How to Perform Wudu Ghusl Salaah A5

8/8/2019 How to Perform Wudu Ghusl Salaah A5

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HOW TO PERFORM WUDOO?

Oh you who believe! When you rise up for Salaah,

1. wash your faces and2. your hands as far as the elbows,3. wipe your heads with wet hands and4. wash your feet to the ankles.

If you had an emission of semen, then take a full bath. However, if you are

sick or on a journey or you have used the toilet or you had intercourse with

your women and you do not find any water then resort to Tayammum - find

clean soil and rub your faces and hands with it. Allah does not wish to

burden you; He only wishes to purify you and to perfect His favour upon

you, so that you may be thankful. [Surah Al-Maida 5:6]

The Intention (Niyyah)

This is the firm resolve of the heart to perform wudoo in obedience to Allah

and His Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam).

Shaikh-ul-Islam Ibn Taimiyyah stated that, The place of the intention is

the heart and not the tongue in all forms of ibadah (worship) and that is

agreed upon by all the Muslim scholars. [Majmoo at-ur-Raail il-Kubra]

How to begin wudoo?

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: There is no wudoo for him

who does not mention Allahs name upon it. [Ibn Majah, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawood,

Irwaul-Ghalil & Sahih Al-Jami]

One should say before starting to perform the wudoo:

Bismillah

In the name of Allah.


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3. washed his nose by breathing in water (using his righthen blowing it out (into his left hand).

4. Then he washed his face thrice (using both hands) an

5. arms up to the elbows thrice (starting with the right),

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t hand) and

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6. then passed his wet hands over his head (moving it fbackward) and cleaned his ears and

7. then washed each foot thrice (starting with the rightankles).

After that 'Uthman said, "I saw the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi

performing wudoo like this, and he said, 'If anyone performs

this and offers two rakah salaah during which he does not thi

anything else (concentrates in the salaah) then his past sins wi

forgiven.'" [Bukhari]

All the body parts washed must be wet

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) saw a person offerin

on the back of his foot a small part equal to the space of a coi

unwashed; water had not reached it. The Prophet (sallallahu a

wasallam) commanded him to repeat his wudoo and salaah. [

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Cleaning the teeth

Allahs Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, If I did not fear to

cause hardship on my Ummah I would have ordered them to use the

siwaak1

with every wudoo. [at-Tirmidhi, Maalik, Ahmad,Abu Dawood, Takhree ul

Mishkaat]

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, The siwaak is a means of

cleansing the mouth and pleasing the Lord. [Bukhari, Ahmad, Nasai, Ibn

Khuzaimah & Ibn Hibbaan]

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) did not get up after sleeping by

night or by day without using the miswak2 before performing wudoo. [Abu

Dawood]

Cleaning the nose properly

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, "Whoever performs wudoo

should clean his nose with water by breathing in water and then blowing it

out, and whoever cleans his private parts with stones should do it with odd

number of stones." [Bukhari]

The beard

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to run his (wet fingers)

through his beard. [at-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Ibn Jarood, & Al-Hakim]

Wiping the head & cleaning the ears

1

A traditional toothbrush made out of a twig of a tree branch.2 Another word for siwaak.


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The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam)wiped his head and put his two

index fingers into his ears and wiped the backs of his ears with his thumbs.

[Abu Dawood, an-Nasai, Ibn Majah & Ibn Khuzaimah]

Note that wiping of the back of the neck with the back of the hands while

wiping the head, as practiced by some is not part of the Sunnah.

Washing the feet properly

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) remained behind us on a journey.

He joined us while we were performing wudoo for the Asr salaah which

was overdue and we were just passing wet hands over our feet (not washing

them thoroughly) so he addressed us in a loud voice saying twice, "Save

your heels from the fire." [Bukhari]

Abu Hurairah said that as he passed by us while the people were

performing wudoo from a utensil containing water, "Perform wudoo

perfectly and thoroughly for Abul-Qasim (the Prophet) said, 'Save your

heels from the Hell-fire.'" [Bukhari]

Narrated Al-Mustawrid ibn Shaddad: I saw the Messenger of Allah

(sallallahu alayhi wasallam) rubbing his little finger in between his toes

when he performed wudoo. [Abu Dawood]

This is to ensure that the heels are washed well as well as between the toes.

What invalidates the wudoo?

Passing windAllah's Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, "The salaah of a

person who does hadath is not accepted till he repeats his wudoo." A personasked Abu Huraira, "What is hadath'?" Abu Huraira replied, 'Hadath means

the passing of wind from the anus." [Bukhari]

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: When any of

you breaks wind during the salaah, he should turn away and perform wudoo

and repeat the salaah. [Abu Dawood]

Going to the toilet


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Narrated Al Mughira bin Shuba: I was in the company of Allah's

Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) on one of the journeys and he went

out to answer the call of nature (and after he finished) I poured water and he

performed wudoo; he washed his face, forearms and passed his wet hand

over his head and over his leather socks. [Bukhari]

Deep sleepAllahs Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, The eye is the

drawstring for the anus, so he who sleeps then let him make wudoo. [Abu

Dawood, at-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Darimi & Ahmad]

Touching your sexual organsThe Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, If one of you touches his

penis and there is no veil between him and it nor any cover, then wudoo has

become obligatory for him. [Ibn Hibban & Al-Hakim]

Allahs Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, If one of you touches

his penis then let him make wudoo. [Abu Dawood & Muwatta Maalik]

Eating camel meatThe Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) was asked about

performing wudoo after eating camel meat. He replied: Perform wudoo,

after eating it. He was asked about performing wudoo after eating sheep

meat. He replied: Do not perform wudoo after eating it ... [Abu Dawood]

