HR WM 01 February SR I 2009s11Indian Power Scenario Revised

8/2/2019 HR WM 01 February SR I 2009s11Indian Power Scenario Revised

1/45

INDIAN POWER SCENARIOINDIAN POWER SCENARIO

PAST,PRESENT,FUTUREPAST,PRESENT,FUTURE

ByByJITENDRA KUMAR BALJITENDRA KUMAR BAL

CHIEF MANAGER (HRD)CHIEF MANAGER (HRD)POWERGRIDPOWERGRIDEDC, HYDERABADEDC, HYDERABAD


2/45

INDIAN POWER SYSTEM GROWTHEVOLUTION

Installed capacity growth from 1349MW in 1947to 140GW by 2007 and 210 GW by 2012

Transmission system transformed from isolatedsmall grids to state grids and inter state grids.

Formation of state grid in 1960s

Formation of Regional grids in 1970s

Asynchronous interconnection of regional gridsin1990s

Towards formation of National grid from 2000 onwards


3/45

INDIAN POWER SYSTEM SIGNIFICANT

PARAMETERS AS ON 30.06.08

14.75%All India Deficit April to June 08

89602 MWDemand met (April-07)

104007 MWAll India Peak demand (April-07)

154230Villages yet to be electrified

606 units/yearPer capita consumption (04-05)

74:26Thermal Hydro Mix

1 44 913 MWTotal Installed capacity (Present)

Thermal 92565 MW

Hydro - 36033 MW

Nuclear - 4120 MW

RES - 12194 MW


4/45

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION A

COMPARISON

431 unitsPakistan

606unitsIndia

1651unitsChina

5710 unitsUK

10905 unitsAustralia

12250 unitsUS

3012units per annumWorld average per capitaconsumption


5/45

INDIAN POWER SYSTEM VILLAGES

YET TO BE ELECTRIFIED

Total No. of Villages : 593732

Villages Electrified : 439615

%Villages Electrified : 74%

Villages yet to be Electrified : 154117


6/45

INDIAN POWER SYSTEM

TRANSMISSION NETWORK

5872ckmHVDC

110916ckm220kV

70565ckm400kV

2013ckm765/800kV


7/45

SOUTHERN REGION POWER SYSTEM

AT GLANCE As on JUNE 08

ALL INDIA INSTALLED CAPACITY

NR ---- 38237 MW

WR ---- 44768 MW

ER ----- 19809 MW

SR ---- 39656 MW

NER --- 2366 MW

ISLANDS- 76 MW


8/45

SOUTHERN REGION POWER SYSTEM

AT GLANCE As on April 08

INSTALLED CAPACITY IN SOUTHERN REGION

AP - 9455 MW

KARNATAKA - 7672 MW

TAMILNADU - - 10846 MW

KERALA - - 2311 MW

PONDY - 33 MW

CGS - 9340 MWTOTAL - 39656 MW

GROSS DEMAND MET - 25714 MW

GROSS UNRESTRICTED REQ IN SR- 26737 MW

DEFICIT - 1023 MW May 08.


9/45

ER

SR

NR

HVDC BACK TO BACK LINKS

Evolution of National Grid

1.VINDYACHAL

2.CHANDRAPUR

3.GAZUWAKA4.SASARAM

Stage I NationalGrid completed

Interlinking all the

Regions with HVDC

Back to Back links.


10/45

ASYNCHRONOUS LINKS Part of National Grid

NER

ER

SR

NRNER

ER

SR

NRRIHAND-DELHI -- 1500 MW

CHANDRAPUR-PADGE 1500 MW

TALCHER-KOLAR 2000 MW

SILERU-BARASORE - 100 MW

HVDC BTB VINDYACHAL 500 MW

HVDC BTB CHANDRAPUR 1000 MW

HVDC BTB VIZAG - 500 MW

HVDC BTB SASARAM - 500 MW


11/45

SOUTHER

N REGION

WESTERN

REGION

EASTERN

REGION

NORTHERN

REGION

NORTH-

EASTERN

REGION

1

2

3

With the

commissioning of

Raipur-Rourkela

between WR and ER

during March 2003,

Indian power system

operating in three

electrical Regions.

3 ELECTRICAL

REGIONS

EVOLUTION OF NATIONAL GRID


12/45

SOUTHE

RN

REGION

WESTER

NREGION

EASTERN

REGION

NORTHER

N REGION

NORTH-

EASTERN

REGION1

2

With theCommissioning of

the Tala

Transmission

system during Oct

06 the E.R ,W.R and

N.R Grids weresynchronised and

Indian Power

systems is

operating on Two

Electrical Grids.

