njitahd ePbj;J Mfpatw;Wf;F lHNghrhH[H ciof;Fk; jpwd;> ghJfhg;gpd; Kf;fpakhdjhf cs;sJ. caupa juepiy kw;Wk; ek;gfkhd vQ;[pdpd; rpypz;lupy; mjpfkhd nray;jpwd; Mfpatw;wpw;F ngaH fhw;Nwhl;lj;ij fk;g;u]; nra;tNj tpsq;fpatHfs;.lHNghrhH[upd; NtiyahFk;. thA
fk;g;u]; nra;ag;gLfpd;w NghJ Mf;rp[d; %yf;$Wfs; xd;Wf;nfhd;W mUfpy; Ngf;nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j fhw;wpy; Vw;gLk; mjpfupg;ghdJ mjpfkhd vupnghUis mNj mstpyhd ,aw;ifahf Cjg;gl;l vQ;[pDf;F NrHf;f KbAk; vd;gijf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. ,J ,ae;jpu Mw;wiy mjpfupf;fpwJ. kw;Wk; vupj;jy; nray;Kiwapd; xl;Lnkhj;j
D
fk;g;u]upd; nray;ghL lHNghrhH[H vg;gb KiwahdJ lHgpDf;F Ntiynra;fpwJ?NeHvjpuhdJ. fk;g;u]H tPyhdJ
xU lHNghrhH[uhdJ ,uz;L NghH[;L];By; \hg;l; %yk; Kf;fpa gpupTfs; nfhz;L lHigDf;F ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ: lHigd; kw;Wk; lHigd; fk;g;u]H tPiyr; kw;Wk; fk;g;u]H. lHigd; vd;gJ Rw;Wtjhy;> fhw;wpy; caH-lHigd; tPy; kw;Wk; lHigd; jpirNtf Row;rp nfhz;Ltug;gl;L `Trpq; Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;lJ. mij mOj;JfpwJ. gpd;dH ntsptUk; thAit lHigd; fk;g;u]H `Trpq;fhdJ tPYf;Fs; topfhl;LtNj lHigd; caHjpirNtfk;> jho;T-mOj;j `T]pd; NtiyahFk;. ntsptUk; fhw;Wg; Nghf;if caH-mOj;jk;> thAtpypUe;J ngwg;gLk; Mw;wy; jho;T-jpirNtf fhw;Wg; lHigd; tPYf;Fj; jpUk;GfpwJ> Nghf;fpw;F tpuTjy; mjd; gpd;dH thAthdJ xU vd;wiof;fg;gLfpd;w xU ntspNaWk; ntspg;Gwg; gFjp nray;Kiw thapyhf khw;WfpwJ. thapyhf lHigd; ` rpq;if mOj;jg;gl;l fhw;W vQ;[pDf;Fs; tpl;L ntspNaWfpwJ. js;sg;gLfpwJ> ,J mjpfkhd
Mw;wiy cUthf;f mjpfkhd fk;g;u]Uk; ,uz;L ghfq;fisf; vupnghUis vupf;f vQ;[pid nfhz;Ls;sJ: fk;g;u]H tPy; mDkjpf;fpwJ.kw;Wk; fk;g;u]H `Trpq;.
T
rPy; upq;
n[Hdy; gpaupq;
lHigd; `Pl; \Py;L
gpaupq; `Trpq; Mapy; Ngl;by; Mapy; rPy; gpNsl;
jH];l; gpaupq;
fk;gu]H `Trpq; fk;g;u]H tPy;
Mf;RNalH
g+];l; N`h];
lHigd; tPy;
ftH gpNsl;
Nt];Nfl; thy;t; mnrk;g;sp lHigd; `Trpq;
X upq; rPy;
j;u];l; fhyH
Mapy; ];ypq;fH
Nt];l;Nfl; Mf;RNalH gpuhf;nfl
rPy; upq;
nray;jpwd; Nkk;ghl;ilAk; lHNghrhH[H Vd;?cUthf;FfpwJ. vdNt> rpwe;j Ngf;Nf[pq;> vil Nrkpg;G xU vQ;[pd; ,ae;jpu Mw;wiy ed;ikfs; kw;Wk; xl;Lnkhj;j cUthf;f vupnghUs;-fhw;W Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l vupnghUs; fyitia vupg;gjw;fhf rpf;fdk; Mfpatw;Wf;F> mNj tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,ae;jpu Nghd;W Fiwf;fg;gl;l ckpo;tpw;F Mw;wyhdJ gpd;dH thfdj;jpd; toptFf;fpd;w lHNghrhH[;nra;j tPy;fisr; Rw;witf;fpd;w Roy; vQ;[pDf;fhf vQ;[pd; msthdJ ,af;fj;ij cUthf;f Fiwf;fg;glyhk;.gp];ld;fis NkYk; fPOk;
efHj;JfpwJ. mjpfkhd ,ae;jpu lHNghrhH[pq; vd;gJ fpl;lj;jl;l Mw;wy;> vQ;[pd; cUthf;ff;$ba vspikahd Nfhl;ghL MFk;> mjpfkhd typik.,Ug;gpDk; lHNghrhH[H vd;gJ Bry; vQ;[pdpd; nray;ghl;bw;F vupnghUs; cwpQ;rg;gLk; Kd;ghf Kf;fpakhdJ kw;Wk; mjw;F xU Bry; vQ;[p s; Eiofpd;w cupa nghwpaikf;fg;gl;l ghfk; fhw;whdJ mOj;jg;gLtNj Njitg;gLfpwJ. lHNghrhH[pq; lHNghrhH[; nra;j Bry; vQ;[pd; nlf;dhy[papy; vq;fspd; ePbj;j kw;Wk; xU ghuk;gupa ,aw;ifahf mDgtk; kw;Wk; vQ;[pd;fs; gw;wp Cjg;gl;l NfNrhiyd; vQ;[pd; mwpTk; N`hy;nrl; Mfpatw;Wf;Fk; ,ilNaahd lHNghrhH[Hfspd; cyfj;jukhd Fwpg;gplj;jFe;j NtWghL MFk;. tbtk; kw;Wk; cw;gj;jpahsiu ,q;Fjhd; Bry; vQ;dpdpd; gtH ,izf;fpwJ> mtHfs; cq;fs; ntspaPL kw;Wk; nray;jpwd; vQ;[pDf;F Njitahd ePbj;J Mfpatw;Wf;F lHNghrhH[H ciof;Fk; jpwd;> ghJfhg;gpd; Kf;fpakhdjhf cs;sJ. caupa juepiy kw;Wk; ek;gfkhd vQ;[pdpd; rpypz;lupy; mjpfkhd nray;jpwd; Mfpatw;wpw;F ngaH fhw;Nwhl;lj;ij fk;g;u]; nra;tNj tpsq;fpatHfs;.lHNghrhH[upd; NtiyahFk;. thA
