Huawei Dwdm Sdh

INTERNATIONAL MASTER IN COMMUNICATION NETWORKS ENGINEERING

IMCNE 2ND EDITION 2006/2007

SDH and DWDM Optical Network Design

By: Tarek Belghith In partnership with:

Huawei Technologies Italia S.R.L.

Via Benedetto Croce, 19 00142 Roma - ITALY

School of advanced studies “Sant’Anna” - Pisa - Italy

جــامـــعــة تــونـــسUniversity of Tunis - Tunisia

International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2nd Edition 2006/2007 – Project work thesis: DWDM Networking

____________________________________________________________________________ Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Overview .....................................................................................................5 1.1. Company profile ...........................................................................................5 1.2. University presentation .................................................................................6 1.3. Master and Convention .................................................................................6 1.4. Project work.................................................................................................7 2. Scope of the work.........................................................................................7 2.1. Background..................................................................................................7 2.2. State of the Art ............................................................................................7 2.3. Huawei Technologies: some success in Italy ...................................................8 2.4. Presentation of some Huawei NG optical products ...........................................9 2.4.1. OptiX™ BWS 1600G................................................................................9 2.4.2. OptiX™ OSN Series for NG-SDH Networks ..............................................10 3. OPERATOR-X related tasks ..........................................................................12 3.1. Requirements.............................................................................................12 3.2. DWDM network design................................................................................12 3.2.1. Required background ...........................................................................12 3.2.2. Information Required for WDM Design...................................................13 3.2.3. WDM Technology overview ...................................................................14 3.2.3.1. OTM: Optical Termination.................................................................14 3.2.3.2. OADM: Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer ..................................................15 3.2.3.3. OLA: Optical Line Amplifier ................................................................16 3.2.3.4. REG: REGenerator ............................................................................17 3.2.4. OMS concept: Optical Multiplexing Section .............................................19 3.3. Network Solution for OPERATOR-X project....................................................19 3.3.1. Contents .............................................................................................19 3.3.2. Customer Requirements: ......................................................................19 Power and PMD Budget...............................................................................19 Station type and capacity ............................................................................20

3.3.3. System signal flow: ..............................................................................20 3.3.4. Network structure diagram ...................................................................22 3.3.5. Network configuration diagram .............................................................23 4. OPERATOR-Y project tasks ..........................................................................24 • Physical layer .............................................................................................24 • Network layer.............................................................................................24 • Application layer .........................................................................................24 4.1. Solution at physical Layer............................................................................25 4.2. Interworking Solution at the Network Layer: IP over DCC, OSI over DCC ........27 5. Achievements.............................................................................................29 5.1. Some professional aspects...........................................................................29 5.2. Validation of Master studies.........................................................................29 5.3. Further opportunity within Huawei ...............................................................30 6. Conclusion .................................................................................................31



TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Huawei OptiX product range..................................................................10 Figure 2 OPERATOR-X Requirements ..................................................................12 Figure 3 OTM....................................................................................................14 Figure 4 OADM .................................................................................................15 Figure 5 OLA.....................................................................................................16 Figure 6 REG ....................................................................................................17 Figure 7 DWDM System Overview.......................................................................18 Figure 8 OMS....................................................................................................19 Figure 9 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type A)......................................................20 Figure 10 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type B&C)................................................21 Figure 11 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type D)....................................................21 Figure 12 Solution Architecture: OLA (Type E&F) .................................................22 Figure 13 Solution Architecture: Network diagram................................................22 Figure 14 Solution Architecture: Network configuration ........................................23 Figure 15 Technical solution: NM transmission via DCC (Huawei as end equipment)25 Figure 16 Technical solution: NM data transmission via DCC (Huawei as Gateway) .26 Figure 17 Use of 2M service channel (Huawei as end equipment)..........................26 Figure 18 use of 2M service channel (Huawei as Gateway) ...................................27 Figure 19 Technical solution: DCN based on IP or OSI..........................................28 Figure 20 IP over DCC (Huawei as Gateway) .......................................................28 Figure 21 IP over DCC (Huawei as end equipment) ..............................................28



PREFACE

I dedicate this master degree to thank:

My parents,

My brothers and sister, My true friends,

My country Tunisia, All the people who love me

All the people that I love

For giving me love, support and consideration During every single step I made.

I also express my deepest gratitude to every concerned staff of:

The Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna and the University of Tunis, As well as the other universities taking part in IMCNE,

The steering organizations of this master program, And the Italian branch of Huawei Technologies Company. Ltd,

For giving me all this valuable scientific and technical background,

For offering me the appropriate environment and facilities, That allowed me to get along every phase of this course.



