Human Anatomy & Physiology Hey…I thought those were the

Human Anatomy & PhysiologyHey…I thought those were the same thing!

Nope…they ain’t

Anatomy-Where everything is and to what it is connected.

Physiology-How all that stuff works to keep you alive!

Morphology-How structures are related to each other.

Mr. Blacher's 7th Grade Biology

We’ll be covering NINE systems, but…there’s sooooo much more!

1. Circulatory

2. Respiratory

3. Digestive

4. Nervous

5. Muscular

6. Skeletal

7. Immune

8. Endocrine

9. Excretory


Let’s Start with an Overview of each.Here’s how we’ll do it…

#. The name of the system.

a)The major function.

b)The major organs, tissues, and or

fluids.

c)A cool picture…well…one that I think is

cool…you may prefer another…that’s your

prerogative of course.


1. Circulatory System

a) Move oxygen, nutrients, wastes, hormones, electrolytes, and anything else that needs to travel through the body to wherever it needs to go.

b) Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood.


2.Respiratory Systema) Exchanges oxygen (in) and carbon dioxide (out) with the

atmosphere.

b) Mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi, alveoli, diaphragm.


3. Digestive Systema) Break down food and absorb nutrients for transport in the blood for

use by the body for energy, growth, and cell repair.

b) Mouth, teeth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small and large intestine, rectum, anus, gall bladder, pancreas, liver.

c)


4. Nervous Systema) Control and communication. It transmits nerve impulses throughout

the body. This can be voluntary (you think about it…and do it) or involuntary (when’s the last time you thought, “Gee…I really oughtatell my heart to beat again.”)

b) Central Nervous System: Brain, spinal cord, nerves. Peripheral Nervous System: sensory neurons, ganglia, and other nerves.

c)


5. Muscular Systema) Movement! This system is about moving things…from the blood

within to the entire organism.

b) There are like 700 muscles +/-; you wanna name them? Ohhh…ok. Let’s do this instead…smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, ligaments, and tendons.

c)


6. Skeletal Systema) Support and protection! This system protects the soft tissues and organs, and it

provides attachment point for the muscles (via tendons) and ligaments. You knew that…what you may not have known is that it also makes red and white blood cells.

b) 206 of these; you wanna name them too? What are ya…skeerd? Okay…back-up plan...types by shape: long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid. Type by construction: compact and spongy bone. Also…red and yellow marrow.

c)


7. Immune Systema) Protection from foreign invaders! This system is a collection of sorts. Of what?

Well…cells, tissues, organs…processes even. This system has to tell the difference between stuff that’s supposed to be there and stuff that ain’t. If it ain’t…there is a programmed response that is activated and the system goes to war!

b) Well…there’s quite a list, but here’s some stuff: White blood cells (phagocytes and lymphocytes), thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph tissue, lymph nodes, lymphatic fluid, skin, mucous membranes, and tonsils.

c)


8. Endocrine Systema) Controls growth, metabolism, behavior, sleep, and sexual function by sending

chemical signals (hormones) throughout the body!

b) Glands and tissues (and associated hormones) such as: thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pituitary, adrenals, pineal, testes, ovaries, hypothalamus. Additionally there are organs and glands in other systems that secrete hormones.

c)


9. Excretory Systema) You know the whole “Nutrients in-Wastes Out” thing we talked about?

Well…which part you reckon this is? Yup…poop…pee…sweat…CO2…all-O-dat gotz t’ go!

b) Kidneys, bladder, ureter, urethra, large intestine, rectum, anus, skin, lungs, mouth, and nose.

c)



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Human Anatomy & Physiology Hey…I thought those were the