Huawei BSC Description

HUAWEI BSC6000 System Description


Commercial in Confidence i

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction to BSC6000.............................................................................................1

Chapter 2 Key Benefits ................................................................................................................3 2.1 About This Chapter ...........................................................................................................3 2.2 Large Capacity and High Integration..................................................................................3 2.3 Flexible Configuration........................................................................................................4 2.4 Comprehensive Functions.................................................................................................4

2.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................4 2.4.2 Basic Functions ......................................................................................................5 2.4.3 Optional Functions ..................................................................................................5

2.5 Advanced RRM Algorithms ...............................................................................................7 2.5.1 Overview ................................................................................................................7 2.5.2 Power Control .........................................................................................................7 2.5.3 Handover................................................................................................................7 2.5.4 Radio Resource Allocation......................................................................................7

2.6 Smooth Upgrade and Capacity Expansion ........................................................................8 2.7 Compatibility with the Protocol Versions ............................................................................8 2.8 Convenient Operation & maintenance ...............................................................................8 2.9 Carrier-Class Reliability Design .........................................................................................9

Chapter 3 System Architecture .................................................................................................10 3.1 About This Chapter .........................................................................................................10 3.2 Hardware Structure.........................................................................................................10

3.2.1 Cabinet Appearance .............................................................................................10 3.2.2 Cabinet Configuration ...........................................................................................11 3.2.3 GIMS....................................................................................................................13 3.2.4 Service Subrack....................................................................................................14 3.2.5 Board....................................................................................................................17

3.3 Logical Structure.............................................................................................................18 3.4 Hardware Configuration ..................................................................................................20

3.4.1 Minimum Configuration .........................................................................................20 3.4.2 Maximum Configuration ........................................................................................21 3.4.3 Typical Configuration ............................................................................................23

Chapter 4 Functions...................................................................................................................25 4.1 About This Chapter .........................................................................................................25 4.2 Basic Functions...............................................................................................................25

4.2.1 Band Supporting ...................................................................................................25


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4.2.2 Service Provisioning .............................................................................................25 4.2.3 Mobility Management............................................................................................25 4.2.4 Cell Selection........................................................................................................26 4.2.5 Call Control...........................................................................................................26 4.2.6 Handover..............................................................................................................26 4.2.7 Power Control .......................................................................................................26 4.2.8 Measurement Report ............................................................................................26 4.2.9 Adjustment of Adaptive Timing Advance ...............................................................26 4.2.10 Radio Resource Management.............................................................................27 4.2.11 System Information .............................................................................................27 4.2.12 O&M Functions ...................................................................................................27 4.2.13 LAPD Multiplexing on the Abis Interface..............................................................27 4.2.14 Reliability and Maintainability ..............................................................................27 4.2.15 A Interface Functions ..........................................................................................27 4.2.16 Supporting Three-Digit MNC ...............................................................................28 4.2.17 STM-1.................................................................................................................28 4.2.18 Message Tracing ................................................................................................28 4.2.19 Cell Frequency Scan...........................................................................................29 4.2.20 TCH Reassignment.............................................................................................29

4.3 Optional Functions ..........................................................................................................29 4.3.1 SDCCH Dynamic Adjustment................................................................................29 4.3.2 PDCH Dynamic Adjustment ..................................................................................29 4.3.3 Concentric Cell .....................................................................................................29 4.3.4 Enhanced Full Rate ..............................................................................................30 4.3.5 Half Rate ..............................................................................................................30 4.3.6 Ciphering ..............................................................................................................31 4.3.7 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast..................................................................31 4.3.8 Frequency Hopping...............................................................................................31 4.3.9 TRX Mutual-Assistance.........................................................................................31 4.3.10 Cell Frequency Scan...........................................................................................31 4.3.11 Satellite Transmission .........................................................................................32 4.3.12 Extended Cell .....................................................................................................32 4.3.13 GPRS .................................................................................................................32 4.3.14 EGPRS...............................................................................................................32 4.3.15 2G/3G Interoperability .........................................................................................32 4.3.16 Multi-Band Networking ........................................................................................33 4.3.17 Semi-Permanent Connection ..............................................................................33 4.3.18 DTX and DRX.....................................................................................................33 4.3.19 Extended Frequency Band..................................................................................33 4.3.20 eMLPP................................................................................................................34 4.3.21 Network-Assisted Cell Change............................................................................34


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4.3.22 High Speed Signaling..........................................................................................34 4.3.23 Local Multiple Signaling Points............................................................................34 4.3.24 LCS ....................................................................................................................35 4.3.25 Adaptive Multi Rate.............................................................................................35 4.3.26 Speech Quality Enhancement .............................................................................35 4.3.27 TFO....................................................................................................................35 4.3.28 Coverage enhanced............................................................................................36

Chapter 5 O&M ...........................................................................................................................37 5.1 About This Chapter .........................................................................................................37 5.2 O&M Topology................................................................................................................37

5.2.1 LMT......................................................................................................................38 5.2.2 iManager M2000...................................................................................................38

5.3 O&M Function.................................................................................................................39 5.3.1 Security Management ...........................................................................................39 5.3.2 Maintenance Management....................................................................................40 5.3.3 Software Management ..........................................................................................41 5.3.4 Performance Management....................................................................................41 5.3.5 Fault Management................................................................................................41 5.3.6 State Monitoring....................................................................................................42 5.3.7 Message Tracing ..................................................................................................42

Chapter 6 Reliability...................................................................................................................44 6.1 About This Chapter .........................................................................................................44 6.2 System Reliability Design................................................................................................44 6.3 Hardware Reliability Design ............................................................................................45 6.4 Software Reliability Design..............................................................................................45

Chapter 7 Technical Specifications...........................................................................................47 7.1 About This Chapter .........................................................................................................47 7.2 Performance Specifications.............................................................................................47 7.3 Clock Specifications ........................................................................................................47 7.4 Reliability Specifications..................................................................................................48 7.5 Structure Specifications...................................................................................................48 7.6 Electrical Specifications...................................................................................................49

7.6.1 Power Consumption of a Single Subrack...............................................................49 7.6.2 Power Consumptions of Typical Configurations.....................................................49 7.6.3 Power Supply and EMC Specifications..................................................................49

7.7 Noise and Security Specifications....................................................................................50 7.8 Environment Requirements .............................................................................................50

7.8.1 Storage Environment ............................................................................................51 7.8.2 Transportation Environment ..................................................................................53 7.8.3 Operation Environment .........................................................................................56


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Chapter 8 Installation.................................................................................................................59 8.1 About This Chapter .........................................................................................................59 8.2 Hardware Installation ......................................................................................................59

8.2.1 Equipment Room Layout.......................................................................................59 8.2.2 Requirements on the Equipment Room.................................................................60

8.3 Software Installation........................................................................................................61

Appendix Acronyms and Abbreviations.................................................................................62


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Chapter 1 Introduction to BSC6000

HUAWEI BSC6000 is the next generation of M900/M1800 BSC V300R002. Its new hardware platform and software architecture have the following features:

l Enhance the system performance, capacity, and integrity l Support the evolution towards the GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) l Improve the serviceability, maintainability and testability of the BSC system.

The BSC6000 shares one hardware platform with the WCDMA Radio Network Controller (RNC). It enables the GSM network to co-locate in one network with the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) network.

Figure 1-1 shows the position of the BSC6000 in the GSM network.

SGSN

MSC

GGSN

HLR

Abis

Pb

BSC

MS BTS

BTS

PCU

Um

A

Gb

PDN

MS

Gs

BSC: Base Station Controller BTS: Base Transceiver Station GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node HLR: Home Location Register MSC: Mobile Switching Center PCU: Packet Control Unit PDN: Packet Data Network SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node

Figure 1-1 Position of the BSC6000 in the network

The BSC6000 has the following interfaces:

l Abis with the BTS l A interface with the MSC l Pb interface with the PCU l Gb interface with the SGSN

The BSC6000 plays an important role in the radio access and network optimization.



The main functions of the BSC6000 are:

l Radio resource management l BTS management l Power control l Handover control l Performance measurement



Chapter 2 Key Benefits

2.1 About This Chapter

In the design of the BSC6000, factors such as service, capacity, transmission, operation, and maintenance are all taken into account.