1. Overview

1.1. Company profile

A leading worldwide telecommunication product and solution provider, established in 1988 in Shenzhen P.R.China, it had activity at national level and started signing contracts abroad at overseas level fewer years later. Today, Huawei Technologies is trusted by a number of leading telecom operators around the world, employing over 50 000 among which 40% are involved in Research & Development. Huawei Technologies has notable achievements in Europe in the 5 last years, having been a leading partner for most of the European telecom operators, notably:

• Approved Global UMTS supplier of Vodafone in Italy and Spain, including ODM handsets...

• Preferred Supplier of British Telecom 21st Century Network since 2005,

including MSAN and Optical Transmission products (LH-DWDM).

• Global cooperation with Telefonica on Mobile and Fixed/Broadband, and major IP DSLAM vendor.

• Global Mobile Softswitch & GSM BSS Supplier for Orange 2G/3G Networks

• Sole supplier for 2G/3G Mobile Softswitch for KPN (…), and main supplier for

Optical Transmission and NG IP DSLAM in ALL IP Project

• IMS supplier of Deutsche Telekom network for T-COM & T-Mobile networks in Hungary



1.2. University presentation The Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna University is a public institution with special status, which works in the field of applied science: Economic Sciences, Education Law, Political Science, Agricultural Sciences, Medical Sciences and Industrial Engineering and Information. The school has the objective innovative pathways in research and training by getting through research and education at international level. Lecturers and researchers live and interact with the students every day, in a continuous cultural and intellectual exchange. Hence innovative ideas, the researches are developed in collaboration with universities, institutions, companies and research institutes abroad. Thanks to its international character, training of excellence and to the scientific community, the Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna has established itself as a point of reference in Italy and abroad. Among these international programs, we find the IMCNE International Master in Communication Networks Engineering held with Tunisian Universities. It started in October 2005, involving skilled students year after year to enhance their technical and scientific background in the field of Communication Networks and Information Technology.

1.3. Master and Convention This master program is scheduled to the students in two parts:

The first is a theory part (8 months) that consists in an educational way including course modules to be attended according to a given timetable, as well as practices, lab sessions and mini-project works relating to each module. The final evaluation is decided most of the times by a final exam. Most of these courses have been carried out in the Building of Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna in the Integrated Research Centre CNR (Via Moruzzi, Pisa, Italy). Some of the other courses took place in other facilities, such as the Sant’Anna Valdera Pole in Pontedera, the Interdepartmental Language Center CLI in Pisa.

The second is the practical part (≥ 4 months) that consists in a project work that the student performs during a stage period, a working period or a research activity to apply a part of his skills in a project that may relate to the scope of the master program, and thus, to validate his IMCNE master’s degree.

I made my validation period in Huawei Technologies Company, Italy branch, working on the design and the technical study of some optical transmission networking projects for operators.



1.4. Project work During my practice period in Huawei Technologies Italy, I was assigned to deal with network design within the product team in the optical department of Huawei Technologies Italy in the office headquartered in Rome. In my project period, my work consisted on 2 main tasks: the first is WDM network design for an Italian telecommunication group that I will name OPERATOR X in this document, and which is a technical study of an optical transmission backbone through the country territory using the Huawei’s BWS 1600G as OTM/OADM stations. The second was an elaboration of a technical SDH technology configuration for another key operator in Italy that I will name OPERATOR Y in this document, requiring a network solution to carry Data and ADSL traffic flows within a multi-vendor existing network. In the following chapters, I will describe some deeper aspects of the DWDM network design, as well as some SDH technical aspects accordingly to my tasks.

2. Scope of the work

2.1. Background After having already been working in it for around one year and a half, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. and being already familiar with the telecommunication industry within this solution provider, the position that I had in the optical networking department as product team member allowed me to get along with the latest optical transmission technologies, namely SDH and WDM networking. Dealing with several projects, my technical background needed to be reinforced by some further course in this field, and I found that the “International Master in Communication Networks Engineering” is able to meet my needs, either to acquire an overall technical background enhancement, or a comprehensive set of scientific and professional information in the field of telecommunications and network engineering.

2.2. State of the Art Generally, the carrier’s backbone networks use this architecture to guarantee the maximum capacity and the best efficiency when carrying huge amounts of traffic flows of different types (Data, voice, video, multimedia, TV, Internet...). Being already familiar with the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDH and its related optical networking features, an important architecture is also the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network that supports lightpaths to carry traffic flows. WDM is basically frequency division multiplexing in the optical frequency range, where carrier frequencies are referred to as wavelengths. Lightpaths are end-to-end connections made up of connected WDM channels that transport either SDH traffic, or other traffic



