“HOW TO…” SPEECHProcess speech:

• Tells how to do something (how-to speech)• How to do something (perform a soccer-style place kick)

• How to make something (prepare healthy snacks)

• How something works (how a helicopter flies)

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ‘HOW TO’ SPEECH:

Select and limit an appropriate topic

Clearly state a specific purpose

Gather information from a variety of sources

Ask: does the topic relate to my audience’s experiences?

Organize the material

Ask: is the information new or can I offer new insights?

You will use audio/visual materials in your presentation – power point, posters, etc.

1.5 minutes minimum – shouldn’t exceed 5 minutes.

We will have time in the writing lab to work.

Requirements for the ‘how to’ speech:

• Select and limit an appropriate topic. Have your topic approved by me.• Clearly explain how to…• Use a visual in your presentation – PowerPoint, poster, prop, etc. NO VIDEOS. Check

with me if you have questions.• Organize your speech – begin with a grabber…end with a closing statement. Do Not

simply read off your visual. The visual should be used to aid your presentation. The information comes from you…the visual serves to emphasize and support your speech.

• Minimum 1.5 minutes. Maximum 5 minutes.• Speeches will be presented on Thursday!!!• If you did a PowerPoint…e-mail it to me ( ppugliese@sewanhaka.k12.ny.us )or save it to a flash drive.

• You will hand in the full written copy of your speech after you present!!!

CHOOSING A TOPIC FOR THE ‘HOW TO’ SPEECH…

Select a topic you are interested in Select a topic you have prior knowledge

about

Limit your topicNarrow your broad topic to a few specific topicsChoose the one you are more knowledgeable about,

or most interested in Ex: TOPIC: Making lunch SPECIFIC TOPIC: sandwich

LIMITED TOPIC How to make a PB&J sandwich

It is important to limit your topic. Your speech should be dedicated to 1 topic and not a general overview of your topic.

Why is it important

to limit your

topic?

Make a list of speech topics for process (how to) speeches. Limit your topics.

PROCESS Speech Topics:

1. How to get on American Idol

2. How to survive on a deserted isle

3. How to survive a zombie attack

4. How to eat …

5. How to play cricket

6. How to identify structure mirrors content

7. How to hotwire a car

8. How to commit the perfect murder

9. How to get into your dream college

10. How to survive high school

POSSIBLE SOURCESInternet

Library

Interviews

Personal Experiences

Surveys

How do reliable sources make our speeches credible?

INTRODUCTION AND ORGANIZATION FOR INFORMATIVE AND PROCESS SPEECHES

Introduction: Attention getter: Start off

withA question – your audience is

forced to listen and thinkA shocking statement – surprise

your audienceA story – or anecdote, hook the

audience with a relevant storyQuotation: make sure it’s

relevantPersonal reference: relate to the

audience’s experience Focus attention on the

subject Gain audience’s good will

Organization Chronological: details, events are

arranged in order, usually for expository speeches

Topical order: topic is broken down into parts and then arranged in an order by speaker, most common for expository speeches

Spatial order: details arranged according to their position in space, for descriptions.

Climatic order: arranges items according to their importance, least to greatest

Cause and Effect: show causes/conditions and the effects/results of those causes / conditions

Comparison/Contrast: show similarities and differences

Which of these methods of organization works best for expository speeches? Process speeches?

PLANNING THE BODY

Determine the main points to stress. (There should be three for the informative speech).

Organize the main points in a consistent pattern the audience can follow.

Outline all material you plan to use in the speech.

PLANNING THE CONCLUSION

Emphasize the key idea(s) of the speech.

Intensify the emotions, or feelings of the audience.

Techniques for Conclusions:

Summary - short restatement of information

Recommendation - tell the audience the kind of behavior you would like them to follow

Stirring ending: use a vivid quotation, tell a story, give an illustration, or relate a personal story. Your aim is to intensify the emotions or feeling that you want the audience to experience.

PREPARING YOUR SPEECH

Introduction: Gains the attention and goodwill of the audienceDevelops interest in the topic

Body:Presents the main points in an organized patternGives supporting information for the main points

Conclusion:Emphasize key ideas of the speechLeaves the audience with a greater interest in the

topic.

HOW DO WE ADAPT OUR SPEECH TO OUR AUDIENCE?

A. Experience: topics relate to audience’s knowledge

B. Familiarity: poll audience C. Technical knowledge: adapt technical

language to the level of understanding (ex: I know nothing about football, so you should…)

D. Details: especially for process E. Essential steps: especially process

Answer: How do these 5 components help our audience gain information from our speech?

THREE METHODS FOR AIDING RETENTION OF INFORMATION

Mnemonic devices: help memory by providing easy-to-remember associations (ex: acronyms: USA)

Audio-visual materials: tapes, graphs, charts, etc.

Demonstrations: especially for process speech

How do these methods help make our speech

interesting and effective?

WHAT NOW?

Create/brainstorm an example for each of the three methods for your speech

Figure out which method will work best for your speech.

Continue/complete writing your speeches.

You may do all of these things with a partner.