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HOUSING
SOUND INSULATION
&
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Dr Sean Smith
Building Performance Centre
Napier University
Scottish Executive – Victoria QuayBPC
BUILDING PERFORMANCE CENTRE (BPC)
• Location: Based within Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Creative Industries, Napier University
• Role: Undertake applied and integrated research and consultancy involving building performance
• Key Areas: Structures, sound insulation, thermal insulation, air quality, material components, elements and systems, design and fabrication
Background
BPC
BUILDING PERFORMANCE CENTRE (BPC)
• Regulatory approaches, policy, design, guidance, innovative construction, skills and workmanship
• International and UK wide
• Government departments and agencies, developers, housing associations, local authorities, housebuilders, architects, construction organisations and material manufacturers
• BPC & RMP work on 250+ live sites / annum
Background
robustdetails
BPC
Sustainable Development
BPC
Sustainable Development
“development which meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs”
Of the 24 reportable indicators
Sound Insulation influences
14 of these indicators
The Noise Environment
“……..the dark side
…..of physics..”
we can hear it
…often we can feel it
……but we can never see it!
SOUND INSULATION & HOUSING BPC
SOUND INSULATION & HOUSING
Existing Housing Stock (99%)
• Laminate or Hard floor finishes
• Improving the existing housing stock
• New Build (1%)
• PCT – pre-completion testing (E&W)
• Robust Details
• BCB…to…..EHO
• Scotland’s future….. in 2009 ?
BPC
SOUND INSULATION & HOUSING
• Existing Housing Stock (99%)
• Laminate or Hard floor finishes
• Improving the existing housing stock
New Build (1%)
• PCT – pre-completion testing (E&W)
• Robust Details
• BCB…to…..EHO
• Scotland’s future….. in 2009 ?
BPC
SOUND INSULATION & HOUSING
• Existing Housing Stock (99%)
• Laminate or Hard floor finishes
• Improving the existing housing stock
• New Build (1%)
• PCT – pre-completion testing (E&W)
• Robust Details
FUTURE: BCB…to…..EHO
• Scotland’s future….. in 2009 ?
BPC
ENGLAND SCOTLAND WALES N. IRELAND
EXISTING DWELLINGS 21 m 2.2 m 1.3 m 0.7 m
ATTACHED 75% 80% - 60%RATIO 3:4 4:5 - 3:5
FLATS 20% 40% 8% 8%RATIO 1:5 2:5 1:12 1:12
UK HOUSING STATISTICSApproximate quantity of attached dwellings
Proportion of flatted dwellings
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
England Scotland Wales N.Ireland
%
Standard Tapping Machine Conforming to BS EN ISO 140
Relative Improvement In Impact Performance
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
Timber Concrete
Basic Subfloor Category
Imp
rove
d Im
pac
t In
sula
tio
n
Per
form
ance
, L' n
T,w
(d
B)
Laminate Direct
Relative Improvement In Impact Performance
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
Timber Concrete
Basic Subfloor Category
Imp
rove
d Im
pac
t In
sula
tio
n
Per
form
ance
, L' n
T,w
(d
B)
Laminate on Thin (2-3mm) Foam Underlay
Laminate Direct
Relative Improvement In Impact Performance
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
Timber Concrete
Basic Subfloor Category
Imp
rove
d Im
pac
t In
sula
tio
n
Per
form
ance
, L' n
T,w
(d
B) Laminate on Fibreboard
(5 mm)
Laminate on Thin (2-3mm) Foam Underlay
Laminate Direct
Relative Improvement In Impact Performance
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
Timber Concrete
Basic Subfloor Category
Imp
rove
d Im
pac
t In
sula
tio
n
Per
form
ance
, L' n
T,w
(d
B)
Laminate Thick (8mm)Underlay
Laminate on Fibreboard(5 mm)
Laminate on Thin (2-3mm) Foam Underlay
Laminate Direct
Relative Improvement In Impact Performance
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
Timber Concrete
Basic Subfloor Category
Imp
rove
d Im
pac
t In
sula
tio
n
Per
form
ance
, L' n
T,w
(d
B)
Carpet
Laminate Thick (8mm)Underlay
Laminate on Fibreboard(5 mm)
Laminate on Thin (2-3mm) Foam Underlay
