HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World War II Section 1:Threats to World Peace Section 2:Hitler’s Aggressions

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World HistoryWorld HistoryTHE HUMAN JOURNEYTHE HUMAN JOURNEY

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON

World War IIWorld War IISection 1:Section 1: Threats to World PeaceThreats to World Peace

Section 2:Section 2: Hitler’s AggressionsHitler’s Aggressions

Section 3:Section 3: Axis GainsAxis Gains

Section 4:Section 4: The Soviet Union and the United StatesThe Soviet Union and the United States

Section 5:Section 5: The HolocaustThe Holocaust

Section 6:Section 6: The End of the WarThe End of the War

CHAPTER 30CHAPTER 30

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Objectives:Objectives:Analyze why Japan and Italy were able to carry Analyze why Japan and Italy were able to carry

out aggressive territorial policies in the 1930s.out aggressive territorial policies in the 1930s.Explain why the League of Nations was unable to Explain why the League of Nations was unable to

stop international aggression.stop international aggression.Describe how Spain’s civil war led to a fascist Describe how Spain’s civil war led to a fascist

dictatorship there.dictatorship there.

Section 1: Section 1:

Threats to World PeaceThreats to World PeaceThreats to World PeaceThreats to World Peace

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Japanese Aggression in AsiaJapanese Aggression in AsiaLeague of Nations didn’t protect ChinaLeague of Nations didn’t protect China



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Italy’s Conquest of EthiopiaItaly’s Conquest of EthiopiaLeague of Nations couldn’t protect Ethiopia since League of Nations couldn’t protect Ethiopia since

it had no armed forcesit had no armed forcesNo major powers were willing to enforce No major powers were willing to enforce

League’s sanctionsLeague’s sanctions



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Civil War in SpainCivil War in SpainNationalists versus Loyalists – Nationalists were Nationalists versus Loyalists – Nationalists were

led by Franco; Republicans were Loyalistsled by Franco; Republicans were LoyalistsForeign assistance to Spain – antifascist countries Foreign assistance to Spain – antifascist countries

supported Nationalists and defeated Loyalists; supported Nationalists and defeated Loyalists; Franco created dictatorshipFranco created dictatorship



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Objectives:Objectives: Explain how Hitler took over Austria and Czechoslovakia.Explain how Hitler took over Austria and Czechoslovakia. Discuss how and why Great Britain and France attempted Discuss how and why Great Britain and France attempted

to avoid another war.to avoid another war. Describe how Great Britain and France prepared for war.Describe how Great Britain and France prepared for war. Discuss why Hitler and Stalin created the Nazi-Soviet Discuss why Hitler and Stalin created the Nazi-Soviet

Pact, and how Western nations responded to Hitler’s Pact, and how Western nations responded to Hitler’s invasion of Poland.invasion of Poland.


Hitler’s AggressionsHitler’s AggressionsHitler’s AggressionsHitler’s Aggressions

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Austria and CzechoslovakiaAustria and CzechoslovakiaAnnexing Austria – Hitler invaded and declared Annexing Austria – Hitler invaded and declared

Austria part of Third ReichAustria part of Third ReichCrisis in the Sudetenland – Czechoslovakia Crisis in the Sudetenland – Czechoslovakia

declared martial law in response to riotsdeclared martial law in response to riotsAppeasement – British and French leaders Appeasement – British and French leaders

accepted Hitler’s demands to avoid conflictaccepted Hitler’s demands to avoid conflict



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Preparations for WarPreparations for War Negotiating with Stalin – Great Britain and France tried to Negotiating with Stalin – Great Britain and France tried to

make alliance with Sovietsmake alliance with Soviets The Nazi-Soviet Pact – stated that Germany and Soviet The Nazi-Soviet Pact – stated that Germany and Soviet

Union would never attack each other; secretly agreed to Union would never attack each other; secretly agreed to divide eastern Europedivide eastern Europe

Danzig and the Polish Corridor – Hitler invaded Poland to Danzig and the Polish Corridor – Hitler invaded Poland to gain control of Danzig and Polish Corridor, in response gain control of Danzig and Polish Corridor, in response Great Britain and France declared war on GermanyGreat Britain and France declared war on Germany



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Objectives:Objectives:Explain how German control of Norway, Explain how German control of Norway,

Denmark, and the Low Countries benefited Hitler.Denmark, and the Low Countries benefited Hitler.Describe the success of German forces in France.Describe the success of German forces in France.Identify the Battle of Britain and the reasons the Identify the Battle of Britain and the reasons the

Germans could not win it.Germans could not win it.Describe the role of the United States at the Describe the role of the United States at the

beginning of the war and how that role changed.beginning of the war and how that role changed.