fk;g;u]; nra;ag;gLfpd;w NghJ Mf;rp[d; %yf;$Wfs; xd;Wf;nfhd;W mUfpy; Ngf;nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j fhw;wpy; Vw;gLk; mjpfupg;ghdJ mjpfkhd vupnghUis mNj mstpyhd ,aw;ifahf Cjg;gl;l vQ;[pDf;F NrHf;f KbAk; vd;gijf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. ,J ,ae;jpu Mw;wiy mjpfupf;fpwJ. kw;Wk; vupj;jy; nray;Kiwapd; xl;Lnkhj;j
D
fk;g;u]upd; nray;ghL lHNghrhH[H vg;gb KiwahdJ lHgpDf;F Ntiynra;fpwJ?NeHvjpuhdJ. fk;g;u]H tPyhdJ
xU lHNghrhH[uhdJ ,uz;L NghH[;L];By; \hg;l; %yk; Kf;fpa gpupTfs; nfhz;L lHigDf;F ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ: lHigd; kw;Wk; lHigd; fk;g;u]H tPiyr; kw;Wk; fk;g;u]H. lHigd; vd;gJ Rw;Wtjhy;> fhw;wpy; caH-lHigd; tPy; kw;Wk; lHigd; jpirNtf Row;rp nfhz;Ltug;gl;L `Trpq; Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;lJ. mij mOj;JfpwJ. gpd;dH ntsptUk; thAit lHigd; fk;g;u]H `Trpq;fhdJ tPYf;Fs; topfhl;LtNj lHigd; caHjpirNtfk;> jho;T-mOj;j `T]pd; NtiyahFk;. ntsptUk; fhw;Wg; Nghf;if caH-mOj;jk;> thAtpypUe;J ngwg;gLk; Mw;wy; jho;T-jpirNtf fhw;Wg; lHigd; tPYf;Fj; jpUk;GfpwJ> Nghf;fpw;F tpuTjy; mjd; gpd;dH thAthdJ xU vd;wiof;fg;gLfpd;w xU ntspNaWk; ntspg;Gwg; gFjp nray;Kiw thapyhf khw;WfpwJ. thapyhf lHigd; ` rpq;if mOj;jg;gl;l fhw;W vQ;[pDf;Fs; tpl;L ntspNaWfpwJ. js;sg;gLfpwJ> ,J mjpfkhd
Mw;wiy cUthf;f mjpfkhd fk;g;u]Uk; ,uz;L ghfq;fisf; vupnghUis vupf;f vQ;[pid nfhz;Ls;sJ: fk;g;u]H tPy; mDkjpf;fpwJ.kw;Wk; fk;g;u]H `Trpq;.
T
rPy; upq;
n[Hdy; gpaupq;
lHigd; `Pl; \Py;L
gpaupq; `Trpq; Mapy; Ngl;by; Mapy; rPy; gpNsl;
jH];l; gpaupq;
fk;gu]H `Trpq; fk;g;u]H tPy;
Mf;RNalH
g+];l; N`h];
lHigd; tPy;
ftH gpNsl;
Nt];Nfl; thy;t; mnrk;g;sp lHigd; `Trpq;
X upq; rPy;
j;u];l; fhyH
Mapy; ];ypq;fH
Nt];l;Nfl; Mf;RNalH gpuhf;nfl
rPy; upq;
Nt];l;Nfl; lHNghrhH[pq; vd;why; vd;d?
Nt];l;Nfl; lHNghrhH[pq;fhdJ lHNghrhH[H Ntfk; kw;Wk; mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jj;ijf;fl;Lg;gLj;Jjw;fhd vspikahd Mdhy; jpwd;kpf;f topia toq;FfpwJ>,J Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fspy; mjpfupf;Fk; jpwid Nkk;gLj;JfpwJ.
lHigd; `Trpq; msthdJ mjpfgl;r lHNghrhH[H Ntfk; mjpfkhfhky; ,Ug;gij cWjpnra;Ak; tifapy; NjHTnra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,J Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fisf; Fwpf;fpwJ> mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jk; Njitahdij tplTk; Fiwthf cs;sJ. xU rpwpa lHigd; `Trpq; nghUj;jg;gl;bUe;jhy;> mJ vg;gb caHe;j mjpfupf;Fk; Ntiynra;fpwJ?mOj;jkhdJ xt;nthU ,aq;Fk; epiyapYs;s vQ;[pdpYs;s Njitahd mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jk; fk;g;u]upypUe;J milag;ngw milag;gLk; NghJ> ntspNaWk; KbAk;. ,Ug;gpDk;> ,J vQ;[pd; thAtpd; xU rjtPjkhdJ Ntfj;ij mjpfupg;gjhy; lHigd; tPiy tpl;Ltpl;L lHNghrhH[H mjd; mjpfgl;r Neubahf ntspNaw;W igg;gpw;Fr; mDkjpf;fg;gLk; Ntfj;ij nry;y mDkjpg;gjw;F Nt];l;Nfl; kPWtij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. ,jdhy; thy;T jpwf;fpwJ. ,J lHNghrhH[H> vQ;[pd; my;yJ lHigDilaNtfj;ijf; ,uz;bd; NguopT Vw;gLfpwJ. fl;Lg;gLj;JfpwJ> vdNt
vQ;[pdhdJ Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; xU Nt];l;Nfl; lHNghrhH[H Ntfj;jpy; ,aq;fpf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fspy; xU NghJk; $l xU caHe;j rpwe;j mjpfupg;ig toq;f xU mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jj;ij rpwpa lHigid gad;gLj;JfpwJ> lHNghrhH[H toq;f KbAk;.Mdhy; xU Nt];l;Nfl; thy;tpidf; nfhz;L lHNghrhH[H NtfkhdJ ghJfhg;ghd epiyf;Ff; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
lHNghrhH[H nlf;dhy[p];
epWtg;gl;l> tYthd kw;Wk; nryT Fiwe;j epiyahd [pNahnkl;up lHNghrhH[Hfs; vq;fs; jahupg;G tuk;Gfs; midj;jpYk; cs;sd. ve;j lHigd; khWghLk; Njitapy;yhj ,lq;fspy; gad;ghLfSf;fhd cae;j nray;jpwd; kw;Wk; Fiwe;j nryTf;fhf mit njhlHe;J Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;lthW njhlHfpd;wd.
