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How do location, climate, and natural resources influence
Europe and its people?
Standards:
SS6G10a. Compare how the location, climate, and natural resources of the United Kingdom and Russia affect where people live and how they trade.
SS6G10b. Compare how the location, climate, and natural resources of Germany and Italy affect where people live and how they trade.
Vocabulary
1. Urban- city; heavily populated areas
2. Rural- country side ; less populated areas
3. Densely populated- many people in an area
4. Marine climate- warm, humid
5. Arable- land good for farming
6. Landlocked- completely surrounded by land; does not border a body of water
There are many factors that impact where people live and how they trade.
We are going to look at a few of these factors for
four European countries.
Compare the location, climate, and natural resources of the United Kingdom and Russia.
United KingdomGreat Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales)
and Northern Ireland
Location of the UK
A country of islands off the coast of mainland Europe
Made up of Great Britain, Northern Ireland, Scotland, & Wales
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the United
Kingdom’s location?
United Kingdom’s Location
The United Kingdom is surrounded by water which impacts the way in which it trades with other countries. How?
The United Kingdom’s location is a major influence on its climate [this will be discussed more in-depth]
The primary type of military used is also influenced by the United Kingdom’s location. Why?
Location of UK on Trade
Location has helped the UK become an international banking & insurance center
Has more foreign bank branches than any country in the world
Location on the Atlantic Ocean helps it trade with the US
US is the UK’s #1 trading partner!
Location and Climate
You are here
Canada
Central
America Africa
United
Kingdom
Has anyone traveled far up North? What was the weather
like? What do you know about the climate of Canada?
What would be your
guess about the climate
of the United Kingdom?
Actually, the climate of the United Kingdom and many other European countries is Moderate.
What does that mean?
Synonyms for Moderate: fair, mild,
medium, temperate
If the United Kingdom is on a
similar latitude as Canada, how is
its climate moderate?
Gulf Steam’s affect on Climate
http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/ttv10.sci.ess.
watcyc.currents/the-role-of-ocean-currents-in-climate/
The United Kingdom’s climate has mild
temperatures, and it has moist weather
with plenty of rain is good for crops.
Natural Resources
of theUnited
Kingdom
Where do people live
in the United
Kingdom?
Where People Live…
About 60 million people live in the United Kingdom.
Land Area: 243,610 sq km
Around 90% of the UK’s people live in cities.
London has over 7 million people!
Compare the diagram showing the United Kingdom’s major cities with
the population density map. Where do most people live?
Major Cities
in the
United
Kingdom
People in the United KingdomMost people live in
urban (city) areas
There are some areas of farming, but Great Britain has to import one-third of its food.
Great Britain’s capital, London, is a world center for trade and banking
Great Britain also has manufacturing industries such as iron and steel and electronics that affect where people live.
London
Russia
What are the advantages and disadvantages of
Russia’s location?
Location of Russia
Spans 2 continents: Europe & Asia!
So wide that a train trip across takes a week!
Shares a border with 15 countries
Eastern side is bound by Pacific Ocean
Northern side is bounded by Arctic Ocean
At its closest point, Russia & US are only 3 miles apart across Bering Strait!
Russia’s Location
The Gulf Stream does not affect Russia; therefore, due to its location, Russia’s climate is severe in many areas.
In some areas it is so cold that the soil is permanently frozen which hinders farming and economic development.
Russia is unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world which further inhibits trade.
Russia’s climate is very cold because it
is located near the Arctic Ocean.
Russia does not get a lot of rainfall.
Only about 10% of Russia’s total land is
suitable for agriculture.
RussiaRussia’s
Climate
Russia’s Climate
Permafrost is a thick layer of soil that
remains frozen. The map above shows the
extent of permafrost in Russia.
Russia’s Natural Resources
The Challenges of Russia’s Natural Resources
Russia is rich in mineral resources, with huge deposits of coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as massive forests. So, what’s the problem?
It is difficult and expensive to harvest and transport these resources because of the harsh climate and remote locations.
The lack of access to natural resources due to climate, terrain, and distance hinders trade.
Russia’s mining, manufacturing, and fishing industries are fueled by the country’s natural resources.
Many goods are transported by railroad because rivers and major ports are blocked by ice in the winter.
Where do most people live in Russia?
Why?
Where do most people live in Russia? Why?
Most citizens live in western Russia on the European Plain
Russia’s major cities, farms, grazing land for livestock, and the country’s warmest temperatures are located in western Russia.
Where People Live…
Russia is one of the most populous countries in the world, with 145.5 million people.