types and formats. A network node is said to have wavelength conversion capability if it can shift the wavelengths of optical signals. The advantage of wavelength conversion is that it allows the increasing of network capacity and reliability, but its disadvantage is that it can be expensive and/or difficult to implement. With the increasing needs for transmission resources and capacities, telecom operators and similar providers keep on enhancing their transmission networks with more and more availability and efficiency, by implementing the latest technological aspects in order to make them able to carry more capabilities and support features. In this sense, an important Italian operator that I will name OPERATOR-X (Customer names are required to be kept hidden for Company privacy reasons), has decided to upgrade a part of its European network by replacing the transmission equipments of a part of it, putting new ones that support larger capacities, higher bitrates and more optical multiplexing capabilities. So, OPERATOR-X launched a “Request For Information (RFI)” calling solution providers and vendors to propose an engineering solution that meets the requirements and the satisfies the expected needs. Besides, another key operator OPERATOR-Y asked for technical solution analyzing the possibility of connecting a multi-vendor optical network (SDH) to ensure transmission of some data/ADSL traffic flows, as well as management information for the Huawei equipments going through other vendor’s equipment. Their requirements focused on all of the three layers from physical, network to application. This operator was interested in Huawei equipment in order to deploy some data links over SDH network to offer value-added services and high capacity-links to corporate customers. After my analysis and solution preparation, I was able to provide them with a comprehensive set of information, which I will detail in the next chapters.

2.3. Huawei Technologies: some success in Italy

“Huawei Named Supplier of WDM Optical Metropolitan Network for Telecom Italia”

[Shenzhen, China - 20 December 2006] Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd ("Huawei"), a leader in providing next generation telecommunications network solutions for operators around the world, has announced it has been selected by Telecom Italia to carry out Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology projects. The first Chinese telecommunication equipment supplier selected for Italian telecom programs, Huawei was awarded the contract to supply optical transport technology after the company has undergone Telecom Italia's stringent evaluation process. In addition to Telecom Italia, Huawei’s other successful partnerships with European mainstream operators



include British Telecom, where Huawei is a preferred vendor in the transport and MSAN domain for its 21CN program; and a CWDM/DWDM project for Dutch operator, KPN, in which Huawei is the exclusive vendor.. Huawei's Metro WDM products provide abundant interfaces, which can support services access and aggregation with multiple data transfer rates and different protocols. The unique GE ADM technology guarantees the flexible grooming of GE service on WDM network, and saves wavelength and fiber resources. Based on the company's leading-edge technologies and experience in commercial application of products worldwide, Huawei Metro WDM solution has become a popular choice for constructing an efficient transport network for IP DSLAM, IPTV, and GE VPN, which is widely deployed in over ten countries and regions.

2.4. Presentation of some Huawei NG optical products

2.4.1. OptiX™ BWS 1600G Used for the Long haul Project for OPERATOR-X, The BWS 1600G is a Backbone DWDM Optical Transmission System. It is a high-speed large capacity DWDM optical transmission system which is designed for telecommunication operators to satisfy their requirements on extra large capacity and extra long distance transmission. It provides them with a stable platform for multi-service operation, upgrade and capacity expansion. It is capable of multiplexing up to 160/192 wavelengths over a single optical fiber. That is, to transmit carrier signals over this number of wavelengths at a bit rate of up to 10 Gbps. Besides, when only the 80 wavelengths of C band are accessed, a single channel can support an access rate of up to 40 Gbps. The OptiX BWS 1600G system realizes DWDM bi-directional transmission through dual optical fibers. It supports optical multiplexing/demultiplexing, EDFA, Raman amplification, channel equalization, coding modulation, FEC, Reconfigurable optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (ROADM), Remote Optically Pumped Amplifiers (ROPA), dispersion compensation, and unified NMS technologies. The OptiX BWS 1600G is stable in performance, and can be deployed flexibly. Catering to different requirements, on long distances’ transmission, the OptiX BWS 1600G provides a series of technical solutions such as:

• Increasing the system capacity, • Enriching the service varieties, • Adopting ultra long-haul transmission technology, • Adopting the network protection technology to enhance the network security

and survivability, • Adopting the full operation and maintenance technologies to improve the

network performance.



2.4.2. OptiX™ OSN Series for NG-SDH Networks The Huawei OptiX product range is usually associated to the optical SDH equipment, to be deployed on the operators’ optical metro and access networks, taking the optical signal at the backbone to deliver the related services to the end user. This range of equipments was proposed for the issues related to the requirements of the telecom operators named accordingly OPERATOR-X and OPERATOR-Y in this report.

Figure 1 Huawei OptiX product range

Besides, with the development of broadband and video services, network operators are rapidly migrating to next-generation IP/Ethernet-based infrastructures. The broadband service rise requires a more powerful metro optical network. The demands for bandwidth and flexibility are forcing operators to fundamentally review, rethink and upgrade their metro optical network.

