How To Implement IPTV Networks

IPTV-01: How To Implement IPTV Networks

Franchesca WalkerDirector, Enterprise Solutions

Foundry Networks, Inc

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Table of Contents

• IPTV, Multi-Play Service Bundle: Why, What?

• Components of an IPTV Network

• IPTV Network Demands

• Designing An IPTV Capable Network

• Closing Thoughts

© 2006 Foundry

Networks, Inc.

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IPTV, Multi-Play Service Bundle: Why, What?

9/16/085

Challenges Facing Telcos Today

• Increasing competition from cable operators

• Voice is close to free

• Need to reduce customer churn

• Develop ways to grab a greater share of the customer wallet

• Cautious capital outlays after the bursting of the bubble

One-Bill Summary

Customer John Doe A/c # (123)-456-7890

Plans and Services $9.96

Broadband Internet $19.99

Phone Services $15.99

Network Television $40.97

Taxes and Surcharges $12.86

Total Current Charges $99.77

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IPTV: A Silver Bullet For Telcos?

• The good news of high broadband adoption– >181 million broadband subscribers in OECD countries *

• Value-added services possible through IPTV– Single bill for consumers

• Extensive data on user viewing habits– Targeted ad insertion increases appeal to advertisers

• More for less– Better utilization of installed infrastructure conserves cap-ex and op-ex

• Telco operators have been busy pursuing a FTTx strategy to facilitate higher speeds to the consumer

* Source: OECD Broadband Statistics

© 2006 Foundry

Networks, Inc.

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Components of an IPTV Network

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Reference Architecture for IPTV

Access node(PON OLT, DSLAM)

SHE for national content insertion

National Network for

Content Distribution

RHE

LegendRHE: Regional Head EndSHE: Super Head End

RHE

Media ServerFarm

POP

Access Ring

POP

BNG

Middleware client-server interaction

Interaction with network(E.g. Multicast Join/Leave)

Aggregation Ring

AccessRing

AggregationRing

BNG

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Major Players In The IPTV Market Today

Component VendorsResidential Gateway 2Wire, Linksys (Cisco), NetGear, Westell, Amino etc

Set-top box Amino, 2Wire, Scientific Atlanta (Cisco), Motorola

Broadband Access Node Alcatel-Lucent, Huawei, ECI Telecom, Zhone, Calix, Occam Networks, AFC/Tellabs, Motorola, Siemens, Ericsson …

Aggregation Node Foundry, Cisco, Alcatel-Lucent, Juniper, Redback

Broadband Network Gateway Cisco, Alcatel-Lucent, Juniper, Redback (Ericsson)

Head-end servers Kasenna, Bitband, Broadbus, Arroyo

Head-end acquisition systems

Harmonic

Head-end encoders Optibase, Tut Systems, Skystream, Scientific Atlanta (Cisco)

Middleware Microsoft, Myrio (Siemens), Minerva Software, Orca Interactive, Thales, Bitband, proprietary software in large service providers who had an early start

DRM Software Irdeto Access, Nagra, Verimatrix, proprietary software.

Microsoft MS-TV2 middleware has DRM capabilities embedded in it.

Policy Management Software Major players: Tazz Networks, Bridgewater Systems

© 2006 Foundry

Networks, Inc.

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IPTV Network Demands

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IPTV Network Demands (1 of 3)

• Need for high bandwidth– Standard Definition (SDTV) video:

• Requires about 4 Mbps per stream (MPEG-2)

– High Definition (HDTV) video:• Requires 14-18 Mbps per stream (MPEG-2)

• Importance of latency– High latency negatively affects user experience directly:

• IPTV involves procedures such as DRM authorization, channel zapping, • Interactive applications such as VoD, content search under interactive TV / network PVR

etc.– IGMP Join Latency

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• Quality of Service– IPTV co-exists with other services such as high-speed Internet access, VoIP and

interactive gaming

• Optimization of channel change time in some middleware by sending a burst of unicast traffic before streaming multicast traffic

• Wire-speed performance without packet loss an absolute requirement

• Resiliency– Subscriber’s expectations of high availability are table stakes

• High Density– Trend in access networks: compact platforms close to the subscriber

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• Future-proof Infrastructure– IPTV is expected to accelerate the shift to IPv6

• Flexibility in Service Delivery Models– Centralized transport through a BRAS

• Network Infrastructure Security– Detect and prevent malicious attempts to take over the network

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Sequence Of Actions During A Channel Zap Operation

• Channel zap/channel surfing has an important bearing on user experience when watching IPTV

RHE

Media ServerFarm

Access + Aggregation

Network

Access + Aggregation

Network

Multicast streamUser changes channel to watch the new channel

1

23

IGMP Leave of old channel

Digital Rights Management Checks for new channel

4

6a IGMP Join of new channel

5a

IGMP Leave LatencyStop multicast ofold channel

IGMP Join LatencyIssue IGMP Join / PIM Join through Network if needed

6b

New Multicast stream7

8

New channel delivered to user TV

Set-top box processing delays (e.g. jitter buffer delay, MPEG decoder delay etc)

5b DRM response

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Problem Statement for IPTV Networks

Example of a pixelized image (Source: Packet Loss Recovery for Streaming Video, http://nms.csail.mit.edu/papers/pv2002.pdf)

• How do we economically scale and future-proof aggregation networks to ensure high performance guarantees?