The BSC6000 has the following key benefits:

l Large Capacity and High Integration l Flexible Configuration l Comprehensive Functions l Advanced RRM Algorithms l Smooth Upgrade and Capacity Expansion l Compatibility with the Protocol Versions l Convenient Operation & maintenance l Carrier-Class Reliability Design

2.2 Large Capacity and High Integration

The BSC6000 has a large capacity and high integration. Table 2-1 shows the details.

Table 2-1 Capacity of the BSC6000

Specification Value

Maximum number of TRXs 2,048

Maximum traffic volume 12,000 Erlang

Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCA) 2,340,000

Maximum number of subscribers 600,000

2 (when the A interface uses E1 transmissions and no GTCS is included)

4 (when the A interface uses E1 transmissions and GTCSs are included and installed at the MSC side) Maximum number of cabinets

3 (when the A interface uses STM-1 transmissions, and GTCSs are included and installed at the MSC side)



& Note:

The GSM TransCoder Subrack (GTCS) can be configured in an independent cabinet. To save the transmission resources between the BSC and the MSC, the GTCS cabinet can be placed at the MSC side. The Ater interface is a BSC6000 internal interface. It is used for the communication between the GMPS/GEPS and the remote GTCS.

2.3 Flexible Configuration

The BSC6000 has the following characteristics in terms of flexible configuration.

l Multiple networking modes

The BSC6000 and the BTSs can use the star, chain, and tree networking modes.

l Service-oriented hardware configuration

The configuration for the Circuit Switched domain (CS) service and Packet Switched domain (PS) service is flexible. The system can be configured according to different requirements on voice and data services in different phases of network construction.

l Multiple clock sources

The selection of the synchronization clock is flexible. The clock sources can be obtained from:

- Building Integrated Timing Supply System (BITS)

- A interface

- Local oscillator

2.4 Comprehensive Functions

2.4.1 Overview

The BSC6000 provides basic and optional functions. The operators can choose to configure different functions according to the different requirements on the function and capacity in different network phases. This can protect the investment for the operators to most extent.



2.4.2 Basic Functions

Table 2-2 lists the basic functions of the BSC6000.

Table 2-2 Basic functions of the BSC6000

Number Function

1 Band Supporting

2 Service Provisioning

3 Mobility Management

4 Cell Selection

5 Call Control

6 Handover

7 Power Control

8 Measurement Report

9 Adjustment of Adaptive Timing Advance

10 Radio Resource Management

11 System Information

12 O&M Functions

13 LAPD Multiplexing at the Abis Interface

14 Reliability and Maintainability

15 A Interface Functions

16 Three-Digit MNC

17 STM-1

18 Message Tracing

19 Scan Cell Frequency

20 TCH Reassignment

2.4.3 Optional Functions

Table 2-3 lists the optional functions of the BSC6000.



Table 2-3 Optional functions of the BSC6000

Number Function

1 SDCCH Dynamic Adjustment

2 PDCH Dynamic Adjustment

3 Concentric Cell

4 Enhanced Full Rate

5 Half Rate

6 Ciphering

7 Cell Broadcasting Short Message Service

8 Frequency Hopping

9 TRX Mutual-Assistance

10 Cell Frequency Scan

11 Satellite Transmission

12 Extended Cell

13 GPRS

14 EGPRS

15 2G/3G Interoperability

16 Multi-band Networking

17 Semi-Permanent Connection

18 DTX and DRX

19 Extended Frequency Band

20 eMLPP

21 Network Assisted Cell Change

22 High Speed Signaling

23 Local Multiple Signaling Points

24 LCS

25 AMR

26 Speech Quality Enhancement

27 TFO

28 Coverage enhanced



2.5 Advanced RRM Algorithms

2.5.1 Overview

The BSC6000 adopts Huawei-patented Radio Resource Management (RRM) algorithms for power control, handover, and resource allocation. These algorithms ensure optimal effect in terms of network coverage, capacity, and quality.

2.5.2 Power Control

The BSC6000 adopts the Huawei-patented power control algorithm. This algorithm lowers the average transmit power of the BTS and MSs while keeps the transmission quality higher than the specified threshold. This can reduce the interference to other channels, and save the power consumption of MSs.

The power control can be more accurate and eliminate the hysteresis effect through the following functions of the HW_II power control algorithm:

l Measurement report prediction l Compensation l Overall power control judgment

2.5.3 Handover

The BSC6000 adopts the Huawei-patented handover algorithm. This algorithm can handle the handovers under any radio environment. It can effectively improve the network QoS.

The handover algorithm supports handovers such as hierarchical handover, load sharing handover, quick fall handover, power BudGeT (PBGT) handover, and concentric cell handover.

2.5.4 Radio Resource Allocation

The BSC6000 realizes flexible radio resource allocation.

According to the QoS requirement and the load of the current cell, the BSC6000 can allocate a full rate TCH or a half rate TCH for a service request. This improves the utilization of the radio channel bandwidth, and meets the communication requirements.

The BSC6000 allocates the optimum channel on the basis of the following analysis:

l Channel interference



l TRX priority l Channel historical occupation record l TRX load balance

This effectively improves the success rate of the radio channel allocation.

The BSC6000 supports dynamic conversion between TCH/F and TCH/H, and between PDCH and SDCCH according to users' requirements. This avoids the traffic loss due to the improper initial configuration.

2.6 Smooth Upgrade and Capacity Expansion

The BSC6000 has the following characteristics in terms of upgrade and capacity expansion.

l Smooth capacity expansion The BSC6000 adopts modular design. You can expand the capacity just by adding relevant modules. In this way, the investment can be saved to the most extent.

l Online capacity expansion To expand the system capacity, you can add service subracks or service processing boards. After you start a service processing board, it can automatically load programs according to the configuration data, and then start to provide services.

l Online patching The software of the BSC6000 can be patched while the current services are ongoing.

2.7 Compatibility with the Protocol Versions

The BSC6000 is developed based on the 3GPP GERAN R4 standard. It supports the evolution towards R5 and R6.

2.8 Convenient Operation & maintenance

The BSC6000 has the following features in terms of operation & maintenance (O&M):

l Friendly GUI The BSC6000 uses the Graphic User Interface (GUI), which facilitates the operations. The LMT integrates the O&M of the system, the data configuration, and the alarm management. It also supports multi-user operations. Flexible Network Parameter Configuration



At a time, you can configure one cell or multiple cells, one single parameter or multiple parameters.

l Performance measurement counter The BSC6000 provides various performance measurement counters for the upper network management system. The operators can use these counters to optimize the network and analyze the system performance. The performance measurement counters can be automatically generated and reported to the iManager 2000 (referred to as M2000 hereinafter), thus facilitating the performance management.

l Remote maintenance The BSC6000 supports remote maintenance by the Internet and Virtual Private Network (VPN).

l Online Help The BSC6000 provides the online help for the O&M GUI.

2.9 Carrier-Class Reliability Design

To improve hardware reliability, the BSC6000 uses the following measures:

l Active/Standby backup: interface units, service processing units, switching units and clock units

l TC resource pool l Faulty detection/isolation technologies

To implement the self-healing function upon software failure and improve the software reliability, the BSC6000 uses the following measures:

l Regular detection l Task monitoring l Storage protection l Resource check



Chapter 3 System Architecture


This chapter consists of the following sections:

l Hardware Structure l Logical Structure l Hardware Configuration

3.2 Hardware Structure

3.2.1 Cabinet Appearance

The BSC6000 uses Huawei N68-22 cabinets. The dimensions of a BSC6000 cabinet are 2200 mm (height) x 600 mm (width) x 800 mm (depth). The cabinet design conforms to the IEC60297 and IEEE standards.

Figure 3-1 shows the BSC6000 cabinet.



Figure 3-1 BSC6000 cabinet

3.2.2 Cabinet Configuration

The BSC6000 has two kinds of racks: GSM BSC Control processing Rack (GBCR) and GSM BSC Service processing Rack (GBSR).

I. GBCR

The GBCR performs service processing and O&M functions. It consists of:

l Two service subracks l One Keyboard, Video, and Mouse (KVM) l One LAN switch l One GSM Back Administration Module (GBAM)

Figure 3-2 shows the front view of the GBCR.



