Http:// December 12, 2002 Improved Oil Recovery in Mississippian Carbonate Reservoirs of Kansas DE-FC22-93BC14987 Timothy R. Carr, Dana Adkins-Heljeson,

December 12, 2002http://www.kgs.ku.edu

Improved Oil Recoveryin Mississippian

Carbonate Reservoirsof Kansas

DE-FC22-93BC14987 Timothy R. Carr, Dana Adkins-Heljeson,

Saibal Bhattacharya, Alan P. Byrnes,Evan K. Franseen, Paul Gerlach,

Willard (Bill) Guy, Richard Pancake,and W. Lynn Watney


Kansas Challenges• Small Independent Producers

– 3,000 Oil and Gas Operators

• Wells (33,104 wells < 5 BOPD)– Low Rate, High Water Cut

• Inadequate Reservoir Characterization

• Drilling and Completion Design Problems

• Low Recovery Factors– Non-Optimal Primary Recovery

• Operations at or Near Economic Limits


Kansas Approach• Develop Cost-Effective Technologies

– Reservoir Description and Management• Using “best” data

– Evaluation Methods– Spreadsheet log analysis software (PfEFFER)– Online Dissemination

• Information• Technology

– Demonstration• Horizontal Drilling• Infill Drilling


Total Production 6.6+ Billion Barrels

Regan & Granite2 %

ARBUCKLE32 %

Upper & MiddleOrdovician

8 % Hunton1 %

Pennsylvanian(Virgilian)

3 %

Pennsylvanian(Missourian)

23 %

Pennsylvanian(Desmoisian)

8 %

Pennsylvanian(Morrow)

3 %Pennsylvanian

(Other)1 %

Mississippian

19 %

Large Potential Target


Large Potential Target


Ness County, Kansas

• Numerous Targets– Regional Level



Schaben Field


Schaben: Vertical Sequence

0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00

Minipermeability (md)Oil

Stain

Dolo Wacke-Packstone

Grainstone

Lime or DoloMudstone - Wackestone

Silt-Shale Fill

Late Stage BrecciationOriginal Facies Indeterminate

Chert

Brecciation

4430.0

4435.0

Ritchie Exploration#1 Foos "A-P" TwinNE SW SW Sec. 31-T19S-R21WNess County, Kansas


Reservoir FaciesSkeletal Wackestone - Packstone

Ritchie 2 Schaben PRitchie 2 Schaben P


Depositional Model

Shelf

Skeletal Bank

Shoal Island

Lagoon

SkeletalBank

RestrictedShelf

Tidal Channel

Tidal

Flat

Silty Mudstoneand Wackestone

Mudstone andWackestone

Packstone andGrainstone

Wackestone andPackstone

Mudstone andEvaporites

Schaben Field


Perforation: 4400-4404Produced 85 bopd & 132 bwpd

Perforation: 4400-4404Produced 85 bopd & 132 bwpd

Super Pickett Plot

Reservoir PorositySaturationPay HeightBVW

Super Pickett Plot

Reservoir PorositySaturationPay HeightBVW

Petrophysical Analysis


PfEFFER


Remaining Oil Saturation

• Poor Lateral Drainage• Poor Lateral Drainage


Reservoir Simulation Infill Drilling Targets

So > 40% & Payheight > 20 ft.


Schaben Field Production


Horizontal Wells• Tools for Identifying Candidate Applications

– Production Data Analysis– Geologic Mapping– Integration of Production and Geologic Data– Field & Lease Level Volumetrics

• Reservoir Characterization/Simulation• Field Demonstration - Horizontal Infill Well

– Completed and Planned


IntegratingProduction & Geologic DataPoor Sweep - Vertical Wells in Updip Stratigraphic Trap

Welch-Bornholdt-Wherry FieldRice CountyKansas


Field Level Volumetrics OOIP/Qtr Section

0

0000

20S/7W

123456

7 8 9 10 11 1 2

1 3141 5161718

19 20 21 2 2 23 2 4

2 5262 7282 930

31 32 33 3 4 35 3 6

20S/6W

123456

7 8 9 10 11 12

131 415161718

19 20 21 22 2 3 24

252627282930

31 32 33 34 3 5 36

20S/5W

456

7 8 9

161718

19 20 21

2930

31 32

1

12

1 3

21S/7W

123456

7 8 9 10 11 12

1314151 61718

21S/6W

123456

7 8 9 1 0 11 1 2

1 3141 5161718

56

7 8

1718

Welch-Bornholdt-Wherry FieldsDiscovered: 1924Producing Reservoir: Mississippian OsageTrap Type: StratigraphicCumulative Production: 60 MMBO