Considering this, further OSN equipments have been developed to integrate the

new optical technology aspects: the OSN 6800/3800 provides an OTN&ASON Based intelligent Multi-service service WDM platform. It enables telecom networks to migrate from the traditional voice-oriented to the next-generation data-oriented transport network. It is designed for network operators and carrier networks to provide them with flexibility, high-speed data storage and multimedia applications. It supports multiple services, multiple network topologies and transparency protocols in metro and regional networks.

This equipment incorporated the multiple next generation network technologies

such as G.709 OTN, ROADM, tunable and pluggable optics, ASON/GMPLS, 40G, data switching, ODB capability to support most flexible and data-optimized optical transport infrastructure.



The OSN 6800/3800 provides full support for G.709 OTN that covers the overhead, mapping, FEC, multiplexing, cross-connection, management, supervisory, etc.

It also offers End-to-End provisioning by implementing G.709 OTN. So that, it

does not only serve as WDM for transport capacity extension, but also as multi-wavelength optical transport network (OTN) which provides End-to-End grooming. (Multiplexing vs. Networking).



3. OPERATOR-X related tasks

3.1. Requirements The project concerns the providing of the appropriate WDM optical transmission

equipments and tools on the following diagram:

Figure 2 OPERATOR-X Requirements

3.2. DWDM network design

3.2.1. Required background

Before any activity, the WDM network designer should be quite familiar with the design elementary information, which is the key of a successful design. The network designer should properly scale his design according to the following aspects:

Attenuation and power budget Output and Input of Transponders, Insertion loss of passive components Fiber attenuation Amplifier (EDFA & Raman ) input range/gain/output



OSNR calculation Calculation Tool and Transponders Receiving Tolerance

Chromatic dispersion DCF/DCM (Dispersion compensation fiber/module)

PMD : Polarization Mode Dispersion Use of PMD compensator

Nonlinearity Choice of transponder type Low down input power to fiber Widen channel spacing Using a REG (Regenerator) station (Last issue)

3.2.2. Information Required for WDM Design System Capacity

One of the mandatory information for the network design is: the initial and final required capacity, as well as the maximum capacity that can be achieved without traffic interruption in case of future expansion. The customer usually provides documentation that specifies its needs for each span of each coverage area. These requirements are studied clearly taking into account all the other factors (data type, final user’s population, etc…).

Service requirement This requirement depends mainly on the capacity of the network, (i.e.: Whether it is a 10Gbit/s network or 2.5Gbits one). The traffic matrix will make it easier to track the traffics of different types and capacities between the nodes of the network. Even that services may differ from link to another, the requirements may include data types which aim to be used later for future extension of the network.

Fiber Type This point is often specified by the target customer, according to its existing infrastructure and requirements. (i.e.: G.652, G.655, G.653…) In our projected network, all the fiber is G.655, but we found an elementary span of G.654 which has been used for a small submarine part of the network.

Fiber length for each span and attenuation principle Same as the previous point, we should study in details the operator requirements to be well aware about the node sites, and thus about the fiber span length and signal attenuation within the optical network. In fact, the optical Attenuators will be set according to several parameters that are mainly related to the span length, fiber attenuation, as well as the fiber type itself.

Site type (OTM, OADM, OLA) Deciding about the site type is strongly linked to the site accuracy and importance with respect to the network use, user population at this site, etc. OTM sites generally stand for main sites that will deal with a high number of wavelengths; you can refer to the network diagram to know the site assignment according the site type.

Other requirements and limits It is obvious that we are always subjected to some unpredicted facts, that is, as example; In some projects (in execution) of an Italian operator, we met a problem



in the optical link between two sites on some WDM ring in Rome, whereas all the remaining sites of that ring were ready for use. The problem came from the operator’s side, but he caused for us some delay in the project processing schedule.

3.2.3. WDM Technology overview The WDM network is made up by several components and nodes, among which

we can find different types serving a specific function each. The main nodes of a WDM link are the OTM (One OTM per ring or two OTM per point-to-point link).

3.2.3.1. OTM: Optical Termination Realize services add/dropping and Optical/Electrical/Optical signal conversion

for all optical channels. The adding/dropping optical channels would be terminated and sent to SDH, ATM or IP equipment.

The pass through optical channels would be passed to next site. The regenerated optical channels would be regenerated by OTU/REG.

Figure 3 OTM

M40

OTU

OBU

SC1 SCC

D40

OTU

OTU

OAU

FIU

λ1

λnλs

λsλ1

λn

OTM

OTU



3.2.3.2. OADM: Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer Add/dropping part of channels and the others pass away transparently

The adding/dropping optical channels would be sent to SDH, ATM or IP equipment.