Fiwe;jJ Kjy; ,ilg;gl;l Mw;wy; mlHj;jpfSf;fhd nryT Fiwe;j> ek;gfkhd kw;Wk; ePbj;J ciof;ff;$ba Nt];l;Nfl; nlf;dhy[p];. mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jk; my;yJ ECU fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l Nlq;f; fhw;W %ykhf thy;tpd; epa+Nkl;bf; J}z;ly; rhj;jpakhfpwJ. Nlq;f; fhw;W ,y;yhj gad;ghLfSf;fhf> ekJ fkhz;l; thy;T nlf;dhy[pahdJ Nt];l;Nfl;bq;fpd; NkYk; fl;Lg;ghLfis mDkjpf;fpwJ.
1998 Kjypy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l N`hy;nrl; VGT MdJ EGR vQ;[pd;fSf;F kpfTk; nghUj;jkhd Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fspy; caHe;j mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jq;fs;>NtfkhfkhWfpd;w gjpy;Kiw kw;Wk; gz;Gfis mDkjpf;fpd;w xU gutyhd tupiria toq;FfpwJ. vq;fs; fhg;Gupik nra;ag;gl;l ];iybq; ehrpy; nlf;dhy[pahdJ kw;w ve;j khWk; lHigd; tbtj;ij tplTk; Fiwthd Nja;khd jsq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ> ,J Kd;ndg;nghOJk; ,y;yhj ePbj;J ciof;Fk; jd;ikiaf; nfhz;LtUfpwJ. KOikahd vQ;[pd; gpNuf;fpq; kw;Wk;l;uPl;nkd;bw;Fg; gpwfhd njHky; Nkyhz;ik jpwd;fs; Mfpait ek;gfj;jd;ik mjpfupf;fpd;w NghjpYk; xl;Lnkhj;j mikg;gpd; nryitf; Fiwf;fpwJ.
epiyahd [pNahnkl;up
Nt];l;Nfl;
khWk; [pNahnkl;up
,Uepiy
lHNghfhk;gTz;bq;;
fopT ntg;g tpupthf;fp
ngupa ,z;l];bupay; vQ;[pd;fspd; ,Uepiy lHNghrhH[pq;fpy; 25 tUlq;fSf;Fk; Nkyhd mDgtj;ijf; nfhz;L> ehq;fs; fk;g;u]H iggh]; cld; my;yJ ,y;yhky;>3.8 ypl;lHfs; Kjy; 78 ypl;lHfs; tiuapy; msTfisf; nfhz;l vQ;[pd;fSf;fhd ,Uepiy mikg;Gfs; tupiria toq;FfpNwhk;.
1991 ,y; Kjypy; re;ijf;F te;j ,e;j nlf;dhy[pahdJ> n`tp ba+l;b vQ;[pd;fspy; vupnghUs; nray;jpwid Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; ,e;jj; Jiwapy; ep&gpj;Js;sJ. ,e;j $Ljy; lTd;];l;uPk; lHigd; Mw;wiy mjw;Fj; jpUk;Gfpd;w ntspNaWk; ];l;uPkpypUe;J f;uhq;\hg;l;bw;F gpupf;fpwJ> vupnghUs; cl;nfhs;siy (5% tiuapy;) Nkk;gLj;JfpwJ> EGR I ,af;f cjTfpwJ kw;Wk; gk;gpq; ,og;Gfis kPl;nlLf;fpwJ.
fopT ntg;g kPl;G mikg;Gfs; ntg;g Mw;wiy kPl;gjw;fhfTk;> vupnghUs; cl;nfhs;siy 5% f;Fk; Nky; Nkk;gLj;jTk; tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd> ,e;j ntg;g Mw;wy; kPl;fg;glhj gl;rj;jpy; mJ tspkz;lyj;jpy; ,og;ig Vw;gLj;Jk;. ntg;gkhdJ EGR $yHfs;> ntspNaw;W igg;fs; kw;Wk; Nud;fpd; irf;fps; mikg;igg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;w ntg;g %yq;fspypUe;J kPl;fg;gl KbAk;> ,e;j mikg;ghdJ ntg;g Mw;wiyg; gpupj;J mjid xU nray;jpwd;kpf;f> rpwpa lHigd; tpupthf;fpiag; gad;gLj;jp ,ae;jpu my;yJ kpd;rhu Mw;wyhf khw;WfpwJ.
Nt];l;Nfl; lHNghrhH[pq; vd;why; vd;d?
Nt];l;Nfl; lHNghrhH[pq;fhdJ lHNghrhH[H Ntfk; kw;Wk; mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jj;ijf;fl;Lg;gLj;Jjw;fhd vspikahd Mdhy; jpwd;kpf;f topia toq;FfpwJ>,J Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fspy; mjpfupf;Fk; jpwid Nkk;gLj;JfpwJ.
lHigd; `Trpq; msthdJ mjpfgl;r lHNghrhH[H Ntfk; mjpfkhfhky; ,Ug;gij cWjpnra;Ak; tifapy; NjHTnra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,J Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fisf; Fwpf;fpwJ> mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jk; Njitahdij tplTk; Fiwthf cs;sJ. xU rpwpa lHigd; `Trpq; nghUj;jg;gl;bUe;jhy;> mJ vg;gb caHe;j mjpfupf;Fk; Ntiynra;fpwJ?mOj;jkhdJ xt;nthU ,aq;Fk; epiyapYs;s vQ;[pdpYs;s Njitahd mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jk; fk;g;u]upypUe;J milag;ngw milag;gLk; NghJ> ntspNaWk; KbAk;. ,Ug;gpDk;> ,J vQ;[pd; thAtpd; xU rjtPjkhdJ Ntfj;ij mjpfupg;gjhy; lHigd; tPiy tpl;Ltpl;L lHNghrhH[H mjd; mjpfgl;r Neubahf ntspNaw;W igg;gpw;Fr; mDkjpf;fg;gLk; Ntfj;ij nry;y mDkjpg;gjw;F Nt];l;Nfl; kPWtij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. ,jdhy; thy;T jpwf;fpwJ. ,J lHNghrhH[H> vQ;[pd; my;yJ lHigDilaNtfj;ijf; ,uz;bd; NguopT Vw;gLfpwJ. fl;Lg;gLj;JfpwJ> vdNt
vQ;[pdhdJ Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; xU Nt];l;Nfl; lHNghrhH[H Ntfj;jpy; ,aq;fpf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fspy; xU NghJk; $l xU caHe;j rpwe;j mjpfupg;ig toq;f xU mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jj;ij rpwpa lHigid gad;gLj;JfpwJ> lHNghrhH[H toq;f KbAk;.Mdhy; xU Nt];l;Nfl; thy;tpidf; nfhz;L lHNghrhH[H NtfkhdJ ghJfhg;ghd epiyf;Ff; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
lHNghrhH[H nlf;dhy[p];
epWtg;gl;l> tYthd kw;Wk; nryT Fiwe;j epiyahd [pNahnkl;up lHNghrhH[Hfs; vq;fs; jahupg;G tuk;Gfs; midj;jpYk; cs;sd. ve;j lHigd; khWghLk; Njitapy;yhj ,lq;fspy; gad;ghLfSf;fhd cae;j nray;jpwd; kw;Wk; Fiwe;j nryTf;fhf mit njhlHe;J Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;lthW njhlHfpd;wd.
