Honors BiologyCh 4

THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

M1: Ecology Study of large scale stuff

M2: Molecules to Organisms Study of really small scale stuff

M3: Heredity Study of why you look like your parents

M4: Evolution Study of how we change throughout time

BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

In our biosphere, everything is made of atoms

BIOLOGY HEARTS CHEMISTRY

Basic unit of matterProtons

+ chargeIn nucleus

NeutronsNo chargeIn nucleus

Electrons- charge Around nucleus

ATOMS

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Helium_atom_QM.svg

Pure substance of only one atomCommonly the same # protons, neutrons, & electrons

ELEMENTS

2 or more elements combined in a fixed ratio NaCl (salt (s)) H2O (water (l)) O2 (oxygen (g))

COMPOUND

Ionic E- transferred from one atom to another Ex: NaCl (salt)

Covalent E- are shared between atoms Ex: CO2

Hydrogen Bond Ex: water molecules

Vander Waals Interactions Ex: protein folding

CHEMICAL BONDS

Electrons are high energy subatomic particlesValence electrons are responsible for chemical bonds

BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF ELECTRONS

Through the interaction of chemicals we can better understand our biosphere: Water pH Carbon Protein Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates Lipids

BIOLOGY IS DEPENDENT ON CHEMISTRY