HOUSING NEEDS and DECISION

UNIT 1

Mrs. Rogers

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1.1.2 Prehistoric, past, and present housing

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Plains large buffalo-hide tipi

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Southwestern and Meso-American pueblo

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Early Navajo earth-covered hogan

Plains large earth-covered lodge -- Hidatsa, Arikara, Mandan

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Plateau, northwest interior ladder-entrance pithouse

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Southeastern woven-plastered walls, thatched roof house

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Seminole thatched chickee

Great Basin/California thatched wikiup

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Yukon, Oregon-California double lean-to, planks and bark

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Northwest Coast plank house

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Northwestern forest longhouse

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Central Arctic snowdome, igloo

1.2.1 Relate the influence of past housing trends on present housing.

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Journal Entry: (1/2 page) Imagine that you are an architect from the future. You want to design a home that is unique, but reflects the past. Using the information from the slides so far, describe the features that you would incorporate in your design that comes from past designs.

Present housing trends

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Sub-Divisions

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Mobile Home

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Luxury Homes

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Energy Efficient Homes

1.2.2 Identify factors from past eras that influence the evolution of present and future housing styles

1st technology—natural materials—caves, logs, grass, mud, snow, rocks, bark, etc.

Next step was to improve on the natural material, ex. Saw logs into planks, rocks were chipped into blocks, animal hides became coverings for windows and doors

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Technology Since Industrial Revolution:

Housing materials are massed produced Shipped by rail Prefabricated houses became popular

Ex. Sears and Roebuck—shipped over 110,000 mail order houses in a 40-year period

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Technology Today:

Parts of houses come from factory ready to install

Factory produced climate-control units, such as heat pumps, AC and furnaces, have replaced the fireplace and simple fans

Labor-intensive tasks are done by machine—washing machine, dishwasher, vacuum

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Technology Future (and now)

Computers will run many household systems

Smart houses— Checks AC temperatures Refrigerators for supplies Order groceries and have them delivered Energy Saving devices New Cooking methods CADD (Computer Aided Drafting and Design)

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1.3.3 Major challenges in the area of housing today and in the future Space/Privacy Cost

Affordable materials Energy efficiency Zoning issues Aging Populations Changes in the family lifecycle

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1.1.3 Individual and family needs affecting housing choices Personal Priorities

Space Privacy Family relationships Cost/Income Roles of family members—hobbies, home

office Lifestyle Current place in family lifecycle

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1.1.3 Discuss the relationship between individual, families, and housing. Individuals

Less space Choose to live closer to work Want fewer household responsibilities

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1.1.3 Discuss the relationship between individual, families, and housing. Families

Needs more space Needs change as family grows, interest

changes Need room for personal expression May need to accommodate an aging

parent or children that are ill Adult children may return home in times

of economic downturn or unemployment

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1.1.3 Factors that influence the need for housing

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Age Employment Size of family Need for beauty Need for security Love and

acceptance Esteem

Self expression Creativity Self-actualization

1.1.3 Compare housing needs of individuals in different stages of the life cycle.

Beginning Stage—married w/o childrenChildbearing Stage—married with children

up to 6 years old.Parenting Stage—couples with children 6 to

20 years oldLaunching Stage—couples with children

leaving homeMidyears Stage—Couples before retirement

but after all children have left homeAging Stage—Couple during retirement until

death of both

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ACTIVITY In table groups, discuss what you think

would be specific housing needs for each of the different stages that a family goes through. Draw a sample house plan and yard that would be appropriate for the family phase you choose.

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1.1.3 Special housing needs for a disabled or elderly person.

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One level Wide doorways Non-skid rugs/no

rugs Easy access light

switches Lever door handles Drawers instead of

doors in kitchen

Universal design is the concept of making houses easier for everyone to use

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1.1.3 Suggest housing modifications for a family member with special needs.

Remove carpets to prevent trippingDoorways should be 30-36” wide to

accommodate crutches and wheelchairsEntries should be with be flat and

without thresholdsNon-skid mats used in bathEveryday tasks should be designed so

they can maintain their routineBathroom and utilities on main floor to

prevent having to climb stairs

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1.4 Decision-making process as it relates to housing choices.1. Identify the challenge2. List possible solutions3. Make a decision4. Take action5. Evaluate results

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1.4 Apply the decision making process to housing choices. As a group of 2-3, choose a housing

problem and apply the decision making process to this problem. You will have 5 minutes to discuss and then present to the class. Have a member of the team write the procedure on paper and put all members name on it for a daily grade.

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1.4.1

Choosing a Place to Live

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1. 2-story house2. Living room, ½ bath, kitchen, den, dining3. Deck on back, 5 round steps on front4. 3 bedrooms upstairs, 2baths5. 36” front door, 30” interior doors.6. Laundry upstairs7. Have a basement with out outside door I have just had a car accident and am

paralyzed from waist down. How do we make this house more friendly to

me?

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Scenario

Factors to consider in the selection of a location for living.

