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Group Color:___________________
How Science Works
Grade 2
Module 2
Scientist (Your Name): ____________________________________________________________ Teacher’s Name: ____________________________________________________________________ SciTrek Volunteer’s Name: ________________________________________________________
Class Question:
What factors affect plant growth?
1
VOCABULARY
Science: The study of the material world using human reason. The scientific method
is the way in which humans reason and apply logic to data to help gain knowledge of
the world.
o Observation: A description of the item of interest. This could include contents,
mass, size, color, temperature, smell, texture …
o Inference: An interpretation or judgment based on knowledge from past
experience. Something you think is likely based on what you observe.
o Experimental Set-Up: The materials, changing variable, and controls that are
needed for an experiment.
o Experiment: A test or trial to discover something unknown.
o Procedure: A set of steps to determine the answer to a question.
o Controls: The variables that are not changed in an experiment.
o Changing Variable: The variable that is changed in an experiment.
o Materials: List of all supplies and equipment.
o Results: The data recorded from an experiment.
o Scientific Practices: A series of activities that scientists participate in to both
understand the world around them and to communicate their results with others.
(The specific practice worked on in this module is identifying/making
observations.)
o Technique: A method for a specific task.
o Absorb: The ability to retain a liquid.
o Soil: A mixture of dead plant material, clay, and/or rocks.
o Potting Soil: A soil that contains a majority of dead plant materials with some
rocks (sand) and no clay.
o Sand: A soil that contains very small pieces of rock that has
been broken
o Vermiculite: A soil that is made of mica (a highly absorbent
natural material).
o Nutrient: Something that can be added to the soil and/or the
water to affect plant growth.
o Dropper: A piece of laboratory equipment used to add
liquids one drop at a time.
o Graduated Cylinder: Piece of laboratory equipment used to measure the volume
of a liquid.
o Ruler: Used to measure the length of an item. (In this module measurements will
be made in millimeters (mm))
2
SCIENTIFIC PRACTICES Observations
Circle OBSERVATION if the statement is an observation you can make
about the object. Circle NOT AN OBSERVATION if the statement is not an
observation you can make about the object.
a) The object is smaller than a jump rope.
Observation Not an Observation
b) The object is made out of metal. Observation Not an Observation
c) The object is thicker than a broom handle.
Observation Not an Observation
d) The object is cool. Observation Not an Observation
e) The object has a pointed end. Observation Not an Observation
f) The object can be twisted at one end.
Observation Not an Observation
g) The object has been used to write many words.
Observation Not an Observation
Circles are your initial thought and boxes are the correct answer.
3
First choose/circle the factor that you would like to experiment with. Then within
that row, circle what you would like to be your changing variable. Finally, circle the
measurement you will make.
Factors Changing Variable Measurement
Water
Liquid Amount
Nutrient Amount
Plant Height (mm)
Light
Light Color
Light Amount
Plant Height (mm)
QUESTION Question our group is going to investigate:
If we change the ___________________________________________________________________________
what will happen to the height of the plant?
insert changing variable
4
Technique Rulers
Rulers are used to measure lengths of different items.
How to measure an item using a ruler:
1. Line up the zero mark on the ruler with one end of the item.
2. Follow the length of the item down the ruler.
3. Record the measurement to the nearest whole number on the ruler at the
other end of the item.
4. Repeat.
What is the length and width of each item?
A.
Length:___70 mm___ Width:__24 mm___
B.
Length:____________ Width:___________
C.
Length:____________ Width:___________
5
How to draw a line using a ruler:
1. Put a dot on the paper where the line will start.
2. Line up the zero mark of the ruler with the dot.
3. Put a dot on the paper at the number on the ruler where the line should
stop. DO NOT lift up ruler.
4. Holding down the ruler press your pencil against the ruler and draw a line
to connect the two dots.
Draw a line that is the indicated length for each letter.
A ___100 mm___
•- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -• B ___80 mm___
C ___72 mm___
D ___133 mm____
Switch books with a partner and have them check the length of the lines that you
drew. Your partner will put a small check next to the line if the lines are within 3 mm
of the given distance.
6
EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP
Changing Variable:__________________________________________________________________
Controls (variables you will hold constant):
cup material /plastic /
/ /
/ /
PROCEDURE
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7
RESULTS Table
Fill out the chart for each of the trials. For the variables that remain constant, write
the value in trial A and then draw a line though each box to indicate the variable is a
control.
Variables: Trial A Trial B Trial C Trial D Trial E
Seed Type: Fast Plant
Soil Type:
Liquid Amount:
Light Amount:
Light Color:
Nutrient Type:
Nutrient Amount:
Initial Plant
Height:
Data: Trial A Trial B Trial C Trial D Trial E
Final Plant Height:
Change in Plant
Height:
__
______________
__
______________
__
______________
__
______________
__
______________
Other
Observations:
8
RESULTS Graph
My experiment shows_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
9
I acted like a scientist when________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
TIE TO STANDARDS
1. Is plant growth predictable?
You would like to grow the tallest plant, circle the variables below that would allow you to do this. If the variable does not affect how tall the plant will grow then circle either.
Variable: Option 1: Option 2: Either:
Soil Type: Gravel Potting
Soil Either
Water Amount (in Bottom Cup): 100 mL 200 mL Either
Nutrients (Fertilizer) Amount: None 50 mL Either
10
2. Do plants grow in the light? Plot the data for the plants with water and with no water in the light.
Day Light
No Water Light
Water Day 0 0 mm 0 mm Day 5 0 mm 23 mm
Day 10 0 mm 73 mm Day 15 0 mm 100 mm
What do plants in the light need to grow?________________________________
11
3. Do plants grow in the dark? Plot the data for the plants with water and with no water in the dark.
Day Dark
No Water Dark
Water Day 0 0 mm 0 mm Day 5 0 mm 49 mm
Day 10 0 mm 93 mm Day 15 0 mm 94 mm
What did plants in the dark need to grow? ________________________
12
4. Label the following picture of plants in the light with water with the correct day number (0, 5, 10, or 15 days) on which they were taken.
Day ________ Day ________
Day ________ Day ________
5. Label the following picture of plants in the dark with water with the correct day number (0, 5, 10, or 15 days) on which they were taken.
Day ________ Day ________
Day ________ Day ________
A B
C D
E F
G H
13
6. Is water or light more important for plant growth?
WATER LIGHT
7. Which would you predict to be taller at day 10 a plant in the light with water or a plant in the dark with water?
DARK LIGHT
8. Which would you predict to be healthier (greenest and more leaves)
at day 10 a plant in the light with water or a plant in the dark with water?
DARK LIGHT
9. What conditions are needed in order for plants to live the longest life?
__________________________ __________________________
10. What is a variable? _________________________________________________________
11. What other variables might affect plant height? (List at least 2)
1. _________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________
14
WORD SEARCH
Dropper Materials Absorb Controls Changing Variable Experiment Graduated Cylinder Results Potting Soil Inference Observation Scientific Practices Technique Nutrient Ruler Sand Science Vermiculite
SciTrek is an educational outreach program that is dedicated to allowing 2nd-5th grade students to experience the scientific process first hand. SciTrek
partners with local schools to present student-centered inquiry-based modules that not only emphasize the process of science but also specific
grade level content standards. Each module allows students to design, carryout, and present their experiments and findings.
For more information please feel free to visit us on the web at
http://www.chem.ucsb.edu/scitrek/ or contact us by e-mail at