Fiwe;jJ Kjy; ,ilg;gl;l Mw;wy; mlHj;jpfSf;fhd nryT Fiwe;j> ek;gfkhd kw;Wk; ePbj;J ciof;ff;$ba Nt];l;Nfl; nlf;dhy[p];. mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jk; my;yJ ECU fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l Nlq;f; fhw;W %ykhf thy;tpd; epa+Nkl;bf; J}z;ly; rhj;jpakhfpwJ. Nlq;f; fhw;W ,y;yhj gad;ghLfSf;fhf> ekJ fkhz;l; thy;T nlf;dhy[pahdJ Nt];l;Nfl;bq;fpd; NkYk; fl;Lg;ghLfis mDkjpf;fpwJ.
1998 Kjypy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l N`hy;nrl; VGT MdJ EGR vQ;[pd;fSf;F kpfTk; nghUj;jkhd Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Ntfq;fspy; caHe;j mjpfupf;Fk; mOj;jq;fs;>NtfkhfkhWfpd;w gjpy;Kiw kw;Wk; gz;Gfis mDkjpf;fpd;w xU gutyhd tupiria toq;FfpwJ. vq;fs; fhg;Gupik nra;ag;gl;l ];iybq; ehrpy; nlf;dhy[pahdJ kw;w ve;j khWk; lHigd; tbtj;ij tplTk; Fiwthd Nja;khd jsq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ> ,J Kd;ndg;nghOJk; ,y;yhj ePbj;J ciof;Fk; jd;ikiaf; nfhz;LtUfpwJ. KOikahd vQ;[pd; gpNuf;fpq; kw;Wk;l;uPl;nkd;bw;Fg; gpwfhd njHky; Nkyhz;ik jpwd;fs; Mfpait ek;gfj;jd;ik mjpfupf;fpd;w NghjpYk; xl;Lnkhj;j mikg;gpd; nryitf; Fiwf;fpwJ.
epiyahd [pNahnkl;up
Nt];l;Nfl;
khWk; [pNahnkl;up
,Uepiy
lHNghfhk;gTz;bq;;
fopT ntg;g tpupthf;fp
ngupa ,z;l];bupay; vQ;[pd;fspd; ,Uepiy lHNghrhH[pq;fpy; 25 tUlq;fSf;Fk; Nkyhd mDgtj;ijf; nfhz;L> ehq;fs; fk;g;u]H iggh]; cld; my;yJ ,y;yhky;>3.8 ypl;lHfs; Kjy; 78 ypl;lHfs; tiuapy; msTfisf; nfhz;l vQ;[pd;fSf;fhd ,Uepiy mikg;Gfs; tupiria toq;FfpNwhk;.
1991 ,y; Kjypy; re;ijf;F te;j ,e;j nlf;dhy[pahdJ> n`tp ba+l;b vQ;[pd;fspy; vupnghUs; nray;jpwid Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; ,e;jj; Jiwapy; ep&gpj;Js;sJ. ,e;j $Ljy; lTd;];l;uPk; lHigd; Mw;wiy mjw;Fj; jpUk;Gfpd;w ntspNaWk; ];l;uPkpypUe;J f;uhq;\hg;l;bw;F gpupf;fpwJ> vupnghUs; cl;nfhs;siy (5% tiuapy;) Nkk;gLj;JfpwJ> EGR I ,af;f cjTfpwJ kw;Wk; gk;gpq; ,og;Gfis kPl;nlLf;fpwJ.
fopT ntg;g kPl;G mikg;Gfs; ntg;g Mw;wiy kPl;gjw;fhfTk;> vupnghUs; cl;nfhs;siy 5% f;Fk; Nky; Nkk;gLj;jTk; tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd> ,e;j ntg;g Mw;wy; kPl;fg;glhj gl;rj;jpy; mJ tspkz;lyj;jpy; ,og;ig Vw;gLj;Jk;. ntg;gkhdJ EGR $yHfs;> ntspNaw;W igg;fs; kw;Wk; Nud;fpd; irf;fps; mikg;igg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;w ntg;g %yq;fspypUe;J kPl;fg;gl KbAk;> ,e;j mikg;ghdJ ntg;g Mw;wiyg; gpupj;J mjid xU nray;jpwd;kpf;f> rpwpa lHigd; tpupthf;fpiag; gad;gLj;jp ,ae;jpu my;yJ kpd;rhu Mw;wyhf khw;WfpwJ.
nray;jpwDf;fhf Njitf;Fg; nghUj;Jjy;nghwpaikf;fg;gl;lJ
fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; ghuk;gupak; kw;Wk; epGzj;Jtk; Jy;ypakhd nghwpapay; nfhz;L vd;gJ xt;nthU gad;ghl;bw;Fk; lHNghrhH[H re;jpf;fpd;w rpwe;j rhj;jpakhd mjpfg;gbahd #o;epiyfisAk; nray;jpwDf;Fj; Njitahd kw;Wk; N`hy;nrl; %yg;nghUl;fisj; NjHe;njLf;f lHNghrhH[Hfspd; ek;gfkhd mDgtj;ijf; nfhz;L nray;ghL> nray;jpwd; kw;Wk; N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; njhlUk; ghJfhg;G Mfpatw;iw tbtikf;fg;gl;L cWjpg;gLj;j rupahd cw;gj;jpnra;ag;gl;Ls;sd %yg;nghUl;fspd; NjHT vd;gijf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. OEMfSld; neUf;fkhf
gzpGuptjd; %yk;> ehq;fs; mjd; epiyg;Gj; jd;ikgad;ghl;ilAk; mjDila
g];fs; kw;Wk; Fg;ig Nrfupf;Fk; ,af;f epiyfSk; buf;Ffs; Nghd;w caupa Row;rpg; Gupe;Jnfhz;Ls;Nshk;. ,e;j gad;ghLfspd; ,ay;ghdJ> ePbj;J mDgtkhdJ gad;ghl;Lf;Fupa ciof;Fk; ghfq;fisg; %yg;nghUl;fisj; gad;gLj;j lHNghrhH[iuf; NjHe;njLj;jypy; gadspf;fpwJ> nfhz;bUg;gJ mtrpakhfpwJ. mNjNtisapy; rpwe;j ,e;jg; gad;ghLfSf;F> rhj;jpakhd kjpg;ig N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; toq;Ffpd;wJ.ill;lhdpak; ,k;ngy;yHfs; nfhz;L cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,it jsHTj; Njhy;tpf;F Fiwe;j tha;g;igf; nfhz;Ls;sd kw;Wk; ,it N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfis ,e;j gad;ghLfs; re;jpf;Fk; neUf;fb #oy;fSf;Fr; rhj;jpakhd tifapy; ek;gfkhdjhfTk; typikahdjhfTk; cUthf;Ffpd;wd.
