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Types of Languages
LanguageDefinitions
People and Languages
Identity
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Row 1, Col 1
French, Italian, Provencal, Spanish, Portuguese,
Catalan, and Romanian
The Romance Languages
1,3
When two people can understandeach other when speaking;
cannot be measured
Mutual intelligibility
2,3
A slight change in a word across languages or through a language
family from the present backwardtowards its origin
Sound Shift
3,2
These are examples of _______
Georgia, Baltimore, Virginia,Mississippi River, Wall Street
Toponyms
4,1
Geographically distinct versionsof a single language that vary
somewhat from the parent form
Dialect
4,3
Claims that the Indo-European languages that arose from Proto-Indo-European first carried
eastward into Southwest Asia, next around the Caspian Sea, and then across the
Russian- Ukrainian plains and on into the Balkans.
Dispersal Hypothesis
5,2
A language where two groups of people that speak
two different languages meet; the new language
with some characteristics of each results.
Pidgin Language
5,3
Claims that’s from Anatolia diffused Europe’s Indo-European languages from the western arc
of the Fertile Crescent came the languages of North Africa and Arabia from the Fertile Crescent
eastern arc ancient languages spread into present-day Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India,
later to be replaced by Indo- European languages.
Renfrew Hypothesis