Land Area: 17,098,242 sq km
Most people live WEST of the Ural mountains, where the climate is mildest and the land is the most fertile.
Russia Trade
European Russia is mostly landlocked(difficult for trading via ship)
Most of Russia’s land is far from the sea or frozen over for most of the year – some ports must be cleared with icebreakers
2 exceptions: Murmansk & St. Petersburg
Lots of permafrost – soil that is permanently frozen
Moscow
Comparing UK & Russia
Geographically very different:
Russia is larger, with a coastline bordering the Arctic Ocean (ports are frozen much of the year)
UK is an island country with a mild climate and many ports accessible all year round
Comparing UK & Russia
Natural Resources:
Both have fossil fuels, like coal & oil
UK’s are dwindling, but much of Russia’s coal and oil is untouchable because of the climate & size of the country
Compare the location, climate, and natural resources of
Germany and Italy.
Germany
What are the advantages of Germany’s location?
Germany’s Location Due to Germany’s
location, its climate is moderate
Germany is in central Europe, so it can trade easily with other European countries.
Germany’s location is favorable for producingmany crops
The Rhine River allows Germany to transport goods to the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean
Germany’s climate is moderate with
warm, mild summers and cool winters.
The climate is good for Germany’s
agriculture industry, which uses about
half of Germany’s land.
GermanyGermany’s
Climate
The map to the right
illustrates Germany’s favorable
climate for agriculture.
Look at the map of
Germany again.
What natural
resources do you see?
Germany’s Natural Resources
o Germany has enormous deposits of coal and iron ore that fuel a huge manufacturing industry known for steel production, automobiles, building materials, and many other items.
o These products are then transported to the Rhine River (Germany’s major commercial waterway), and then on to the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean for trade.
Where do most people
live in Germany?
Most Germans live in western Germany
The Ruhr Valley in western German is the most densely populated area in the country filled with factories, cities, and towns.
Ruhr
Valley
Where People Live in Germany
Population: 82,000,000
Germany is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe
85% of population live in urban
areas
Berlin is the largest city and capital
Germany- Trade cont.
Marine climate
Exports: chemicals, food, iron/steel, machinery, cars, potash, instruments
Major Trading Partners: European Union (we will learn about this later), Switzerland, Japan, US
tourism
Germany- Travel and Trade
Excellent highway system
Ports (exports & imports)
Airports (14 major airports)
Which would be easier for transportation of good, the Alps or the European Plain? Why?
Italy
What are the advantages of Italy’s location?
Italy’s LocationDue to Italy’s
location, its climate is moderate
Since Italy is closeto central Europe,the northern cities can trade easily withother European countries.
Since most of Italy is surrounded by water, it has many ports to ship and receive goods.
Italy’s climate is moderate with generally cool
winters (colder in mountain regions) and
warm summers.
Mountains cover about 70% of the country.
Agriculture is strongest in the northern part
of the country.
Italy
Italy’s
Climate
Take a look at the maps below.What do you notice?
Grapes grown in
vineyards along
the sides of
mountains are
Italy’s most
valuable crop.
Italian grapes
have made Italy
the largest wine
producer in the
world.
Italy’s Natural Resources
Italy has few mineral resources
Italy has to import most of its raw materials for industry
Tourism is the most important industry in Italy. Why would tourists like to visit Italy?
Italy’s Natural Resources
Arable land
small farms cover Italy
grow grapes and olives
top wine making country
Sea
fishing -anchovies and sardines (important to the economy)
gather sponges and coral
According to the
map to the right,
where is most
of Italy’s industry
located?
How does the
location of
these industries
affect the people
of Italy?
Based on what you have learned already, where do you think
most people live in Italy? Why?
Most people live in the
northern part of Italy
where most of Italy’s
industry and agriculture is
located.
Where People Live in Italy
Population: 58,000,000
7 out of 10 Italians live in Urban areas
About ½ of the people of Italy live in the northern 1/3 of the country
Italy- Trade
Ships- Long history of trade because of its location on the Mediterranean Sea. It ships to and from Europe and Asia.
There are more than 800 ports
12 + major sea ports
7 major airports
8 major seaports
Excellent highways, bridges, and tunnels
Italy- Trade cont.
Exports: chemicals, clothing, food, footwear, iron & steel, machinery, motor vehicles, petroleum products, textiles
Major trading partners: Germany, France, U.K. and U.S
tourism
Summarizing StrategyPart I:
Which factor: location, climate, or natural resources has the greatest impact on where
people live? Use one of the European countries studied to support your answer.
Part II:
Which factor: location, climate, or natural resources has the greatest impact on how countries trade? Use one of the European countries studied to support your answer.