caupa Row;rp gad;ghLfs; caupa mjpfupf;Fk; ntg;gepiyfisAk; Fwpf;fpd;wd. fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfis typikahfTk; ePbj;J ciof;ff; $bajhfTk; cUthf;f> mNj Nghd;W ghJfhg;ghd vQ;[pd; ghfj;ij cUthf;fTk; thHg;gpUk;G fk;g;u]H ftHfisg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.
lHNghrhH[upd; MAis vt;thW mjpfupg;gJ?;
cw;gj;jpahsupd; gupe;Jiugb fhw;W kw;Wk; Mapy; gpy;l;lHfis rupahd ,ilntspapy; Nrhjid nra;aTk;
OE fhw;W gpy;l;lH kw;Wk;
Mapy; gpy;l;lHfis cgNahfpf;fTk;
OE cw;gj;jpahsH gupe;Jiuf;Fk; vQ;[pd; guhkupg;G ,ilntspfis gpd;gw;wTk;.
OE cw;gj;jpahsH gupe;Jiuf;Fk; Kiwahd juj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; vQ;[pd; Mapy;fis cgNahfpf;fTk;
ve;j xU fhuzj;jpw;fhfTk; lHNghrhH[H ePf;fg;gLk; NghJ gupe;Jiuf;fg;gl;l juj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; vQ;[pd; Mapy; epug;gg;gLfpwjh vd;gij cWjp nra;aTk;.
thfdj;ij ];lhHl; nra;jTld; Ntfg;gLj;j Ntz;lhk;.
thfdk; epWj;jg;gl;lJk; cldbahf vQ;[pid epWj;j Ntz;lhk;. thfdk; epWj;jg;gl;l gpwF 1-2 epkplq;fSf;F vQ;[pd; ,af;fkw;w epiyapy; itf;fTk;
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OE
cw;gj;jpahsH toq;Fk; mryhd
lHNghrhH[H gOJ ePf;fy; topKiwfs;
rg;jk; tUk; my;yJ
re;Njfj;jpw;fplkhd tifapyhd
lHNghrhH[Uld; vQ;[pid ,af;f
Ntz;lhk;. ,J xl;Lnkhj;j
vQ;[pd; ,af;fj;ij ghjpf;Fk;.
lHigd; `Trpq; my;yJ
fk;g;u]H `Trpq;fpy;
ntspj;Jfs;fspdhy; Vw;gLk;
ghjpg;G Nrjk; lHgid tPy;
my;yJ ,k;ngy;yupy; njspthf
njupAk;.
xU lHNghrhH[iu Nrjkile;j
gpNsLfSld; itj;J ,af;fij
njhlu Ntz;lhk;.,jdhy; Nuhl;lH
rkepiy ghjpf;fg;gLk; NkYk;
,jd; Nrit MAisg;
ghjpf;fyhk;.
mjpHr;rp Nrjk;;
ntspehl;L nghUs;fs; ,k;ngy;yiu Nrjg;gLj;Jk;
ntspehl;L nghUs;fs; lHigd; tPiy Nrjg;gLj;Jk;
nray;jpwDf;fhf Njitf;Fg; nghUj;Jjy;nghwpaikf;fg;gl;lJ
fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; ghuk;gupak; kw;Wk; epGzj;Jtk; Jy;ypakhd nghwpapay; nfhz;L vd;gJ xt;nthU gad;ghl;bw;Fk; lHNghrhH[H re;jpf;fpd;w rpwe;j rhj;jpakhd mjpfg;gbahd #o;epiyfisAk; nray;jpwDf;Fj; Njitahd kw;Wk; N`hy;nrl; %yg;nghUl;fisj; NjHe;njLf;f lHNghrhH[Hfspd; ek;gfkhd mDgtj;ijf; nfhz;L nray;ghL> nray;jpwd; kw;Wk; N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; njhlUk; ghJfhg;G Mfpatw;iw tbtikf;fg;gl;L cWjpg;gLj;j rupahd cw;gj;jpnra;ag;gl;Ls;sd %yg;nghUl;fspd; NjHT vd;gijf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. OEMfSld; neUf;fkhf
gzpGuptjd; %yk;> ehq;fs; mjd; epiyg;Gj; jd;ikgad;ghl;ilAk; mjDila
g];fs; kw;Wk; Fg;ig Nrfupf;Fk; ,af;f epiyfSk; buf;Ffs; Nghd;w caupa Row;rpg; Gupe;Jnfhz;Ls;Nshk;. ,e;j gad;ghLfspd; ,ay;ghdJ> ePbj;J mDgtkhdJ gad;ghl;Lf;Fupa ciof;Fk; ghfq;fisg; %yg;nghUl;fisj; gad;gLj;j lHNghrhH[iuf; NjHe;njLj;jypy; gadspf;fpwJ> nfhz;bUg;gJ mtrpakhfpwJ. mNjNtisapy; rpwe;j ,e;jg; gad;ghLfSf;F> rhj;jpakhd kjpg;ig N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfs; toq;Ffpd;wJ.ill;lhdpak; ,k;ngy;yHfs; nfhz;L cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,it jsHTj; Njhy;tpf;F Fiwe;j tha;g;igf; nfhz;Ls;sd kw;Wk; ,it N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfis ,e;j gad;ghLfs; re;jpf;Fk; neUf;fb #oy;fSf;Fr; rhj;jpakhd tifapy; ek;gfkhdjhfTk; typikahdjhfTk; cUthf;Ffpd;wd.