7

8

2

13

41

1

1

15

6

6

1

1

1

(1) Front panel (2) GBAM (3) Cabling subrack (4) LAN switch (5) KVM (6) Service subrack (7) Air defense subrack (8) Power distribution box

Figure 3-2 Front view of the GBCR

II. GBSR

A GBSR is configured based on the service capacity requirements. It has only service subracks. One GBSR can accommodate three service subracks.

Figure 3-3 shows the GBSR.



3

1

3

4

1

2

2

2

(1) Front panel (2) Service subrack (3) Air defense subrack (4) Power distribution box

Figure 3-3 Front view of the GBSR

3.2.3 GIMS

The Keyboard, Video And Mouse (KVM), LAN switch, and GSM Back Administration Module (GBAM) are called GSM Integrated Management System (GIMS). The functions of the GIMS are as follows:

l KVM The KVM is integrated equipment of a mouse, a keyboard, and a monitor. It serves for the GBAM.



l LAN switch The LAN switch provides 10 Mbit/s or 100 Mbit/s BASE-TX Ethernet port. The LMT accesses the GBAM through the LAN switch, and then the GBAM accesses the M2000 through the LAN switch.

l GBAM The GBAM is installed with OMU software. It is used for the operation and maintenance of the BSC6000.

3.2.4 Service Subrack

I. Hardware Architecture

The BSC6000 has three types of service subrack:

l GSM Main Processing Subrack (GMPS) l GSM Extended Processing Subrack (GETS) l GSM TransCoder Subrack (GTCS)

The width of the three types of subrack is 19-inch, as specified in IEC60297.

The height of the subracks is 12 U. The backplane is in the middle of the subrack, and boards are inserted from both the front and the rear of the cabinet, as shown in Figure 3-4.

1

3

2

00 13

2714

06

20

(1) Front board (2) Backplane (3) Back board

Figure 3-4 Internal layout of the BSC6000 subrack

Figure 3-4 shows the internal layout of a service subrack. The backplane separates the service subrack into a front subrack and a rear subrack. Both the front and rear



subracks provide 14 slots. The 28 slots are numbered 00–27 from the front to the rear. In the service subrack, the front subrack holds service boards, and the rear subrack holds interface boards for external connections.

Two neighboring even and odd slots, for example, slot 00 and slot 01, slot 02 and slot 03, work in active/standby mode. The boards working in active/standby mode occupy the active slot and standby slot.

& Note:

1 U = 44.45 mm = 1.75 inches.

II. GMPS

The GMPS processes services, and provides clock for the system. One BSC6000 is configured with one GMPS in the GBCR. Under full configuration, the GMPS can hold 512 TRXs.

Figure 3-5 shows the full configuration of the GMPS when the A interface uses E1 transmissions.

1300 01 02 03 07060504 08 09 10 1211

GXPUM

GXPUM

GGNU

GGNU

GTNU

GTNU

2714 15 16 17 21201918 22 23 24 2625

GEIUP

GEIUP

GEIUT

GEIUT

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

Rearboard

Frontboard

Backplane

GGCK

GGCK

GXPUC

GXPUC

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

Figure 3-5 Full configuration of the GMPS



III. GEPS

The GEPS processes services for the BSC. The BSC6000 is configured with 0–3 GEPSs in the GBCR or the GBSR. Compared with the GMPS, the GEPS is not configured with the GGCK. Under full configuration, the GEPS can support 512 TRXs.

Figure 3-6 shows the full configuration of the GEPS when the A interface uses E1 transmissions.

1300 01 02 03 07060504 08 09 10 1211

GXPUM

GXPUM

GGNU

GGNU

GTNU

GTNU

2714 15 16 17 21201918 22 23 24 2625

GEIUP

GEIUP

GEIUT

GEIUT

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

Rearboard

Frontboard

Backplane

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

GEIUB

Figure 3-6 Full configuration of the GEPS

IV. GTCS

The GTCS implements the transcoding, rate adaptation, and sub-multiplexing functions. The BSC6000 is configured with 1–4 GTCSs in the GBCR or the GBSR.

When the A interface uses using E1 transmissions, one GTCS can support a maximum of 3,840 speech channels. Figure 3-7 shows the full configuration of the GTCS.



1300 01 02 03 07060504 08 09 10 1211

GDSUC

GGNU

GGNU

GTNU

GTNU

2714 15 16 17 21201918 22 23 24 2625

GEIUT

GEIUT

GEIUA

GEIUA

GEIUA

GEIUA

GEIUA

GEIUA

Rearboard

Frontboard

Backplane

GEIUA

GEIUA

GDSUC

GDSUC

GDSUC

GDSUC

Figure 3-7 Full configuration of the GTCS (when the A interface uses E1 transmissions)

When the A interface uses STM-1 transmissions, one GTCS can support a maximum of 7,680 speech channels. Figure 3-8 shows the full configuration of the GTCS.

1300 01 02 03 07060504 08 09 10 1211

GDSUC

GGNU

GGNU

GTNU

GTNU

2714 15 16 17 21201918 22 23 24 2625

GEIUT

GEIUT

GOIUA

GOIUA

GOIUA

GOIUA

GOIUA

GOIUA

Rearboard

Frontboard

Backplane

GOIUA

GOIUA

GDSUC

GDSUC

GDSUC

GEIUT

GEIUT

GDSUC

GDSUC

GDSUC

GDSUC

GDSUC

Figure 3-8 Full configuration of the GTCS (when the A interface uses STM-1 transmissions)

3.2.5 Board

Table 3-1 lists the boards of the BSC6000.



Table 3-1 Boards of the BSC6000

Board Full Name

GGCK GSM General ClocK unit

GGNU GSM GE switching Network Unit

GTNU GSM TDM switching Network Unit

GXPUM GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Main service

GXPUC GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Cell broadcast service

GEIUB GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aBis

GEIUP GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb

GEIUT GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aTer

GEIUA GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A

GOIUB GSM Optic Interface Unit for aBis

GOIUP GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb

GOIUT GSM Optic Interface Unit for aTer

GOIUA GSM Optic Interface Unit for A

GDSUC GSM Data proceSsing Unit for CS service

All the boards in the BSC6000 are hot swappable. The GDSUC uses N+1 backup mode. The other boards use 1+1 backup mode.

3.3 Logical Structure

The BSC6000 can logically be divided into:

l TDM switching subsystem l GE switching subsystem l Service processing subsystem l Service control subsystem l Interface and signaling processing subsystem l Clock subsystem

Figure 3-9 shows the logical structure of the BSC6000.



TDM switching subsystem

GE switching subsystem

Clock subsystem

Servicecontrol

subsystem

Serviceprocessingsubsystem

Interfaceand

signalingprocessingsubsystem

E1/STM-1 to BTS

E1/STM-1 to MSC

E1/STM-1 to PCU

Cascadingconnection

between subracks

Cascadingconnection

between subracks

Figure 3-9 Logical structure of the BSC6000 system

Table 3-2 describes the function of each subsystem in the BSC6000.

Table 3-2 BSC6000 function description

Subsystem Function Description

TDM switching subsystem

Implements the TDM timeslot switching and interconnection between the service boards and between the subracks.

GE switching subsystem

Implements the switching and interconnection of the PS data and the signaling between service boards and between subracks, including the backboard, switching network and system interconnection unit.

Service processing subsystem

Implements radio frame protocol processing and voice service processing.

Service control subsystem

Implements the signaling processing, call processing and resource management.

Interface and signaling processing subsystem

l Provides external physical interface (such as A and Abis interfaces).

l Implements the TDM service access. l Terminates the link layer. l Implements the processing function of the transmission

layer.

Clock subsystem l Implements the system clock function. l Integrates stratum 3 clock. It implements the system

internal clock distribution function.



3.4 Hardware Configuration

A BSC6000 is configured with one GBCR and 0–3 GBSRs according to the actual service capacity requirements and the GTCS configuration mode.

3.4.1 Minimum Configuration

When the GTCS is installed together with all the other subracks, the minimum configuration of the BSC6000 requires only one cabinet, as shown in Figure 3-10.

Cabinet 1

GTCS

GMPS

GIMS

Figure 3-10 BSC6000 minimum configuration (with the GTCS and all the other subracks in one cabinet)

When the GTCS is installed at the MSC side, the minimum configuration of the BSC6000 requires two cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-11.