The through optical channels have not any process

Figure 4 OADM

Besides, the optical signal inside the fiber is subjected to the nonlinear effects,

whose impact is quite important on the transmission power. This latter should be kept above a given threshold in order to be correctly received by destination node. Thus, some additional intermediary nodes may be added to the WDM link if needed, namely OLA and REG sites.

F I U

OA

OB

λ s

OTU

OTU

F I U

OB

OA

SC

OADM Unit

SC

1 2

OADM

OTU

OTU

3 4

OADM

Unit

OADM

Unit

λs

λ λ λ λ

Add/Drop Wavelengths

Pass-through Wavelengths



3.2.3.3. OLA: Optical Line Amplifier It only amplifies optical signals. Compensates power loss caused by fiber and other passive optical components

Figure 5 OLA

SC2

SCC

OA

OAU

FIU

FIU

λs

OLA



3.2.3.4. REG: REGenerator The Regenerator performs OEO conversion for all optical channels.

All optical channels would be terminated in REG, OTU would regenerate optical signals and transport to next station

Figure 6 REG

N.B: REG station are costly, so it is suggested to avoid using them, except for optical signals whose power becomes very low to be received by transponders (OSNR, PMD, Nonlinearity Effects).

M40

D40

OTU

OTU

••F I U

OAU

OBU

λs

λ1

λn

M40

OBU

D40

OTU

OTU •• OAU

FIU

λn

λ1

λn

REG

SC2SCC λs



Figure 7 DWDM System Overview

Optional Amplifier

M U

X D

E M U

X

Low Rate Interfaces

Direct Coloured Interfaces

Non-Coloured Interfaces

Direct Coloured Interfaces

Transponder

Muxponder

OSC Termination Optional OSC

OSC Add

OSC Drop

DCF

λOSC

40 Wavelengths over a single fiber

F I U

OTM OADM

Multiplexer

Transponder

Coloured

Interfaces

λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4

Add Drop

λs λs

F I U

F I U

OSC Termination

OTM

D E M

U X

M U

X

Transponder

Transponder

Muxponder

Muxponder

λOSC

F I U

OSC Termination

System Overview

OADM or ROADM

OADM or ROADM

Transponder

Muxponder

Transponder

Muxponder

• OTM : Optical Terminal Multiplexer (40 λs) • OADM : Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (2/4 λs) • OA : Optical Amplifier, C-Band (Amplified output at 1530-1565nm)

• OSC : Optical Supervisory Channel • FIU : Fiber Interface Unit (Adds/ Drops OSC) • SCC : System control and communication and performance monitoring units



3.2.4. OMS concept: Optical Multiplexing Section The section between 3R functions transponders:

The section between OTM and OTM; The section between OTM and REG; For OADM stations, the section between OTM/REG and site with

adding/dropping wavelengths.

Figure 8 OMS

3.3. Network Solution for OPERATOR-X project

3.3.1. Contents The total solution for the aforesaid operator includes all the technical parts namely

the Network Design Requirements and Specifications, the System Signal Flow, the Network Structure and Design Diagram, and some Highlights of HUAWEI Proposed Solution.

3.3.2. Customer Requirements:

Power and PMD Budget

Fiber Attenuation Coefficient 0.22dB/km

Maximum Loss per Connector 0.5dB

Connectors for Each Span 2

Fiber Margin 3.0dB

Middle Joint Connection Loss 1.5dB

O T M

OADM R E G

R E G

REG/OMS REG/OMS

OMS

OAS

OAS: Optical Amplifier Span OMS: Optical Multiplexing Section

O T M

OAS OAS OAS OAS

OMS



Extra Attenuation 1.5dB for A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6

PMD Coefficient of Fiber 0.1(ps/km1/2)

Station type and capacity

System Capacity 800G system, 50GHZ spacing

Type A 80 channels for each direction

Type B At least 20 channels

Type C At least 40 channels

Type D ROADM node, at least 40 channels

Type E Can be treating as REG node or OLA node.

Type F Can only be OLA node, equipments should be put in the existing rack (ETSI: 600 x 600 x 2200 mm )

3.3.3. System signal flow: OTM (Type A)

Figure 9 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type A)

1

4

F I U

F I U

OBUDCM

OA

DCM

OSC

ITL

M40 M 4 0

V40 Even

M40 M 4 0

D40 Even

1

4

1

4

M40 M 4 0

V40 ODD

M40 M 4 0

D40 ODD

1

4

OTU

OTU



OTM - Type B & C (1 Direction)

Figure 10 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type B&C) ROADM - Type D (Support 80 Channels)

Figure 11 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type D)

1

4

F I U

F I U

OA

DC

OSC

ITL

M40 M 4 0

V40 Even

M40 M 4 0

D40 Even

1

4

1

4

M40 M 4 0

V40 ODD

M40 M 4 0

D40 ODD

1

4

OTU

OTU Phase 2:

For future extension

DC OBUPhase 1

FIU

OA

OB

M 4 0

M 4 0

W S D

DCM

DCM

RMU

M V40E

M D40E

FIU

OB

OA

DCM

DCM

M4 0

R M U

M4 0

W S D

M V40E

M D40E

OTU

OTU



OLA - Type E and F (Support 80 Channels)

Figure 12 Solution Architecture: OLA (Type E&F)

3.3.4. Network structure diagram

Figure 13 Solution Architecture: Network diagram

F I U

F I U

SC2

O

DC

O

DC

A1

F3

F2

F2

F3

F3

F5

F5

Legend: G.655 TWRS G.654 G.652

F2

A

A

D

D

D

A A

C B A A

B

F4

A

C

32.43kmO

F

84.73km 77.06km OOOO

64.11km60.78km84.02km86.93kmO

80.59km

F F FF E

83.03km O

30km

O

OOOOO

OOOO

OOOO

O

O

O

O

O

OO

O

OO

OO

OOOOOO

A A17.42km

OO

92.50km88.80km 96.60km 94.60km94.40km84.10km59.35km27.55km63.10km 71.26km

O73.32km95.56km 82.37km

FFF

F1

B

F1

F1

F1E F1 F1 F1 F3 F3 F3 F3 F3

F2

F2 F1 E F1F2

F2

F4 E E F4 F4 F4 F4

B

F4B F4 F4

F3F3

F4 F5 F5

75.03km

71.93km

73.97km

77.47km

74.40km

81.31km

92.83km

95.62km

59.22km

6.75km

103.05km

80.52km 124km 74.04km 87.25km 62.65km 55.64km 98.20km 65km 73.30km 73km 40.60km

44km

109km

100km

14.48km

97.68km

73.23km

97.42km

72.52km

88.44km

69.17km

83.60km74.14km

85.70km 99.10km 101.70km 98.70km 112.49km 102.20km

34.68km

97.30km 94.72km

112.53km102.74km80.34km

116.24km

109.75km

20.90km

O

OO

O

F2

F2 90.62km

68.78km

68.22km48.61km

99.13km

Site By Passed



3.3.5. Network configuration diagram

Legend:

Figure 14 Solution Architecture: Network configuration



4. OPERATOR-Y project tasks

The OPERATOR-Y intends to launch a new commercial product that aims mainly the corporate customers with high transmission resource needs and supporting big capacities at the metro level, OPERATOR-Y has already its own existing optical network at that level, which is made up of several equipments from different vendors, their first worry was the ability to manage the Huawei equipments in a multi-vendor environment from one side, as well as the ability to manager these other vendor’s equipment in a network made of some Huawei equipments.

For this, we offered a technical response telling them about the possibility of

configuring the D bytes (i.e: D1~D3, D4~D12) which are dedicated to the maintenance, performance and OAM information transport within the SDH frame.

The technical information feedback that I prepared for this customer focused

mainly on this capability to integrate multi-vendor environments. To do so, my technical discussion included several explanations related to this issue.

In fact, Huawei equipments can be configured in such a way to support the

integration in a multi-vendor network, using one of two solutions: either on Physical layer of at Network layer. Below, I am detailing the processing of management information at each layer:

• Physical layer Use different DCC resources and implement interconnection and

interworking through the transparent transmission function of the DCC, including two aspects: Huawei’s equipment provides a DCC transparent transmission channel to transport management information for other vendors’ equipment; other vendors’ equipment provides a DCC transparent transmission channel to transport management information for Huawei’s equipment. Besides, a 2M service channel can also be configured to achive these issues between equipments.

• Network layer Communicate directly with other vendors' equipment through the standard

communication protocols, such as IP over DCC and OSI over DCC.

• Application layer Interwork the management protocols (CMIP, SNMP, Corba and MML) and

information models (MIB) to achieve appropriate OAM operation on the transmission equipment.



4.1. Solution at physical Layer My proposed solution at the physical and network layers was the following: Other vendors’ equipment transparently transmits Huawei’s DCC management information

Figure 15 Technical solution: NM transmission via DCC (Huawei as end equipment)

OptiX

D1 -

D1 - D3, D4 - D12 or D7 - D9

OptiX

D1 -

OtherOther

D1 - D3, D4 - D12

or D7 - D9 Transparent transmission

For E bytes used in the order wire, there are still problems of separation by other vendors' equipment. Huawei’s equipment can transfer the information borne by E1 bytes to D11 bytes and the information borne by E2 bytes to D12 bytes, and span other vendors' equipment, and then transfer E bytes into Huawei’s equipment at the other end.

