Homestead Farming System (HFS)-A way to improve nutrition and income for the landless poor in Southwest Bangladesh

7/28/2019 Homestead Farming System (HFS)-A way to improve nutrition and income for the landless poor in Southwest Bangladesh

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CPWF Ganges

Basin Development Challenge

Increasing the Resilience of Agricultural and

Aquaculture Systems in the Coastal Areas of

the Ganges Delta


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G2 Develop, evaluate, adapt new & improved cropping &

aquaculture systemsetc

G1 Use of suitability domain maps as a decisions support tools

G3 Better polder governance through reduced conflict between

fishermen & farmers

G4 Understanding of the key external drivers of change in water

resources

G5 Establish a policy framework for scaling up/out of

technologies to enable changes in HH of Ganges coastal

zone

5 research projects


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G2 - Productive, profitable, resilient

agriculture & aquaculture systems

3


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Homestead Farming System (HFS)-A way to improve nutrition and

income for the landless poor in

Southwest Bangladesh


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Poverty in Coastal Zone of Bangladesh

Among worlds poorest,

most food insecure

and vulnerable


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Tidal River System in Southwest Bangladesh


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Polder 30

Typical Polder


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Lack of Maintenance in Polders


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Polder 31

Polder 30

River

Inlet to sluice gate

Sluice gate on river side

Sluice gate inside the polder

Focal study area the coastal zone of SW Bangladesh

Salinity intrusion (BWDB 2012)

Siltation in river beds (Haq 2007)

Increased water logging (FAO-WFP

2011)

Flooding (Uttaran 2009)

Seasonal food insecurity (WFP 2006)


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Land use pattern


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What if flooding?


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Large changes in salinity through the year

Movement of the 4ppt water

salinity boundary in early

2011


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Increasing area affected by soil salinity

Soil salinity

NoneVery slight

Slight

Strong

Very strong


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Lower salinity - on high land

Better access to supply channels and markets than fields

Scope of women empowerment

Most of the production is consumed by the household

Less risk of poaching of high value products (vegetable, fruit,fish, chickens, cattle)

Freshwater source (usually homestead ponds have freshwater)

Reuse and recycling of resources can be more efficient

Why are we interested in homestead farming systems (HFS)


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Reuse and Recycling in HFS


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HFS Survey Areas

Polder3: High Saline

Polder 30: Medium Saline

Polder43/2/F: Low Saline


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Objectives

To characterize homestead farming system

To understand current use of resources and

productivity

To explore opportunities of improvement


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Methodology

Household lists were collected from the Union Parishad,

Stratified random sampling (survey area covered polder 43/2/F and 30

and southern part of Polder 3 which was subdivided into highland andlowland)

SPSS software was used to randomly select households from each

strata.

Sampling was conducted at a 5% level of interval and total 1,280

households were surveyed.

All statistical analysis was executed using the statistical software package

SPSS-20.

StrataNumber of

householdsHouseholds sampled

Polder 3L 3,836 306

Polder 3H 4,867 232

Polder 30 9,507 381Polder 43/2/F 5,833 361

Total 24,043 1,280


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Key Findings


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The importance of homestead for the functionally landless group

Average Land distribution

Polder-30 Polder-3H Polder-3L Polder-

43

All

polder

Field Land Area (%) 81.3 77 85.5 75.5 79.5Average Field Land Area (ha)

0.311 0.246 0.457 0.356 0.348

Homestead Land Area (%) 18.7 23 14.5 24.5 20.5

Average Homestead Land Area (ha) 0.068 0.072 0.076 0.121 0.085

Average Land distribution among the functionally landless category

Field Land Area (%) 36 27 23 30 29

Average Field Land Area (ha) 0.020 0.012 0.012 0.020 0.016

Homestead Land Area (%) 64 73 77 70 71

Average Homestead Land Area (ha) 0.036 0.032 0.040 0.048 0.040


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0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

Functionally Landless Small Marginal

Taka/hh/year

Average off farm income (TK)

Average farm income from Homesteads (TK)

Average farm income from Field (TK)

Household farm income contributes more than from field for

functionally landless people


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

National (2005) Surveyed

Households

marginal small Functionally

landless

%

ofpeople

Percentage of People Living Below National Poverty Line (

Income


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Components of HFS and Integration


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Contribution of HFS to Household Income


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Consumption

0.87

0.54 0.520.56 0.56

Fish Fruit Poultry meat Poultry egg Vegetable

HHfoodconsu

mption

HH food production

Correlation between HH food production and Its consumption

Correlation coefficient (r) at P


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BCR (including household labor)ProductionSystem Polder-30 Polder-3H Polder-3L Polder-43 All PolderAquaculture 1.79 1.14 1.10 0.84 1.19Vegetable 0.44 0.76 1.78 0.51 0.68Poultry 0.27 0.49 0.27 0.17 0.26Livestock 0.72 0.86 1.03 0.43 0.73