Cabinet 1

GMPS

GIMS

Cabinet 2

GTCS

Figure 3-11 Minimum configuration of the BSC6000 (with the GTCS at the MSC side)

3.4.2 Maximum Configuration

For the BSC6000, the maximum configuration is achieved through the capacity expansion from its minimum configuration. You can add GBSRs to expand the service capacity. Under the maximum configuration, the BSC6000 can hold 2,048 TRXs, equivalent to 15,360 speech channels.

I. Maximum Configuration with E1 Transmissions on the A Interface

When the A interface uses E1 transmissions, the BSC6000 can be configured with only one GMPS, three GEPSs, and four GTCSs.

When the GTCSs are installed together with the other subracks, the maximum configuration of the BSC6000 requires three cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-12.



Cabinet 1

GEPS

GMPS

GIMS

Cabinet 2

GTCS

GEPS

GEPS

Cabinet 3

GTCS

GTCS

GTCS

Figure 3-12 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCS installed together with all the other subracks)

Whether the GTCSs are installed at the MSC side, the maximum configuration of the BSC6000 requires four cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-13.

Cabinet 1

GEPS

GMPS

GIMS

Cabinet 2

GEPS

GEPS

Cabinet 3

GTCS

GTCS

GTCS

Cabinet 4

GTCS

Figure 3-13 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCSs at the MSC side)

II. Maximum Configuration with STM-1 Transmissions on the A Interface

When the A interface uses STM-1 transmissions, the BSC6000 can be configured with one GMPS, three GEPSs, and two GTCSs.

When the GTCSs are installed together with the other subracks, the maximum configuration of the BSC6000 requires four cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-14.



Cabinet 1

GEPS

GMPS

GIMS

Cabinet 2

GTCS

GEPS

GEPS

Cabinet 3

GTCS

Figure 3-14 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCSs installed together with all the other subracks)

Whether the GTCSs are installed at the MSC side, the maximum configuration of the BSC6000 requires three cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-15.

Cabinet 1

GEPS

GMPS

GIMS

Cabinet 2

GEPS

GEPS

Cabinet 3

GTCS

GTCS

Figure 3-15 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCSs at the MSC side)

3.4.3 Typical Configuration

The typical configuration of the BSC6000 is shown in Table 3-3. The operators can choose a proper configuration according to the actual requirements.



Table 3-3 BSC6000 typical configuration

Configuration Number of Cabinets

Number of Full-Rate TRXs

Remarks

1xGMPS+1xGTCS+GIMS 1 512 The Abis and Ater interfaces use E1 or STM-1 transmissions.

The A interface uses E1 transmissions.

1xGMPS+1xGTCS+GIMS 1 512 The Abis and Ater interfaces use E1 or STM-1 transmissions.

The A interface uses STM-1 transmissions.

1xGMPS+1xGEPS+GIMS +2xGTCS

2 1,024 The Abis and Ater interfaces use E1 or STM-1 transmissions.













Chapter 4 Functions


The BSC6000 complies with the 3GPP R4 specifications. Functions that the BSC6000 provides are as follows:

l Basic Functions l Optional Functions

4.2 Basic Functions

4.2.1 Band Supporting

The BSC6000 supports the 850 MHz, 900 MHz , 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz frequencies specified in the ETSI GSM specifications.

4.2.2 Service Provisioning

The BSC6000 supports the teleservice and the circuit data bearer service.

The teleservice includes:

l Telephone service l Emergency call service l Point-to-point short message service l G3 fax

The circuit data bearer service includes:

l 9.6 kbit/s transparent or nontransparent data service l 4.8 kbit/s transparent or nontransparent data service l 2.4 kbit/s transparent or nontransparent data service)

4.2.3 Mobility Management

The mobility management includes the location updating, International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) attach and detach, paging, and authentication.



4.2.4 Cell Selection

The BSC6000 supports the cell selection and reselection.

4.2.5 Call Control

The BSC6000 supports call control, immediate assignment and assignment, and call reestablishment.

4.2.6 Handover

As a way of radio link control, a handover enables conversations through different cells. A handover can adjust the traffic volume of a cell to optimize the overall performance of the system.

Handover algorithms consist of:

l Basic handover algorithm l Power BudGeT (PBGT) handover algorithm l Signal level rapid dropping handover algorithm l Load handover algorithm l Layered and hierarchical handover algorithm l Speed-sensitive handover algorithm l Directed retry algorithm l SDCCH handover algorithm

These algorithms can improve the quality of customer services and that of the network, and lower call drops during handovers.

4.2.7 Power Control

The BSC6000 supports static power control, dynamic power control, and enhanced power control algorithm.

4.2.8 Measurement Report

The BSC6000 supports the processing and preprocessing of measurement report (MR).

4.2.9 Adjustment of Adaptive Timing Advance

The BSC6000 supports the adjustment of the adaptive timing advance. This function ensures the radio signaling arrive at the BTS on time without mistake.



4.2.10 Radio Resource Management

The BSC6000 supports the TRX management, radio link management, radio common channel management, radio dedicated channel management, and enhanced channel assignment algorithm.

4.2.11 System Information

The system information includes the primary parameters of the radio network on the Um interface. These primary parameters include network identification parameters, cell selection parameters, system control parameters, and network function parameters.

By receiving the system information, the MS can correctly access and select the network, and make full use of all kinds of services the network provides.

4.2.12 O&M Functions

For details, see section 5.3 “O&M Function."

4.2.13 LAPD Multiplexing on the Abis Interface

In the BSC6000 system, the Abis interface board supports N:1 multiplexing mode that is specified for the RSL and OML signaling channels. The speech channel uses an exclusive mode. In this mode, a full-rate speech channels uses 16 kbit/s and that a half-rate speech channel uses 8 kbit/s.

4.2.14 Reliability and Maintainability

For details, see Chapter 6 "Reliability."

4.2.15 A Interface Functions

The BSC6000 implements the following function on the A interface.

l Ater interface 4:1 multiplexing

The BSC6000 supports 4:1 multiplexing on the Ater interface, that is, through the Ater interface board, four timeslots on E1 of the A interface can be multiplexed to one timeslot on the Ater interface.

l 14-digit signaling point code



The BSC6000 connects to the MSC through the SS7 signaling system. The SS7 signaling system uses 14-bit signaling point code and 24-bit signaling point code.

l Circuit management

The BSC6000 supports circuit management on the A interface. This management consists of:

- Assigning circuit on the A interface

- Blocking the circuit

- Unblocking the circuit

- Group blocking the circuit

- Group unblocking the circuit

- Providing maintenance and control over the single circuit or the PCM circuit group of the GEIUA and GDPUC

l A interface protocol process

The BSC6000 processes the A interface-based signaling and protocol, including connectionless and connection-oriented SCCP.

l A Interface Occupation Rate Monitoring

This function is used to monitor the occupation rate and usage status of the circuit on the A interface and the TC resources by performance measurement.

4.2.16 Supporting Three-Digit MNC

All the cells under the BSC6000 support both 2-digit and 3-digit MNC. The operators can choose one according to the network planning.

4.2.17 STM-1

The BSC6000 supports the STM-1 optical transmission on the A, Ater, Abis, and Pb interfaces. This function can reduce the cabling and lower the maintenance workload for the operators. The use of optical interface on the A interface can improve the integration level of the GTCS.

4.2.18 Message Tracing

BSC6000 performs message tracing and user tracing on the following interfaces:

l A interface l Abis interface



l Um interface l Pb interface l BSC-CBC interface

The message tracing can help locate problems and improve the maintenance efficiency.

4.2.19 Cell Frequency Scan

Cell frequency scan is used to detect the uplink and downlink receive power levels at all frequencies in a specific frequency band. The scan provides frequency reference for configuration engineers; thus improving the accuracy in frequency configuration.

4.2.20 TCH Reassignment

When a TCH assignment fails, the reassignment is performed to effectively improve the success rate of the assignment procedure, thus improving the success rate of access.

4.3 Optional Functions

4.3.1 SDCCH Dynamic Adjustment

If users in a cell increase in a short time, many users fail to access the network because of insufficient SDCCHs. In this situation, the SDCCH dynamic adjustment function can convert the TCH into SDCCH dynamically to enable more users to access the network.