2 ELECTRICAL

REGIONS

EVOLUTION OF NATIONAL GRID


13/45

POWER SYSTEM 2012 Target Installed capacity growth from 140GW in

2007 to 210GW in 2012.

Transmission system voltage up gradationfrom 400kV to 765KV for HVAC systemsand from 500kV to 800kV for HVDCsystems.

Enhancement in Inter Regional powertransfer capacity from the present 13700MW to 37000MW in 2012.


14/45

POWER SYSTEM 2012 Target

ESTABLISHMENT OF ULTRA MEGA POWER PLANTS WITHASSOCIATED TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

MUNDRA GUJARAT 4000 MW BY TATAS-WORK COMMENCED SASAN M.P - 4000 MW BY RELIANCE-WORK COMMENCED.

KRISHNAPATNAM-AP- 4000 MW.- BY RELIANCE

TILAIYA JHARKAND 4000 MW ---Bids yet to be opened.

GIRYE MAHARASTRA 4000 MW TADRI KARNATAKA --- 4000 MW

AKALTARA CHATTISGARH 4000 MW

7 such Power plants (28000 MW) of above size are planned to be taken up inthe entire country during NEXT 7 YEARS .

2 more plants identification is under progress by PFC. In T.N , Orissa


15/45

POWER SYSTEM 2012 Target

KRISHNAPATNAM- TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 3 * D/C lines 400 KV QUAD MOOSE

(One D/C to Kurnool , One DC To Nellore and One D/Cto Gooty )

765 kV line from Kurnool to Raichur 765 kV 2 S/C from Raichur to Sholapur 765 kV sub stations at kurnool & Raichur with 3000

MVA transformation each. (Single phase Transformerseach 500 MVA)

. LINE REACTORS OF EACH 240 MVAR at either end.(1 Ph 80 MVAR)


16/45


17/45

POWER SYSTEM VISION 2022

Installed capacity at 600GW Likely additions

Hydro :80GW

Coal based :80GW

Coastal :90GW (Imported fuel) Nuclear :90GW

Distributed Gen :50GW

Next five decades Nuclear power predominates

upto 35 % total power generated by 2050.

By 2050 11 to 12 Lakhs MW required and 3 lakhs MWfrom Nuclear.


18/45

POWER SCENARIO BEYOND 2025

Peak Demand : 450000MW

Installed capacity :600000MW

Inter Regional capacity :140000MW

Need to go for super grid with transmissionvoltage level: 1200kV UHVAC & 800kV

HVDC

Support Tr. Network:

765kV EHVAC and 500kV HVDC Sub Transmission network :

400kV HVAC Transmission system


19/45

2025 Hierarchy of Transmission &

Distribution

1200kV UHVAC

765kV EHVAC

800 kV UHVDC

Distribution TransmissionSub transmission

66/ 33kV AC

11kV AC

0. 4 kV AC

400kv

132 Kv

220 kv

ICTICT

Generatingstations


20/45

Grid Operation 2025 Major

challenges

Reactive power Management

1200kV UHVAC line generates about

6MVAR/KM

400kV HVAC line generates about 0.55

MVAR/KM

High short circuit levels (70-100KA)

1200kV UHVAC line generates about 6MVAR/KM


21/45

SASARAM

SIPAT

DHULE

SOLAPUR

PUNE

LAKSHADWEEP

ITARSI

BINA

WARDHA

RAICHUR

INDORE

SEONI

SATNA

SASAN

KOTA

JAIPUR

AGRA

MOGA

MUNDKA

GWALIOR

KISHENPUR

TEHRI

LUCKNOW

FATEHPUR

BAREILLY

MEERUT

NICOBAR

1200KV UHVAC LINES

765KV EHVAC LINES

800kV HVDC BIPOLE

LEGEND

NKSTPP

RANCHI

ANDAMAN&

GAYA

BALIA

B'CHARYALI

POOLINGANGUL

AURANGABAD

RAIGARH POOL

RAIPUR POOL

JABALPURPOOL DHARAMJAYGARH

SAWAI M'PUR

SIKAR

BARNALA

JALANDHAR

BARODA

SUPER GRID /HYBRID GRID

APPILCATION TOTHE TUNE OF

1.00 Lakh MW CapacityAddition in LTOANOW ITSELF

REQUIREMENT OF

INTELLEGENT GRID


22/45

INDIA IS DIVIDED INTO 5 ELECTRICALREGIONS TO FECILITATE

BETTER GRID MANAGEMENT

ELIMINATION OF TOTAL BLACK OUTS

QUICK RESTORATION IN THE EVENT OF

FAILURES.