Original Oil in Place per Quarter SectionCI: 500 MBO / qtr. section

Using data from one type wellper 1/4 section

= 10 MMBO

= 5 MMBO


Field Level VolumetricsRecovery Efficiency

0

60

0

20

20S/7W

123456

7 8 9 10 11 1 2

1 3141 5161718

19 20 21 2 2 23 2 4

2 5262 7282 930

31 32 33 3 4 35 3 6

20S/6W

123456

7 8 9 10 11 12

131 415161718

19 20 21 22 2 3 24

252627282930

31 32 33 34 3 5 36

20S/5W

456

7 8 9

161718

19 20 21

2930

31 32

1

12

1 3

21S/7W

123456

7 8 9 10 11 12

1314151 61718

21S/6W

123456

7 8 9 1 0 11 1 2

1 3141 5161718

56

7 8

1718

0

60

0

20

Recovery Efficiency per Quarter SectionCI: 2%

= 18%

Welch-Bornholdt-Wherry Fields

= 2%


Ness County, Kansas




Ness City North Field

• Numerous Targets– Local Level

• Numerous Targets– Local Level


Reservoir CharacterizationGeologic Model

Geologic model: log (Gr, Res), core, production, DST data

Maps & cross-sections of Mississippian sub-units: 5 layered reservoir model


Reservoir CharacterizationGeologic Model


Reservoir SimulationMapping Residual Potential


Reservoir Heterogeneity• Strong Horizontal

Heterogeneity– 10’ - 100’ Interval

– Karst Controlled

• Result Poor Lateral Drainage

• Strong Horizontal Heterogeneity– 10’ - 100’ Interval

– Karst Controlled

• Result Poor Lateral Drainage


Initial Production

IP: 85 BOPD & 54 BWPD (4/29/00)

Daily Prod:

55 BO& 50 BW

for 2-1/2 months (May to mid-July)

with 1000’ of fluid over pump

IP: 85 BOPD & 54 BWPD (4/29/00)

Daily Prod:

55 BO& 50 BW

for 2-1/2 months (May to mid-July)

with 1000’ of fluid over pump


Complete Production Loss


Lessons Learned • Operational Flexibility (Maintain Your Options)

– New Well vs. Reentry– Hole Size– Drilling Fluids– Case off the Curve– Line the Lateral

• Good Planning• Communication• “The Lateral is a Piece of Cake”• Horizontal Heterogeneity


Ness City North Production


Well and Production Data

Ness City North

Schaben


Ness City North


Well and Production Data


Gemini Modular Approach

KGS Server

apache - jserv

KGS Database & Files

Gemini User/Project

Module

Gemini User/Project

ModuleWell

Profile Module

Well Profile Module

PfEFFER Module

PfEFFER Module

DST Module

DST Module

Volumetrics Module

Volumetrics Module

Cross Section Module

Cross Section Module

Material Balance Module

Material Balance Module

Synthetic Seismic Module

Synthetic Seismic Module

PVT Module

PVT Module

Rock CatalogRock

Catalog

KHANKHAN

Fluid CatalogFluid

Catalog

Well Level Analysis Applets Field Level Analysis Applets

Rock & Fluid Characteristics Applets

Java Servlets


Table: Formation Name Type GEMINI_USER_KID N(10) WELL_HEADER_KID N(10) ZONE_NUMBER N(6) API_NUMBER V(40) TYPE_OF_ZONE N(2) FORMATION_NAME V(40) DATA_SOURCE V(40) START_DEPTH N(8,2) END_DEPTH N(8,2) DATE_MODIFIED D PFEFFER_KID N(10)

Table: Formation Name Type GEMINI_USER_KID N(10) WELL_HEADER_KID N(10) ZONE_NUMBER N(6) API_NUMBER V(40) TYPE_OF_ZONE N(2) FORMATION_NAME V(40) DATA_SOURCE V(40) START_DEPTH N(8,2) END_DEPTH N(8,2) DATE_MODIFIED D PFEFFER_KID N(10)

Gemini -Well Profile Module


Gemini -PfEFFER Module

Table: Pfeffer_Computed Name Type PFEFFER_KID N(10) BUTTON N(2) BUTTON_ORDER N(4) BUTTON_SELECTED N(2) LAS_KID N(10) RADIO_BUTTON N(2) CURVE_NUMBER N(4) CURVE_MNEMONIC V(100) VALUE N VALUE2 N CORRECTED N(2) CORRECTED_VALUE N TRACK N(2)

Table: Pfeffer_Computed Name Type PFEFFER_KID N(10) BUTTON N(2) BUTTON_ORDER N(4) BUTTON_SELECTED N(2) LAS_KID N(10) RADIO_BUTTON N(2) CURVE_NUMBER N(4) CURVE_MNEMONIC V(100) VALUE N VALUE2 N CORRECTED N(2) CORRECTED_VALUE N TRACK N(2)


Gemini -Volumetric Module


Kansas Approach• Develop Cost-Effective Technologies

– Reservoir Description and Management• Using “best” available data

– Evaluation Methods– Spreadsheet log analysis software (PfEFFER)– Online Dissemination

• Information• Technology

– Demonstration• Horizontal Drilling• Infill Drilling

Documents

Http:// December 12, 2002 Improved Oil Recovery in Mississippian Carbonate Reservoirs of Kansas DE-FC22-93BC14987 Timothy R. Carr, Dana Adkins-Heljeson,