4.3.2 PDCH Dynamic Adjustment

The function can effectively improve the channel usage, reduce the maintenance and configuration task, and increase the revenue of the operators.

The circuit service has the higher priority to obtain the channel than the packet service. The PCU releases the dynamic PDCH when there are too many idle PDCHs.

4.3.3 Concentric Cell

The concentric cell technology divides an ordinary cell into two service layers: overlaid subcell and underlaid subcell.



For the MSs in the underlaid subcell, try to distribute the less-reused frequency, such as the BCCH frequency.

For the MSs in the overlaid subcell, try to distribute the more-reused frequency, such as the frequencies other than the BCCH frequency.

The system capacity can be improved by using the more-reused frequency in the overlaid subcell.

4.3.4 Enhanced Full Rate

The Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) can provide better speech quality. It can improve the speech quality when the full rate is used on the air interface.

4.3.5 Half Rate

I. Half Rate

With the increase of the subscribers, the frequency resources of the current GSM network become more and more insufficient. The half rate function can improve the capacity of the current network without any hardware investment.

To enable the half rate function, the Transcoder & Rate Adaptation Unit (TRAU) needs to support the half rate coding. Huawei TRAU supports all series of voice coding. It can dynamically assign various voice coding resources according to the service assignment situation.

II. Dynamical Adjustment of Full Rate-Half Rate

When the BSS is configured with half rate function and the dynamical adjustment of full rate-half rate function is enabled, the half rate and the full rate can be converted to each other dynamically. The system can automatically adjust the ratio between full rate and half rate channel.

With the dynamical adjustment between the full rate channel and half rate channel, the following situation can be avoided: some channels are congested while others are idle because of the fixed configuration of channels.

You can also adjust the ratio between full rate and half rate channel for the whole network by setting relevant parameters.



4.3.6 Ciphering

The BSC6000 uses the A5/1 and A5/2 ciphering algorithms. All the voice information and signaling information transmitted in the air interface are ciphered by the A5/1 and A5/2 ciphering algorithms to ensure the security of the network.

4.3.7 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast

The Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB) is a teleservice (TS23) that can periodically broadcast messages to all the MSs in a specified area. The MSs can receive the broadcast messages continuously or discontinuously according to the system configuration. The typical application of this function is to provide the weather information and traffic information.

4.3.8 Frequency Hopping

The frequency hopping (FH) means that the carrier containing meaningful information hops under the control of a sequence. This sequence is called frequency-hopping sequence (HSN). According to time domain, the FH mode can be divided into frame FH and timeslot FH. According to carrier mode, it can be divided into RF FH and base band FH.

Huawei BSC6000 realizes the baseband FH and RF FH at the timeslot level, and the baseband FH and RF FH at the frame level.

4.3.9 TRX Mutual-Assistance

With the TRX Mutual-assistance function, a cell can automatically handle the BCCH TRX failure or baseband FH TRX failure. Thus, the cell services are not affected before the faulty TRX is replaced.

The TRX mutual-assistance consists of BCCH TRX assistance and baseband FH TRX assistance.

4.3.10 Cell Frequency Scan

This function uses the idle TCH to test uplink receiving level of all the frequencies of the specified frequency band. The result can be used for the engineers to choose a proper working frequency.



4.3.11 Satellite Transmission

The BSC6000 supports satellite transmissions on the Abis, A, Ater, and Pb interfaces. The satellite transmissions enable the network deployment in the area where regular land transmissions are not allowed.

4.3.12 Extended Cell

The extended cell breaks the restriction of 35 km coverage radius. Supported by BTS hardware, a cell can cover an area with a radius of up to 120 km.

4.3.13 GPRS

The BSC6000 supports GPRS services. It connects to the PCU through the Pb interface. With open system architecture, the Huawei GPRS system supports smooth capacity expansion. The standard interfaces ensure good compatibility of the equipment.

Huawei GPRS supports QoS and dynamic allocation of radio resources. At the same time, the flexible networking and configuration can save large amount of investment cost for the operators. Huawei GPRS provides rich packet services, such as,

l Mobile Internet access l E-commerce, including e-bank and e-currency l Group management l Remote control and test

4.3.14 EGPRS

The Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS) is the enhanced version of the GPRS. The EGPRS adopts the latest MCS-1–MSC-9 coding, and introduces the 8PSK modulation to the RF layer. The theoretical maximum transmission rate of the EGPRS is 473.6 kbit/s.

4.3.15 2G/3G Interoperability

The 2G/3G interoperability function enables the 3G subscribers to roam to the 2G network. This can solve the insufficient coverage problem in the early period of the 3G network. At the same time, the 2G can also smoothly evolve to the 3G, which can protect the operator's investment on 2G.



4.3.16 Multi-Band Networking

The BSC6000 supports the single BSC dual band network and the 900M/1800M hybrid cell.

l Single BSC Dual band network The BSC6000 supports dual band network. The dual band network is the combination of GSM900 network and GSM1800 network. In a dual band network, the GSM dual band MS can choose between 900M frequency and 1800M frequency to make the call. Each cell in the dual band network can use only one frequency. Dual band network allows the cell reselection, allocation and handover between 900M cells and M1800 cells.

l 900M/1800M hybrid cell The BSC6000 supports 900M/1800M hybrid cells. The 900M/1800M hybrid cell means the 900M and 1800M frequencies lie in the same cell. The biggest advantage of 900M/1800M hybrid cells is that the vice frequency band and the main frequency band are the same. The vice frequency band is the extension of the main frequency band. It solves the cell reselection and the handover problem of other networking mode.

4.3.17 Semi-Permanent Connection

With the semi-permanent connection, the operators can transmit the information such as the BTS AV power supply alarm, maintenance information and other information. Semi-permanent connection can avoid the reconfiguration of IP address, and thus facilitate the maintenance and networking.

4.3.18 DTX and DRX

Discontinuous transmission (DTX) can reduce the transmit power of BTS and MS, and thus reduce the co-channel disturbance in the radio interface and the sensitivity of the GSM voice signal to the error in the radio interface.

Discontinuous reception (DRX) means that the MS monitors the messages in the specified timeslots according to the system configuration. This reduces the power consumption of the MS and improves the standby time of MS.

4.3.19 Extended Frequency Band

When licensed, the BSC6000 can support the E-GSM and R-GSM frequency bands. Table 4-1 lists the extended bands.



Table 4-1 E-GSM/R-GSM bands

Band Uplink Frequency Range Downlink Frequency

Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x n 0 ñ n ñ 124 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45 E-GSM 900

Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x (n–1024) 975 ñ n ñ 1 023 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45

Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x n 0 ñ n ñ 124 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45 R-GSM 900

Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x (n–1024) 955 ñ n ñ 1023 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45

4.3.20 eMLPP

The Enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption (eMLPP) function allows a user to initiate calls with different priorities. The network side takes different channel assignment strategies for the users according to their priorities. If the network is congested, the call with higher priority is served preferably.

The eMLPP needs the support of the MSs.

4.3.21 Network-Assisted Cell Change

BSC6000 performs the Network Assisted Cell Change (NACC) function. This function helps the cell reselection of an MS in packet transmission mode. It can reduce the data transmission disruption time during a cell reselection.

4.3.22 High Speed Signaling

The high speed signaling refers to a 2 Mbit/s E1 link used as the bearer of the SS7 signaling between the BSC and the core network.

The high speed signaling breaks the limitation of sixteen 64 kbit/s signaling links between signaling points. It has the following features:

l Achieves the smooth increase of signaling bandwidth l Simplifies the networking between the BSC and the core network l Reduces the configuration and maintenance workload.

4.3.23 Local Multiple Signaling Points

The Local multiple Signaling Points is a networking mode in which multiple signaling points are in the BSC side and only one target signaling point is in the MSC.

The BSC6000 local multiple signaling points is a logic concept. One physical node has multiple logical signaling points. These points are independent of each other.



Each of the multiple signaling points implements the same function of an independent signaling point. The local multiple signaling points breaks the limitation of 16 signaling links of A interface and further improves the capacity of BSC.

4.3.24 LCS

The Location Services (LCS) is a series of services used to locate the positions of users in a certain location area, such as the location of an emergency call or position information of users for value-added services.