OPERATION OF REGIONAL GRIDS WITH SOUND

COMMERCIAL PRINCIPLES

NATIONAL GRID OPERATION

PRESENT PRACTICE


23/45

GRID MANAGEMENT & LOAD DISPATCH

CENTERS

N L D C

NRLDC ERLDC SRLDC WRLDC NERLDC

APTRANS KPTCL TNEB KSEB PONDYCPCC


24/45

RLDC - FUNCTIONS

Monitoring of system parameters and Grid security. To ensure the integrated operation of theRegional

Grids

System studies, planning and contingency analysis.

Analysis of tripping/disturbances and facilitatingimmediate remedial measures. Daily scheduling and operational planning.

Facilitating bilateral and inter-regional exchanges. Computation of energy despatch and drawal values

using SEMs.

Augmentation of telemetry, computing andcommunication facilities


25/45

RLDC MAJORACHEIVEMENTS

Improved system parameters ever sincethe implementation of Availability basedtariff.

Sharp decline in the Grid disturbances. High system security & redundant

system operation with theimplementation of real time data

acquisition system. Ease in commercial accounting system


26/45

AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF -- ABT

1. IT IS A THREE PART TARIFF SYSTEM

a) Fixed/Capacity charges for the Generator

b) Energy Charges

c) Charges for Deviation which is frequency linked (UI)

2. Normal frequency range 49.0 to 50.50 Hz

3. UI charges The generating station has to abide by the

declaration of availability on each day .If Generator generates

less than declared at low frequency , the generator is

penalised. If the deviations are above High frequency side the

generator will not be entitled for payment.


27/45

AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF -ABT

The UI rate varies according to the frequency prevailing in the grid

745

UI rate in paise/Unit

337

228

0

49 49.5 49.8 50.5

Frequency in HzTotal Payment for the day = Capacity charges + Energy charge UI char

9 Paise/Kwh for 0.02 Hz

16 paise/Kwh for 0.02 Hz step

6 Paise/Kwh for 0.02 Hz


28/45

IMPLIMENTATION OF ABTSR 01.01.2003

WR 01.07.2002

NR 01.12.2002

ER 01.04.2003

NER 01.04.2007


29/45

Reactive Energy charges :To control the voltage in the grid additional charges in the form of

Reactive energy charges are also charged

a. Payable for i) VAR drawl at voltage below 97 % of Voltage level

ii) VAR injection at voltage above 103 %of voltage level

b) Receivable for i) VAR injection at voltage below 97% of Voltage

ii) VAR drawl at voltages above 103 % of voltage level

c) Applied for VAR exchanges between i)Beneficiary system and

ISTS through pool account ii) Two beneficiary systems oninter state ties by themselves

Reactive Energy charges are @ 4 paise/KVARh with an escalation

5 % per year.



30/45

ADVANTAGES OF ABT

-- FACILITATES GRID DISCIPLINE

-- FACILITATES TRADING IN CAPACITY AND ENERGY

-- FACILITATES MERIT ORDER DESPATCH AS AND

WHEN MADE EFFECTIVE

-- IMPROVED FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE

-- ECONOMIC DESPATCH



31/45

FREQUENCY COMPARISION

Jan 02 & Jan 03



32/45

FREQUENCY COMPARISION

Feb 02 & Feb 03



33/45

Feb 02 & Feb 0374

53

72 1 0

3 40 0 0 0

0

20

40

60

80

100

2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

Year

GridDisturbances

Minor

Major

Minimum Grid disturbances after ABT


34/45

DEFINITION OF OPEN ACCESS INTHE ELECTRICITY ACT, 2003

The non-discriminatory provision for the use of

transmission lines or distribution system or

associated facilities with such lines or system byany licensee or consumer or a person engaged

in generation in accordance with the regulations

specified by the Appropriate Commission

CERCs Order on Open Access is effective from

06.02.2004


35/45

Salient Features of CERC Order/Regulations

Open Access customers categorised :

Short-Term - Upto One year.Long-Term - Twenty Five years or more

All Open Access customers to abide by IndianElectricity Grid Code.