caupa Row;rp gad;ghLfs; caupa mjpfupf;Fk; ntg;gepiyfisAk; Fwpf;fpd;wd. fk;kpd;]; lHNgh nlf;dhy[p]; N`hy;nrl; lHNghrhH[Hfis typikahfTk; ePbj;J ciof;ff; $bajhfTk; cUthf;f> mNj Nghd;W ghJfhg;ghd vQ;[pd; ghfj;ij cUthf;fTk; thHg;gpUk;G fk;g;u]H ftHfisg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.
lHNghrhH[upd; MAis vt;thW mjpfupg;gJ?;
cw;gj;jpahsupd; gupe;Jiugb fhw;W kw;Wk; Mapy; gpy;l;lHfis rupahd ,ilntspapy; Nrhjid nra;aTk;
OE fhw;W gpy;l;lH kw;Wk;
Mapy; gpy;l;lHfis cgNahfpf;fTk;
OE cw;gj;jpahsH gupe;Jiuf;Fk; vQ;[pd; guhkupg;G ,ilntspfis gpd;gw;wTk;.
OE cw;gj;jpahsH gupe;Jiuf;Fk; Kiwahd juj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; vQ;[pd; Mapy;fis cgNahfpf;fTk;
ve;j xU fhuzj;jpw;fhfTk; lHNghrhH[H ePf;fg;gLk; NghJ gupe;Jiuf;fg;gl;l juj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; vQ;[pd; Mapy; epug;gg;gLfpwjh vd;gij cWjp nra;aTk;.
thfdj;ij ];lhHl; nra;jTld; Ntfg;gLj;j Ntz;lhk;.
thfdk; epWj;jg;gl;lJk; cldbahf vQ;[pid epWj;j Ntz;lhk;. thfdk; epWj;jg;gl;l gpwF 1-2 epkplq;fSf;F vQ;[pd; ,af;fkw;w epiyapy; itf;fTk;
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OE
cw;gj;jpahsH toq;Fk; mryhd
lHNghrhH[H gOJ ePf;fy; topKiwfs;
rg;jk; tUk; my;yJ
re;Njfj;jpw;fplkhd tifapyhd
lHNghrhH[Uld; vQ;[pid ,af;f
Ntz;lhk;. ,J xl;Lnkhj;j
vQ;[pd; ,af;fj;ij ghjpf;Fk;.
lHigd; `Trpq; my;yJ
fk;g;u]H `Trpq;fpy;
ntspj;Jfs;fspdhy; Vw;gLk;
ghjpg;G Nrjk; lHgid tPy;
my;yJ ,k;ngy;yupy; njspthf
njupAk;.
xU lHNghrhH[iu Nrjkile;j
gpNsLfSld; itj;J ,af;fij
njhlu Ntz;lhk;.,jdhy; Nuhl;lH
rkepiy ghjpf;fg;gLk; NkYk;
,jd; Nrit MAisg;
ghjpf;fyhk;.
mjpHr;rp Nrjk;;
ntspehl;L nghUs;fs; ,k;ngy;yiu Nrjg;gLj;Jk;
ntspehl;L nghUs;fs; lHigd; tPiy Nrjg;gLj;Jk;
#lhf epWj;Jtjpdhy; gpaupq; Nrjk;
\hg;by; fhHgd; cUthFjy;
fhHgd; cUthFjy;;
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mjpfg;gbahf ntspg;gLk; ntg;gepiyfspd; FiwghLfs; my;yJ vQ;[pid #lhd epiyapy; epWj;Jtjhy; fhHgd; cUthf;FtJ Vw;gLk;. tz;bia epWj;Jtjw;F Kd;G gpaupq; mikg;G Fspuhf ,uz;L Kjy; %d;W epkplq;fSf;F vQ;[pid epWj;JkhW cq;fSf;F gupe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpwJ. lHigd; gFjpapy; Vw;gLk; #lhd #l;Lg; gbTfs; n`srpq;fpy; nry;tjhy; Mapy; fhHgNdw;wk; kw;Wk; gpaupq; mikg;gpy; rpijT Vw;gLk;. \hgl; \Py; tisak; kw;Wk; F&t;fs;> lHigd; gFjp gpaupq; kw;Wk; gpaupq; n`srpq; Mapy; biud; Nftpl;b gpshf;Nf[; Nghd;wtw;wpy; Kf;fpa Nrjq;fs; Vw;gLk;.
fhHgd; cUthFtJ ,jdhy; Vw;glyhk;:
vQ;[pid #lhf epWj;JtJ.
rHtP]; nra;Ak; NghJ juk; Fiwe;j Mapy; nfhz;L fhHgidrpq; nra;tJ.
rupahd ,ilntspfspy; Mapiy khw;whky; ,Ug;gjpdhy; rHtP]; nra;Ak;NghJ Mapy; FiwT Vw;gLfpwJ.
fhw;W kw;Wk; thA frpTfs;.
jtwhd vupnghUs; nrYj;Jk; gk;g;,d;n[f;lHfs;.
lHNghrhH[iu khw;Wtjw;F Kd;G> NfhshWf;fhd fhuzj;ij ePq;fs; rupahf fz;lwpe;Js;sPuh vd;gij jaTnra;J cWjp nra;aTk;.
,jdhy; Vw;gLfpwJ:
mOf;fhd fhw;W Rj;jg;gLj;jp.
fhw;W cs;nsLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; mikg;G jilfs;.
tpupryile;Js;s ngupa tpspk;G/Nf];fl; ,y;yhjJ.
vupnghUs; gk;g;/,d;n[f;lHfs;/ thy;t; Neuk; rupahf mikf;fg;glhjJ.
Nt];l; Nfl;bq; jtwhf mikf;fg;gl;bUg;gJ.
lHNghrhH[H Nrjkile;jpUg;gJ.