The BSC6000 supports two types of location services:

l NSS-based Cell ID+TA location service of the serving mobile location center (SMLC)

l BSS-based Cell ID+TA location service of mobile stations

The location precision of this scheme is about 500 meters.

4.3.25 Adaptive Multi Rate

The Adaptive Multi Rate (Adaptive Multi Rate) is a set of multiple voice coding/decoding algorithms. It enables the BTS and the MS to auto select the coding/decoding algorithm according to the actual radio environment to adjust the coding rate. Different algorithms generate different rates of voice code stream, which further improves the speech quality of the call.

4.3.26 Speech Quality Enhancement

The BSC6000 provides the following speech quality enhancement functions:

l Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC) l Automatic Level Control (ALC)

4.3.27 TFO

The BSC6000 performs the Tandem Free Operation (TFO) function. when the calling and called parties use one voice coding scheme, the voice signals are encoded only once at the originating MS and decoded only once at the terminating MS. This reduces repeated encoding and decoding and improves the quality of speech services.



4.3.28 Coverage enhanced

The BSC6000 supports the double-transceiver BTSs, such as the BTS3012, BTS3012AE, and BTS3006C. The BTS can implements the Power Boost Technology (PBT), transmit diversity, and 4-way receive diversity.



Chapter 5 O&M



l O&M Topology l O&M Function

5.2 O&M Topology

Figure 5-1 shows the O&M system of the BSC6000. The O&M system consists of a GBAM, an LMT, and an integrated network management system M2000.

Host BAM

LMT

M2000

LMT

BSC6000

Alarm box

LAN switch

Figure 5-1 O&M system of the BSC6000

& Note:

The alarm box in Figure 5-1 can connect to the GBAM or M2000 Server.



The GBAM is a bridge between the O&M system and the host. The GBAM implements the following functions:

l Controlling communication between the O&M system and the host, configuring data, collecting performance and alarm data.

l Responding to and processing commands sent from the O&M system, and forwarding these commands to the host for further processing.

l Filtering the processing results returned from the host, and sending the results to the O&M system for display.

& Note:

The service subracks (GMPS, GEPS, and GTCS) of the BSC6000 are called host. The O&M system consists of an LMT and an M2000 Client.

5.2.1 LMT

The Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) is the O&M terminal on the NE side. It can access the BSC6000 through a remote dialing.

The LMT provides GUI interface. It provides the following functions for the BSC6000:

l Security management l Configuration management l Maintenance management l Software management l Equipment management l Performance result offline browsing l Alarm management

5.2.2 iManager M2000

The iManager M2000 (M2000 for short) is a centralized O&M system developed by Huawei for the mobile communication network. You can centralize the management on the mobile communication network through the M2000.

As shown in Figure 5-2, the M2000 includes two parts: server and client.

It provides centralized configuration, alarm management, performance management of the NEs in a mobile communication network. It provides types of northbound interfaces for connections to the network management system (NMS).



Topologymanagement

Configurationmanagement

Networkmanagement

interfacePerformancemanagement Report system

Softwaremanagement

Faultmanagement

Securitymanagement GUI

CORBA software bus

Accessadaptation

NEs

NMS

Northbound interface

MML interface /SNMP

Optional

ClientServer

Figure 5-2 M2000 system structure

5.3 O&M Function

The O&M function of the BSC6000 implements the following tasks.

l Security Management l Configuration Management l Maintenance Management l Software Management l Performance Management l Fault Management l State Monitoring l Message Tracing

5.3.1 Security Management

The security management of the BSC6000 provides the following functions:

l Authority control The system categorizes the users. Different category of users has different authority. In addition, the user ID verification, and the operation time restriction are also used to ensure the security of the system.

l Terminal lock You can lock the terminal manually. If no operation is implemented for a certain time period, the terminal is locked automatically to prevent operations from illegal users.



l Configuration Management

The BSC6000 provides the following configuration management functions:

I. Online and Offline Data Configuration

The LMT supports the offline and online data configuration. The configuration is object-oriented. The online configuration operation and the offline configuration operation are the same.

l In offline configuration mode, the configuration data is saved as a file in the LMT. You can upload the configuration file to the GBAM and then inform the BAM to load data at any time.

l In the online configuration mode, the configuration data is sent to the host through the GBAM directly.

II. User Right Management

The user rights are divided into five levels. The user right control mechanism includes user identification verification, user right setting, and operation time restriction.

III. Data Backup and Restoration

The BSC6000 can store the data in form of database file, binary file, or Extensible Markup Language (XML) file.

IV. Data Consistency and Validity Check

The BSC6000 checks the data between the GBAM and the host for consistency. The data can be synchronized manually if inconsistent.

The BSC6000 also checks the validity of the data, for example, check the data validity of a cell.

V. Configuration Browsing

You can browse the configuration data based on object.

5.3.2 Maintenance Management

The LMT maintenance management provides the following functions:

I. BSC Maintenance

The BSC maintenance consists of the system-level maintenance, subrack-level maintenance, board-level maintenance, and the maintenance of the BSC interfaces.



II. BTS Maintenance

The BTS maintenance consists of board maintenance, site maintenance, cell maintenance, TRX maintenance, and channel maintenance.

5.3.3 Software Management

The software management function includes:

l Querying the version of the software in real time. l Downloading, loading, and activating the BSC software, BTS software, software

patches, License, and BOOTROM.

5.3.4 Performance Management

This function implements the management, querying, and printing of the performance measurement tasks.

The BSC6000 provides the following performance management objects:

l SCCP subsystem measurement l SCCP destination signaling point measurement l SCCP original signaling point measurement l MTP3 link measurement l MTP3 link set measurement l MTP3 destination signaling point measurement l LAPD link measurement l Site measurement l Performance measurement for the resources in the BM l PCU measurement l BSC measurement l Cell measurement l TRX measurement l GSM cell–GSM cell measurement l Neighboring cell measurement

The BSC6000 can store the performance measurement results of the last 15 days.

5.3.5 Fault Management

The BSC6000 provides the following fault management functions.



I. Alarm Information Processing

You can browse the real-time alarm information, query the history alarm information, and store the alarm information. In addition, the online helps gives detailed handling suggestion for each alarm.

The BSC6000 can store 100, 000 pieces of history alarm information generated in the latest 90 days.

II. Alarm Mask

The BSC6000 can mask the alarm according to the alarm ID.

III. Repetitive Alarm Filtering

The BSC6000 can filter the repetitive fault alarm, recovery alarm, and event alarm.

IV. Alarm Alert

When a fault alarm occurs, the system can notify the operators by:

l Email l Icon flash l Phone l Short message l Terminal sound l Audible and visual indication of alarm box

5.3.6 State Monitoring

The BSC6000 provides real-time state monitoring function. It can monitor the CPU usage, DSP usage, E1/T1 Bit Error Rate (BER), channel state, and channel interference band. You can save the monitored information as files and use them for future reference.

5.3.7 Message Tracing

The BSC6000 provides various message tracing functions. These functions are integrated into the LMT. The integration greatly facilitates the use of these functions and the fault locating.

The message tracing function consists of:

l A interface message tracing l Um interface message tracing



l Pb interface message tracing l BSC-CBC interface message tracing l Single user tracing

The traced messages can be saved to a file, and the file can be loaded for review purpose.



Chapter 6 Reliability



l System Reliability Design l Hardware Reliability Design l Software Reliability Design

6.2 System Reliability Design

The following measures are taken in the reliability design of the BSC6000:

l Full interconnection model The service plane of the BSC6000 system adopts inter-subrack full interconnection to enhance system reliability and increase interconnection bandwidth. In this interconnection mode, the failure of a subrack does not affect the connections between other subracks. This ensures that a call access from any carrier channel can be switched to any Circuit Identification Code (CIC) circuit on the A interface.

l Distributed resource management The BSC6000 adopts distributed management on the resources of subracks. In this management mode, the failure of a subrack does not affect the services of other subracks.

l TC resource pool The TC processing unit is not bound with the CIC circuits on the A interface. The configuration of redundant TC processing resource can improve the system reliability. The failure on a TC processing unit or a TC processing board does not change the status of the CIC circuit on the A interface, and the services are not affected.

l Service/Signaling overload control The BSC6000 supports dynamic service/signaling overload control. This ensures the maximum call processing capability when the system is overloaded.

l Dual –48V power supply The two independent –48V power supplies operate simultaneously to ensure the normal operation of the system in case that either fails. The faulty power supply can be repaired without power interruption. This improves the reliability and availability of the power supply system.