Losing consciousnessThe majority of the scholars have said that this is due to the person not

knowing whether or not he is in the state of wudoo. []

Any excretion from the penis, vagina or anusFatima bint Abi Hubaish came to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam)

and said, "O Allah's Messenger I get persistent bleeding from the uterus and

do not become clean. Shall I give up my salaah?" Allah's Messenger replied,

"No, because it is from a blood vessel and not the menses. So when your

real menses begins give up your salaah and when it has finished wash off

the blood (i.e. make ghusl) and offer your salaah." Hisham (the sub narrator)

narrated that his father had also said, (the Prophet told her): "Perform

wudoo for every prayer till the time of the next menses comes." [Bukhari]


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Narrated Ali: I used to get urethral discharges frequently and felt shy to

ask Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) about it. So I requested

Al-Miqdad bin Al-Aswad to ask about it. Al-Miqdad asked him and he

replied, "One has to perform wudoo (after it)." [Bukhari & Muwatta Maalik]

When in doubt about ones wudoo

"The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) was asked: If a person feels

something during his salaah; should one interrupt his salaah?" The Prophet

(sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: No! You should not give it up unless you

hear a sound or smell something." [Bukhari]

What does not invalidate wudoo?

EatingNarrated Suwaid bin Numan: In the year of the conquest of Khaibar I went

with Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) till we reached As-

Sahba where Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) led the Asr

salaah and asked for the food. Nothing but Sawiq3 was brought and we ate

it and drank (water). The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) got up for the

(Maghrib) salaah, rinsed his mouth with water and then led the salaah

without repeating his wudoo. [Bukhari]

BleedingThis involves bleeding due to a wound, cupping or a nosebleed, and

regardless of whether the amount of blood is small or large. [Fiqh-us-Sunnah]

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) was in the battle of Dhat-ur-Riqa

and a person was shot with an arrow and he bled profusely, but he made

rukoo and sujood and continued his salaah. [Bukhari & Abu Dawood]

VomitingThere is no authentic hadith that it nullifies wudoo. [Fiqh-us-Sunnah]

LaughingJabir ibn Abdullah said, If one laughs in salaah, he must repeat his salaah

but not his wudoo. [Bukhari]

3 A type of food made from wheat or barley.


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Touching a womanNarrated Aisha: One night I missed Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alayhi

wasallam) from the bed, and when I sought him my hand touched the soles

of his feet while he was in sujood [Muslim]

Narrated Aisha: The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) kissed me and

did not perform wudoo. [Abu Dawood]

Talking while making wudooIt is permissible to speak while performing wudoo as there is nothing

reported from the Sunnah that prohibits it. [Fiqh-us-Sunnah]

It also must be noted that making dua (supplication) while washing each

body part is also not from the Sunnah.

Wudoo before going to sleep

The Prophet said, "Whenever you go to bed perform wudoo like that for the

salaah, lie on your right side [Bukhari]

Dua after completing wudoo

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, If anyone

amongst you performs the wudoo, completes the wudoo well and then says:

Ashhadu an la ilaha illallahu wahdahu la shareeka lahu wa ashhadu annaMuhammadan abduhu wa rasooluhu

[I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, He

has no partner; and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His

messenger] the eight gates of Paradise will be opened for him and he may

enter by whichever of them he wishes. [Muslim]


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HOW TO PERFORM THE GHUSL (ritual bath)?

These hadith demonstrate how the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam)

performed ghusl after becoming unclean.

Narrated Maimuna, the wife of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam): I

placed water for the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) to perform ghusl.

1. He washed his hands twice or thrice and2. Then poured water on his left hand and washed his private parts.3. He rubbed his hands over the earth (and cleaned them),4. rinsed his mouth,5. washed his nose by breathing water in and blowing it out,6. washed his face and7. both arms (starting from the right) and8. Then poured water over his body (starting from the right).9. Then he withdrew from where he had taken a bath and washed his

feet (starting from the right). [Bukhari]

Washing the hands first

Whenever Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) performed ghusl

fromJanaba4, he washed his hands first. [Bukhari]

How the Prophet dried himself?

Narrated Maimuna: I gave him a piece of cloth but he did not take it and

came out removing the water (from his body) with both his hands. [Bukhari]

Do you need wudoo after ghusl?

Narrated Aisha: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam)

performed ghusl and offered two rakah salaah and said the Fajr salaah. I donot think he performed wudoo afresh after making ghusl. [Abu Dawood]

When do you need ghusl?

Wet Dream

4 State of impurity after sexual intercourse or a wet dream.


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Um Sulaim, the wife of Abu Talha, came to Allah's Messenger and said, "O

Allah's Messenger! Verily Allah is not shy of (telling you) the truth. Is it

necessary for a woman to perform ghusl after she has a wet dream

(nocturnal sexual discharge)?" Allah's Messenger replied, "Yes, if she

notices a discharge." [Bukhari]

Sexual IntercourseThe Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, "When a man sits in between

the four parts of a woman and has sexual intercourse with her, ghusl

becomes compulsory." [Bukhari]

MenstruationFatima bint Abi Hubaish came to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam)

and said, "O Allah's Messenger I get persistent bleeding from the uterus and

do not become clean. Shall I give up my salaah?" Allah's Messenger replied,

"No, because it is from a blood vessel and not menses. So when your real

menses begins give up your salaah and when it has finished wash off the

blood (perform ghusl) and offer your salaah." [Bukhari]

On FridaysThe Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: "Every Muslim should

perform ghusl on Friday and wear his best clothing, and if he has perfume,

he should use it." [Bukhari & Muslim]

Husband & wife bathing together

Aisha said, "Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) and I used to

take a bath from a single water container, from which we took water

simultaneously." [Bukhari]

Prohibitions

"The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) forbade urinating at the place

where one takes a bath." [Bukhari & Abu Dawood]

Allahs Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said, (one) should

neither touch his penis nor clean his private parts with his right hand." [Al-

Lulu wal Marjan]


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HOW TO PERFORM THE SALAAH?5

Facing the Ka'bah or Qiblah

When the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) st

he would face the Ka'bah in both obligatory (fardh) and volun

salaah, and he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) ordered that: Wh

for salaah, perform wudoo perfectly, then face the qiblah and

(i.e. Allahu Akbar).