Note

1. Confirming whether to provide DCC byte translation function, that is, translating the accessed bytes of D1 –D3 into bytes of D4 – D12. 2. If supported, setting a DCC channel through the byte translation function.

No need of modification.

1. Not using bytes of D4 – D12 in the NE. 2. Setting a DCC channel in the network, for example, setting D bytes on nodes B and C of the SDH Ring2 and providing bytes of D4 – D12 for Huawei’s equipment to communicate.

Setting DCC bytes of D4 - D12 on Sites A and D.

Using bytes of D1 – D3. Using bytes of D1 – D3.Other vendors

Using bytes of D1 – D3. Using bytes of D4 - D12.Huawei

Mode 2 Mode 1



Huawei’s equipment transparently transmits other vendors’s DCC management information

Mode 1 Mode 2 Using bytes of D4 – D12 to bear their own communication information.

Using bytes of D1 – D3. Huawei

Setting DCC bytes of D4 – D12 on Sites A and D.

No need of configuration.

Using bytes of D1 – D3. Using bytes of D1 – D3. Other vendors Setting a DCC channel in the network,

for example, setting D bytes on nodes B and C of the SDH Ring and transparently transmitting bytes of D4 –D12 for other vendors’ equipment to communicate.

Mapping bytes of D1 – D3 of other vendors' equipment to bytes of D7 – D9 for spanning the network composed by Huawei’s equipment, translating bytes of D7 – D9 to D1 – D3 on node C at the other end, and then transferring bytes to other vendors' equipment to implement the transparent transmission.

Figure 16 Technical solution: NM data transmission via DCC (Huawei as Gateway) Other vendors’ equipment transparently transmits management information of Huawei’s equipment through the use of 2 M service channels

Figure 17 Use of 2M service channel (Huawei as end equipment)

In this solution, Huawei’s equipment maps information of D bytes to 2 M service channel for transparent transmission in the other vendors’ networks, and extracts it from 2 M signals at the opposite end. E bytes used in the order wire are compliant with the DCC transparent transmission mode.

OptiX

D1 - D3

OptiX

D1 - D3

Other Other D4 - D12

D1 - D3

D4 - D12

Transparent transmission

D4 - D12

D1 - D3, E1 and E2 D1 - D3, E1and E2

OptiX

D1 - D3

2 M

OptiX OtherOther

2 M service channel

2 M

D1 - D3 → D7 - D9, E1 → D11 and E2 → D12

D1 - D3

D1 - D3



Huawei’s equipment transparently transmits management information of other vendors’ equipment through the use of 2 M service channels

Figure 18 use of 2M service channel (Huawei as Gateway)

In this solution, Huawei’s equipment maps information of D bytes to 2 M service channel for transparent transmission in Huawei’s networks, and extracts it from 2 M signals at the peer end. This solution does not support E bytes transparent transmission of other vendors’ equipment used in the order wire, but can be compliant with the DCC transparent transmission mode.

4.2. Interworking Solution at the Network Layer: IP over DCC, OSI over DCC

The internetworking in multi-vendor equipments can also be achieved among the Network layer, by defining an IP service over the Data Communication Channel DCC to carry this management information, or using packets in the OSI over the DCC channel. This solution has several advantages and disadvantages to be used:

Advantages 1. No need of additional DCN channel. 2. Different applicable situations: not constrained by the complicated networking, but more flexible to provide multiple channels. 3. The network layer does not depend on the implementation mode of the physical layer, because there is no standard for processing the physical channels and products developed by multiple vendors have worse consistency, but the protocol is a standard specification for the convenience of interworking. 4. Supporting auto-reroute to implement the protection of management information channel. 5. Also supporting the standard tools, such as FTP and Telnet, to operate the NE directly (Huawei equipment has supported using TL1 command to operate the SONET products through the Telnet).

Other vendors¡̄ EMS

Other vendors¡̄ SDH

Huawei¡̄ s SDH

2 M service channel

Extracting DCC information from 2 M service channel to the SCC for processing

Mapping DCC information to E1

Other vendors¡̄ SDH



Disadvantages 1. Having a high requirement for the passed-by equipment and supporting the same protocol at the network layer necessarily. 2. When interconnecting the equipment from different vendors, the link layer protocols should be implemented in the same way and interconnection should be successfully completed

This is for IP over DCC:

Figure 19 Technical solution: DCN based on IP or OSI

To sum up; we can say that the interworking solution at network layer can meet two requirements, either to have Huawei equipment as gateway to transport other vendor’s data, or to stand for destination point, passed through other vendor’s gateway as follows :

In the following case, Huawei’s equipment transparently transmits

management information of other vendors’ equipment through sharing the network layer protocol.