Axis GainsAxis GainsAxis GainsAxis Gains

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The “Phony War”The “Phony War”Scandinavia and the Low Countries – Germany Scandinavia and the Low Countries – Germany

could outflank France’s Maginot Linecould outflank France’s Maginot LineEvacuation of Dunkerque – Allied troops escaped Evacuation of Dunkerque – Allied troops escaped

with help from British air forcewith help from British air force



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The Fall of FranceThe Fall of FranceThe French Resistance – German forces occupied The French Resistance – German forces occupied

France, collaborated with Vichy governmentFrance, collaborated with Vichy government



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The Battle of BritainThe Battle of BritainAir attacks on military sites, railroads, civilian and Air attacks on military sites, railroads, civilian and

industrial targetsindustrial targetsRoyal Air Force flew night and day, used radar to Royal Air Force flew night and day, used radar to

identify enemy aircraft and shipsidentify enemy aircraft and ships



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United States InvolvementUnited States InvolvementNeutrality Acts – United States wished to stay Neutrality Acts – United States wished to stay

neutralneutralLend-Lease Act – allowed United States to supply Lend-Lease Act – allowed United States to supply

war materials to Great Britain on creditwar materials to Great Britain on credit



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The Atlantic CharterThe Atlantic CharterUnited States fought against German submarinesUnited States fought against German submarinesUnited States protected ships in western AtlanticUnited States protected ships in western Atlantic



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Objectives:Objectives: Identify the steps the Axis Powers took to gain control of Identify the steps the Axis Powers took to gain control of

eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa.eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. Describe how Germany planned to gain control of the Describe how Germany planned to gain control of the

Soviet Union and evaluate the Soviets’ defense.Soviet Union and evaluate the Soviets’ defense. Explain how Japan’s goals in the Pacific led to war with Explain how Japan’s goals in the Pacific led to war with

Britain and the United States.Britain and the United States.


The Soviet Union and the United StatesThe Soviet Union and the United StatesThe Soviet Union and the United StatesThe Soviet Union and the United States

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Eastern Europe and the MediterraneanEastern Europe and the MediterraneanMussolini invaded Egypt and Greece, but was Mussolini invaded Egypt and Greece, but was

driven out by Britishdriven out by BritishGermany took Yugoslavia, Greece, CreteGermany took Yugoslavia, Greece, CreteRommel controlled LibyaRommel controlled Libya



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Germany’s Attack on the Soviet UnionGermany’s Attack on the Soviet UnionGermany invaded Soviet Union, marched into Germany invaded Soviet Union, marched into

StalingradStalingradThe Soviet defense – scorched-earth methods and The Soviet defense – scorched-earth methods and

guerrilla attacksguerrilla attacks



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Japanese Aggressions in the PacificJapanese Aggressions in the PacificJapan pushed farther into China, cut off BritishJapan pushed farther into China, cut off British

sea routesea routeJapan formed alliance with Germany and ItalyJapan formed alliance with Germany and ItalyUnited States placed embargo on oil and scrap ironUnited States placed embargo on oil and scrap iron



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American Entry into the WarAmerican Entry into the WarJapan’s expansion in Southeast Asia and the Japan’s expansion in Southeast Asia and the

Pacific threatened United States and British Pacific threatened United States and British interestsinterests



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Objectives:Objectives:Explain how the Final Solution was developed.Explain how the Final Solution was developed.Describe conditions in the concentration camps.Describe conditions in the concentration camps.Identify ways different people resisted the Identify ways different people resisted the

Holocaust.Holocaust.


The HolocaustThe HolocaustThe HolocaustThe Holocaust

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Hitler’s “New Order”Hitler’s “New Order”New Order – pure “Aryan Race”New Order – pure “Aryan Race”Final Solution – destruction of Jewish populationFinal Solution – destruction of Jewish population



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Concentration CampsConcentration CampsUnspeakable conditions: forced labor, brutality, Unspeakable conditions: forced labor, brutality,

starvation, filth, diseasestarvation, filth, disease



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Resisting the HolocaustResisting the HolocaustJews went into hiding, fought backJews went into hiding, fought backSome escaped with help of non-JewsSome escaped with help of non-Jews



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Objectives:Objectives:Identify the outcomes of Allied military actions Identify the outcomes of Allied military actions

in the Soviet Union, North Africa, Italy, and the in the Soviet Union, North Africa, Italy, and the Atlantic.Atlantic.

Describe how the Allies were able to achieve Describe how the Allies were able to achieve victory in Europe.victory in Europe.

List the steps the Allies took to end the war List the steps the Allies took to end the war with Japan.with Japan.


The End of the WarThe End of the WarThe End of the WarThe End of the War

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Important OffensivesImportant OffensivesBattle of Stalingrad – Soviet Union saved Battle of Stalingrad – Soviet Union saved

StalingradStalingradMediterranean safer for AlliesMediterranean safer for AlliesUnited States and British took SicilyUnited States and British took Sicily



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The War at Sea and in the AirThe War at Sea and in the AirBattle of Midway – turning pointBattle of Midway – turning pointVictories at Coral Sea, Guadalcanal, Solomon Victories at Coral Sea, Guadalcanal, Solomon

Islands, Marshall Islands, New Guinea, MarianasIslands, Marshall Islands, New Guinea, Marianas



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Victory in EuropeVictory in EuropeD-Day – invasion of Allied troops into FranceD-Day – invasion of Allied troops into FranceBattle of the Bulge – Allies turned back German Battle of the Bulge – Allies turned back German

drivedriveV-E Day – Victory in EuropeV-E Day – Victory in Europe



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Victory Over JapanVictory Over JapanYalta and Potsdam – Allied leaders agreed to Yalta and Potsdam – Allied leaders agreed to

divide Germanydivide GermanyJapanese surrender – atomic bombs dropped on Japanese surrender – atomic bombs dropped on

Hiroshima and Nagasaki; V-J DayHiroshima and Nagasaki; V-J DayCosts of the war – millions killed or wounded, Costs of the war – millions killed or wounded,

human rights violations, use of nuclear weaponshuman rights violations, use of nuclear weapons



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HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World War II Section 1:Threats to World Peace Section 2:Hitler’s Aggressions