Jaabir (radi Allahu anhu) said: "Once, when we were with the

Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) on an expedition, the sky

we tried to find the Qiblah but we differed, so each one of usdifferent direction, and each of us drew marks in front of him

mark our positions. In the morning, we looked at it and found

not prayed towards the Qiblah. So we mentioned this to the P

(sallallahu alayhi wasallam) [but he did not order us to repeat

and he said: Your salaah was sufficient."

Standing in Salaah

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to stand in salaah for botand voluntary salaah, carrying out the command of the Exalte

"And stand before Allah devoutly." (Surah al-Baqarah 2:238)

5 Adopted from the excellent book, The Prophets Prayer Described: from be

end as though you see it, by the noble sheikh Muhammad Naasir-ud-Deen al-

http://www.qss.org/articles/salah/toc.html. Note that all footnotes have been reasier reading and can be verified at the above website.

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The Sutrah and the Obligation to have one

The sutrah refers to an object, for example, the pillar of the m

a chair, etc., placed just beyond the place of sujood (prostratiowhich no-one or thing should pass.

"He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to stand near to the sutr

there was (a distance of) three cubits between him and the wal

"between the place of his prostration and the wall, (there was)

for a sheep to pass."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to say: "Do not pray ex

a sutrah, and do not let anyone pass in front of you, but ifcontinues (to try to pass) then fight him, for he has a comp

devil) with him."

Sometimes "he would seek to pray towards the pillar at his m

"When he prayed [in an open space where there was nothing t

sutrah] he would plant a spear in the ground in front of him an

towards it with the people behind him"; Sometimes "he would

mount sideways and pray towards it" but this is not the samethe resting-place of camels, which "he forbade", and sometim

take his saddle; set it lengthwise and pray towards its end."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would say: When one of you

front of him something such as the stick on the end of a sa

should pray and not mind anyone who passes beyond it.

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Once "he prayed towards a tree" and sometimes "he would pray towards the

bed on which Aishah (radi Allahu anhaa) was lying [under her sheet]."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam), would not let anything pass between him

and his sutrah, hence once "he was praying, when a sheep came running in

front of him, so he raced it until he pressed his belly against the wall [and itpassed behind him]."

He also used to say: When one of you prays towards something which is

a sutrah between him and the people and someone intends to cross in

front of him, then he should push him in the throat [and repel, as much

as he can], (in one narration: he should stop him, twice) but if he

refuses then he should fight him, for verily he is a devil.

He also used to say: If the person who passed in front of someone prayingknew (the sin) on him, it would be better for him to wait forty than to pass

in front. (Abu an-Nadr said, "I do not remember exactly whether he said

forty days, months or years.").

Intention

He (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam) used to say: All actions are by their

intention, and every man shall have what he intended.

Note that the intention is in the heart, it is not to be said verbally before

starting the salaah as some people mistakenly do.

Saying Takbeer (Allahu Akbar)

Then he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would commence the salaah by saying:

Allahu Akbar

Allah is the Greatest


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He ordered: Verily, the salaah of a person is not complete

made wudoo which has included the necessary parts of th

has then said: 'Allahu Akbar'.

He would also used to say: The key to the salaah is purifica

entered by takbeer (i.e. saying Allahu Akbar) and exitedsaying salaam).

Also, "he used to raise his voice for the takbeer such that thos

could hear." But, "when he fell ill Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anh

raise his voice to convey the takbeer of the Messenger (sallall

wasallam) to the people."

He would also say: When the Imam says: Allahu Akbar, th

Allahu Akbar.

Raising the Hands

He would raise his hands sometimes with the takbeer, someti

takbeer (Allahu Akbar), and sometimes before it.

"He would raise them with fingers apart [not spaced out, nor t

"he would put them level with his shoulders", although occasi

would raise them until they were level with [the tops of] his e

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To Place the Right Arm on the Left Arm, and the comm

"He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to place his right arm o

and he used to say: We, the company of prophets, have bee

commanded to place our right arms on our left arms d

Also "he passed by a man who was praying and had placed hi

his right, so he pulled them apart and placed the right on the l

To Place the Hands on the Chest

"He used to place the right arm on the back of his left palm, w

forearm", "and he commanded his companions to do likewise

(sometimes) "he would grasp his left arm with his right."

"He used to place them on his chest."

To Look at the Place of Prostration, and Humility

"He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to incline his head duri

fix his sight towards the ground"- "while he was in the Ka'bah

not leave the place of his sujood until he came out from it" an

not fitting that there should be anything in the House whi

the person praying.