6.3 Hardware Reliability Design

The BSC6000 uses the reliability design such as active/standby boards, resource pool, and redundancy configuration. In addition, it optimizes the fault detection and fault isolation to improve the reliability and maintainability. The hardware reliability design of the BSC6000 includes the following aspects:

l The system control is hierarchical distributed group control. Multiple CPUs form a processing group with distinct functions of each module. Backup design or anti-suspension/breakdown design is considered for the communication channels between modules.

l The important functional modules uses redundancy backup. This backup mode provides high error tolerance.

l The isolation mechanism ensures service processing by transferring the services on the entity out of service to another entity.

l With advanced integrated circuits such as ASIC, the system features high integration, good technology and high reliability.

l The high-speed IP port supports Port Trunking. With this design, the chain switchover is avoided, the reliability is improved, the bandwidth is extended, and the load is balanced. In addition, the related hardware can detect the faults automatically and respond to the faults quickly. This shortens the time of fault recovery.

l Important data is stored in the non-volatile memory. The data is backed up in the GBAM and Front Administration Module (FAM).

l The components pass aging test and rigorous selection. Rigorous quality control is applied to hardware assembling to guarantee high stability and high reliability for long-term operation.

6.4 Software Reliability Design

The reliability of the software is ensured by the great error tolerance. The error tolerance of the software system means that software failure does not lead to system breakdown, that is, the system has the self-healing capability. The error tolerance of the BSC6000 covers the following aspects:

l Regular check on key resources The system checks the resource occupation of software. If resource hang-up occurs because of improper running of the software, the check mechanism ensures the release of the hung-up resource and the generation of the related logs and alarms.

l Task monitoring The monitoring process monitors the task running, handles all software internal errors and some hardware errors, and reports the errors.



l Data check The system checks data consistency on a regular or event-driven basis, restores the data consistency selectively or preferably and generates the related log and alarm.

l Operation Log All the operations are recorded in the operation log. The operation log can be used to locate the fault or error.

l Flow control The BSC6000 controls internal and interface flows. When the system load reaches the specified threshold, the BSC6000 takes various measures to lower the system load, thus avoiding the system overload caused by heavy traffic.



Chapter 7 Technical Specifications



l Performance Specifications l Clock Specifications l Reliability Specifications l Structure Specifications l Electrical Specifications l Noise and Security Specifications l Environment Requirement

7.2 Performance Specifications

Table 7-1 lists the performance specifications of the BSC6000.

Table 7-1 Performance specifications of the BSC6000

Configuration Specification Value

BHCA 585,000

Traffic 3,000 Erl

Minimum configuration

Maximum number of TRXs 512

BHCA 2,340,000

Traffic 12,000 Erl

Full configuration

Maximum number of TRXs 2,048

7.3 Clock Specifications

Table 7-2 lists the clock specifications of the BSC6000.

Table 7-2 Clock specifications of the BSC6000

Specification Value

Clock precision ±4.6%10-6



Specification Value

Pull-in range ±4.6%10-6

Maximum frequency deviation 2%10-8/day

Initial maximum frequency deviation 1%10-8

7.4 Reliability Specifications

Table 7-3 lists the reliability specifications of the BSC6000.

Table 7-3 Reliability specifications of the BSC6000

Specification Value

System availability under typical configuration ≥ 99.999%

MTBF ≥ 100000 hours

Active/standby board switchover success rate ≥ 99%

MTTR ≤ 1 hour

Entire equipment yearly repair rate < 1.0%

7.5 Structure Specifications

Table 7-4 lists the structure specifications of the BSC6000.

Table 7-4 Structure specifications of the BSC6000

Specification Value

Cabinet standard IEC60297 standard and IEEE standard

Cabinet outline dimensions 2200 mm x 600 mm x 800 mm (height x width x depth)

Available cabinet space height 46 U

Weight of the GBCR Empty cabinet ≤ 150 kg

Cabinet under full configuration ≤ 350 kg

Weight of the GBSR Empty cabinet ≤ 150 kg

Cabinet under full configuration ≤ 350 kg

Ground bearing of equipment room ú 450 kg/m2



7.6 Electrical Specifications

7.6.1 Power Consumption of a Single Subrack

Table 7-5 lists the power consumption of a single BSC6000 subrack.

Table 7-5 Power consumption of a single BSC6000 subrack

Subrack (Full Configuration)

Typical Power (W)

Maximum Power (W)

Power Distribution Power (W)

GMPS 820 1,080 1,200

GEPS 780 890 1,200

GTCS (A interface in E1 mode)

850 920 1,200

GTCS (A interface in STM-1 mode)

1,070 1,150 1,200

GIMS 250 350 1,200

7.6.2 Power Consumptions of Typical Configurations

Table 7-6 lists the power consumption of the BSC6000 under typical configurations

Table 7-6 Power consumptions of the BSC6000 under typical configurations

Configuration Power (GTCS not Included)

Power(GTCS Included, A Interface

in E1 Mode)

Power (GTCS Included, A

Interface in STM-1 Mode)

256 TRXs 990 W 1,640 W 1,570 W

512 TRXs 1,100 W 1,980 W 1,830 W

1024 TRXs 1,800 W 3,610 W 2,970 W

2048 TRXs 3,480 W 6,920 W 5,620 W

7.6.3 Power Supply and EMC Specifications

Table 7-7 lists the electrical specifications of the BSC6000.



Table 7-7 Electrical specifications of the BSC6000

Specification Value

Power supply –48 VDC

Input voltage range: –57 V to –40V

EMC Value as required in ETSI EN 300 386 V1.3.2 (2003-05)

7.7 Noise and Security Specifications

Table 7-8 lists the noise and security specifications of the BSC6000.

Table 7-8 Noise and security specifications of the BSC6000

Specification Value

< 7.2 bels (sound power level), meeting the requirement in ETS 300 753 / ISO 7779

Noise < 65 dBA (sound pressure level), meeting the requirement in GR-63-Core/ANSI S1.4-1983

Security

Value as required in

l UL 60950 l EN60950 l IEC60825 l GB4943-2000

7.8 Environment Requirements

The BSC6000 complies with the requirements of the following standards in the aspects of storage environment, transportation environment, and operation environment.

l GB 2423.1-1989 l GB 2423.2-1989 l GB 2423.4-1993 l GB 2423.22-1987 l GB/T 13543 l ETS 300 019 l NEBS GR-63-core



7.8.1 Storage Environment

The following lists the climate, waterproof, biological, air cleanness, and mechanical stress requirements for the equipment storage.

I. Climate Requirements

Table 7-9 lists the climate requirements for equipment storage.

Table 7-9 Climate requirements for equipment storage

Item Value Range

Altitude ≤ 5,000 m

Air pressure 70 kPa to 106 kPa

Temperature –40°C to +70°C

Temperature change rate ≤ 1oC/min

Relative humidity 10% to 100%

Solar radiation ≤ 1,120 W/s²

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/s²

Wind speed ≤ 30 m/s

Caution:

The ambient temperature of the KVM is –40°C to +60°C.

II. Waterproof Requirements

Avoid outdoor storage.

In the storage room:

l There must be no water on the ground. l There must be no water leakage over the equipment. l The equipment must be kept away from the auto fire-protection devices and the

air-conditioner.

If the equipment has to be placed outdoor, make sure that:

l The package is intact. l The package is shielded from the rain.



l There is no water on the ground. l The package is shielded from direct sunlight.

III. Biological Requirements

No fungus or mildew may grow.

There are no rodent animals such as rats.

IV. Air Cleanness

The air is free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive or corrosive dust.

Table 7-10 lists the requirements for the density of physically active materials.

Table 7-10 Storage requirements for physically active materials

Physically Active Material Unit Density

Suspending dust mg/m³ ≤ 5.00

Falling dust mg/m²·h ≤ 20.0

Sand mg/m³ ≤ 300

Note: l Suspending dust, Diameter ≤ 75 µm l Falling dust, 75 µm ≤ Diameter ≤ 150 µm l Sand, 150 µm ≤ Diameter ≤ 1,000 µm

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in Table 7-11.