Laminate Direct
Resilient Underlay Performance Lw
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Resilient Underlay Thickness (mm)
Imp
act
So
un
d In
sula
tio
n
Imp
rove
men
t,
Lw (
dB
) Re: Concrete Base
Re: Lightweight Timber Base
Hardfloor ‘System’ Performance Lw
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Resilient Underlay Thickness (mm)
Imp
act
So
un
d In
sula
tio
n
Imp
rove
men
t,
Lw (
dB
)
Re: Concrete Base
Re: Lightweight Timber Base
EXISTING HOUSING - NEW GUIDANCE
EXISTING HOUSING - NEW GUIDANCE
Funding Agencies
EXISTING HOUSING - NEW GUIDANCE
Funding AgenciesUseful for:• Property Managers• Occupants• Architects• Building Control • Acousticians
• Approx 120 pages• 8 Primary chapters• 11 Case studies• Q&A section
Noise issues – Assessing housing stock
BPCRemedial Treatments – e.g. block walls
Existing dwellings - starting point
BPCRemedial Treatments – e.g. concrete floors
BPCCase Studies – before and after treatments
• Identify key types of housing• Apply remedial works to worst first• Standardise remedial works with clear installation
and instructions• Produce “build work” checklists to monitor
progress• Sample test works • Apply thermal and acoustic performance materials• Program of works (e.g. change of tenant or
occupant)• Undertake other needy works at the same time
BPCStrategic approach
• Identify key types of housing• Apply remedial works to worst first• Standardise remedial works with clear installation
and instructions• Produce “build work” checklists to monitor
progress• Sample test works • Apply thermal and acoustic performance materials• Program of works (e.g. change of tenant or
occupant)• Undertake other needy works at the same time
BPCStrategic approach
• Identify key types of housing• Apply remedial works to worst first• Standardise remedial works with clear installation
and instructions• Produce “build work” checklists to monitor
progress• Sample test works • Apply thermal and acoustic performance materials• Program of works (e.g. change of tenant or
occupant)• Undertake other needy works at the same time
BPCStrategic approach
New Build - E&W BPC
• Developed, Designed and Project Managed by BPC – Napier 02/03
• Largest SI research contract
• 100,000+ homes / annum
• BPC - technical adviser
• 28 inspectors
…Pre 2004 (E&W)
Tested Party Floors (New build)Pre 2004
Tested Party Walls(New build) Pre 2004
BPC
FAILS
35% COMPLIANCE 50%
…Post 2004 (E&W) with Robust details BPC
Robust Details (New Build) from 2004
COMPLIANCE 97%
…New build and Laminate / Hard flooring (E&W) future Robust Details
BPC
Designing for hard flooring / laminate use
In-built impact resilient layers
Tested with laminate in place
Not tested on soft covering
• Improvement in performance enhancing communities
• Reducing potential neighbour disputes• Standardisation of works and materials reduces
cost• Reduced waste, better managed recycling and
less landfill• Better thermal performance, reduced air leakage• Alternative and more sustainable materials• Improved knowledge transfer to work force
BPCSustainability benefits of RD approach
• Improvement in performance enhancing communities
• Reducing potential neighbour disputes• Standardisation of works and materials reduces
cost• Reduced waste, better managed recycling and
less landfill• Better thermal performance, reduced air leakage• Alternative and more sustainable materials• Improved knowledge transfer to work force
BPCSustainability benefits of RD approach
New Build - Scotland BPC
New Build - Scotland BPC
Sound insulation testing (PCT) is not compulsory
Robust Details Scheme is not yet used in Scotland
Some BCBs (few of the 32 LA’s) ask for PCT
New Build – Scotland (FUTURE) BPC
What new build regulations we create for sound insulation
will impact
on our future housing stock
and
future generations?
Contact details:
Building Performance Centre
www.bpc.napier.ac.uk
Robin Mackenzie Partnership
Acoustic Consultancy
www.rmp.biz