In another hadith: So when you pray, do not look here and t

Allah sets His Face for the face of his slave in his salaah as

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does not look away, and he also said about looking here and

snatching away which the devil steals from the slave durin

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also said: Allah does not cea

a slave in his salaah as long as he is not looking around; w

his face away, Allah turns away from him; he "forbade threpecking like a hen, squatting (iq'aa') like a dog and looking ar

fox"; he also used to say, Pray a farewell salaah as if you se

you do not see Him, surely He sees you; and, Any person w

obligatory salaah is due, excels in its wudoo, humility and

have it as a remission for his previous minor sins as long a

commit a major sin, and this (opportunity) is for all times.

He would also say: Salaah is not valid when the food has b

nor when it is time to relieve oneself of the two filths.

Opening Supplication (Dua)

Subhana kallah humma wabi hamdika watabara kasmuka wa

duka wala ilaha ghairuka

You are Glorified, O Allah, and Praised; Your Name is Bl

Majesty is Exalted, and none has the right to worshipped

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also said, Indeed, the words

by Allah are when His slave says: You are glorified, O All

Quran Recitation

Next, he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would seek refuge with

Exalted, saying:

Audhu billahis-Sami al Aleem minsh-shaitan

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I seek refuge with Allah, the all-Hearing, the all-Knowing,Evil One ...

Next, he would recite Surah al-Fatihah and divide his recitati

one verse at a time. He would say:

Bismillahir Rahman ir Raheem

In the Name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Bestower of

but not loudly.

Recitation of one Verse at a Time

[Here he would pause, and then say:]

Alhamdullilahi Rabbil Alameen

[Then he would pause, and then say:]

Ar Rahman ir Raheem


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Maliki Yawmid deen

Master of the Day of Judgment.


Iyyaka nabudu wa Iyyaka nastaeen

You alone we worship, You alone we ask for help


Ihdinas siratal mustaqeem

Guide us to the Straight Way


Siratal ladheena an amta alayhim ghayril maghdoobi alayhim

daalleen

The Way of those on whom You have bestowed Your Gra

those who have earned Your anger nor of those who have

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wa lad

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gone astray


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The aameen, and the Imams saying it Loudly

When he (sallAllahu 'alaihi wasallam) finished reciting Surah

would say:

Aameen

Let it be so.

loudly, prolonging his voice.

He also used to order the congregation to say aameen: After t

recites,

maghdoobi alayhim wa lad daalleen

"Not of those who receive (Your) anger, nor of those who

then say "aameen" [for the angels say "aameen" and the iaameen"] (in another narration: when the imam says "aame

"aameen"), so he whose aameen coincides with the aameeangels (in another narration: when one of you says "aameen

and the angels in the sky say "aameen", and they coincidesins are forgiven. In another hadith: ... then say aameen; All

answer you.

He also used to say: The Jews do not envy you over anythin

they envy you over the salaam and (saying) aameen [behin

Then recite another surah or part of a surah.6

6 See the back of the book to learn some short surahs.

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al-Fatihah, he

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The Necessity of Surah al-Fatihah, and its Excell

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would strongly emphasise the

of this surah, saying: "There is no salaah for the one who di

[in it] the opening chapter", and in another saying: That sal

sufficient in which a man does not recite the Opening of thalso said: He who performs salaah in which he does not re

Opening of the Book, then it is deficient, it is deficient, it iincomplete. He also said: Allah the Blessed and Exalted ha

divided the salaah between Myself and My servant, into two h

it is for Me and half is for My servant, and My servant shall h

has asked for." Then the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayh

said: Recite! The servant says "Praise be to Allah, the Lor

Worlds"; Allah the Exalted says "My servant has praised M

servant says, "The Most Merciful, the Bestower of Mercy"My servant has extolled Me". The servant says "Master of

Judgment"; Allah the Exalted says, "My servant has glorifi

servant says, "It is You (alone) we worship and it is You (for help"; [He says:], "This is between Me and My servant,

servant shall have what he has asked for". The servant says,

the Straight Path, the Path of those whom You have favou

those who receive Your anger, nor of those who go astray"All these are for My servant, and My servant shall have wha

for."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also used to say: Allah did n

the Torah or the Gospel anything like the Mother of the Q

the Seven Oft-Repeated[and the Grand Recitation which

bestowed upon me].

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) commanded it to be recited in

but said to one who could not recite it, Say:

Subhan Allah wal hamdullilah wa La ilaha illallah wa Allahu

hawla wala quwata illa billah

/

nce

importance

d not recite

ah is not

e Book. Heite the

deficient,said: "I have

alves: half of

ve what he

wasallam)

of the

e". The

; Allah says,the Day of

d Me". The

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Guide us to

red, not of

. [He says:],he has asked

t reveal in

uran. It is

ave been

the salaah,

Akbar wa La


24/46


I declare Allah free from all defects; all Praise be to Allah; none has

the right to be worshipped but Allah; Allah is the Greatest; there is no

might or power except by Allah.

He also said to "the one who prayed badly": If you know some of the

Quran, then recite it, otherwise praise Allah, declare His Greatnessand declare that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah.

The Abrogation of Recitation behind the Imam in the Loud Salaah

He had given permission for those being led by the Imam to recite Surah al-

Fatihah in the loud salaah, when once:

"he was praying Fajr and the recitation became difficult for him. When he

finished, he said: Perhaps you recite behind your imam. We said: "Yes,quickly, O Messenger of Allah." He said: Do not do so, except for [each

of you reciting] the opening chapter of the Book, for the salaah is not

valid of the one who does not recite it.