,jdhy; Vw;gLfpwJ:
mOf;fhd fhw;W Rj;jg;gLj;jp.
fhw;W cs;nsLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; mikg;G jilfs;.
tpupryile;Js;s ngupa tpspk;G/Nf];fl; ,y;yhjJ.
ntspj; Jfs;fspd; ntspNaw;wy; jil.
vupnghUs; gk;g;/,d;n[f;lHfs;/ thy;t; Neuk; rupahf mikf;fg;glhjJ.
vupe;j thy;Tfs; kw;Wk;/my;yJ gp];ld;fs;
lHNghrhH[H Nrjkile;jpUg;gJ.
mjpfg;gbahd Gif
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mOf;F gbe;j \hg;l; mOf;F gbe;j gpaupq;
khRgw;w Mapy;
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Kf;fpakhd gpaupq; Nkw;gug;Gfspy; fbdkhd fPwy;fis Vw;gLj;jp lHNghrhH[iu khRgw;w Mapy; Nrjg;gLj;Jk;. Nrjq;fis jLg;gjw;F> Mapy; kw;Wk; gpy;l;lHfs; vQ;[pd; cw;gj;jpahsHfs; gupe;Jiuf;Fk; juj;jpy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. xU Gjpa lHNghrhH[H nghUj;jg;gLk; NghJk; NkYk; thfdk;/vQ;[pd; cw;gj;jpahsH tiuKiwf;F Vw;g rupahd ,ilntspfspYk; khw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;
khRgw;w Mapy; ghjpg;ghdJ gpd;tUtdtw;wpypUe;J Vw;glyhk;:
jilnra;ag;gl;l> Nrjkile;j my;yJ Nkhrkhd juk; nfhz;l Mapy; gpy;l;lH.
rHtP]; nra;Ak;NghJ Vw;gLk; mOf;F.
vQ;[pd; Nja;khdk; my;yJ cw;gj;jp rpijTfs;.
Mapy; /gpy;l;lH ig-gh]; thy;tpd; gpioahd nray;ghL.
juk; Fiwe;j Y}g;upNfrd; Mapy;.
gw;whf;Fiwahd Mapy; rg;is
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gw;whf;Fiwahd Mapy; rg;is gpd;tUtdtw;why; tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ:
rupahd epug;Gjy; ,y;yhky; lHNghrhH[iu uP-/gpl;bq; nra;jy;.
gad;gLj;jhky; ,Ue;j ePz;l fhyq;fs;.
cile;j my;yJ fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mapy; /gPl;; igg;.
Y}g;upNfrd; mikg;G rupahf ,aq;fhj fhuzj;jhy; Vw;gLk; Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Mapy; mOj;jk;;.
Mapy; fplq;fpy; Fiwthf my;yJ ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gJ.
Mapy; Xl;lj;ij jilnra;af; $ba rPyz;Lfspd; gad;ghL.
Gjpa Mapy; nfhz;L Mapy; /gpy;liu khw;Wjypy; Kd;epug;Gjy; nra;ahik. ,J Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl- tpy;iy vd;why; Mapy; mOj;jj;ij Vw;gLj;j vupnghUs; ,y;yhky; vQ;[pidr; Row;wTk;.
Mapy; mOj;jk; Vw;gLk; tiuapy; ,aq;fhj epiyfis mjpfg;gLj;j Ntz;lhk;.
rpypNfhd; rPyz;Lfis gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfs
#lhf epWj;Jtjpdhy; gpaupq; Nrjk;
\hg;by; fhHgd; cUthFjy;
fhHgd; cUthFjy;;
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mjpfg;gbahf ntspg;gLk; ntg;gepiyfspd; FiwghLfs; my;yJ vQ;[pid #lhd epiyapy; epWj;Jtjhy; fhHgd; cUthf;FtJ Vw;gLk;. tz;bia epWj;Jtjw;F Kd;G gpaupq; mikg;G Fspuhf ,uz;L Kjy; %d;W epkplq;fSf;F vQ;[pid epWj;JkhW cq;fSf;F gupe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpwJ. lHigd; gFjpapy; Vw;gLk; #lhd #l;Lg; gbTfs; n`srpq;fpy; nry;tjhy; Mapy; fhHgNdw;wk; kw;Wk; gpaupq; mikg;gpy; rpijT Vw;gLk;. \hgl; \Py; tisak; kw;Wk; F&t;fs;> lHigd; gFjp gpaupq; kw;Wk; gpaupq; n`srpq; Mapy; biud; Nftpl;b gpshf;Nf[; Nghd;wtw;wpy; Kf;fpa Nrjq;fs; Vw;gLk;.
fhHgd; cUthFtJ ,jdhy; Vw;glyhk;:
vQ;[pid #lhf epWj;JtJ.
rHtP]; nra;Ak; NghJ juk; Fiwe;j Mapy; nfhz;L fhHgidrpq; nra;tJ.
rupahd ,ilntspfspy; Mapiy khw;whky; ,Ug;gjpdhy; rHtP]; nra;Ak;NghJ Mapy; FiwT Vw;gLfpwJ.
fhw;W kw;Wk; thA frpTfs;.
jtwhd vupnghUs; nrYj;Jk; gk;g;,d;n[f;lHfs;.
lHNghrhH[iu khw;Wtjw;F Kd;G> NfhshWf;fhd fhuzj;ij ePq;fs; rupahf fz;lwpe;Js;sPuh vd;gij jaTnra;J cWjp nra;aTk;.
,jdhy; Vw;gLfpwJ:
mOf;fhd fhw;W Rj;jg;gLj;jp.
fhw;W cs;nsLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; mikg;G jilfs;.
tpupryile;Js;s ngupa tpspk;G/Nf];fl; ,y;yhjJ.
vupnghUs; gk;g;/,d;n[f;lHfs;/ thy;t; Neuk; rupahf mikf;fg;glhjJ.
Nt];l; Nfl;bq; jtwhf mikf;fg;gl;bUg;gJ.
lHNghrhH[H Nrjkile;jpUg;gJ.
,jdhy; Vw;gLfpwJ:
mOf;fhd fhw;W Rj;jg;gLj;jp.
fhw;W cs;nsLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; mikg;G jilfs;.
tpupryile;Js;s ngupa tpspk;G/Nf];fl; ,y;yhjJ.
ntspj; Jfs;fspd; ntspNaw;wy; jil.
vupnghUs; gk;g;/,d;n[f;lHfs;/ thy;t; Neuk; rupahf mikf;fg;glhjJ.
vupe;j thy;Tfs; kw;Wk;/my;yJ gp];ld;fs;
lHNghrhH[H Nrjkile;jpUg;gJ.
mjpfg;gbahd Gif
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khRgw;w Mapy;
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Kf;fpakhd gpaupq; Nkw;gug;Gfspy; fbdkhd fPwy;fis Vw;gLj;jp lHNghrhH[iu khRgw;w Mapy; Nrjg;gLj;Jk;. Nrjq;fis jLg;gjw;F> Mapy; kw;Wk; gpy;l;lHfs; vQ;[pd; cw;gj;jpahsHfs; gupe;Jiuf;Fk; juj;jpy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. xU Gjpa lHNghrhH[H nghUj;jg;gLk; NghJk; NkYk; thfdk;/vQ;[pd; cw;gj;jpahsH tiuKiwf;F Vw;g rupahd ,ilntspfspYk; khw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;
khRgw;w Mapy; ghjpg;ghdJ gpd;tUtdtw;wpypUe;J Vw;glyhk;:
jilnra;ag;gl;l> Nrjkile;j my;yJ Nkhrkhd juk; nfhz;l Mapy; gpy;l;lH.
rHtP]; nra;Ak;NghJ Vw;gLk; mOf;F.
vQ;[pd; Nja;khdk; my;yJ cw;gj;jp rpijTfs;.
