HUMAN BODY UNIT

-Mrs. LeMay-7th grade Science

•Movement•Stability•Heat Production

• Works in pairs:– Contraction

(bunches)– Relaxes (lengthens)

• Chemical impulses from brain send message

• Burns ENERGY

Types of Muscles

TYPES of Muscles

Muscle cells have LOTS of Mitochondria….why?

Problems/DiseasesStrains, tears, sprains Damage to muscles, tendons, ligaments

Muscular Dystrophy Weakening of muscles, genetic, no cure

Myasthemia gravis Decreased impulses to the muscles. Causes drooping, fatigue, and breathing issues

ALS (Lou Gehrig’s disease) Attacks motor neurons, no cure

Cerebral palsy Brain damage has occurred, decrease in physical abilities

Atrophy When a muscle doesn’t get use and shrinks

Fast FactsHow many? Over 630 (you have 30 in your face!)

Busiest muscle? Eyes- move 100, 000 x a day

Largest?

What are hiccups?

Gluteus maximus- (buttocks)

Diaphragmatic spasm

•Structure•Protection•Make Blood

Living tissueCan repair

itself

http://www.edupics.com/en-coloring-pictures-pages-photo-human-skeleton-i7622.html

Common Bone Fracture Types

Problems/DiseasesScoliosis Side to side curving of the spine

osteoporosis Disease in the loss of bone tissue,Bone loses calcium and may disappear

Leukemia abnormal white blood cells multiplyBlood cancer

Spina bifida Infants born where the spinal cord is exposed. Genetics seems to play a role.

Arthritis/Osteoarthritis Pain, stiffness and swelling in joints/When the affected joint wears out

Polio Serious infection caused by a virus.Can lead to paralysis

Fast FactsHow many? Born with 300

As grow bones fuse and 206 remain

Longest? Thigh- it is ¼ your height

Human vs. giraffe Same number of vertebrae in neck, just the giraffes are MUCH longer.

• Electrical Network

• Carries O2 to the body and CO2 away

• 4 chambers

Arteries carry Oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart.

Veins carry Deoxygenated blood to the heart.

Function of the CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Flow of Blood• Start at the heart (right side)• Sent to the lungs, where I • Pick up oxygen, drop CO 2• Now I turn RED, • Then I go back to the heart (left side), where I am• Sent to the body• Where I drop off oxygen, pick up CO 2• Now I turn Blue…• So I go back to the Heart….

Problems/DiseasesCardiac Infarction(Heart Attack)

blood flow to a part of your heart is blocked long enough that part of the heart muscle is damaged or dies.

Cardiac dysrhythmias Abnormalities of heart rhythm

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Blood flow in arteries is too high. (Heart works too hard.)

Stroke Blood clot in brain that causes brain death

Fast Facts

How does it beat? Electricity makes the muscle cells contract!

How fast? Exercising – 10 seconds (blood from heart to big toe and back)

How much? Average heart beats 100,000 times a day

Function of the Digestive System

•Breaks down food into tiny molecules that can be reabsorbed into the bloodstream and distributed to cells.

Digestive System RAPWe start in the mouth

Where digestion begins

Chemical/mechanical together.

Now down the esophagus, Into the stomach

Where its chemical/mechanical again.

Next into the intestine, the first one is small

Where nutrients are reabsorbed.

Then off to the intestine, this time it’s large

Where water is reabsorbed

The rest moves through

(We call it #2)

And that’s the end of digestion

Problems/DiseasesUlcers Holes are burnt into the stomach lining by the gastric juice overproduction; can be stress induced.

Lactose intolerance Lacking enzyme Lactase that breaks down lactose

Gastric Bypass Restructuring the digestive system for weight loss

Diarrhea/Constipation

-too little/too much water reabsorbed by large intestine.

Where are we digested?

• Carbohydrates mouth saliva

• Proteins stomach gastric acid

• fats small intestine pancreas/liver

• Water large intestine (absorbed)

Fast Facts

Peristalsis Allows us to eat UPSIDE down

How about all thatGAS?

Most of us pass avg, about 600 ml/day.Made of five gasses: O2,

CO2, nitrogen, hydrogen, & Methane

Length?Small intestineLarge Intestine

6-7 meters1.5 meters

The Respiratory System•supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body

Problems/DiseasesAsthma inflammation of bronchi

and bronchioles that cause difficulty in breathing/ wheezing

Bronchitis inflammation of the lining of your bronchial tubes

Choking (aspiration) obstruction of the flow of air into the lungs

Pneumonia inflammation of the lungs caused by infection

MORE…

pharyngitis Inflammation of pharynx (sore throat)

Laryngitis Inflammation of voice box(loss of voice)

Fast Facts

Function of the urinary system

• Removal of liquid waste from the body

Urinalysis: test run on urine sample• Protein= kidney disease• Glucose= diabetes• White Blood cells= urinary tract infection (UTI)