Later, he forbade them from reciting in the loud salaah at all, when:

"He finished a salaah in which he was reciting loudly (in one narration: it

was the dawn salaah) and said: Were any of you reciting with me just

now?! A man said: "Yes, I was, O Messenger of Allah". He said: I say,

why am I contended with? [Abu Hurairah said:] So the people stopped

reciting with the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) when he

was reciting loudly after hearing that from him [but they recited to

themselves quietly when the imam was not reciting loudly]."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also made silence during the imams

recitation part of the completeness of following the imam, saying: The

imam is there to be followed, so when he says takbeer, say takbeer, andwhen he recites, be silent, just as he made listening to the imams

recitation enough to not have to recite behind him, saying: He who has an

imam, then the recitation of the imam is recitation for him - this applies

for the loud salaah.


25/46


The Obligation to Recite in the Quiet Salaah

As for the quiet salaah, he urged them to recite during them; J

"We used to recite behind the imam in Dhuhr and Asr: Surah

another surah in the first two rak'ah, and Surah al-Fatihah in t

Seeking Refuge & Spitting Lightly during Salaah in ordTemptation

Uthmaan ibn Abi al-Aas (radi Allahu anhu) said to him, "O M

Allah! The devil comes between me and my salaah and confu

recitation!" So the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasa

That is a devil called Khinzab, so when you detect him, sewith Allah from him, and spit lightly on your left three ti

"So when I did that, Allah caused him to go away from me."

The Rukoo (Bowing)

After completing his recitation, he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam

pause for a moment, then raise his hands in the way described

the "Opening Takbeer", say takbeer, and make rukoo.

He also ordered: Indeed, the salaah of one of you is not cohe makes an excellent wudoo as Allah has commanded hi

he celebrates Allahs greatness, praises and glorifies Him,

the Quran as much as is easy for him from what Allah ha

and allowed him, then says takbeer and makes rukoo [and

hands on his knees] until his joints are at ease and relaxed

The Rukoo Described

/

aabir said,

l-Fatihah and

e last two."

r to Repel

essenger of

es me in my

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k refugees. He said,

) would

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26/46


"He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would place his palms on hi

"would order them to do likewise", as he ordered "the one wh

badly" in the aforementioned hadith.

"He would put his hands firmly on his knees [as though he we

them]", and "would space his fingers out", ordering "the one

badly" likewise, saying: When you make rukoo, place youryour knees, then space your fingers out, then remain (like

every limb takes its (proper) place.

"He used to spread himself (i.e., not be in a compact position)

elbows away from his sides."

"When he made rukoo, he would straighten his back and mak

"such that if water were poured on it, (the water) would stay t

run off)." He also said: When you make rukoo, put your pknees, straighten your back and hold firm in your rukoo.

"He would neither let his head droop nor raise it (i.e. higher th

but it would be in between.

The Obligation of Being at Ease in Rukoo

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to be at ease in his ruko

Abu Hurairah (radi Allahu anhu) said, "My close friend (salla

wasallam) forbade me from pecking in my salaah like a cocke

looking around like a fox, and from squatting like a monkey."

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also use

worst thief among men is the one who steals from his sala

"O Messenger of Allah, how does he steal from his salaah?"

does not perform rukoo and sujood properly.

/

knees", and

prayed

re grasping

ho prayed

palms onthat) until

, and keep his

it level",

ere (i.e., not

lms on your

an his back)",

.

lahu alayhi

rel, from

to say, The

h. They said,

e said, He


27/46


Once, "he was praying, when he glanced out of the corner of

man not settling his backbone in rukoo and sujood. When he

said, O assembly of Muslims! Verily, the salaah is not vali

who does not settle his spine in rukoo and sujood."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said in another hadith, The saman does not count unless he straightens his back in ruko

What to say while in Rukoo

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would say:

Subhana Rabbiyal Adheem

How Perfect is my Lord, the Supreme (three times).

Forbiddance of Reciting the Quran in Rukoo and S

"He used to forbid recitation of the Quran in rukoo and sujoo

he used to say, Verily, I have indeed been forbidden from rQuran in rukoo or sujood. In the rukoo, therefore, glorif

Supremacy of the Lord, Mighty and Sublime; as for the s

yourselves in supplication in it, for it is most likely that yo

answered.

Straightening up from the Rukoo, and what is to be s

Next, "he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would stand from ruko

Sami Allahu liman hamida

Allah listens to the one who praises Him.

/

is eye at a

inished, he

of the one

laah of aand sujood.

ujood

d." Further,

eciting thethe

jood, exert

will be

id then

, saying,


28/46


He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also ordered: No person's sal

complete until ... he has said takbeer ... then made rukoo ... th

"Allah listens to the one who praises Him" until he is standin

When he raised his head, he would stand straight until every vreturned to its place.

Next, "he would say while standing:

Rabbana walakal hamd

Our Lord, [and] to You be all Praise.

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) has commanded all worshipp

behind an imam or not, to do the above on rising from rukoo,

Pray as you have seen me praying.

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also used to say, The imam

followed ... when he has said 'Allah listens to the one whothen say, '[O Allah!] Our Lord, and to You be all Praise';

listen to you, for indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted, has stongue of His Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam): Allah li

one who praises Him.'

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also gave a reason for this co

another hadith, saying: for he whose saying coincides with t

angels will have his past sins forgiven.

/

aah is

n has said

straight."

ertebra

rs, whether

by saying:

s there to be

raises Him'llah will

id via thetens to the

mand in

at of the


29/46


He used to raise his hands after standing up from rukoo, in th

described under the Opening Takbeer.

The Sujood or Sajdah (Prostration)

Next, "he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would say takbeer andsajdah", and he ordered saying: No one's salaah is complete

says: Allah listens to the one who praises Him and stands

then says: Allah is the Greatest and makes sajdah such th

are at rest.