Table 7-11 Storage requirements for chemically active materials

Chemically Active Material Unit Density

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01




O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05

V. Mechanical Stress

Table 7-12 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during storage.

Table 7-12 Mechanical stress requirements for storage environment

Item Sub-item Range

Offset ≤ 7.0 mm None

Accelerated speed None ≤ 20.0 m/s² Sinusoidal vibration

Frequency range 2 Hz to 9 Hz 9 Hz to 200 Hz

Impact response spectrum II ≤ 250 m/s²

Unsteady impact Static payload ≤ 5 kPa

Note:

l Impact response spectrum The maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.

l Static payload The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in normal pile-up method.

7.8.2 Transportation Environment

The following lists the climate, waterproof, biological, air cleanness, and mechanical stress requirements of the equipment during transportation.


Table 7-13 lists the climate requirements for equipment transportation.

Table 7-13 Climate requirements for equipment transportation

Item Range





Item Range

Temperature –40°C to +70°C

Temperature change rate ≤ 3°C/minute

Humidity 50% to 100%

Solar radiation ≤ 1,120 W/s²

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/s²


II. Waterproof Requirements

Before transporting the equipment, make sure that:

l The package is intact. l The package is shield from the rain. l There is no water on the floor inside the vehicle.

III. Biological Requirements



IV. Air Cleanness



Table 7-14 Transportation requirements for physically active materials


Suspending dust mg/m³ No requirement

Falling dust mg/m²·h ≤ 3.0

Sand mg/m³ ≤ 100

Note: l Suspending dust: diameter ≤ 75 µm l Falling dust: 75 µm ≤ diameter ≤ 150 µm l Sand: 150 µm ≤ diameter ≤ 1,000 µm

Table 7-15 lists the requirements for the density of chemically active materials.



Table 7-15 Transportation requirements for chemically active materials


SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01

O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05

V. Mechanical Stress

Table 7-16 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during transportation.

Table 7-16 Mechanical stress requirements for transportation

Item Sub-item Range

Offset ≤ 7.5 mm - -

Accelerated speed - ≤ 20.0 m/s² ≤ 40.0 m/s² Sinusoidal vibration

Frequency range 2 Hz to 9Hz 9 Hz to 200 Hz 200 Hz to

500 Hz

Spectrum density of accelerated speed 10 m²/s³ 3 m²/s³ 1 m²/s³

Random vibration

Frequency range 2 Hz to 9Hz 9 Hz to 200 Hz 200 Hz to

500 Hz

Impact response spectrum II ≤ 300 m/s² Unsteady

impact Static payload ≤ 10 kPa



Item Sub-item Range

Note: l Impact response spectrum

The maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.

l Static payload The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in normal pile-up method.

7.8.3 Operation Environment

The following lists the climate, waterproof, biological, air cleanness, and mechanical stress requirements of the equipment during operation.


Table 7-17 and Table 7-18 list the equipment operation requirements for the ambient temperature and humidity.

Table 7-17 Operation requirements for temperature and humidity

Temperature Relative Humidity

Normal Safe Normal Safe

0°C to 45°C –5°C to +55°C 5% to 85% 5% to 95%

Note: The values are measured 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the equipment, without protective panels in front of and behind the cabinet. Safe operation refers to continuous operation for not more than 96 hours or accumulated operation of not more than 15 days in a year.

Table 7-18 Operation requirements for other climax factors

Item Range



Temperature change rate ≤ 3°C/min

Solar radiation ≤ 700 W/m²

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/m²



Item Range


II. Biological Requirements



III. Air Cleanness



Table 7-19 Operation requirements for physically active materials


Dust particles Particles/m³ ≤ 3 x 104

(No visible dust accumulated on desk top within three days)

Note: Dust particles, Diameter ≥ 5 µm

Table 7-20 lists the requirements for the density of chemically active materials.

Table 7-20 Operation requirements for chemically active materials


SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.20

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.006

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.01

IV. Mechanical Stress

Table 7-21 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during operation.



Table 7-21 Mechanical stress requirements during equipment operation

Item Sub-item Range

Offset ≤ 3.5 mm -

Accelerated speed - ≤ 10.0 m/s² Sinusoidal vibration

Frequency range 2 Hz to 9 Hz 9 Hz to 200 Hz

Impact response spectrum II ≤ 100 m/s² Unsteady impact

Static payload 0

Note: l Impact response spectrum

It is the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.

l Static payload It is the capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in normal pile-up method.



Chapter 8 Installation



l Hardware Installation l Software Installation

8.2 Hardware Installation

8.2.1 Equipment Room Layout

Figure 8-1 shows the layout of the BSC6000 equipment room.



A

B

A

C CD

A ≥ 800 mm B ≥ 1800 mm C ≥ 800 mm D ≥ 1000 mm

Figure 8-1 Equipment room layout

8.2.2 Requirements on the Equipment Room

The equipment room of the BSC6000 must meet the following requirements:

l The net height (distance from the lowest point of the ceiling to the highest point of the floor) must be 3000 mm at least.

l The aisle between the two rows of cabinets should be at least 1000 mm wide. l The distance from the wall to the side, front, and back of the closest cabinet must

be 800 mm at least. The against-wall installation is not allowed. l An aisle 1000 mm wide at least should be reserved in the equipment room.



The environmental requirements are listed in section 7.8 "Environment Requirement".

8.3 Software Installation

The software installation of the BSC6000 is very easy.

The BSC6000 provides wizard installation. Many of the internal data and the system configuration are generated automatically or configured before delivery. You only need to install the OMU software and LMT software either in the initial configuration or upgrade.



Appendix Acronyms and Abbreviations

A

AEC Audio Echo Cancel

ALC Automatic Level Control

AMR Adaptive MultiRate

ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit

B

BCCH Broadcast Control CHannel

BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt

BM Basic Module

BSC Base Station Controller

BSS Base Station Subsystem

C

CBC Cell Broadcast Center

CIC Circuit Identification Code

D

DTX Discontinuous Transmission

E

EFR Enhanced Full Rate

EGPRS Enhanced GPRS

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

eMLPP enhanced Multi Level Precedence and Preemption

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

F

FR Full Rate



G

GBAM GSM Back Administration Module

GBCR GSM BSC Control processing Rack

GBSR GSM BSC Service processing Rack

GDSUC GSM Data proceSsing Unit for CS service

GE Gigabit Ethernet

GEIUA GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A

GEIUB GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aBis

GEIUP GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb

GEIUT GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aTer

GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network

GEPS GSM Extended Processing Subrack

GGCK GSM General ClocK Unit

GGNU GSM GE switching Network Unit

GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node

GIMS GSM Integrated Management System

GMPS GSM Main Processing Subrack

GOIUA GSM Optic Interface Unit for A

GOIUB GSM Optic Interface Unit for aBis

GOIUP GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb

GOIUT GSM Optic Interface Unit for aTer

GPRS General Packet Radio Service

GSM Global System for Mobile communications

GTCS GSM TransCoder Subrack

GTNU GSM TDM switching Network Unit

GUI Graphic User Interface

GXPUC GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Cell broadcast service

GXPUM GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Main service

H

HLR Home Location Register

I

IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity



K

KVM Keyboard, video, and mouse

L

LAPD Link Access Procedure on the D channel

LMT Local Maintenance Terminal

M

MS Mobile Station

MSC Mobile Switching Center

MTBF Mean Time Between Failure

MTP2 Message Transfer Part Level 2

MTTR Mean Time To Repair

N

NMS Network Management System

O

OMU Operation and Maintenance Unit

P

PBGT Power BudGeT

PCU Packet Control Unit

PDCH Packet Data CHannel

PDN Packet Data Network

Q

QoS Quality of Service

S

SCCP Signaling Connection Control Part

SDCCH Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel



SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node

T

TC Transcoder

TCH Traffic Channel

TDM Time Division Multiplexing

TFO Tandem Free Operation

TRAU Transcoder & Rate Adaptation Unit

W

WCDMA Wideband CDMA

Documents

Huawei BSC Description