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Irina Stipanovic, Assist. Professor University of TwenteManaging Director, Infra Plan Consulting,
Meho Sasa Kovacevic, Professor of GeotechincalEngineering, University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering
Ken Gavin, Professor of Subsurface Engineering, TU Delft
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How to use new technologies for assessing the condition of transport infrastructure?
Content of the lecture
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Short Introduction Problems On-going research Case-study
CV short• 2000 – Graduated at University of Zagreb
• 2009 – PhD “Prediction of service life of reinforced concrete structures in marine environment”
• 2001 – 2007 University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, Research and Teaching Assistant
• 2007 – 2011 Institut IGH d.d., Head of Materials Laboratory, Head of R&D department
• 2011 – 2012 University Twente, Post doc researcher
• 2012 – today, Assist. Prof. University Twente CME Dept.
• 2016 – Infra Plan consulting Ltd. in Croatia3
Research topics
• Infrastructure Management• Climate Change Impacts• Risk Assessment • Decision Support Models
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• Scouring of the railway bridge, Croatia, 2009
• Ireland, slope failure, 2007 Malahide viaduct, Dublin to Belfast line, 2009
Climate Change Impacts on railway infrastructure
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Freezing Rain in Slovenia (town of Postojna), November 2013
Landslide triggered by a major flood event 2014, Bosnia
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• Flooding of a motorway junction in June 2013 at Deggendorf, Germany
• Flood caused the collapse of one bridge which hit another one, Zavidovici, Bosnia 2014
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Rockfalls due to the extensive rainfall and high temperatures – incidents in Croatia
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Impact on railway infrastructure – heat waves
Buckling of the rails
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SMART Rail 2011-2014
DESTinationRAIL 2015-2018
GoSAFERail 2016-2019
SAFE-10-T 2017-2020
European projects2011 - 2020
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DESTination Rail Approach - FACT
FINDANALYSECLASSIFYTREAT
DESTination RAIL Decision Support Tool for Rail Infrastructure
Decision Support Tool
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GoSAFE Rail Project Aim
GoSAFE RAIL Global Safety Management Framework for Rail Operations
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• Safety + Mobility• Object detection and micro-mobility planning
GoSAFE Rail Project Concept
GoSAFE RAIL Global Safety Management Framework for Rail Operations
Near Miss concept
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SAFE-10-T Multi-modal approach
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Entrance to the railway Tunnel Brajdica
Entrance to the 4-lane-road Tunnel Pecine – 1260 m long, built in 2006.
SAFE-10-T Safety of Transport Infrastructure on the TEN-T Network
Monitoring Systems for Obstruction Detection
University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil EngineeringInfra Plan consulting
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Monitoring Systems
1) A multi-sensor train mounted system utilising highresolution cameras and image processing techniques will bedeployed to identify hazards such as animals, humans orother objects that block the track.
2) Fixed camera systems will be used at critical points such aslevel crossings and tunnel entrances.
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3) LIDAR scanners complemented with radar systems operating at arange of frequencies to detect obstructions will be tested on theCroatian Rail network.
The need for multiple-sensor approach comes from the fact that everysingle-sensor system has certain disadvantage which limits itscapability. This is of importance since high demands are made on themeasurement range, precision and response time.
4) Implementation of drones into the object detection monitoringsystem
Monitoring Systems
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Obstruction detection using image processing
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Obstruction detection using image processing
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Obstruction detection using image processing
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Obstruction detection using image processing
Remote surveying of slopes and flood protection embankments
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Introduction
Remote surveying (sensing) is the science andtechnology of obtaining information about an object,area or phenomenon through capturing, processingand analysing data from various sensors located inspace, air or on the ground without touching it.
Space Air Ground
MethodsUAS used for embankment surveying field test is rotary wing DJI Phantom 4 Pro.
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UAS - DronesInteractive procedure for infrastructure surveying
Application
• Remote surveying• Monitoring of transport infrastructure
(damages, changes in vegetation, landslides, rockfalls, slopes, bridges…)
• Risk assessment• Maintenance planning
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• 'standard' means of visual examination is walking along the railway and noticingirregularities
• in the case of high or steep slope embankments, important information can easilybe overlooked
Typical problem of embankment instability - image recorded with UAV, as a part of the repair project on railway track in Croatia
landslide due to inadequate drainage
cross section for calculations
clogged drainagechannel
deformation of the existingsupport (driven rails and wooden sleepers)
Landslide monitoring and assessment
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Collection of data using unmanned aerial vehicleFlight plan:
UAS - Drones
Doljan notch mapping usingUAS:• 56 pictuers
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Collection of data using unmanned aerial vehicleGenerating point cloud:
UAS - Drones
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Generating cross sections areas and volumes Export of geometry to any CAD or design sooftware:
UAS - Drones
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UAS - DronesMapping Jurdani rockfall:• 175 pictures• Ground Sampling Distance (GSD): 0.48 cm
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UAS - DronesJurdani rockfall
Field approachPart of river Sava embankment in Zagreb was chosenfor a test field.
Results• A total of 117 images were taken.
Results• All images were geo-located at the time of
exposure and overall area covered by imagesduring the flight was 3.69 hectare.
• Image processing time took 90 minutes• Flight time 30 minutes• GSD: 2.26 cm• Number of 3D points created: 7.304.850
Results• 3D polyline, surface and volume calculation
Results• Digital Terrain Model DTM & Digital Surface Model
DSM
Results• High resolution orthophoto map of testing area
Results• Generated contours in *.dwg format exported in
Auto CAD
Results• Overlapped orthomasaic in “Google earth”
Results• 3D Mash
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Collection of data using unmanned aerial vehicle
Advantages:• 3D geometry in high accuracy • ability to customize to user needs – variety of outputs (risk
assessment, monitoring, design…)• provides research and recording of inaccessible areas
(hazardous terrain)• in case of loss of the aircraft, the pilot life is not in danger
Disadvantages:• high costs in the case of crash or damage• inability to measure in all weather conditions• Legislation• Amount of data
Implementation of UAS – Drones in IMs practices