Also, "when he wanted to perform sajdah, he would say takbe

hands by his sides,] and then perform sajdah."

Going Down into the Sajdah on the Hands

"He used to place his hands on the ground before his knees."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to instruct likewise, sayi

one of you performs sajdah, he should not kneel like a ca

should place his hands before his knees.

The Sajdah or Sujood Described

/

way

go down intounless ... he

p straight,

t his joints

er, [place his

ng, When

el, but


30/46


"He would support himself on his palms [and spread them]", "fingers together", and "point them towards the qiblah."

Also, "he would put them (i.e. his palms) level with his shoul

sometimes "level with his ears". "He would put his nose and f

firmly on the ground."

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: When you make sujo

firm in your sujood; in one narration: When you make su

your face and hands down firmly, until all of your bones a

their proper places.

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also used to say, "There is n

the one whose nose does not feel as much of the ground asforehead."

"He used to put his knees and toes down firmly", "point with

the toes towards the qiblah", "put his heels together", "keep hiand "ordered likewise."

Hence, these are the seven limbs on which he (sallallahu alay

would make sujood: the palms, the knees, the feet, and the for

nose - counting the last two as one limb in sajdah, as he (salla

wasallam) said: I have been ordered to make sujood (in on

we have been ordered to make sujood) on seven bones: onforehead ..., and he indicated by moving his hand around his

hands (in one version: the palms), the knees and the toes, atuck up the garments and hair.

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also used to say, When a sla

sajdah, seven limbs prostrate with him: his face, his palms

and his feet.

"He would not rest his arms on the ground", but "would raise

the ground, and keep them away from his sides such that the

/

put his

ers", and

orehead

d, then be

ood, put

re relaxed in

salaah for

the

he front of

s feet upright",

i wasallam)

ehead and

lahu alayhi

narration:

thenose, the

d not to

e makes

, his knees

hem above

hiteness of


31/46


his armpits could be seen from behind", and also "such that if

or kid wanted to pass under his arms, it would have been able

He used to order likewise, saying, When you perform sajda

palms (on the ground) and raise your elbows, and Be level

and none of you should rest his arms like the resting of a dnarration: like a dog spreads them). In a separate hadith, No

should rest arms on the ground the way a dog rests them.

The Obligation to be at Ease in Sujood

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to command the proper

of rukoo and sujood, comparing someone not doing so to the

who eats one or two dates, which are of no use to him, and als

about him, he is indeed one of the worst thieves among the

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also ruled that the salaah of o

not straighten his spine fully in rukoo and sujood is invalid, a

mentioned under "Rukoo", and ordered "the one who prayed

ease in his sujood, as mentioned before.

What to say while in Sujood

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would say:

Subhana Rabbiyal Ala

How Perfect is my Lord, the Most High, three times.

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also used to say, The slave is

Lord when he is prostrating, so increase supplication [in it

The Excellence of the Sajdah

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to say, There is no one

ummah whom I will not recognise on the Day of Resurrect

said, "How will you recognise them, O Messenger of Allah, a

/

a small lamb

to do so."

, place your

in sujood,

og (in onee of you

erformance

ungry man

o saying

people.

e who does

has been

adly" to be at

closest to his

].

mong my

ion. They

mong the


32/46


multitude of created beings?" He said, Do you not see that w

you to enter an enclosure in which there was a black steed

with a white forehead and legs, would you not recognise tthe former? They said, "Of course." He said, Thus, my um

day will surely have white faces because of sujood, and wh

feet because of wudoo.

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would also say, When Allah

have mercy on whomsoever he wishes of the people of the

order the angels to bring out whoever used to worship All

will bring them out, recognising them from the marks of s

Allah has prohibited the Fire from devouring the marks o

Thus, they will be brought out from the Fire, for the Fire

a son of Adam except the marks of sujood.

Rising from Sajdah

Next, "he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would raise his head fr

while saying takbeer", and he ordered saying, The salaah of

not complete until ... he makes sujood until his limbs are a

he says, 'Allah is the Greatest' and raises his head until he

straight.

To sit muftarishan between the Two Sajdahs

/

re one of

and a horse

e latter fromah on that

ite arms and

ntends to

ire, He will

h; so they

jood, for

sujood.

evours all of

m sujood

ny person is

rest, then

is sitting


33/46


Next, "he would lay his left foot along the ground and sit on i

and he ordered thus, When you make sujood, prostrate fir

when you rise, sit on your left thigh.

"He would have his right foot upright", and "point its toes tow

qiblah."

The Obligation of Being at Ease between the Two S

"He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would be relaxed until every

returned to its (proper) position", and he ordered "the one wh

badly" likewise, and said to him, The salaah of any of you is

until he does this.

What to say between the Two Sajdahs

In this sitting, he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would say:

Allahum-magfirli warhamni wajburni warfani wahd

warzuqni

O Allah! (in one version: O my Lord!) Forgive me;

on me; [strengthen me;] [raise my rank;] guide m

me;] sustain me.

The Second Sajdah

/

[relaxed]",

ly, then

ards the

jdahs

bone

prayed

not complete

ini waafini

have mercy

e; [pardon


34/46


Next, "he would say takbeer and make sujood for the second t

ordered saying that after the ease between sajdahs, then say '

Greatest' and make sujood until your joints are relaxed [aall your salaah]. He would perform this sajdah exactly as he

first one.

Next, "he would raise his head while saying takbeer", and he

after prostrating for the second time, "then raise your head a

takbeer". He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) also said to him, "[in all your rukoo and sujood,] for if you do that, your sala

complete, and if you fall short in any of this, you will be de

your salaah."