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Location Region

Specific part of the world, country

Community City, village, rural

Neighbor Physical

neighborhood Residential,

commercial Features have

similarities

Neighborhood, cont’d Zoning/Restrictions Planned

Must fit a developers plan

Population Composition homogeneous—

residents are similar to each other

Heterogeneous—varied Low density/high

density

Factors to consider in the selection of a location for living, continued

Site—piece of land on which the dwelling is built. Extends to the property line. Things to consider: size, shape, contour, soil

type, view, privacy Natural restraints—topography—features of lot Landscaping Orientation—location of the sun, prevailing

winds, water sources, scenic view Legal restraints—minimum property standards Zones within the site—public, service, private

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ACTIVITY What you would be interested in when

choosing a site for a home?

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1.3.2 Advantages and disadvantages of renting, leasing, and buying.

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Advantages Renting, Leasing

Cost less Can move easier Little

maintenance responsibility

Not responsible for repairs

Total cost of housing is clearer

Disadvantages Renting, Leasing

No tax benefit No investment in

or from property No equity in

building Rent payments

can be raised frequently

Possibility of eviction

Advantages and disadvantages of renting, leasing, and buying.

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Advantages Buying

Greater stability Usually a good

investment Build equity Investment may lead

to a better home latter

Allows creativity in décor

Choice in space arrangement

Fulfills the American dream

Disadvantages Buying

Taxes Responsible for

repairs Possibility of

foreclosure If foreclosure—loss of

equity Monthly housing cost

is usually higher Cash is tied up Takes time to sell

home Less mobility than

renting Some loans allow for

mortgage payment to go up after a time

Tip Insurance

Renters insurance—affordable insurance on your personal property, but does not pay for rental property

Homeowners—pays for damage to structure and personal property that homeowner owns

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1.3.2 Figure the cost of housing options.

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Renting Responsibility Initial Costs

Application Fee $30 Credit Check $20 Security Dep. $500 Advance

$725 Total $1275

Monthly Costs Rent $725 Renter’s Ins.

$ 40 Utilities $260

Total$1257

Buying Responsibility Initial Costs

Earnest Money$500

Appl. And Credit Checks incl. appraisal $250

Inspection Fee$250

Down Payment $10,000 Closing Cost

$3250 Total

$14,250

Monthly Costs Mortgage pymt $500 Property Tax

$70 Homeowners Ins $35 Utilities $300 Maintenance

$30 Total

$935

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Which housing option has lower initial cost? By how much? Renting. $12,975

What expense accounts for the most of this difference?The down paymentWhat would the difference be without this expense?$2975Which option has the lower on going costs? By how

much? Buying. $90Why do you think utilities are higher for a house?House—larger, more exposure, washer/dryer, yardWhat other resources would a homeowner be more likely

to need than a renter? Maintenance and repair

1.3.3 Steps involved in buying a home.

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Locate property Evaluate

Look for defects Sagging roof Insect damage Cracked foundation

Make an offer Appraisal Earnest money inspections

Accepting offer contingency

-Obtaining financing Mortgages

Conventional FHA—insured VA--guaranteed

Closing Abstract, general warranty

deed, title insurance, survey

Closing costs—points, origination fees

Misc. fees—flood insurance, property taxes, inspections

Insurance—homeowners—hazards and fire

Describe the financial and legal commitment involved in buying a home. Title—a document that gives proof of

the rights of ownership and possession of particular property.

General warranty deed—transfers the title of the property to the buyer. It guarantees that the title is clear of any claims against it. This type of deed offers the greatest legal protection to the buyer.

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58Special warranty deed—transfers title to the buyer, however, it only guarantees that the seller did nothing during the time of ownership that would impair the buyer’s title.

Quitclaim deed—transfers whatever interest the seller has in the property. The buyer assumes all legal and financial risks for the property.

Mortgage—a pledge of property that a borrower gives to a lender as security for the payment of debt.

Foreclosure—in event of default (not making mortgage payments) the lender may take property with no reimbursement to you.

Resources that provide assistance to persons buying a home. Banks—conventional loan Savings and loans Government agencies

Fannie Mae VA (Veterans Administration) FHA (Federal Housing Administration) HUD (Housing and Urban Development)

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1.3.4 Interpret a rental contract Refer to the handout given.

http://www.masshousinginfo.org/resources/download/landlord/property_management/Lease%20form.pdf?item_id=98098

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1.3.3 Methods of moving. Move yourself

Pros—more careful, know where things are, less expensive

Cons—tiring, may not have resources (truck)

Hiring a company Pros—easier, less stress, may insure

against loss Cons—private items are handled by

stranger, risk of loss of valuable, more expensive

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Methods of moving. Tips

Keep an inventory; check bill of lading for all items and file claim immediately

Check everything for damage upon delivery Take pictures or video for proof before move Pack refrigerator with newspaper, charcoal, or

toothpaste on paper plate, or fresh, dry coffee in panty hose to prevent odor

Keep jewelry and irreplaceable item with you

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