36/45

NODAL AGENCY FOR OPEN ACCESS

For Short-Term Customers

RLDC of the Region in which the drawal point is

located.

For Long-Term Customers

Central Transmission Utility (CTU)

STU of the region in which the drawal point is

located when CTU system is not involved.


37/45

POWERGRID AT GLANCE

MISSION : Establishment and operation of Regional and

National Power Grid to facilitate transfer of

power within and across the regions with

Reliability, Security and Economy on sound

commercial principles.

Total length of transmission lines ---- 68035 Ckt Km

Total no. of 400 kv/220kv/132 kv S/S 113 Nos

Total transformation capacity --- 74382 MVA as on 30.05.08

Transmission system availability -- > 98.5 %

First power utility to get ISO-9001 certificate


38/45

POWERGRID SOUTHERN REGION

AT GLANCE As on 01.04.08

1No. of 220kV GIS sub station

1No. of HVDC Terminal stations2

No. of HVDC Back to Back links

23No. of 400kV sub stations

4000 MWInter Regional Transfer capacity

10008 MVATotal Transformation capacity

11176.26 Ckt km

2016 Ckt km

Total Transmission network

- 400kV HVAC

- 500kV HVDC


39/45

ABOUT POWERGRID

POWERGRID HAS EXPERTISE IN THE FOLLOWING

UPTO 800 KV AC SYSTEMS

500 KV HVDC SYSTEMS GAS INSULATED SUB STATIONS

STATIC VAR COMPENSATORS

SERIES COMPENSATION

CONTROLLED SHUNT REACTORS

FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM


40/45

ABOUT POWERGRID

CONSULTANCY WORKS AT ABROAD

Construction of 220 KV , 200 KM long Transmission

linein Afghanistan which is at a height of 4000 Mts above

sea level with snow for 9 months.

Execution of Optical Fibre network / Transmission

system in Bhutan.

Construction of 400KV GIS and associated

transmission network at Dubai


41/45

MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS & CHALLENGES

1. ESTABLISHED ASYCHRONOUS NATIONAL GRID

WITH THE HELP OF HVDC LINKS/ HVDC

TRANSMISSION

2. ESTABLISHED UNIFIED LOAD DISPATCH SCHEMES

IN SR,NR,ER. ULDC WORKS ARE UNDER PROGRESS

IN WR

3. ESTABLISHMENT OF SYNCHRONOUS NATIONAL GRIDBY 2012

4. ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL BACKBONE

TELECOM NETWORK


42/45

MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS & CHALLENGES

5. STRENGTHENING OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND

RURAL ELECTRIFICATION OF 87300 VILLAGES

IN 68 DISTRICTS OF 9 STATES.

6. INVESTMENT TO THE TUNE OF Rs 70,000 CRORES

ENVISAGED BY 2012

7. SETTING UP OF SUPER GRID AND HYBRID GRID

BEYOND 2017


43/45

UNIFIED LOAD DISPATCH SCHEMES ULDC

POWERGRID IMPLEMENTED LOAD DISPATCH ANDCOMMUNICATION SCHEMES THROUGH OUT COUNTRY

ER, NR,SR ULDC SCHEMES ARE COMPLETED AND

PRESENTLY UNDER OPERATION

BENEFITS OF ULDC

ECONOMIC DISPATCH OF POWER AMONG THE

REGIONS/STATES ON REAL TIME BASIS.

EFFECTIVE MONOTORING OF REAL/REACTIVE POWER

FLOWS AND AVOIDS GRID DISTURBANCES

NLDC IS UNDER FINAL STAGE OF COMPLETION


44/45

TELECOM NETWORK

1. POWERGRID ESTABLISHED TELECOM BACKBONE

NETWORK OF ABOUT 14000 KMS TO CONNECT 56 CITIES

2. OUT OF 14000 KM ,-- 10 000 KM ARE WITH OPGW AND

4000 KM WITH OPTIC FIBRE CABLE

3. 56 CITIES SHALL BE CONNECTED TO TELECOM

NETWORK IN 1ST PHASE.

4. PRESENTLY TELECOM ROUTES ARE UNDER OPERATION

A, DELHI MUMBAI

B. DELHI CHANDIGARH

C. DELHI -- JAIPUR


45/45

Documents

HR WM 01 February SR I 2009s11Indian Power Scenario Revised