The Sitting of Rest

Next, "he would sit straight [on his left foot, upright, until eve

returned to its position]."

/

ime." He also

llah is the

nd do that inerformed the

rdered saying

nd say

hen do thath will be

ficient in

ry bone


35/46


Supporting Oneself with the Hands on Rising for the Next Rak'ah

Next, "he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would get up for the second rak'ah,

supporting himself on the ground." Also, "he would clench his fists during

salaah: supporting himself with his hands when getting up."

The Second Rak'ah

"When he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) got up for the second rak'ah, he

would commence with All Praise be to Allah (Surah al-Fatihah), without

pausing."

He would perform this rak'ah exactly as he performed the first, except that

he would make it shorter than the first.

The Obligation of Reciting Surah al-Fatihah in every Rak'ah

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) ordered to recite Surah al-Fatihah in every

rak'ah, when ordering it in the first rak'ah, then do that throughout your

salaah (in one narration: in every rak'ah). He also used to say, There is

recitation in every rak'ah.

The First Tashahhud

Next, he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would sit for tashahhud after finishing

the second rak'ah. In a two-rak'ah salaah such as Fajr, "he would sit

muftarishan", as he used to sit between the two sajdahs, and "he would sit

in the first tashahhud similarly" in a three (i.e. Maghrib) or four (i.e. Dhuhr,

Asr and Isha) rak'ah salaah.

He also ordered, When you sit in the middle of the salaah, then be calm,

spread your left thigh and perform tashahhud.

"When he sat in tashahhud, he would place his right palm on his right thigh

(in one narration: knee), and his left palm on his left thigh (in one narration:

knee, spreading it upon it)"; and "he would put the end of his right elbow on

his right thigh."


36/46


Moving the Finger in Tashahhud

"He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would spread his left palm o

clench all the fingers of his right hand, point with the finger a

thumb towards the qiblah, and fix his sight on it (i.e. the finge

Also, "when he pointed with his finger, he would put his thu

middle finger", and sometimes "he would make a circle with t

"When he raised his finger, he would move it, supplicating wi

used to say, "It is surely more powerful against the devil th

meaning the index finger."

Also, "the Companions of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasal

remind each other, that is, about pointing with the finger whe

supplicating."

"He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would do this in both tashah

The Manner of Tashahhud

The tashahhud of Ibn Mas'ood, who said, "The Messenger of

(sallallahu alayhi wasallam) taught me the tashahhud, [with]

between his palms, the way he taught me surahs of the Quran

/

n his left knee,

jacent to the

r)."

b on his

hese two."

th it", and he

an iron,

lam) used to

uds."

llah

y palm

:


37/46


.

Attahiyatu lillahi was salawatu wat tayyibatu Assalaamu alayka ayyuhan

nabiyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu Assalaamu alayna wa ala ibadilla

his saliheen. Ashhadu anla ilaha illal lahu wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan

abduhu wa rasuluhu

All compliments, salaah and pure words are due to Allah. Peace be on

you, O Prophet, and also the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peacebe on us, and on the righteous slaves of Allah. [For when one says that,

it includes every righteous slave in the heaven and the earth.] I bear

witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and I

bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and messenger.

Sending Salaah on the Prophet

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to send salaah on himself in the first

tashahhud as well as the other. He also established it for his ummah,

ordering them to send salaah on him after sending peace on him, and he

taught them how to do so:

Allahumma salli ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammadin kama sallayta

ala Ibraheema wa ala ali Ibraheema innaka hameedum majeed. Allahumma

barik ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammadin kama barakta ala

Ibraheema wa ala ali Ibraheema innaka hameedum majeed.

O Allah! send salaahs on Muhammad, and on the family of

Muhammad, as you sent salaahs on [Ibraaheem, and on] the family of


38/46


Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory. O Allah!

send blessings on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as

you sent blessings on [Ibraaheem, and on] the family of Ibraaheem;

You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory.

Standing up for the Third, and then the Fourth, Rak'ah

Next, he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would get up for the third rak'ah with

takbeer, and he ordered to do so likewise: Then do the same as explained

above in every rak'ah, as before.

"When he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) stood from the sitting position, he

would say takbeer, and then stand up"; and "he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam)

would raise his hands" with this takbeer sometimes as in the Opening

Takbeer.

"When he wanted to stand up for the fourth rak'ah, he would say: Allah is

the Greatest", and he ordered likewise.

"He would sit up straight on his left foot, at ease, until every bone returned

to its proper place, then stand up, supporting himself on the ground; and he

would clench his fists: supporting himself with his hands when standing

up."

He would recite Surah al-Fatihah in both these rak'ahs, and he ordered

likewise.

The Final Tashahhud

The Obligation of this Tashahhud

Next, after completing the fourth rak'ah (or the third rakah for Maghrib),he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would sit for the last tashahhud. He would

instruct regarding it, and do in it, just as he did in the first tashahhud, except

that "he would sit mutawarrikan", "with his left upper thigh on the ground,

and both his feet protruding from one (i.e. the right) side." "He would have

his left foot under his (right) thigh and shin", "his right foot upright" or

occasionally "he would lay it along the ground." "His left palm would cover

his (left) knee, leaning heavily on it."


39/46


The Obligation of Sending Salaah on the Prophet (sallal

wasallam) in this Tashahhud

Once, "he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) heard a man supplicati

salaah without glorifying the majesty of Allah Exalted, nor se

on the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam), so he said: This

hasty." He then called him and said to him and others, "Whe

prays, he should begin with the praise of his Lord, Sublimand his exultation, and then send salaah (in one narration:

send salaah) on the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam), an

supplicate as he wishes."