– Many aggregation networks built to date have focused on best-effort service delivery

• What happens if the above is not met?– Packet loss due to poor router/switch performance has visibly negative

effects

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Designing An IPTV Capable Network

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Major Design Considerations: Access Network (1)

• Access considerations:– Access technology– Bandwidth available per home– Number of TV channels – # of concurrent channels per subscriber– Bandwidth per service type per subscriber

• Delivery mechanism to the subscriber. Popular choices:1) N PVC:1 VLAN model with different services over a single VLAN

2) N PVC:1 VLAN model with unique VLAN per service

3) 1 PVC:1 VLAN model: Each service of each subscriber mapped to a unique VLAN

• All of the above models assume 1 ATM PVC to the subscriber.

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Major Design Considerations: Access Network (2)

• Subscriber management and encapsulation. 2 most common choices:– DHCP– PPPoE for data with IPTV traffic delivered over a separate VLAN. – Increasing number of IPTV deployments are moving away from

PPPoE to DHCP for data service also• For operators currently using PPPoE, a recommended approach:

– Use of PPPoE for data service only– Use DHCP for video and voice traffic

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Major Design Considerations: Aggregation Network (1)

• Aggregation choices:– Access-Aggregation Network interface– Layer 2 or Layer 3 network?– Layout of the network– Location of video content

• Bandwidth needs:– Number of broadcast/premium TV channels to be offered over the network– Amount of unicast-based services expected in the network– Using oversubscribed equipment not a good idea

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Major Design Considerations: Aggregation Network (2)

• Expected viewer habits:– Are some channels heavily watched? If yes, always have these channels

delivered to the access node– Premium channels requested on demand

• Desired resiliency:– Fast SONET-like (sub-50 millisecond) resiliency?– Are redundant links to access node desired?– Multicast redundancy

• Security:– Prevent subscribers from “sourcing” multicast traffic– Encryption of transported video traffic– Ensure that Denial of Service (DoS) guards are in place in aggregation network

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Design 1: IPTV Network DesignLayer 2 Aggregation Network With Ring Topology

BigIron RX-4NETWORKS




Aggregationnetwork

BNG

Subscribers

Access device (e.g.DSLAM, PON OLT etc)Broadband Network GatewayBNG

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Design 2: IPTV Network DesignLayer 3 Aggregation Network




Aggregationnetwork


Switch1

Switch2

Switch4

Switch3

Video source



RP1

RP2

Subscribers

Subscribers

R1

R2

R3

R4

Note: Topology of the aggregation network may be any generic mesh

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Design 3: IPTV Network DesignMulticast Overlay On Top of MPLS Network




Aggregationnetwork


Switch1

2

4

3

Video source



RP1

RP2

Subscribers

Subscribers

R1

R2

R3

R4

Note: Topology of the aggregation network may be any generic mesh

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Design 4: IPTV Network DesignMulticast Distribution Using VPLS




VPLS In The Aggregationnetwork


Video source



R2

R3

Subscribers

Subscribers

R1

R6

R5

R4

Note: Topology of the aggregation network may be any generic meshEnd-points of

the VPLS

All routers R1 .. R6 are part of a common VPLS instance

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PIM-SSM and IGMPv3: Why Source Specific Multicast?

• Challenges with Any Source Multicast (ASM):– Poor access control in “traditional” Any Source Multicast (ASM)

model

– Inefficient handling of well-known sources

– Limited multicast address space and address allocation

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How to Implement IPTV Networks

Closing Thoughts

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Explosive Subscriber Growth in IPTV

• Explosive world-wide subscriber growth in this segment in the coming years

• 2008 is the year the hockey stick effect takes shape!

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rs (

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CY04 CY05 CY06 CY07 CY08 CY09CALANor

th A

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caEM

EAAsia

Pac

ific

Calendar Year

Worldwide IPTV Subscribers by Geographic Region

Source: Infonetics Research, “IPTV Equipment, Services and Subscribers Market Share and Forecast”, October 2006

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Tremendous Growth Potential World-wide!

• Demand for world-wide edge routing and switching equipment for IPTV expected to grow 34% this year and 20+% over the next 2 years

Worldwide Edge Routing and Switching Equipment for IPTV Forecast

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

CY2006 CY2007 CY2008 CY2009

Mill

ion

s

Year

Pro

ject

ed r

even

ues

CALA

Asia Pacific

EMEA

North America

Source: Infonetics Research, “IPTV Equipment, Services and Subscribers Market Share and Forecast”, October 2006

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What to look for in an IPTV Solution

• Guaranteed wire-speed performance independent of packet size• Advanced QoS architecture required for multi-play services• Low latency architecture assures better user experience• High Availability Architecture that minimizes service downtime• High Density solutions available in a variety of cost optimal

configurations• Future-proof infrastructure with readiness for 100-GbE

– The only IPTV aggregation platform with true 100-GbE readiness today

• High infrastructure security

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How to Implement IPTV Networks

Thank you

Documents

How To Implement IPTV Networks