Mapy; /gpy;l;lH ig-gh]; thy;tpd; gpioahd nray;ghL.
juk; Fiwe;j Y}g;upNfrd; Mapy;.
gw;whf;Fiwahd Mapy; rg;is
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gw;whf;Fiwahd Mapy; rg;is gpd;tUtdtw;why; tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ:
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gad;gLj;jhky; ,Ue;j ePz;l fhyq;fs;.
cile;j my;yJ fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mapy; /gPl;; igg;.
Y}g;upNfrd; mikg;G rupahf ,aq;fhj fhuzj;jhy; Vw;gLk; Fiwe;j vQ;[pd; Mapy; mOj;jk;;.
Mapy; fplq;fpy; Fiwthf my;yJ ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gJ.
Mapy; Xl;lj;ij jilnra;af; $ba rPyz;Lfspd; gad;ghL.
Gjpa Mapy; nfhz;L Mapy; /gpy;liu khw;Wjypy; Kd;epug;Gjy; nra;ahik. ,J Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl- tpy;iy vd;why; Mapy; mOj;jj;ij Vw;gLj;j vupnghUs; ,y;yhky; vQ;[pidr; Row;wTk;.
Mapy; mOj;jk; Vw;gLk; tiuapy; ,aq;fhj epiyfis mjpfg;gLj;j Ntz;lhk;.
rpypNfhd; rPyz;Lfis gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfs
rg;jk;/,iur;ry;
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epWj;Jk;> ,J Y}g;upNfrd; Mapypy; mOf;if Vw;gLj;Jk;.
fhw;W/thA frpT fhuzkhf mbf;fb Vw;gLk; rg;jk; /g;uP-lHigd; thA my;yJ fhw;W/g+];l; xU lHNghrhH[Uf;F Fwpg;gpl;l frpTfis ntspapLtjpdhy; Mf;]pay; kw;Wk; Nubay; Nuhl;lH Vw;gLfpwJ. mfw;wk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,J
rpyrkaq;fspy; Nrjkile;j midj;J ,izg;GfisAk; gpaupq;fshf jtwhf Nrhjpf;fTk;. rg;jk; njhlHe;jhy;> fz;lwpag;gl;bUf;Fk; (vQ;[pd; lHNghrhH[H Rj;jkhfTk; ifNaL my;yJ mUfpYs;s n`srpq;fpw;fhf tPy;fs; rupahf mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l N`hy;nrl; cs;sjh vd;gijAk; Nrhjpf;fTk;.tpw;gid gpujpepjpiag; ghHf;fTk;). mfw;WjyhdJ tiuaiw fle;J
lHNghrhH[H Nuhl;lH mnrk;gsp ,Ue;jhy; Y}g;upNfrd; Mapy; ,Wf gpbj;jhNyh my;yJ Roy rpf;fiy Vw;gLj;jyhk;> mjhtJ Kbahky; ,Wf;fkhf ,Ug;gjw;F gw;whf;Fiwahd Mapy;>J}rp fhuzk; Y}g;upNfrd; Mapy; cl;nry;Yjy;> $yz;l; cld; FiwghL MFk;> gpaupq; n`srpq; Mapy; khRgLjy;.cl;gFjpapy; mjpfg;gbahd
rpf;fYf;fhd mbg;gil fhuzk; fhHgid ,J Vw;gLj;jp>
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rupnra;ag;gl;lJ vd;why;> cq;fs; gw;whf;Fiwahd my;yJ tpl;L
rpf;fy; ePbj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk; tpl;L Jspahf tUk; Mapy;
vd;gij epidtpy; nfhs;sTk;.mOj;jk; Nuhl;lH ,af;fj;ij
®ReConePbj;jpUf;Fk; jd;ikia Nehf;fp> cldb nghUj;Jtjw;F jahuhf kW
cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fis fk;kpd;]; mwpKfk; nra;Js;sJ. ReCon
nghUl;fs; vd;git rupnra;ag;gl;lit my;yJ kPz;Lk; cUthf;fg;gl;lit
kl;Lky;y@ ,itfs; cyfk; KOtjpYk; cs;s njhopw;rhiyfspy; kW
cUthf;fk; nra;ag;gl;lit NkYk; ,itfs;; ISO 9000.
Nghd;w cyfk; KOtjpYk; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l jur;rhd;W
ngw;wit. kW cUthf;fk; nra;tjw;F 85 % Fiwthd Mw;wNy NghJkhdJ NkYk; ,it f;uPd; `T];
thAf;fis Fiwf;fTk; cjTfpwJ.
ReCon: xU J}a;ikahd Rw;Wr;#oiy cUthf;Ftjw;fhd
nghWg;G. gRikf;F khWNthk;.
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lHNghrhH[H Nuhl;lH mnrk;gsp ,Ue;jhy; Y}g;upNfrd; Mapy; ,Wf gpbj;jhNyh my;yJ Roy rpf;fiy Vw;gLj;jyhk;> mjhtJ Kbahky; ,Wf;fkhf ,Ug;gjw;F gw;whf;Fiwahd Mapy;>J}rp fhuzk; Y}g;upNfrd; Mapy; cl;nry;Yjy;> $yz;l; cld; FiwghL MFk;> gpaupq; n`srpq; Mapy; khRgLjy;.cl;gFjpapy; mjpfg;gbahd
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nghUl;fs; vd;git rupnra;ag;gl;lit my;yJ kPz;Lk; cUthf;fg;gl;lit
kl;Lky;y@ ,itfs; cyfk; KOtjpYk; cs;s njhopw;rhiyfspy; kW
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cq;fsJ mUfhikapy; cs;s tpw;gidahsH / mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l Nrit ikak;
gjpg;Gupik 2012, fk;kpd;]; ypl;. midj;J cupikfSk; ghJfhf;fg;gl;lJ. VGT
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gFjp vz;. 3677428 ,d; gjpTnra;ag;gl;l tzpfr; rpd;dq;fs; Rev.01 Ref. PT vngf;l; Njjp: 10:12