Also, "he heard a man glorifying and praising Allah, and send

the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) in salaah, so the Mes

Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said to him: Supplicate, a

answered; ask, and you will be given."

The Obligation to Seek Refuge from Four Things before

He (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) used to say, "When one of yo

the [last] tashahhud, he should seek refuge with Allah from fo

saying:

/

ahu alayhi

ng in his

ding salaah

an has been

one of you

e and Mighty,e should

d then

ing salaah on

enger of

d you will be

upplicating

has finished

ur things;


40/46


Allahumma inni audhu bika min adhaabil qabri wa min adhaawa min fitnatil mahya wal mamaati wa min sharri fitnatil mas

O Allah! I truly seek refuge with You] from the punishme

and from the punishment of the grave, and from the trials

dying, and from the evil [trials] of the False Christ.

Also, "he used to teach the Companions (radi Allahu anhum)

he taught them surahs of the Quran."

The Tasleem (Saying Salaam: Salutation of Peace)

Next, "he (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would look to his right

Assalaamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullah

Peace and Allahs Mercy be on you [such that the whiteness

cheek was visible]

And on his left, saying:

/

bi jahannamaeehid dajjaal.

t of Hellfire,

of living and

his the way

saying:

of his right


41/46


Assalaamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullah

Peace and Allahs Mercy be on you [such that the whitenesscheek was visible]."

THAT ENDS THE SALAAH.

After completing the salaah

Say:

Astaghfirullah (three times)

I seek the forgiveness of Allah.

/

of his left


42/46


Allahumma Antas salaam wa minkas salaam tabaarakta ya Dhul Jalali wal

Ikram. (This can be said aloud)

Oh Allah, You are peace and from You comes peace. You have blessed

us, Oh Owner of majesty and honour.

Subhan Allah (thirty-three times)

Glory to Allah.

Alhamdulillah (thirty-three times)

Praise be to Allah.

Allahu Akbar (thirty-three times)

Allah is the Greatest.

La ilaha illallahu wahdahu la shareeka lahu lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu wa

huwa ala kulli shaiin Qadeer


43/46


There is no god worthy of worship except Allah, He has no partner, His

dominion and His is the praise and He is capable of all things.

Supplication (Dua) after the salaah

Note that dua after salaah are to be done individually and not incongregation as practiced by some.

The Number of Rakah in the Obligatory (Fardh) Salaah

Name of Salaah and Time it is

performed:

Compulsory Number of Rakah in

Each Salaah:

Fajr (Before sunrise) 2

Dhuhr (after midday) 4

Asr (mid-afternoon) 4

Maghrib (After sunset) 3

Isha (Before sleeping) 4

Quiet and Audible Salaah

In Dhuhr and Asr salaah you are to recite to yourself quietly while in the

others your recitation should be loud that it can be heard by others. It is

only in the first two rakah that the salaah is audible e.g. in Isha the firsttwo rakah while the last two are said quietly and in Fajr both rakah are

said audibly.

The Difference between Sunnah (voluntary) and Fardh (Compulsory)

Salaah

The adhan and the iqamah are not said in Sunnah salaah while it is said for

all fardh salaah. Also to leave a Sunnah salaah there is no sin on the person

while to leave the fardh salaah is sinful.

How to stand in the rows (saff) in the congregational salaah?

One should stand shoulder to shoulder and foot to foot.

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: Make your rows straight,

for I can see you from behind my back. Anas said: so each of us would


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stand with his shoulder against his neighbours shoulder and his foot

against his foot.

Al-Bukhari titled the chapter in his Sahih: Chapter on standing shoulder to

shoulder and foot to foot and stated al-Numaan ibn Basheer said: I saw

people standing with their ankles against their neighbours ankle.

Shaykh Abd al-Azeem al-Abaadi said: These hadith clearly indicate the

importance of making the rows straight, which is part of the perfection of

prayer; they indicate that people should not stand back (from the row) or in

front of (the row), and that they should stand shoulder to shoulder, foot to

foot and knee to knee with their neighbours. But nowadays this Sunnah is

being ignored! If someone does this nowadays the people shy away from

him like zebras! Verily to Allah we belong and unto Him is our return.

Three Short Surahs

Surah al-Ikhlas/at-Tawheed (The Purity/The Unity of God)

Bismillahir Rahmanir Raheem.

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

Qul huwallahu ahad

Say, He is Allah, the One and Only.

Allahus samadAllah the Self-Sufficient

Lam yalid wa lam yulad

He begets not, neither was He begotten


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Walam yakullahu kufuwan ahad

And there is none comparable to Him.

Surah al-Falaq (The Dawn)



Qul Aoodhu birabbil Falaq

Say, I seek refuge with the Lord of the dawn

Min sharri ma khalaq

From the mischief of created things

Wa min sharri ghasiqin itha waqab

From the evil of darkness as it overspreads

Wa min sharrin naffathati fil uqad

From the evil of those who practice witchcraft

Wa min sharri hasadin itha hasad

And from the evil of the envious one as he envies.

Surah an-Nas (Mankind)


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Qul Aoodhu birabbin nas

Say, I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind

Malikin nas

The King of mankind

Ilahin nasThe God of mankind

Min sharri waswasil khannas

From the evil of the devil who whispers in the hearts of mankind and

withdraws after the remembrance of God

Allathi yuwaswesu fee sudurin nas

Who whispers in the breasts of mankind

Minal jinnati wan nas

From among jinn and mankind.

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Documents

How to Perform Wudu Ghusl Salaah A5