How systems depend onCARBON and CHEMICAL ENERGY

Three Questions Poster

Question Rules to Follow Evidence to Look For

The Movement Question: Where are atoms moving?

Where are atoms moving from?Where are atoms going to?

Atoms last forever in combustion and living systems

All materials (solids, liquids, and gases) are made of atoms

When materials change mass, atoms are moving

When materials move, atoms are moving

The Carbon Question: What is happening to carbon atoms?

What molecules are carbon atoms in before the process?

How are the atoms rearranged into new molecules?

Carbon atoms are bound to other atoms in molecules

Atoms can be rearranged to make new molecules

The air has carbon atoms in CO2

Organic materials are made of molecules with carbon atoms• Foods• Fuels• Living and dead plants and

animals

The Energy Question: What is happening to chemical energy?

What forms of energy are involved?

How is energy changing from one form to another?

Energy lasts forever in combustion and living systems

C-C and C-H bonds have more stored chemical energy than C-O and H-O bonds

We can observe indicators of different forms of energy• Organic materials with chemical

energy• Light• Heat energy• Motion

Lesson 5 Activity 2

Finding Organic and Inorganic Materials

Why do some things burn and other things do not burn?Why does ethanol behave more like wood than water?

Driving question

Why does ethanol behave more like wood than water?

What we see… Macroscopic Scale

WATER

WOOD

ETHANOL

6

Zooming out… Large Scale

WOOD(Forest)

WATER (ocean and

cloud)

Petroleum

7

WATER (a single droplet) ETHANOL

(a single droplet)

WOOD CELLS

Zooming in… Microscopic Scale

8

Zooming in… Atomic-molecular Scale

Ethanol molecule (C2H5OH)

Water molecule (H2O)

Cellulose: an important part of wood (C6H10O5)n

9

What ATOMS are found in these materials?

Ethanol molecule (C2H5OH)

Water molecule (H2O)

Cellulose (C6H10O5)n

10

ATOMS FOUND IN EACH MOLECULE:

Water: Hydrogen, Oxygen

Ethanol: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon

Wood: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon

BONDS FOUND IN EACH MOLECULE:

Water: H-O

Ethanol: H-O, C-O, C-H, C-C

Wood: H-O, C-O, C-H, C-C

What BONDS are found in these materials?

Ethanol molecule (C2H5OH)

Water molecule (H2O)

Cellulose (C6H10O5)n

11

What BONDS are found in these materials?

Ethanol molecule (C2H5OH)

Water molecule (H2O)

Cellulose (C6H10O5)n

Chemical Energy

Energy found in the bonds of molecules. C-C and C-H bonds means molecules have available chemical energy.

So which materials have available chemical energy?

12

MATTER AND ENERGYEvery molecule has both ATOMS and BONDS

ATOMS TELL YOU ABOUT MATTER

BONDS TELL YOU ABOUT ENERGY

13

Card Sort

• Sort your materials and write your notes on the worksheet.

• Be sure you can tell the difference between organic and inorganic using their ORIGIN and their MOLECULAR STRUCTURE.

Materials That Burn

WATER

Materials That Do NOT Burn

CARBON DIOXIDE

SALT

OXYGENNITROGEN

WOOD

BUTANE

PROPANE ETHANOL15

What makesthese burn?

How are these different?

WATER

CARBON DIOXIDE

SALT

OXYGENNITROGEN

WOOD

PROPANE ETHANOL

BUTANE

16

Water, Ethanol, and WoodEthanol and wood both have C-C and C-H bonds.

Ethanol molecule (C2H5OH)

Water molecule (H2O)

Cellulose (C6H10O5)n

17

ORGANIC INORGANIC--means the molecule has C-C and C-H bonds

--means the molecule does not have C-C and C-H bonds

WATER

CARBON DIOXIDE

SALT

OXYGENNITROGEN

WOOD

BUTANE

PROPANE ETHANOL18

What Makes Up Living Things?

Inorganic: Water, minerals; Organic: carbohydrates, fats, proteins

Average Human Average Apple Average Chicken

Water Carbo-hydrate

Protein Fat Minerals

Average human

60% 1% 15% 23% <1%

Average apple

85% 14% 0.5% 0.5% <1%

Average chicken

62% <1% 30% 8% <1%

Lesson 5 Activity 3

Explaining burning of other materials

Burning materials

Methane

Butane

Ethanol

Propane

Octane

Slides for Organic v Inorganic Card Sort

Ethanol (C2H5OH)Water

Lipids/Fats Butane (C4H10)