Figure 20 IP over DCC (Huawei as Gateway)

Below, other vendors’ equipment transparently transmits management information of Huawei’s equipment through sharing the network layer protocol

Figure 21 IP over DCC (Huawei as end equipment)

Huawei OtherHuawei

IP or OSI Private protocol or standard

standard protocol (IP/TP4) EMS

DCN based on IP or OSI

Other Huawei Other

IP or OSI protocol Internal DCN

protocol / standard protocol(IP/TP4)

Transparent transmission of OSI/IP protocol


protocol / standard

protocol(IP/TP4)

Huawei Other

IP or OSI protocol

Internal DCN protocol / standard protocol(IP/TP4)

Supporting the standard transparent

transmission of OSI/IP protocol


protocol / standard protocol(IP/TP4)

Huawei



5. Achievements

5.1. Some professional aspects In order to deal with the overall project, several administrative steps must be

followed since the beginning, thus, to be able to carry the full project management lifecycle.

The product/project manager should be able to deal with all this administrative stuff inside the company, to prepare the output documents either for the technical or the financial department.

• Technical documents: Network diagrams with all the technical details, configuration files, detailed network components and related settings (optical power budget, addressing and labeling data…) • Financial documents: Quotations, bills of quantities, purchase orders, commercial invoices, list prices, etc…

It is clear that different elements and components play important roles in the

project lifecycle, and may even drive straight to its success or failure, namely: • Project team behavior and working attitude • Respect of the project deadlines • Relationship between the project parties and/or partners • Work efficiency • Product quality • …

By the way, other unpredictable circumstances either internal or external ones

do have important impacts on the company’s activity in general or on the project process in particular, such as:

• Natural disasters (Earthquake, volcano, inundation…) • Accidents • Government decisions and/or facts • Customer decisions and/or facts • Partner decisions and/or facts • Facts happening inside company, staff-related facts… • Facts happening in the company environment

5.2. Validation of Master studies In order to finish my course of master degree, four months of project work

should be validated by taking part or achieving some project in a company or a research laboratory that are involved in the computers or telecommunications’ field.

During my project work period, I took part in the study and design of the WDM

backbone of a telecom operator network, from one side, and I supported a technical solution for SDH/NGSDH optical network integrating transmission equipments in a multi-vendor environment from the other side. To do so, I was assigned to be a product team member within the optical networking department of the leading vendor in telecommunications “Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd”.



This project involvement gave me the possibility to apply the acquired

background on the optical networks that has been largely enriched by the courses of the IMCNE master –especially on the DWDM optical networking- in an industrial and professional context, which brought me up with more skills and abilities.

5.3. Further opportunity within Huawei As mentioned in the beginning of this document, I already worked in Huawei in

the optical networking department; it was even one of the reasons that pushed me some more towards this master course “International Master in Communication Networks Engineering” in the School of Advanced Studies Sant’Anna in Pisa.

Given that I am already a trained and certified Huawei Optical networking

product manager, I was directly assigned as a product member for these project teams notably the Metro WDM network one and the SDH technical solution one during my “Stage” period for the master.

The Huawei top management also offered me the possibility to get along with

them for the same project, and eventually further ones.



6. Conclusion

The first thing to mention is that, in this context, Science and Technology are strongly linked to each other: no Technology without Science, and no Science without Technology: that is, they both contribute efficiently in the development of each other.

The research and development is a key sector in the technology field in general,

and in the telecommunication industry in particular: their main task is to integrate science and technology in the industry to achieve better results, products and technological solutions.

I realized that this master course was very instructive for my background at

both levels: scientific and professional. Besides, the master included a management course which gave me a wide idea on the enterprise life, the marketing and the innovation concepts in the business life.

This latter allowed me to reshape my vision towards the technological industry to be able to follow its rapid development, and also to have a further professional carrier with a deeper knowledge either from the technological point of view or the entrepreneurship point of view.

Telecommunication sector is one of the current key industries of the century: it

is the need for communication and to exchange information and messages, which is the same fact that was behind all this success. The humanity has invested a lot in the development of this field and people made all the possible to go beyond the usual obstacles of communication such as time, distance, language, obviousness, data volume, complexity, etc.

Actually, the telecommunication that is born in the previous centuries, can be

considered as quite mature nowadays, with all its ramifications, going from fixed to mobile, from voice to data, from copper wire to optical fiber, and from the first to the last mile.

I took the optical networks engineering as specialization, the OTN stands for

the basis for every single telecommunication link at all levels, by offing the highest capacities, bit rates, speeds and efficiency.

With Huawei technologies, I had the opportunity of taking part of the product

team on a very big WDM optical transmission project for one of the biggest operators in Europe, which brought me back with more professionalism and experience.

This master allowed me not only to make some related concepts clearer for me,

but also to give me further technical and scientific background on the other telecommunication concepts.

Documents

Huawei Dwdm Sdh