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How did Martin Luther react when peasant rebels took up
his banner as a means of bringing about social change
in Germany?
He denounced the peasants, and the rebellion was suppressed.
Who described architecture as a “social art” meant to
combine beauty with utility and improvement of society?
Leon Alberti
In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a …
Possible explanation to be tested.
Many scholars agree that between 1450 and 1750 people’s beliefs in both
Christianity and magic led to…
The persecution of people as witches.
The main goal of the Jesuits was to …
Defend, restore, and spread the Catholic faith.
What changes did the Catholic Church make during the Catholic Reformation?
It provided penalties for corruption among the clergy.
Today’s Baptists, Mennonites, and Amish can all trace their religious ancestry to the …
Anabaptists
What triggered the events that resulted in the formation of the
Church of England?
Henry VIII wanted a divorce.
The calculations of astronomer Johannes Kepler
showed that …
The planets move around the sun in oval orbits.
The inventor who perfected the microscope and the first
person to see cells and microorganisms was …
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
What humanist of Northern Europe wrote about his vision of an ideal society, in which
people live in peace and harmony?
Sir Thomas More
Which statement best describes the ideal woman
according to writer Baldassare Castiglione?
Her outward beauty reflects her inner goodness.
The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa were the work of
the great artist…
Leonardo da Vinci
Who assembled a library of Greek and Roman
manuscripts preserving the works of Cicero, Homer and
Virgil?
Francesco Petrarch
The age of great change marked by renewed interest in classical learning and the arts
is called the…
Renaissance
In the 1600s, Robert Boyle’s work transformed the field of
…
chemistry
Unlike Francis Bacon, Rene Descartes believed that the best road to understanding
was through…
Human reasoning
The purpose of the Council of Trent was to …
Direct the reform of the Catholic Church.
Sir Thomas More was executed because he …
Would not accept Henry VIII ah head of the Church in England.
Humanist scholars differed from medieval thinkers in that
humanists …
Tended to focus more on worldly subjects.
A thriving trading region where the northern Renaissance
began.
Flanders
A religious group that has broken away from an established church.
Sect
Anabaptists believed that infants should not be baptized
because…
Infants are too young to accept the Christian faith.
The city that produced many Renaissance artists and
scholars with the support of the Medici family.
Florence
Wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and keep power.
Niccolo Machiavelli
What resulted from the Peace of Augsburg in 1555?
Each German prince could decide the religion from his lands.
The idea that God long ago decided who would be saved
and who would not.
Predestination
A government run by religious leaders.
Theocracy
The Swiss city-state of Geneva became a model of
Protestant morality under the leadership of …
John Calvin
Started a printing revolution.
Johann Gutenberg
Proposed a heliocentric model of the universe.
Nicolaus Copernicus
What major theme of the northern Renaissance did
Alberecht Durer’s engravings portray?
Religious upheaval
Showed that gravity keeps planets in orbit.
Isaac Newton
An artist who made sketches of flying machines centuries
before the first airplane.
Leonardo da Vinci
One way that Renaissance artists reflected the new ideas
of humanism was by painting…
Well-known people of the day