Benefit cost ratio for different homestead farm components

BCR (excluding household labor)

Production

System Polder-30 Polder-3H Polder-3L Polder-43 All PolderAquaculture 3.1 2.1 1.7 1.1 1.8

Vegetable 2.2 3.5 4.6 2.7 3.1

Poultry 0.9 2.0 1.2 0.7 1.0

Livestock 1.4 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.8


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Present farming practice and productivity


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Areas of intensification


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

DwellingHouse

Yard Poultry Livestockshade

Fruitgarden/trees

vegetablegarden

Pond Tree coveredarea

Area(Dec)

Homestead land use pattern


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Comparative Aquaculture Production

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

FishProductionKg/ha

House hold

National average production Improved average production

Household production Linear (Household production)


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Homestead Pond Types

Research plan for 2013


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Research plan for 2013Purpose:

Establish a women led participatory action research for improving income and

nutrition benefits to homesteads from challenged/shaded homestead ponds

Key questions for 2013 research

How household consumption and income can be increased through

improved productivity from small shaded ponds without hampering

regular household pond water uses considering -

suitable species composition?

feeding compositions and strategy?

How womens capacity of decision making and control of resources can be

improved through their involvement in shaded pond fish farming?


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Locations & new partners under umbrella of G2

Polder 3: G2, AAS

Polder 30: G2, AAS

Polder 43: G2, FtF-Aq

Polder 5: SmartFarm

Polder 39: SmartFarm

P3

P30

P43

P39

P5

Barisal

Faridpur

Jessore

Bari

sal

Jess

ore

Research Process


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Research Process


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[

Technology options:

Small indigenous fish

Higher value and air breathing fish Stress tolerant catfish

Carp, tilapia

Developing suitable feeding

a. Light trap at night for attracting insects

b. Increasing benthic populationc. Insects/ants as feed by their commercial propagation

Integrating with floating vegetable production or small ruminants

Different species combination for brackish water

Cages for nursing of fry to fingerling of GIFT


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TECHNOLOGY 1

TECHNOLOGY 2

TECHNOLOGY 3

ADAPTED

TECHNOLOGY 1

ADAPTEDTECHNOLOGY 2

ADAPTED

TECHNOLOGY 3

Three top technology preferred by the women group will be tested through

participatory action research process

Community consultation Guideline


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Community consultation Guideline Homestead resources mapping

Identifying major homestead farming

components

Role of pond in homestead system

and its integration with other farming

practices

SWOT analysis of pond aquaculture

Identifying species preferences(matrix)

Identifying preference for fish feeding

(matrix)

Finding possible ways of increased

integration among homestead farming

components



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Finding options for addressing multiple use of homestead ponds

Annual water calendar and water use from homestead ponds

Women participation in homestead farming system (HFS) Role of women in household decision making including HFS

Women perspective about nutrition

How women participation can be in HFS product marketing

Cooperation and joint participation for increased productivity and

profitability

Role of women in HFS participatory technology development and

knowledge sharing



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Participatory Mapping of HFS


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Water availability in homestead ponds, use pattern and

preference


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Women are Interested in Aquaculture

Fish Preference by Women


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Fish Preference by Women

Fish Feed Preference by Women


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Fish Feed Preference by Women

Commercial

Feed

Home made

feed

Kitchen

waste

Insects &

other

naturally

available

feed

Women Preference for Participating Different Activities of


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Women Preference for Participating Different Activities of

Aquaculture

Fish sale Fish harvest

Fish feeding monitoring Fish stocking

k l


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Activity Jun

e

July August September October November December

Q4 Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Pond preparationOrientation

workshop in

Khulna

3rd

Stocking

Farmers training

Refresher

training

Linkage meeting

Group meeting

Feeding Every day morning and Evening by the women farmers

Fish sampling

Monitoring &

Record keeping

Participatory record keeping by the women farmers which will be checked by implementation team

members during group meeting

Harvesting for

regularconsumption

Harvesting for

sale

Participatory

Evaluation

Learning sharing

workshop

2013 Work plan


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References

BWDB. 2012. Water Management Review in Polder 26, polder45

FAO-WFP. 2011. A Rapid Food Security Assessment of Satkhira

district.

Haq, A. H. M. R.; 2007. ADB nurturing CEP- the ecological

hierarchy of catastrophe. CDP publication for ADBs 40th AGM

held 2007 In Kyoto.JapanUttaran. 2009. Flood 2009: Situation Assessment- Climate

Change Worsens Disaster Risks for Communities in Southwest

Coastal Region of Bangladesh.WFP. 2006. Food Security Assessment in Bangladesh- Issues

and Implications for Mapping Food Insecurity and Vulnerability.


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Thanks to all

Documents

Homestead Farming System (HFS)-A way to improve nutrition and income for the landless poor in Southwest Bangladesh